Designation: B80 − 15

Standard Specification for

Magnesium-Alloy Sand Castings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B80; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope E35 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Magnesium and

1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy sand cast- Magnesium Alloys (Withdrawn 2008)3
ings designated as shown in Table 1. E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in
Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
as the standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for E155 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum
information only. and Magnesium Castings
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Industry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Unified Numbering System (UNS)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of
2. Referenced Documents Chemical Composition by Spectrochemical Analysis
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date 2.3 Federal Standards:4
of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
extent referenced herein: Fed. Std. No. 184 Identification Marking of Aluminum,
2.2 ASTM Standards:2 Magnesium and Titanium
B93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in Ingot 2.4 Military Standards:4
Form for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, and MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (Military
Die Castings Agencies)
B296 Practice for Temper Designations of Magnesium MIL-STD-276 Impregnation of Porous Non-ferrous Metal
Alloys, Cast and Wrought Castings
B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast MIL-I-13857 Impregnation of Metal Castings
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products MIL-M-46062 Magnesium Alloy Castings, High Strength
B660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and MIL-M-6857 Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloy Castings
Magnesium Products 2.5 ANSI Standard:5
B661 Practice for Heat Treatment of Magnesium Alloys ANSI Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection
B951 Practice for Codification of Unalloyed Magnesium and by Attributes
Magnesium-Alloys, Cast and Wrought
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to 3. Terminology
Determine Conformance with Specifications
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 casting lot, n—unless otherwise agreed, shall consist
of not more than 1000 lb of cleaned castings from the same
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.04 on
Magnesium Alloy Cast and Wrought Products.
3
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B80 – 09. DOI: www.astm.org.
4
10.1520/B0080-15. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.dodssp.daps.mil.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
NOTE 1—Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specifically mentioned in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements is suspected or indicated in amounts greater than
the specified limits, further analysis shall be made to determine that these elements are not present in excess of the specified limits.
NOTE 2—The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of acceptance and rejection, an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to
the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit.
Alloy NumberB Chemical Composition Limits for Registered Magnesium Alloys
Others
Magne- Alu- Gado- Man- Neo- Rare (Metallic TotalC
ASTM UNS Copper Iron Lithium Nickel Silicon Silver Yttrium Zinc Zirconium Impu-
sium minum linium ganese dymium Earths Impurities) rities
Each
AM100A M10100 remainder 9.3–10.7 0.10 ... ... ... 0.10–0.35 ... 0.01 ... 0.30 ... 0.30 ... ... 0.30
AZ63A M11630 remainder 5.3–6.7 0.25 ... ... ... 0.15–0.35 ... 0.01 ... 0.30 ... 2.5–3.5 ... ... 0.30
AZ81A M11810 remainder 7.0–8.1 0.10 ... ... ... 0.13–0.35 ... 0.01 ... 0.30 ... 0.40–1.0 ... ... 0.30
AZ91C M11914 remainder 8.1–9.3 0.10 ... ... ... 0.13–0.35 ... 0.01 ... 0.30 ... 0.40–1.0 ... ... 0.30
AZ91E M11919 remainder 8.1–9.3 0.015 ... 0.005D ... 0.17–0.35 ... 0.0010 ... 0.20 ... 0.40–1.0 ... 0.01 0.30
AZ92A M11920 remainder 8.3–9.7 0.25 ... ... ... 0.10–0.35 ... 0.01 ... 0.30 ... 1.6–2.4 ... ... 0.30
EQ21A M18330 remainder ... 0.05–0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01 1.5–3.0E ... 1.3–1.7 ... ... 0.40–1.0 ... 0.30
EV31AF M12310 remainder ... 0.01 1.0–1.7 0.010 ... ... 2.6–3.1 0.0020 0.4G ... 0.05 ... 0.20–0.50 0.40–1.0 0.01 ...
EZ33A M12330 remainder ... 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01 2.5–4.0H ... ... ... 2.0–3.1 0.50–1.0 ... 0.30
K1A M18010 remainder ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.40–1.0 ... 0.30

2
QE22A M18220 remainder ... 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01 1.8–2.5E ... 2.0–3.0 ... ... 0.40–1.0 ... 0.30
WE43A M18430 remainder ... 0.03 ... 0.01 0.2 0.15 2.0–2.5 0.005 1.9I 0.01 3.7–4.3 0.20 0.40–1.0 0.2 ...
J J
WE43B M18432 remainder ... 0.02 ... 0.010 0.2 0.03 2.0–2.5 0.005 1.9I ... 3.7–4.3 0.40–1.0 0.01 ...
WE54A M18410 remainder ... 0.03 ... ... 0.2 0.03 1.5–2.0 0.005 2.0I 0.01 4.75–5.5 0.20 0.40–1.0 0.20 ...
B80 − 15

