COSMETIC PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

LABORATORY ACTIVITY

Activity # 1
Title Shampoo Product “Blowsom”
Introduction Hair is an important part of the body appeal and its look is a health
indicator. Accordingly, recent advances in hair science and hair
care technologies have been reported in literature claiming
innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic
products. The treatment of hair and scalp, primarily, involved the
use of shampoo for an effective, but gentle cleansing; however, for
years, the shampoo is considered not only as a cosmetic product
having the purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for
maintaining the health and the beauty of hair, imparting gloss and
improving manageability.
For meeting the needs of a multitasking formulation, following also
the recent marketing-trend addressed to the "natural world", new
challenges for cosmetic technology are aimed towards the research
of natural ingredients, as well as new techniques for shampoo
formulation.
Shampoo is a basic hair care product representing the largest
segment of hair care cosmetics. Shampoo is typically in the form of
a viscous liquid with some exception of waterless solid form such as
a bar. Shampoo was developed to replace soap for cleansing scalp
and hair by removing unwanted sebum, dandruff, environmental
dust, and residues of hair care products. Most of the dirt including
sebum are water insoluble and cannot be effectively removed by
water alone. Therefore, a shampoo containing a combination of
surfactants is necessary. The content of surfactants in a shampoo
is typically between 10% and 20%. 
Objectives Objectives: At the end of the activity, the students should be able to:
1. Design own hair product
2. Create a formulation for a hypothetical shampoo product
3. Express creativity by creating own brand that will reflect on the
labelling and packaging of the shampoo product.
4. Apply proper labelling requirements as set by ASEAN
COSMETIC LABELING REQUIREMENTS
5. Design a promotional poster that will be used to advertise the
product.

Materials and Laptop

Equipment Mobile Phone
Internet Connection
Instructions 1. With your group conceptualize your own Cosmetic company
having your own brand and logo that will best represent your
product.
2. Research on the methods and ingredients in making a shampoo
product. You may refer to the ASEAN Cosmetic Ingredient Listing
for additional reading.
3. Come up with your own formulation for your shampoo product.
Submit the procedure and the ingredients that you decide to use.
 4. Design a label and choose and appropriate packaging that will
best suit your product. In labelling the product make sure you follow
the ASEAN COSMETIC LABELING REQUIREMENTS.
5. Make a promotional poster that you can use to advertise the
product. Upload the poster in our Facebook Group “PHARM 311
Cosmetic Product Development”.
Formulation
Ingredients Volume (ml) or % (w/w)
1. Water 13.80 %

2. Guar derivative (Guar 15.00

hydroxypropyltrimonium
chloride)

