Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

Quarter 1- Module 3

Society and Culture as a Complex Whole

Content Standards: The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

2. perspectives in/approaches to the study of culture and society (i.e., comparative,

historical, structural functional, interpretive, critical)

Performance Standards: The learners

2. demonstrate a holistic understanding of culture and society

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

*Explain the importance of cultural relativism in attaining cultural understanding

Learning competency: The learners:

2. describe society and culture as a complex whole UCSPC11DCS-Ic7

Learning Objectives:

Reference:

Module 3: It is known to all of us that society and culture are related. Culture
consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to the
members of a particular group or society. Sociologists define society as the people who
interact in such a way as to share a common culture. Studying this module will help
you realize how people interact as members in the society and shared it as complex as
a whole

Let the learning begin.

Pretest
Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer before each number.
1. This is learned, shared behavior, customs, and beliefs?
A. Food C. Culture
B. Kinship D. Ethnicity

2. Which of the following is considered as the norms in the society except;

A. Not wearing decent clothes in particular events or occasions
B. Cheating during exams or long quiz
C. The use of “po” and “opo” when answering/talking to the elderly.
D. The crime committed by criminals

3. Social norms and values are culturally determined rules to ____________

A. Guide the people regarding what is right and wrong
B. Avoid paying fines and penalties
 C. Lead us to popularity for being the talk of the town
D. Threat us to follow the rules even if it is against our will

4. The following are the norms being played by the students inside the classroom
except;
A. Attend classes regularly,
B. Interacting in the class discussions with the teachers.
C. Participates in group activities with other student
D. Cheat or use such material forbidden in the examinations

5. The Filipino subconsciously accepts the “bahala na” as part of life. This term
literally
means____
A. Whatever will be will be C. Come what may
B. To leave everything to God D. All of the above

6. Which of the following statement best explains of Filipino’s beliefs of “gulong ng

palad/wheel of fortune”.
A. Life is a series of ups and downs C. Indebtedness to love ones
B. Sharing of oneself to others D. Life is a game we play

7. Shouting inside the church during mass would be a violation of a ________

A. Folkway C. Customs
B. Moores D. Law

8. Its a conceptions that people accept as true about how the world operates and
where
individuals fit in it.
A. Values C. Beliefs
B. Norms D. Symbols

9. The type of color of blouse or shirts to wear in the funeral is an example of _____
aspect of culture
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

10. A. standard or pattern, especially of social behavior, that is typical or behaviors

appropriate of a group
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

11. Are general and shared perception of what is god, right appropriate and worth-
while and important with regard to modes of conduct
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

12. It is not acceptable to wear casual clothes in most fine dining establishments this
is an example of ____________
A. Patterns C. Beliefs
B. Laws D. Mores
13. A famous quotation that says “Men build too many walls and not enough bridges”
was popularized by ___________
A. Joseph Fort Newton C. Jacob Stravinsky
B. John Stalin D. Harry Louis Ford

14. The following are the three elements that constitute the Filipino value system
except.
A. Halaga C. Gawa
B. Asal D. Diwa

15. It is the evaluative aspect as to what Filipinos find most virtuous which constitute
self-worth, dignified relationship with others and compassion
A. Halaga C. Gawa
B. Asal D. Diwa

Pre-Test Answer:
1. C 9. D
2. D 10.B
3. A 11.A
4. D 12.D
5. D 13.A
6. A 14.C
7. A 15.A
8. C

What’s New
Directions: Explain a famous quotation from Joseph Fort Newton that says “Men
build too many walls and not enough bridges.”

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What Is It

Culture
Is a patterned way of life of people which comprises behavior, language,
tradition, beliefs, values, religion, laws, arts that is accustomed by a human being a
member of society.

It is also a cumulative transfer of total learned behaviour that is acquired by a

group of people and transmitted this knowledge from one generation to another
through social learning.