ZC63A M16331 remainder ... 2.4–3.0 ... ... ... 0.25–0.75 ... 0.01 ... 0.20 ... 5.5–6.5 ... ... 0.30
ZE41A M16410 remainder ... 0.10 ... ... ... 0.15 ... 0.01 0.75–1.75H ... ... 3.5–5.0 0.40–1.0 ... 0.30
ZK51A M16510 remainder ... 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01 ... ... ... 3.6–5.5 0.50–1.0 0.30
ZK61A M16610 remainder ... 0.10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.01 ... ... ... 5.5–6.5 0.6–1.0 0.30
A
Limits are in weight % max unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
B
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B951. UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E527.
C
Includes listed elements for when no specific limit is shown.
D
If iron exceeds 0.005 %, the Iron to Manganese ratio shall not exceed 0.032.
E
Rare earth elements are in the form of Didymium, with not less than 70 % Neodymium, and the remainder substantially Praseodymium.
F
Alloy EV31A is a patented composition, suitable for elevated temperature applications. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of alternatives to these compositions to ASTM
International. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights
asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this specification. Users of this specification are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights,
are entirely their own responsibility.
G
Other Rare Earths may also be present to a total maximum of 0.4 %. These Rare Earths shall principally be Cerium, Lanthanum, and Praseodymium.
H
Total Rare Earths (TRE) are principally a mixture of Cerium, Lanthanum, Neodymium and Praseodymium. The Cerium content should not be less than 45% of TRE.
I
Other Rare Earths shall be principally heavy rare earths, such as, Gadolinium, Dysprosium, Erbium, and Ytterbium. Other Rare Earths are derived from the Yttrium, typically 80 % Yttrium, and 20 % heavy rare earths.
J
Zinc + Silver shall not exceed 0.20 % in WE43B.
 B80 − 15
melt or heat, except where this weight limit may be exceeded 4.1.12 Whether repairs are permissible (Section 19),
by a single casting. In such cases, each casting shall be 4.1.13 Whether chemical analysis and mechanical property
considered a lot. reports or certifications, or both, are required (Section 20), and
3.1.2 heat treat lot, n—for the purpose of mechanical 4.1.14 Whether special packaging is required for shipment
property testing, a lot shall consist of all castings heat treated (Section 22).
in the same furnace charge to the same temper.
5. Responsibility for Quality Assurance
3.1.3 sand casting, n—metal object produced by pouring
molten metal into a sand mold and allowing it to solidify. 5.1 Responsibility for Inspection—Unless otherwise speci-
fied in the contract or purchase order, the supplier is respon-
4. Ordering Information sible for the performance of all inspection requirements as
4.1 Orders for castings under this specification shall include specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the contract
the following information: or order, the supplier may use his own or any other facilities
4.1.1 Applicable drawing or part number, suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements
4.1.2 Quantity of each casting, specified herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The
4.1.3 Specification number and title, purchaser reserves the right to perform any of the inspections
4.1.4 Alloy (Section 9 and Table 1), set forth in the specification where such inspections are deemed
4.1.5 Temper (Section 11, Table 2 and X1.2), necessary to ensure supplies and services conform to pre-
4.1.6 Whether foundry control is required (Section 8), scribed requirements.
4.1.7 Whether test specimens cut from castings are required
in addition to, or instead of, separately cast test specimens 6. Material Requirements
(Section 12 and Table X1.2), 6.1 Unless otherwise specified, only magnesium alloy in-
4.1.8 Whether liquid penetrant inspection is required (15.2), gots or producer’s foundry scrap conforming to Specification
4.1.9 Whether radiographic inspection is required (15.3), B93/B93M shall be used for pouring castings. Additions of
4.1.10 Whether pressure testing is required (15.4), small amounts of grain refining elements and material for melt
4.1.11 Whether source inspection is required (Section 17), process losses are permitted.

TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements

NOTE 1—For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall be rounded to the
nearest 0.1 ksi and each value for elongation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5 %, both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.
Alloy Number Tensile Strength, min, Yield StrengthB (0.2 % Elongation in 2 in., (50.8
TemperA
ASTM UNS ksi (MPa) offset), min, ksi (MPa) mm) min, %
C
AM100A M10100 T6 35.0(241) 17.0(117)
AZ63A M11630 F 26.0(179) 11.0(76) 4
T4 34.0(234) 11.0(76) 7
T5 26.0(179) 12.0(83) 2
T6 34.0(234) 16.0(110) 3
AZ81A M11810 T4 34.0(234) 11.0(76) 7
C
AZ91C M11914 F 23.0(158) 11.0(76)
T4 34.0(234) 11.0(76) 7
T5 23.0(158) 12.0(83) 2
T6 34.0(234) 16.0(110) 3
AZ91E M11919 T6 34.0(234) 16.0(110) 3
C
AZ92A M11920 F 23.0(158) 11.0(76)
T4 34.0(234) 11.0(76) 6
C
T5 23.0(158) 12.0(83)
T6 34.0(234) 18.0(124) 1
EQ21A M18330 T6 34.0(234) 25.0(172) 2
EV31A M12310 T6 36.0(248) 21.0(145) 2
EZ33A M12330 T5 20.0(138) 14.0(96) 2
K1A M18010 F 24.0(165) 6.0(41) 14
QE22A M18220 T6 35.0(241) 25.0(172) 2
WE43A M18430 T6 32.0(221) 25.0(172) 2
WE43B M18432 T6 32.0(221) 25.0(172) 2
WE54A M18410 T6 37.0(255) 26.0(179) 2
ZC63A M16331 T6 28.0(193) 18.0(124) 2
ZE41A M16410 T5 29.0(200) 19.5(133) 2.5
ZK51A M16510 T5 34.0(234) 20.0(138) 5
ZK61A M16610 T6 40.0(276) 26.0(179) 5
A
These temper designations were established in accordance with Practice B296.
B
See X1.4.1.
C
Not required.

