Grade

ManUel S. Enverga Academy FoUndation Inc.

7
(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

K-12 Basic Education Program

QUARTER
2
Learning Module

SCIENCE

MODULE NO.: Five ( 5 )

Biotic and Abiotic
Components of an Ecosystem

STUDENT’S NAME: ________________________________________________________

SECTION:______________________________

MRS. JEANNIE T. SALAYO MR. JOSE M. GIRON, JR.

Subject Teacher Principal

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 ManUel S. Enverga Academy FoUndation Inc.
(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

INTRODUCTION

In the previous lesson, ecosystem is one of the levels in the biological organization that is
composed of all communities in a certain area, including the non-living things. Thus, an ecosystem is a certain
place where interaction among living and non-living things occurs.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module, you are expected to do the followings:
1. Identify the components of an ecosystem.
2. Differentiate biotic from abiotic components of an ecosystem.
3. Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem

TIME NEEDED TO COMPLETE: 1 Week

EXPLORE
Picture Analysis

Image 1 Image 2

Base on the images above, can you describe their differences?

FIRM- UP
Ecology- is the study of the relationships between the following factors in the
environments.
1. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem. These are obtained
from the biosphere and are capable of reproduction.

Three ( 3 ) major groups:

a. Producers- living organisms that are capable of manufacturing their own food through
the process of photosynthesis or chemosynthesis ( autotrophs )

b. Consumer- organism that feed on producers and other consumers ( heterotrophs )

 Herbivores- the plant eaters such as cows, horses, goats etc.
 Carnivores- the flesh-eaters are those that feed only on other animals, which include
lions, snakes, etc.
 Omnivores- organism that feed on both plants and animals, such as humans,

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(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

c. Decomposers- ( saprotrophs ) such as bacteria and fungi that feed on dead organic
matter.

Refer on Academic Book on page 592 on Biotic Factors

2. Abiotic Factors- refer to non-living physical and chemical elements in the ecosystem.
Abiotic resources are usually obtained from the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.
The factors like water, air temperature, soil, light and salinity.

What are the importance of the abiotic factors to the ecosystem?

a. Light Energy- Sun is the Earth’s main source of light energy. It plays a big role in
the food-making process called photosynthesis.
b. Water- very important to all living things.
- The producers need it for making food.
- Animals need to drink water in order to survive.
- Humans use water for various activities.
c. Air- mixture of gases.
 nitrogen- most abundant gas; important component of many organic
molecules such as proteins.
 oxygen- all living things need oxygen for respiration
d. Soil- provides the substrate for the growth of some organisms such as plants.
- it also serves as water and mineral reservoir for it contains minerals,
nutrients and organic materials needed to support life.
e. Temperature- referring to coldness and hotness of an environment/
f. Limiting Factors- Affect the both factors; population growth of organism,
availability of food, water, shelter, competition among organisms, predation
and even diseases.

Refer on Academic book on Abiotic Factor on page 593-595

ACTIVITY 1: COMPARISON CHART

BIotic Abiotic
Definiton
Examples
Factors
Affects

DEEPEN
In ecology a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a
community have on each other. They can be either of the same species or of different species.

Types of ecological Interaction

1. Mutaulism- Beneficial to both the organism
e.g. Flower and butterfly

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(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

2. Commensalism- Beneficial to one and is neither beneficial

nor harmful to other.
e.g. mango tree and vanda

3. Parasitism- Beneficial to one and harmful to the other.

- The parasite depends on the host for nutrition
e.g. mango tree and loranthus

4. Predation- Beneficial to one but harmful to the other.

- Prey becomes the food of the predator.
e.g. deer and tiger

5. Competition- Harmful to both in the beginning.

- Then beneficial to the one who wins.
e.g. paddy and weeds

Refer on Academic Book on the different types of ecological interaction on page 597-599

ACTIVITY 2: Answer SCIxercise on Academic Book on page 595

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 ManUel S. Enverga Academy FoUndation Inc.
(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

POST- ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice. Read and analyze the questions. Write only the letter of the best
answer in the answer sheet provided on the last page.
1. The parts of the ecosystem that are currently living or that have once lived.
a. biotic factor b. abiotic factor
2. Which of the following lists has ONLY biotic factors?
a. snail, algae, guppy, sunlight
b. snail, guppy ((fish), Daphnea ( water flea ), algae
c. temperature, Daphnia, snail, guppy
d. temperature, pH, conductivity, nitrate concentration
3. Sun is what type of factor?
a. biotic factor b. abiotic factor
4. Bacteria is what type of factor?
a. biotic factor b. abiotic factor
5. What is an example of an abiotic factor?
a. panda c. Turtle
b. butterfly d. weather
6. Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers. The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as
they move from the flower to flower. This is an example of…
a. commensalism c. mutualism
b. parasitism d. predation
7. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment is….
a. niche c. community
b. ecology d. ecosystem
8. A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called….
a. mutualism c. commensalism
b. parasitism d. niche
9. Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefits…
a. competition c. mutualism
b. nitrogen fixation d. energy pyramid
10. A frog eats a fly. The frog and fly are demonstrating ____________.
a. mutualism c. competition
b. predator/prey d. parasitism

Printed Materials:

Strauss, E; Lisowski, M., (2019 ). Biology: The Web of Life. 2nd ed. Philippines: Pearson Education
Asia Pte Ltd.

Website:
https://www.slideshare.net/CarlajaneSarajena/abiotic-and-biotic-factors-ppt
https://www.slideshare.net/emneistadt/ecology-symbiotic-relationships

Prepared by: Calibrated by: Noted by:

Mrs. Jeannie T. Salayo Mrs. Anita I. Rodolfa Mr. Jose M. Giron, Jr.
Subject Teacher Science, Chairperson Principa l

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 ManUel S. Enverga Academy FoUndation Inc.
(Formerly Luzonian Academy)
Sampaloc, Quezon
(042) 555-8215

Answer Sheet ( SCIENCE 7-Quarter 2; Module 5: Biotic and Abiotic Factors )

Name: _________________________________ Section: ________________________________
ACTIVITY 1: COMPARISON CHART
BIotic Abiotic
Definiton

Examples

Factors

Affects

ACTIVITY 2: Answer SCIxercise on Academic Book on page 595

Predation: __________
Mutualism: __________
Competition: ________
Commensalism: ___________
Parasitism: ______________

Post- Assessment
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.