Four (4) Aspects of Culture as Complex Whole

BELIEFS – are ideas that people have a strong feeling or convictions of certainty of
something that may exist or will takes place to happen.

VALUES – Is a shared perception that defines standard of doing what is desirable and
not. This cultural element suggest people what to do with their actions that is
considered appropriate and worthwhile.

Three Elements that constitute the Filipino value system

1. Halaga – it is how we give importance to someone that may have its significant
impact of a person as it is a priceless possession. Halaga as aspect of Filipino value
constitute three principles
(1) Pagkatao or selfworth
(2) pakikipagkapwa-tao or noble action in relationship with others
(3) Pagkamaka-tao or compassion

2. Asal - It is a manifestation of one’s action or manners of treating other people. Asal

as aspect of Filipino value constitute three principles
(1) Kapwa or relational
(2) Damdamin or emotional
(3) Dangal or honor

3. Diwa – this denotes to the inner self o kalooban that resonates the intertwined
emotion and reasoning of a person.

NORMS - Is regarded as accepted standard behavior that is considered tolerable

action in the society.

Types of Norms
1. FOLKWAYS – these are norms that apply to routine matters like eating,
sleeping, appearance, posture, use of appliances and relations to various
people, animals and the environment.
Examples of Folkways:
 standing in line observing social distancing
 helping the elderly to cross the road
 hand shaking someone you know
 2. MORES – are norms and behaviors that is widely observed by a particular
members in the society or group.
Examples of Mores:
 It is not adequate to wear casual clothes in attending the wedding.
 It is expected to wear facemask in public places in times of pandemic.
 Stealing is considered unacceptable action

3. TABOO - a culture really forbids them, an activity that is prohibited for public
display and a motion that is unpleasant in the society.
Examples of Taboo:
 In many Jewish and Muslim communities, people are prohibited from
eating pork.

4. LAWS  are a formal body of rules ratified by the government system that are
created and regulate conduct.
Examples of Laws:
 Selling drugs, homicide, act of terrorism is punishable by law

5. SYMBOLS – It may represent a word, object, color, sound, feeling, movement

and taste to which people may have represent a meaning or value unto it.

What’s More
Direction: True or False. Analyze each statement. Write T If the statement is true but
if the statement is false write F. Write your answer on the space provided.

________1. Rising for the national anthem is an expected behaviour is an example of

mores.
________2. Wearing a rectangular black mourning pin is a common customary practice
by the Filipinos.
________3. One of folkways practice in the Philippines is eating using our barehand
________4. Value o halaga refers to kalooban o inner which in essence is
intertwined reason and emotion
________5. The act of terrorism is an example of Taboo.
________6. Social norms and values are culturally determined rules for us to avoid
paying fines and penalties
________7. Wearing of complete school uniform by a student inside the classroom
is considered a violation of norms in the school community.
________8. Wearing of a wedding ring is an example of a symbolic culture
________9. Holding the door to open for someone is an example of laws
________10. Values such as “Mano po” is an "honoring-gesture" used in Filipino as
a sign of respect for elders.

Answers:
1. T 6. F
2. T 7. T
3. T 8. T
4. F 9. F
5. F 10.T
What have I learned
Direction: In writing your reflection, you have to complete the sentence below.

I learned that________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

I realized that________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

If given a chance_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

What Can I do
Direction: Poster Making: In a Short size of Bond Paper, you make your own
interpretation of the theme “Society and culture as a complex whole”.

Rubric for Poster Making

Category 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Coverage of Details on the Details on the Details on Details on

the Topic poster capture the poster include the the
important important poster relate poster have
information about information but to the topic little or
the topic and the audience but are too nothing to do
increase the may need more general or with main
audience’s information to incomplete. topic.
understanding. understand fully The
audience
needs
more
information
to
understand.