3
 B80 − 15
6.2 Pure materials and master alloys may be used provided tice B661. Heat treatment shall be performed on the whole
chemical analysis verifying conformance to Table 1 is done casting and never on a portion.
prior to pouring any castings. 11.2 Each heat treat furnace charge shall contain at least one
set of test bars of the same composition range as the castings.
7. Manufacture The satisfactory heat treatment of the furnace charge shall be
7.1 The responsibility of furnishing castings that can be laid determined by the results from these test bars, which must
out and machined to the finished dimensions within the conform to the requirements of Table 2 or Table X1.2 where
permissible variations specified, as shown on the blueprints or required.
drawings, shall rest with the supplier, except when pattern
equipment is furnished by the purchaser. Sufficient stock shall 12. Tensile Requirements
be allowed for shrinkage, and where requested, for finishing;
12.1 Limits—The tension test specimens representing the
but castings of excessive weight shall not be furnished.
castings shall conform to the requirements of Table 2.
7.2 The castings may be subjected to such heat treatment as
12.2 Number of Tests—At least one tension test specimen
deemed necessary to produce material that will conform to the
shall be tested from each casting lot, or fraction thereof, to
requirements specified. Heat treatment shall be performed on
represent the castings poured from the same melt. If the
the whole of a casting, never on a part only, and shall be
castings are to be heat treated, the specimens shall be heat
applied in a manner that will produce the utmost uniformity.
treated with production castings of the same alloy and in the
8. Foundry Control same temper as the specimens. The specimens shall then be
tested to judge the ability of their corresponding melts to
8.1 When specified, castings shall be produced under respond to the type of heat treatment to which the specimens
foundry control approved by the purchaser. Foundry control were subjected.
shall consist of examination of the castings by radiographic or 12.2.1 Test Specimens—The tension test specimens shall be
other approved methods for determining internal discontinui- separately cast in the system sand mix in use and shall be cast
ties until the gating, pouring, and other foundry practices have to size in accordance with the dimensions shown in Fig. 1 or
been established to produce castings meeting the quality Fig. 2.
standards set by purchaser or agreed to between the purchaser
and the producer. When foundry practices have been so 12.3 When specified, the tensile strength and yield strength
established, the production method shall not be significantly values of specimens cut from castings shall conform to Table
changed without demonstrating to the satisfaction of the X1.2. Elongation values shall not be less than 25 % of the
purchaser that the change does not adversely affect the quality values specified in Table 2.
of the castings. Minor changes in pouring temperature of 12.3.1 When tensile properties of castings are to be
650°F from the established nominal temperature are permis- determined, tension test specimens shall be cut from the
sible. locations designated on the drawing. If no locations are
designated, specimens shall be taken from each test casting to
9. Chemical Composition Requirements include at least one from the thinnest and one from thickest
section of the casting. At least three specimens are required.
9.1 Limits—The castings shall conform to the chemical 12.3.2 The machined tension test specimen shall be the
composition limits prescribed in Table 1. Conformance shall be standard 0.500-in. diameter specimen or the largest smaller
determined by analyzing samples taken when the castings are size specimen proportional to the standard specimen shown in
poured, or by analyzing samples taken from the finished Fig. 8 of Test Methods B557.
product. If the chemical composition has been determined
12.3.3 Where a round specimen is not feasible a standard 1⁄2
during the course of manufacture, sampling and analysis of the
in. wide rectangular specimen shown in Fig. 6 of Test Methods
finished product shall not be necessary.
B557 may be used, but in no case shall its area be less than that
of the sub size 1⁄4 in. wide specimen.
10. Sampling for Chemical Composition
12.4 If any tension test specimen is improperly machined or
10.1 For determination of chemical composition, one
shows flaws upon testing, it may be discarded and another
sample of each casting lot shall be taken in accordance with
specimen for the same heat or melt used instead. If no
Practice E88 for chemical analysis or Practice E716 for
additional specimen is available, the supplier and the purchaser
spectrochemical analysis.
shall agree on an alternative procedure.
10.1.1 Samples for other methods of chemical analysis shall
be suitable for the form of material being analyzed and the type 12.5 Test Methods—The tension tests shall be made in
of analytical method used. In case of dispute, analyses should accordance with Test Methods B557.
be made by methods given in Methods E35. 12.6 Mechanical properties at 400 to 500°F—Alloys
EQ21A, EV31A, EZ33A, QE22A, WE54A, WE43A and
11. Heat Treatment WE43B shall be capable of meeting the requirements shown in
11.1 Unless otherwise specified, heat treatment for the Table X1.2 when tested in the following manner. Tensile test
applicable tempers designated in Tables 2 and X1.2 shall be in specimens shall be heated to 400 to 500°F 6 5°F, as applicable,
accordance with Military Specification MIL-M-6857 or Prac- held for 10 min before testing and loaded at this temperature at