3. Thickener 0.5%
(Hydroxyethycellulose)

4. Disodium EDTA- IP 2%
Grade

5. Surfactant SLES 70 %

6. Coco amidopropyl 20 %
beataine

7. Cocomono ethalanamide 20 %

8. Ethyl gly mono stearate 1.5%

9. Ketoconazole 1%
(Mimosaceae plant)

10. Climbazole 0.45%

11. Triclosan 0.5%

12. Rosemary oil 0.1 ml

0.1 ml
13. Lemon oil

14. Peppermint oil 0.1 ml

0.1 ml
15. Tea tree oil

16. Geranium-Fragrance 0.20 %

17. Citric acid 1%

(monohydrate)- IP Grade

18. Sodium hydroxid (18%) - 0.5 (q.s. Neutralizer to pH 6.5)

IP Grade
 19. Sodium chloride- IP 0.01 g
Grade

Procedure Add the thickener in water phase and

stir for 30 minutes
Add the thickener in water phase and
stir for 30 minutes
1. Prepare all the ingredients and materials needed.
2. Make sure to disinfect the work place before starting.
3. Disinfect the materials needed to create the actual shampoo
product.
4. Wash hands thoroughly and use complete PPE.
5. After washing hands and wearing complete PPE, add the
thickener (15.00% hydroxyethycellulose and 2% Disodium
EDTA) in 13.80% water phase and stir for 30 minutes.
6. After mixing, add the surfactant (SLES 70%, 20% Coco
amidopropyl betaine, and 20% Cocomono athalanamide)
and emulsifier (Ethyl gly mono stearate 1.5%)
7. Heat the vessel up to 75 degree Celsius; and keep the mixer
for 30 minutes at 75 degree Celsius. After 30 minutes start
the cooling.
8. Add the antidandruff synthetic active (1% Ketoconazole,
0.45% Climbazole, and 0.5% Triclosan) and natural active
(0.1ml Rosemary oil, 0.1ml Lemon oil, 0.1ml Peppermint oil,
and 0.1ml Tea tree oil) at 35 degree Celsius.
9. Add the fragrance ( 0.20% Geranium) at 35 degree Celsius
10. Sodium chloride, citric acid and sodium hydroxide added and
adjust the required pH and viscosity of the product.

Note: Steps 1 to 4 are for the actual making of shampoo product.

Disregard and continue to step 5 for hypothetical shampoo product.

Conclusion Shampoo and conditioners are hair care products that have
become a part of people's daily grooming routines, and patients
with or without hair disorders commonly ask dermatologists about
them. Most people's hair is maintained and groomed on a daily
basis, and it is not uncommon to see people investing a significant
amount of time and money in hair care, which has resulted in a
thriving industry selling a wide range of hair care products to meet
the demand.

Post Lab 1. Why do you think it’s important to use hair care products? Having
Questions good-looking hair and skin is essential these days, since both are
an extension of our personalities. Those who begin to lose their hair
due to numerous reasons of hair loss recognize the worth of the
treasure sitting on our heads.

2. In your opinion, what qualities in a shampoo product would make

you want to buy the product? A shampoo with a quality that could
clean away the oil and dirt, rinse out easily, and leave my hair
shiny, manageable, and flexible.

3. What did you learn from this activity? Familiarity with available
 hair care products, as well as a basic understanding of the various
types of hair observed in individuals and the basic and practical
aspects regarding cosmetic shampoo.

Documentation
First Meeting was scheduled on May 30, 202. First meeting is just a
brainstorming and assigning responsibilities to each member. Asking
ideas and dividing tasks.

Editors: Diamano, Selorio

Label: Saycon, Ferarren
Procedure: Baldado,
Luberanes, Cenas
Uses: Quijano, Rendal,
Escabarte
Documentation: Zamora
Ingredients: Tuco, Diamante

Second meeting was

scheduled on June 6, 2021.
We were asking for updates
and what are still lacking in
the assigned tasks. We are
done with the formulation,
procedure, and introduction.
Decided to made poll for
product name, Company
name and manufacturer’s
name.
 Company
ProductName:
Name:Glow
Blowsom
Up
Company, Inc.

Manufacturer’s Name: Merediem Inc.

Basis of shampoo label Basis of shampoo container/bottle

 Labelling Details

Third was scheduled on June 7, 2021. We talked about Labelling and

poster making. Search and share ideas about how to do the
packaging and labelling as well as what information to put in our
poster

Product Label
 Information needed in the activity

Fourth meeting was on June 8, 2021. Sending of drafts, finished

tasks, and discussing suggestions. Revision of some area of activity
is needed like specifying the procedure and putting amount of the
ingredients to make the hypothetical shampoo product.

References ASEAN Cosmetic Labeling Requirements

ASEAN Cosmetic Ingredient Listing
Sawarkar, Sudhir (2018). Clinical Evaluation of Herbal Active
 Enriched Shampoo in Anti Dandruff Treatment. Retrieved June
6, 2021, from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334053191_Clinical_
Evaluation_of_Herbal_Active_Enriched_Shampoo_in_Anti_Da
ndruff_Treatment
Better Living Products USA. Adding Essential Oils to Your
Shampoo. Retrieved June 6, 2021, from
https://betterlivingproductsusa.com/blogs/the-organized-
bath/adding-essential-oils-to-your-shampoo
Gubitosa, Risi (2019). Hair Care Cosmetics: From Traditional
Shampoo to Solid Clay and Herbal Shampoo, A Review. Retrieved
from https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/1/13

