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Module 7 Sampling Methods

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Jonar Briones
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38 views

Module 7 Sampling Methods

Uploaded by

Jonar Briones
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 7 Sampling Methods Lesson 1. Sampling Method Sampling is widely used in business as a means of gathering useful information about a population. Data are gathered from samples and conclusions are drawn about the population as a part of the inferential statistics process. Estimating Sample Size Researcher may use the following formula by Slovin N = total population ¢ = margin of error (use 5%) Example: Given the following data, determine the sample size. Population (N) is 1,000, margin of error is 5% Using the formula: 1,000 ™ = T¥(,000)(05)" ri 1,000 1425 n 286 ‘Therefore, the sample size is 286. This means that 286 will be drawn from the 1,000 population of the study. 75 Two main types of sampling: A. Random samplin B. Nonrandom sampling A. Random sampling, In random sampling every unit of the population has th Probability of being selected into the sample. The four random sampling techniques are: a) simple random sampling, b) stratified random samp| Juster (or area) rani sampling, g, c) systematic random sampling, and 4) cl 1. Simple Random Sampling. It can be viewed as the basis for other sampling techniques. with simple random sampling, each unit of the frame is numbered from 1 to N (where N is the size of the population). ‘Then a table of random numbers or a number generator is used to determine the unit to be included in the sample. 2. Stratified Random Sampling, A stratified random sampling method div Population first into homogeneous subgroups, called strata, from which simple random samples are then drawn of ra ides the Based from the Result of the computation of Sample Size. 1,000 student population from 3 departments (Commerce = 400, Education = 250; HRM = 350) and n = 286 (sample size). To allocate the sample size to the respective departments, the following procedure must be followed: \, a Department Population Percent (%) Sample Size i 7. Commerce 400 40 114 | 2, Education 250 Fe} 72 3._ HRM 350 35 100 Total 7,000 100 286 3. Systematic Random Sampling. In a random sampling method whereby every item is selected to produce a sample of size n from a population of size S DETERMINING N THE VALUE OF k where : n = sample size N = population size K = size of interval for selection Example: If N= 1,000; n=286 1,000 _ 3.5001 4 286 76 ofthe eeEle: the size ofthe interval for selection is 4. This means that every 4® name the ‘student from the list will be considered as sample of the population. In selecting very Student in the lis of 1000 students, a simple random number table should be used select a value between 1 and k inclusive as a starting point, The second element for the sample is the starting point plus k. In the example, k = 4 «table of random number can be used to select the starting point between 1 andl 4, Suppose 3 was selected, then the starting Point will be the 3% member from the list of students, then the second sample will be the 7" (3 +4), and then the 11" (7 +4) and so on. 4. Cluster (or area) Random Sampling. Cluster (or area) sampling involves dividing the population into non-overlapping areas, or clu B. Nonrandom Sampling. Sampling techniques are used to select elements from the population by any mechanism that does not involve a random selection process are called nonrandom sampling. ‘The following are the nonrandom sampling techniques. 1) Convenience sampling 2) Judgment sampling 3) Quota sampling 4) Snowball sampling + Inconvenience sampling, elements forthe sample are selected for the convenience of the researcher. Example, a convenience sample of homes for door-to-door interviews might include houses where people are at home, houses near th street, first door apartment, houses with friendly people, etc. Using the telephone directory to know the popularity of the president of the country is also an example of convenience sampling. + Judgment sampling or Purposive Sampling occurs when elements selected for the sample are chosen by the judgment of the researcher. Example, when a researcher is studying the activities of the retired employees of a certain company, judgment or purposive sampling is needed because what he needs are those t have retired as the subject of his study. Quota Sampling are similar to stratified sampling, except that in quota sampling, instead of randomly sampling from each stratum, the researcher uses a nonrandom. sampling method to gather data from one stratum until the desired quota of samples is filled. Example, suppose a researcher wants to stratify the population into owners of different types of cars. Here he will interview all car owners by Jooking into the quota for each brand, , Snowball Sampling. In snowball sampling, the subjects are done through referrals from other survey respondents. The researcher identifies a person who fits the profile of subjects wanted forthe study. The researcher, then asks this person the Primes and location of the others who would also fit the profile of the subjects wanted for the study. 7 EXERCISE 8 Sampling Methods Name Rating Course & Curriculum Year Date |. For the following research problems, determine what sampling method/s should be used. a. A city wide study of motels and hotels is being conducted b. A study of consumer’ attitude and behavior.

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