4
 B80 − 15

Metric Equivalents
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm

0.500 12.70 ⁄
78 22.2 13⁄8 34.9 3 76.2
0.510 12.95 1 25.4 15⁄8 41.37 31⁄4 82.5
3⁄ 8 9.5 1 ⁄8
1 28.6 2 50.8 6 152.4
1⁄ 2 12.7 11⁄4 31.8 23⁄4 69.8 93⁄16 233.4
5⁄ 8 15.9

FIG. 1 AFS Test Bar for Sand-Cast Magnesium Alloys

a rate of 0.005 in./in./min up to the yield strength, and at a rate discontinuities except as designated and agreed upon as ac-
of 0.10 in./in./min above the yield strength. ceptable by the purchaser.

13. Special Test Methods 14.2 Prior to shipment, castings shall be coated with a light
corrosion-inhibiting oil, unless chrome pickling is required by
13.1 When the castings have critical functional the purchaser (see X1.5).
requirements, special tests to simulate the stress conditions
incurred in service may be requested. The requirements and 15. Foundry Inspection
methods of these tests shall be as agreed upon between the
producer and the purchaser. 15.1 Requirements of surface finish parting lines, and re-
moval of gates and risers may be checked visually. It is
14. Finish advisable to have mutually agreed upon observational stan-
dards to represent acceptable material.
14.1 The finished castings shall be uniform in quality, free
of injurious blowholes, porosity, shrinkage, cracks, and other 15.2 Liquid Penetrant Inspection:

5
 B80 − 15

NOTE 1—This test bar mold is particularly suitable for those magnesium alloys containing Zr.
FIG. 2 Proposed Gating System for ASTM Magnesium Test Bars

15.2.1 When specified liquid penetrant inspection shall be soundness requirements shall be specified by the purchaser. It
in accordance with Practice E165, and the required sensitivity is advisable to document an agreed upon radiographic tech-
shall be specified. nique including source parameters, film size, and orientation of
15.2.2 Acceptance standards for discontinuities shall be the radiographs.
agreed upon, including size and frequency per unit area and 15.3.2 Radiographic acceptance shall be in accordance with
location. requirements selected from Table 3. Any modifications of this
15.3 Radiographic Inspection: table and the frequency per unit area and location should also
15.3.1 When specified, radiographic inspection shall be in be agreed upon between the producer and purchaser.
accordance with Guide E94 and Reference Radiographs E155 15.4 When specified, the castings shall be subject to hydro-
to determine soundness. Areas of the casting subject to static or aerostatic pressure as required. Acceptance pressure

TABLE 3 Discontinuity-Level Requirements for Magnesium Sand Castings (Reference Radiographs E155)
Discontinuity Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D
Section Thickness, in.
⁄
14 ⁄
34 ⁄
14 3 ⁄4 1 ⁄4 ⁄
34 ⁄
14 ⁄
34

Gas holes none 1 1 2 2 5 5

Microshrinkage (feathery) none 1 1 2 2 4 3
Microshrinkage (sponge) none 1 1 2 2 4 3
Foreign material (less dense) none 1 1 2 2 4 4
Foreign material (more dense) none 1 1 2 2 4 3
Cracks none none none none
Cold shuts none none none none
Surface irregularity not to exceed drawing tolerance
Core shift not to exceed drawing tolerence