Yang J. (2017). Hair Care Cosmetics retrieved from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/shampoo

Retrieved from:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/5ptmSkM8jnkCjRvR8x6
1xN2/how-do-i-get-rid-of-dandruff\

Retrieved from:
https://www.personalcaremagazine.com/formulation-
details/217/anti-dandruff-shampoo

Final Product
Poster
As a future community pharmacist owner of a drugstore, A clear strategy for
implementation of AMS, PDI and EPDMS programs shall be developed, such that as a
professional should be aware and enabled to comply with the hospital’s antibiotic policy,
guidelines. It shall be reviewed regularly and updated as needed. Provide training and
continuous education to staff of which this ensures that systems are in place for patient
education and counselling on how to correctly take their prescribed antimicrobials and
responsibly use antimicrobials. Additionally, to transfer of basic and advanced scientific
knowledge and skills on the proper use of antibiotics occurs at an early stage. Example: in
inpatient and outpatient settings must support prudent prescribing/use of antimicrobials by:
• Reviewing antimicrobial prescriptions for appropriateness and guideline compliance –
any concerns must be raised urgently with the clinicians caring for the patient.
• Requesting a stop/review date (duration) and an indication is recorded on the drug chart
Manual of Procedures for Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Hospitals
as part of every antimicrobial prescription.
• Provide patient counseling on appropriate antimicrobial administration and use.

On the other hand, regular monitoring of prices is needed to assess impact of pricing
policies and in deciding for subsequent actions to take. As a community pharmacist owner-
Improve data collection on prices and inventories of drugs, provide QUALITY (i.e. timely,
accurate, and reliable) data/information on prices and inventories of drugs and support the
thrust to lower down the prices of medicines will be implemented. Another is to engage and
encourage in referring customers for TB diagnosis and treatment without financial
reimbursement. Especially, feel more comfortable receiving DOTS from pharmacists.

 
An antimalarial drug used Class 1 Antiarrhythmic drug
1/1
a. Chloroquine
b. Quinidine
 
c. Quinacrine
d. Primaquine

 
What is the toxic metabolite found in Cantharantus roseus?
1/1
a. emodin
b. strychnine
c. morphine
d. vinblastine
 
 
Which of the following toxin/poison is found in stale peanuts?
1/1
a. Potassium bromate
b. Aflatoxin
 
c. Methionine Sulfoxime
d. Apitoxin

 
Toxin found in Morning glory
1/1
a. abrin
b. ergine
 
c. atropine
d. digitoxin

 
What is the active metabolite of “Ma Huang”?
1/1
a. Pilocarpine
b. Ephedrine
 
c. Physostigmine
d. Arecoline

 
V.T, a 56-year-old woman, was brought to the emergency department by
ambulance; she had grand mal seizures, hypotension, hyperthermia, and
respiratory depression. On arrival she was unconscious, unresponsive to deep
pain, with intermittent seizure activity and flaccid extremities between.
~seizures. Vital signs were as follows: temperature 41.8°.,13 (107 ° F) rectally,
blood pressure 65/34 mm Hg, heart rate 140 beats/min, respirations 8 per
minute; pulse oximetry registered 68% with oxygen administered by non
rebreather mask at a rate of 15 L/rain. During intubation a slight gag reflex was
noted. She had no rectal tone and no eye blink reflex. Her Glasgow Coma
Scale score was calculated to be 3. No signs of trauma were found, and no
history was available except that her daughter had told EMS personnel "my
mom does crack." What is the principal manifestation of the poison in this
case?
1/1
a. Fall of blood pressure and collapse
b. Abdominal pain
c. Dilated pupil
d. Convulsions and circulatory failure
 
