Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 150 views

    Mechanical Properties of Fluids: Brief Overview

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pandit
    The document discusses several key mechanical properties of fluids including: 1) Incompressibility, which is the property that a fluid's density remains constant regardless of pressure variations. 2) Non-viscosity, which is the property that two fluid surfaces in contact do not exert tangential forces on each other. 3) Fluid pressure, which acts perpendicular to any surface in the fluid and is determined using formulas relating pressure differences to vertical distance and acceleration. 4) Viscosity, which is the property of a fluid to oppose relative motion between layers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Mechanical Properties of Fluids: Brief Overview

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pandit
    150 views3 pages
    The document discusses several key mechanical properties of fluids including: 1) Incompressibility, which is the property that a fluid's density remains constant regardless of pressure variations. 2) Non-viscosity, which is the property that two fluid surfaces in contact do not exert tangential forces on each other. 3) Fluid pressure, which acts perpendicular to any surface in the fluid and is determined using formulas relating pressure differences to vertical distance and acceleration. 4) Viscosity, which is the property of a fluid to oppose relative motion between layers.

    Original Title

    Mechanical-Properties-of-Fluids

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses several key mechanical properties of fluids including: 1) Incompressibility, which is the property that a fluid's density remains constant regardless of pressure variations. 2) Non-viscosity, which is the property that two fluid surfaces in contact do not exert tangential forces on each other. 3) Fluid pressure, which acts perpendicular to any surface in the fluid and is determined using formulas relating pressure differences to vertical distance and acceleration. 4) Viscosity, which is the property of a fluid to oppose relative motion between layers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    150 views3 pages

    Mechanical Properties of Fluids: Brief Overview

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pandit
    The document discusses several key mechanical properties of fluids including: 1) Incompressibility, which is the property that a fluid's density remains constant regardless of pressure variations. 2) Non-viscosity, which is the property that two fluid surfaces in contact do not exert tangential forces on each other. 3) Fluid pressure, which acts perpendicular to any surface in the fluid and is determined using formulas relating pressure differences to vertical distance and acceleration. 4) Viscosity, which is the property of a fluid to oppose relative motion between layers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Mechanical Properties of Fluids

    Brief Overview
    All the substances in nature and otherwise, which flow, are known as fluids. And the
    study of the mechanical properties of fluids is known as Fluid Mechanics. However,
    before proceeding, there are 2 important concepts that you must be aware about:

    ● The density of fluids is independent of any pressure variation and remains


    constant. This property is known as incompressibility.
    ● Two-fluid surfaces in contact do not exert a tangential force on each other. This
    property is known as non-viscosity.

    Now that you have got a brief idea, let us understand the important mechanical
    properties of fluid in detail.

    Fluid Dynamics
    Fluid dynamics incorporate energy into the study of the mechanical properties of fluids.
    The type of flow in which the velocity of particles crossing a particular point is the same
    irrespective of time is known as steady flow. The path taken by particles is known as the
    line of flow.

    Surface Tension
    Surface tension is defined as the force per unit length in the plane of the liquid surface
    at right angles to either side of an imaginary line drawn on that surface. Surface energy
    is the work done over the surface of a liquid to increase its surface area.

    Waves Class 11 NotesPhysics Project for Class 12Physics Quiz


    Atmospheric Pressure
    Atmospheric pressure is the pressure of the earth’s atmosphere. The value generally
    taken is 1 bar or 1.013 x 105 Pa. Pressure above atmospheric pressure is termed as
    gauge pressure, while the total pressure is termed as the absolute pressure. A
    barometer is used to measure total pressure while a manometer is used to measure the
    gauge pressure. With its applications rooted across aviation and other sectors,
    understanding this mechanical property of the fluid is essential.

    Fluid Pressure
    It is the pressure at any point in the fluid and is defined as the normal force per unit
    area. The SI unit of pressure is Pascal. The pressure is a scalar quantity and has no
    direction of its own. It acts perpendicular to any surface in the fluid. The following are
    the rules governing the determination of pressure with respect to the mechanical
    properties of fluids:

    ● The pressure at two points at the same horizontal level in the fluid is the same if
    it is at rest or moving with a constant velocity.
    ● If the fluid is accelerating, the pressure difference between two points at different
    vertical levels is given by the formula:

    Where P1 = Pressure at Point 1, P2= Pressure at Point 2, l = distance between two


    points, and a = acceleration.

    Viscosity
    The property of a fluid by virtue of which it opposes relative motion between two layers
    is known as viscosity. Stokes’ Law states that when a solid moves through a medium, its
    motion is opposed by a viscous force depending on the velocity and shape and size of
    the body. This law is used extensively in studies of the mechanical properties of fluids.

    Modern PhysicsElectrochemical SeriesCurrent Electricity Notes


    Pascal’s Law
    Pascal’s Law is an important axiom in the study of the mechanical properties of fluids. It
    states that a change in the pressure applied to a closed fluid is transmitted
    undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the containing vessel. It is
    used in various industrial applications. Its formula is given as:

    F=PA
    Where F = Force, P = Pressure, and A = Area

    Archimedes’ Principle
    This is another important rule in the study of the mechanical properties of fluids. It states
    that when a body is partially or fully dipped in a fluid, the fluid exerts a contact force on
    the body which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. This force is
    known as the buoyant force. This force acts vertically against the weight of the body
    through the centre of gravity of the displaced liquid, known as the centre of buoyancy.

    Note The rules of flotation state that a body will float if its average density is less than
    that of the liquid. The centre of gravity of the body and the centre of buoyancy must be
    along the same straight line, while the weight of the liquid displaced by the immersed
    part of the body must be equal to the weight of the body.

    Bernoulli’s Theorem
    This is an essential theorem in the determination of the mechanical properties of fluids.
    It states that in the streamlined flow of an ideal fluid, the sum of pressure energy per
    unit volume, potential energy per unit volume, and kinetic energy per unit volume is
    always constant at all cross-sections of the liquid.

    Here, p = Fluid Pressure, v = Fluid Velocity, ρ = Fluid Density, and h = Container’s


    Height

    You might also like