6
 B80 − 15
and allowable leak rates shall be specified by the purchaser. prescribed in Table 2 or Table X1.2, the castings may be reheat
(Warning—Take appropriate safety precautions to protect treated but not more than twice. The results of acceptable tests
inspectors prior to any pressure application.) shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties
specified in Table 2 or Table X1.2.
16. Sampling for Foundry Inspection
18.3 In the case of dissatisfaction regarding rejections, the
16.1 For the purpose of visual and dimensional producer may make a claim for rehearing as the basis for
examination, casting lots may be combined up to a maximum arbitration within a reasonable time after receipt by the
of 5000 lbs. From this accumulated lot, a sample shall be producer of the rejection notification.
selected at random in accordance with the tables of ANSI Z1.4
at inspection level II, with lot acceptance and rejection based 19. Repair of Castings
on acceptable quality level (AQL) equal to 1.5 % defective. 19.1 Castings shall not be repaired by welding,
When the accumulation of lots is not practical, the sample shall impregnation, peening, excess blendings resulting in out of
be selected from each casting lot. Samples selected for dimen- drawing tolerance dimension, or other methods without per-
sional examination may be the same as those selected for visual mission of the purchaser. Soldering shall not be performed
examination, but the determination of acceptance or rejection under any conditions. Limitations on the extent and frequency
shall not be based on the cumulative sample for both charac- of repairs, and methods of inspection of repaired areas shall be
teristics. as agreed upon by the producer and purchaser. Repaired
16.2 For the purpose of liquid penetrant or radiographic castings shall be re-examined in accordance with the applicable
inspection, a random sample of castings shall be selected from areas of the drawings, specifications and directives and shall
each casting lot. The number of castings selected shall be in fully comply with all the requirements of this standard.
accordance with ANSI Z1.4 at inspection quality level II with 19.2 Welding—When welding is permitted, it shall be done
lot acceptance and rejection based on AQL of 0.65 % defective. by methods suitable for the particular alloy. Welding methods
16.3 Sampling for hydrostatic and aerostatic pressure tests shall be in accordance with such specifications as are refer-
shall be as specified by the purchaser. enced on the applicable drawings, or as are required by the
contract or order. Periodic checks of welded castings shall be
16.4 Modifications of the above sampling plans must be made to ensure a satisfactory procedure for welding is being
agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser. adhered to by the producer.
19.2.1 All welding shall be done by qualified welders
17. Source Inspection
approved by the purchaser.
17.1 If the purchaser desires that inspection be made at the 19.2.2 When castings are to be supplied in the heat treated
supplier’s works where the material is made, it shall be so condition, they shall be heat treated or re-heat treated, with
stated in the contract or purchase order. proper precautions against germination, to the required temper
17.1.1 If the purchaser elects to have the inspection made at after welding. Small arc welds may be performed without
the supplier’s works, the supplier shall afford the inspector subsequent heat treatment upon approval of the purchaser.
representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities to satisfy 19.2.3 When specified, castings that have been repaired by
him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this welding shall have the welded areas examined radiographically
specification. All tests and inspection shall be so conducted as after all reworking and heat treatments have been completed.
not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. 19.2.4 All welds shall be free of cracks, excess gas, oxides,
porosity, and lack of fusion.
18. Rejection, Retest and Reheating 19.2.5 Welded castings shall be marked with a symbol of
18.1 Material failing to conform to the requirements of this three concentric circles with a letter or number designating the
specification, or in which defects are found during subsequent welder adjacent to the symbol. The outer circle of the symbol
manufacturing operations, may be rejected. If rejected, the shall not be larger than 1⁄4 in. outside diameter. All welded
supplier shall be responsible only for replacement of the areas shall be encircled with a ring of white paint prior to
material to the purchaser. As much as possible of the rejected submission for final inspection.
original material shall be returned to the supplier. 19.3 Impregnation—When impregnation is permitted it
18.1.1 Any sample unit containing one or more character- shall be only to correct general seepage leaks and shall not be
istics which fail to meet any of the requirements of this used to correct poor foundry technique or significant porosity.
standard shall be rejected. If the number of defective units in It shall be accomplished in accordance with such specifications
any sample exceeds the acceptance number specified for that as may be shown on the drawing or that may be required by the
sample size, the entire lot represented by the sample shall be contract or order, provided that, if no specifications are
rejected. stipulated, the method used shall be approved by the procuring
18.1.2 A rejected lot may be screened by 100 % inspection agency. Unless otherwise authorized, castings which have been
for the rejectable item and resubmitted for acceptance inspec- impregnated shall be marked IMP. Impregnation of castings
tions. Any deviation from this procedure must be approved by shall be in accordance with Military Standard MIL-STD-276.
the purchaser. For Aeronautical and Army Quartermaster Corps use, impreg-
18.2 Retests—If the results of the tension tests of alloys in nants used shall be in accordance with Military Specification
heat-treated tempers do not conform to the requirements MIL-I-13857.

7
 B80 − 15
19.4 Peening—Where peening is permitted it shall be only 22. Packaging and Marking for Shipment
to correct localized minor seepage leaks and small surface 22.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified, the castings
imperfections, or to disclose sub-surface voids for the purpose shall be packaged to provide adequate protection during
of inspection. Peening shall not be permitted to repair cracks, normal handling and transportation. Each package shall con-
cold shuts, shrinks, mis-runs, defects due to careless handling, tain only one type of item unless otherwise agreed upon. The
or other similar major defects. Peening may be accomplished type of packaging and gross weight of containers shall, unless
either hot or cold and shall be performed by methods which are otherwise agreed upon, be at the supplier’s discretion, provided
acceptable to the inspector. Peened castings shall be marked they are such as to ensure acceptance by common or other
with a maltese cross approximately 1⁄4 in. high. carriers for safe transportation at the lowest rate to the delivery
19.5 Blending—Blending with suitable grinders or other point.
tools shall be permitted only for the removal of surface 22.2 Marking—Each shipping container shall be legibly
imperfections and shall not result in dimensions below mini- marked with the purchase order number, gross and net weights,
mum drawing tolerances. and the supplier’s name. Marking for shipment shall be in
accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and
20. Certification MIL-STD-129 for military agencies. When specified in the
20.1 The supplier shall, on request, furnish to the purchaser contract or purchase order materials shall be marked in
a certificate stating that the material has been sampled and accordance with Fed. Std. 184.
inspected in accordance with this specification, and has met the 22.3 Preservation—Material intended for prolonged storage
requirements. in unheated locations shall be adequately packed and protected
to avoid deterioration and damage. When specified in the
21. Identification and Repair Marking contract or purchase order, material shall be preserved,
21.1 Identification—Unless otherwise specified, each cast- packaged, and packed in accordance with the requirements of
ing shall be marked with the applicable drawing or part Practice B660. The applicable levels shall be as specified in the
number. The marking shall consist of raised Arabic numerals, contract or order.
and when applicable, capitol letters, cast integral. The location 22.4 When required, an examination of preparation for
of the identification marking shall be as specified on the delivery shall be made to determine compliance with the
drawing, the drawing/part number shall be placed in a location packing requirements. The sample unit shall be one shipping
mutually agreeable to the purchaser and producer. container fully prepared for delivery, randomly selected. Using
21.1.1 Lot Identification—When practical, each casting MIL-STD-105, the inspection level shall be an AQL of 4.0
shall also be marked with the lot number. expressed in terms of percent defective.
21.2 Repair Markings—All identification markings indicat-
ing repairs as specified in 19.2.5, 19.3 and 19.4 shall be made 23. Keywords
with a waterproof marking fluid. 23.1 magnesium alloy; sand castings