Use of All graphics are All graphics are All graphics Graphics do
Graphics related to the related to the relate to not
topic and make topic and most the topic. relate to the
it easier to make it easier topic.
understand. to
 understand.
Organizatio Information is Information is Information The
n very organized organized with is information
with clear titles titles and organized, appears to
and subheadings. but titles be
subheadings. and disorganized.
subheading
s are
missing or
do not
help the
reader
understand.

Layout and All information Most of the Most of the Much of the
Design on the poster information on information information
is in focus the poster is on the on the
and can be in focus and poster is in poster is
easily viewed the content focus unclear or
and identified easily viewed and the too small.
from 6 ft. away. and identified content is
from 6 ft. easily
away. viewed and
identified
from 4 ft.
away.

Presentatio The presentation The presentation The The

n was the was the presentatio presentation
appropriate appropriate n was was too long
length. It did length but the or too
not seem seemed appropriate short. The
hurried or too slightly hurried length but presenter
slow. The or too slow. seemed did not
presenter spoke The very speak
clearly and presenter spoke hurried or clearly most
distinctly and clearly most of too slow. of the
established eye the time and The time and
contact with the established eye presenter established
audience. contact with spoke little eye
the clearly and contact with
audience. distinctly the
only some audience.
of the time
and/or
established
little eye
contact
with the
audience.
POST-TEST
Multiple Choice. Write the correct answer in your Notebook.

1. Shouting inside the church during mass would be a violation of a ________

A. Folkway C. Customs
B. Moores D. Law

2. Are general and shared perception of what is god, right appropriate and worth-
while and important with regard to modes of conduct
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

3. A. standard or pattern, especially of social behavior, that is typical or behaviors

appropriate of a group
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

4. Social norms and values are culturally determined rules to ____________

A. Guide the people regarding what is right and wrong
B. Avoid paying fines and penalties
C. Lead us to popularity for being the talk of the town
D. Threat us to follow the rules even if it is against our will

5. The following are the three elements that constitute the Filipino value system
except.
A. Halaga C. Gawa
B. Asal D. Diwa

6. The following are the norms being played by the students inside the classroom
except;
A. Attend classes regularly,
B. Interacting in the class discussions with the teachers.
C. Participates in group activities with other student
D. Cheat or use such material forbidden in the examinations

7. The Filipino subconsciously accepts the “bahala na” as part of life. This term
literally
means____
A. Whatever will be will be C. Come what may
B. To leave everything to God D. All of the above

8. Which of the following statement best explains of Filipino’s beliefs of “gulong ng

palad/wheel of fortune”.
A. Life is a series of ups and downs C. Indebtedness to love ones
B. Sharing of oneself to others D. Life is a game we play

9. This is learned, shared behavior, customs and beliefs?

A. Food C. Culture
 B. Kinship D. Ethnicity
10. Its a conceptions that people accept as true about how the world operates and
where
individuals fit in it.
A. Values C. Beliefs
B. Norms D. Symbols

11. Which of the following is considered as the norms in the society except;
A. Not wearing decent clothes in a particular events or occasions
B. Cheating during exams or long quiz
C. The use of “po” and “opo” when answering/talking to the elderly.
D. Crime committed by criminals

12. The type of color of blouse or shirts to wear in the funeral is an example of _____
aspect of culture
A. Values C. Belief
B. Norms D. Symbols

13. It is the evaluative aspect as to what Filipinos find most virtuous which constitute
self-worth, dignified relationship with others and compassion
A. Halaga C. Gawa
B. Asal D. Diwa

14. It is not acceptable to wear casual clothes in most fine dining establishments this
is an example of ____________
A. Patterns C. Beliefs
B. Laws D. Mores

15. A famous quotation that says “Men build too many walls and not enough bridges”
was popularized by ___________
A. Joseph Fort Newton C. Jacob Stravinsky
B. John Stalin D. Harry Louis Ford

Post-Test Answers
1. A 6. D 11. D
2. A 7. D 12. D
3. B 8. A 13. A
4. A 9. C 14. D
5. C 10. C 15. C