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. EXPLANATORY NOTES

X1.1 General Information better and its resistance to salt-water (NaCl) corrosion is
X1.1.1 Property limits in Table 2 are based on an analysis of decidedly better than in the case of alloy AM100A.
data from separately cast tension test bars and are established X1.1.4 Alloy AZ81A has a specific gravity of about 1.80. It
at a level at which at least 99 % of the population of the values is used primarily in the solution heat-treated temper. This alloy
meets the established value. will produce castings having maximum soundness with mod-
X1.1.2 Alloy AM100A has a specific gravity of about 1.81. erate mechanical properties.
It is used both in the solution heat-treated temper and in the X1.1.5 Alloy AZ91C has a specific gravity of about 1.81. It
solution heat-treated and aged temper. Aging increases the should be used for those applications requiring the maximum
yield strength and hardness and decreases the toughness and of strength and hardness as well as ductility. Its mechanical
elongation. properties in the heat-treated and in the heat-treated and aged
X1.1.3 Alloy AZ63A has a specific gravity of about 1.84. It temper are similar to those of AZ63A, but its foundry charac-
is used in the as-cast, the solution heat-treated, and the solution teristics are similar to AZ92A. It should be used in preference
heat-treated and aged tempers. Its properties are somewhat to AZ62A. It should be used in preference to AZ63A if the

8
 B80 − 15
higher resistance to salt-water (NaCl) corrosion of the latter (260°C) and has very high resistance to salt water (NaCl)
composition is not required. corrosion. Ductility of alloy WE54A can fall as much as 50 %
X1.1.6 Alloy AZ91E is a high purity version of AZ91C. As when exposed to 250 to 400°F (120 to 200°C) for long periods
a result it has very high resistance to salt-water (NaCl) of time.
corrosion. X1.1.17 Alloy ZC63A has a specific gravity of 1.87. It is
X1.1.7 Alloy EQ21A has lower silver content than QE22A suitable for commercial applications where pressure tightness
alloy but has similar mechanical properties. and elevated temperature properties are required.
X1.1.8 Alloy AZ92A has a specific gravity of about 1.82. It X1.1.18 Alloy EV31A has a specific gravity of 1.82. It can
is used where good soundness and mechanical properties are be used in castings requiring high yield strength up to 400°F
required. The alloy is heat treatable and is then characterized (200°C) and has very high resistance to salt water (NaCl)
by high strength and hardness. Its resistance to salt-water corrosion.
(NaCl) corrosion is approximately equivalent to that of Alloy
AZ63A. Alloy AZ92A in the heat-treated temper ages more X1.2 Properties and Characteristics
rapidly than Alloy AZ63A in the heat-treated temper. Under X1.2.1 The data on properties and characteristics given in
service conditions where the castings attain a temperature of Table X1.1 are approximate and are supplied for general
200°F (93°C) or higher, the castings of Alloy AZ92A, heat information only.
treated, will gradually change to the heat-treated and aged
temper. X1.3 Minimum Properties of Bars Cut from Castings
X1.1.9 Alloy EZ33A has a specific gravity of about 1.84. It X1.3.1 The minimum properties of bars cut from castings
is used in the artificially-aged temper. It is recommended for shown in Table X1.2 are given for information only and do not
use at elevated temperatures, especially in the range of 300 to form a part of this specification. The minimums in Table X1.2
500°F (149 to 260°C). This alloy will produce sound castings are available for most castings although better properties may
for pressure tightness. be obtained in some castings or selected sections of other
X1.1.10 Alloy K1A is a low-strength alloy generally used castings. All properties of bars cut from castings require special
for its exceptionally good damping characteristics. agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
X1.1.11 Alloy QE22A is primarily used where a high yield X1.3.2 Military Specification MIL M-46062 High Strength
strength is needed at temperatures up to 400°F (200°C). Magnesium Alloy Castings, covers castings of a premium
quality for which all properties required are from specimens
X1.1.12 Alloy ZE41A has a specific gravity of about 1.84. cut from the castings.
It is a versatile, medium strength, fully weldable and easily
castable alloy possessing good fatigue and creep properties. X1.4 Yield Strength and Brinell Hardness
This alloy will produce sound castings for pressure tightness.
At testing temperatures up to 320°F (160°C), the properties of X1.4.1 The yield strength of magnesium-base alloys is
separately cast test bars bear a very close relationship to those defined as the stress at which the stress-strain curve deviates
obtained from sound production castings, even where thick 0.2 % from the modulus line. It may be determined by the
(massive) sections are involved. “offset method” or the “extension-under-load method” (the
latter is often referred to as the “approximate method without
X1.1.13 Alloy ZK51A has a specific gravity of about 1.83. the stress-strain diagram”) as described in Methods B557. In
It is used in the artificially aged temper. This alloy produces case of dispute, the “offset method” shall be used. The data in
castings combining a high yield strength with good elongation. Table X1.3 give minimum yield strength values for the various
X1.1.14 Alloy ZK61A has a specific gravity of about 1.83. alloys, together with the corresponding unit deformations for
It is used in the solution heat-treated and artificially aged use with the “extension-under-load method” based on a modu-
temper. This alloy produces castings of highest strength-to- lus of elasticity, E = 6 500 000 psi (44 800 MPa).
weight ratio and good elongation. X1.4.2 The typical Brinell hardness numbers shown in
X1.1.15 Alloys WE43A and WE43B have a specific gravity Table X1.3 were obtained using a 10 mm ball and 500 kgf load.
of 1.84. They can be used in castings requiring high yield They are shown for information only.
strength up to 500°F (260°C) and have very high resistance to
salt water (NaCl) corrosion. X1.5 Chrome Pickling
X1.1.16 Alloy WE54A has a specific gravity of 1.85. It can X1.5.1 The chrome pickle is not recommended for castings
be used in castings requiring high yield strength up to 500°F containing metal inserts.

9
 B80 − 15
TABLE X1.1 Properties and Characteristics
Melting Range Pattern
Alloy Number Foundry CharacteristicsB Other CharacteristicsB
Approximate,°F (°C) Shrinkage
Non- Allow- Pres- Micro- Sur- Suita- Suita-
ance, Normally
Equilib- sure porosity Machin- Electro- face bility bility
ASTM UNS Solidus Liquidus in./ftA FluidityD Heat
rium Tight- Tend- ingF platingG Treat- to to
(mm/m) Treated
SolidusC ness encyE ment H
BrazingI WeldingJ
AM100A M10100 810 867(464) 1100(593) ⁄
5 32 (13.0) 2 1 2 yes 1 2 2 no 1
AZ63A M11630 685 850(454) 1130(610) ⁄
5 32 (13.0) 3 1 3 yes 1 1 1 no 3
AZ81A M11810 790 882(472) 1115(602) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 1 2 yes 1 2 2 no 1
AZ91C M11914 785 875(468) 1105(596) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 1 2 yes 1 2 2 no 1
AZ91E M11919 785 875(468) 1105(596) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 1 2 yes 1 2 2 no 1
AZ92A M11920 770 830(443) 1100(593) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 1 2 yes 1 2 2 no 2
K
EQ21A M18330 ... 995(535) 1184(640) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 1 1
K
EV31A M12310 ... 1013(545) 1184(640) 3⁄16 (15.5) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 2 1
EZ33A M12390 ... 1010(543) 1189(643) 3⁄16 (15.5) 1 2 1 yes 1 1 1 no 1
K
K1A M13010 ... ... 1205(652) 3⁄16 (15.5) 2 2 2 no 1 3 2 1
K
QE22A M18220 ... 1020(549) 1190(643) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 1 1
K K
WE43A M18430 ... 1015(545) 1185(640) 3⁄16 (15.5) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 2
K K
WE43B M18432 ... 1015(545) 1185(640) 3⁄16 (15.5) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 2
K K
WE54A M18410 ... 1015(545) 1185(640) 3⁄16 (15.5) 2 2 2 yes 1 2 2
K K
ZC63A M16331 ... 870(465) 1020(550) 3⁄16 (15.5) 1 2 2 yes 1 1 2
ZE41A M16410 ... 950(510) 1184(640) 5⁄32 (13.0) 2 2 2 yes 1 1 1 no 2
ZK51A M16510 ... 1020(549) 1185(641) 5⁄32 (13.0) 3 2 3 yes 1 2 1 no 3
ZK61A M16610 ... 985(529) 1175(635) 5⁄32 (13.0) 3 2 3 yes 1 2 1 no 3
A
Allowance for average castings. Shrinkage requirements will vary with intricacy of design and dimensions.
B
Rating of 1 indicates best of group; 3 indicates poorest of group.
C
As measured on metal solidified under normal casting conditions.
D
Ability of liquid alloy to flow readily in mold and fill thin sections.
E
Based on radiographic evidence.
F
Composite rating based on ease of cutting, chip characteristics, quality of finish, and tool life. Ratings, in the case of heat-treatable alloys based on T6 type temper. Other
tempers, particularly the annealed temper, may have lower rating.
G
Ability of casting to take and hold an electroplate applied by present standard methods.
H
Ability of castings to be cleaned in standard pickle solutions and to be conditioned for best paint adhesion.
I
Refers to suitability of alloy to withstand brazing temperature without excessive distortion or melting.
J
Based on ability of material to be fusion welded with filler rod of same alloy, or of an alloy whose composition is recommended.
K
Inexperience with these alloys under wide production conditions makes it undesirable to supply ratings at this time.

10
 B80 − 15
TABLE X1.2 Tension Test Minimums for Specimens Cut from Castings
NOTE 1—The values in the table, both average and minimum, are representative of the weakest areas in any type casting for the composition listed,
that is, adjacent to gates and risers. Higher design properties for designated areas in castings are normally obtained and shall be as specified in the order.
Alloy Number Temperature Tensile Strength, ksi (MPa) Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), ksi (MPa)
Temper
ASTM UNS of Testing avgA minB avgA minB
AZ63A M11630 T4 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 10.0(69) 9.0(62)
T6 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 14.5(99) 12.0(83)
AZ81A M11810 T4 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 10.0(69) 9.0(62)
AZ91C M11914 T4 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 10.0(69) 9.0(62)
T6 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 14.5(99) 12.0(83)
AZ91E M11919 T6 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 14.5(99) 12.0(83)
AZ92A M11920 T4 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 10.0(69) 9.0(62)
T6 room 25.5(173) 17.0(117) 16.0(110) 13.5(92)
EQ21A M18330 T6 room 32.0(221) 28(193) 23.0(158) 20.0(138)
T6 400°F ... 23.0(158) ... 18.0(124)
EV31A M12310 T6 room 41.1(283) 36.0(248) 24.5(169) 21.0(145)
T6 400°F 35.5(242) ... 21.8(150) ...
EZ33A M12330 T5 room 15.0(103) 13.0(90) 12.5(86) 11.0(76)
T5 500°F ... 10.0(69) ... 6.0(41)
QE22A M18220 T6 room 32.0(221) 28.0(113) 23.0(158) 20.0(138)
T6 400°F ... 24.0(165) ... 18.0(124)
WE43A M18430 T6 room 36.5(252) 31.5(215) 25.5(176) 22.0(152)
T6 482°F 30.5(210) 25.5(176) 22.5(155) 18.5(128)
WE43B M18432 T6 room 36.5(252) 31.5(215) 25.5(176) 22.0(152)
T6 482°F 30.5(210) 25.5(176) 22.5(155) 18.5(128)
WE54A M18410 T6 room 35.0(240) 30.5(210) 24.0(165) 23.0(160)
T6 482°F ... 27.0(185) ... 22.0(150)
ZC63A M16331 T6 room ... 27.0(185) ... 18.0(124)
ZE41A M16410 T5 room 28.0(193) 26.0(179) 19.5(135) 17.5(120)
ZK51A M16510 T5 room 29.0(209) 24.0(165) 17.0(117) 14.0(96)
ZK61A M16610 T6 room 34.0(234) 30.0(207) 21.0(145)
A
The average value of all specimens tested from each casting shall conform to the minimum average. Not less than three specimens shall be tested from each casting:
one from the thinnest section, one from the thickest section, and one from an intermediate section.
B
Any specimen cut from a casting shall conform to the minimum value specified.

TABLE X1.3 Data for Use with “Extension-Under Load Method” and Typical Brinell Hardness
Alloy Number Yield Strength (0.2 % Unit Deformation, in./in. Typical Brinell
Temper
ASTM UNS offset), min, ksi (MPa) (mm/mm) of gage length Hardness Number, HB
AM100A M10100 T6 17.0 (117) 0.0046 69
AZ63A M11630 F 11.0 (76) 0.0037 50
T4 11.0 (76) 0.0037 55
T5 12.0 (83) 0.0038 55
T6 16.0 (110) 0.0045 73
AZ81A M11810 T4 11.0 (76) 0.0037 55
AZ91C M11914 F 11.0 (76) 0.0037 60
T4 11.0 (76) 0.0037 55
T5 12.0 (83) 0.0038 62
AZ91E M11919 T6 16.0 (110) 0.0045 70
T6 16.0 (110) 0.0045 70
AZ92A M11920 F 11.0 (76) 0.0037 65
T4 11.0 (76) 0.0037 63
T5 12.0 (83) 0.0038 69
T6 18.0 (129) 0.0048 81
EQ21A M18330 T6 25.0 (172) 0.0058 78
EV31A M12310 T6 21.0 (145) 0.0052 78
EZ33A M12330 T5 14.0 (96) 0.0042 50
K1A M18010 F 6.0 (41) 0.0029 ...
QE22A M18220 T6 25.0 (172) 0.0058 78
WE43A M18430 T6 25.0 (172) 0.0058 85
WE43B M18432 T6 25.0 (172) 0.0058 85
WE54A M18410 T6 26.0 (179) 0.0060 85
ZC63A M16331 T6 18.0 (124) 0.0048 60
ZE41A M16410 T5 19.5 (135) 0.0050 62
ZK51A M16510 T5 20.0 (138) 0.0051 65
ZK61A M16610 T6 26.0 (174) 0.0060 70

11
 B80 − 15
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/

12