 
Which of the following is correctly matched?I. Paralytic Shellfish - Saxitoxin II.
Amnesic Shellfish – Brevitoxin III. Diarrheic Shellfish - Yessotoxin IV.
Neurotoxic Shellfish – Domoic acid
0/1
a. I,II
b. I-III
 
c. I, III
d. I,IV

Correct answer
c. I, III

 
Treatment for anaphylaxis
1/1
a. Epinephrine
 
b. Coumarin
c. Protamine
d. sodium thiosulfate

 
Used to dilate coronary vessels and to reduce blood pressure
0/1
a. Nitrates and nitrites
 
b. Quinidine
c. coumarin
d. all of the above

Correct answer
d. all of the above

 
Management of Amytryptyline toxicity are the following except
1/1
a. giving of milk or egg
 
b. Maintaining BP by giving fluids
c. Monitoring of ECG
d. Mainatining respiration

 
It is a condition associated with Oxalic poisoning
1/1
a. Hypercalcemia
b. Hypocalcemia
 
c. Hypokalenia
d. Hypermagnesemia

 
What drug is best given to the patient having atrial and ventricular irregularities
that do not respond to Potassium therapy in digoxin toxicity
0/1
a. Atropine
b. Phenytoin
c. Procainamide
 
d. Quinidine

Correct answer
b. Phenytoin

 
Toxicity caused by Claviceps purpurea
1/1
a. Cinchonism
b. Ergotism
 
c. Anuria
d. nephrotoxicity

 
What toxin is found in sardines?
1/1
a. severine
b. venerupin toxin
 
c. Salmonella toxin
d. Saxitoxin

 
The principal manifestation of antihistamine poisoning
1/1
a. Convulsion and hepatic failure
b. Convulsion and hyperemia
c. Convulsion and circulatory failure
d. Convulsion and coma
 
 
What is the principal manifestation of caffeine?
1/1
a. Fall of blood pressure and collapse
 
b. Abdominal pain
c. Dilated pupil
d. Convulsions and circulatory failure

 
V.T, a 56-year-old woman, was brought to the emergency department by
ambulance; she had grand mal seizures, hypotension, hyperthermia, and
respiratory depression. On arrival she was unconscious, unresponsive to deep
pain, with intermittent seizure activity and flaccid extremities between.
~seizures. Vital signs were as follows: temperature 41.8°.,13 (107 ° F) rectally,
blood pressure 65/34 mm Hg, heart rate 140 beats/min, respirations 8 per
minute; pulse oximetry registered 68% with oxygen administered by non
rebreather mask at a rate of 15 L/rain. During intubation a slight gag reflex was
noted. She had no rectal tone and no eye blink reflex. Her Glasgow Coma
Scale score was calculated to be 3. No signs of trauma were found, and no
history was available except that her daughter had told EMS personnel "my
mom does crack." What is the mode of action of the poison in this case?
1/1
a. Inhibition of the activity of an enzyme (ATPase) that controls movement of calcium,
sodium, and potassium into heart muscle.
b. Inhibits sodium channel
c. Inhibition of neuronal uptake of catecholamines
 
d. Stimulation of respiratory center

 
How many ml of Ipecac is considered hazardous.
1/1
a. 2ml
b. 10ml
 
c. 9 ml
d. 8 ml

 
A 32-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints
of diplopia, followed by dyspnea, chest tightness, congestion, and dysphagia.
The patient was resuscitated and initial investigations were done. Within a few
hours of the admission, she started developing signs of respiratory failure. The
patient denied any ingestion of exotic food, shellfish, raw meat, or raw fish.
The patient also denied traveling to any exotic place or recent camping trips.
She had eaten nacho cheese from a gas station the day before the
appearance of the symptoms. The patient died eventually. What causes the
poisoning in the case presented above?
1/1
a. Clostridium perfringens
b. Clostridium botulinum
 
c. Clostridium tetani
d. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

 
What is the principal manifestation of methanol poisoning?
1/1
a. burning and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes
b. CNS Depression
c. visual disturbances and acidosis
 
d. gastric injury and lethargy

 
Mechanism of toxicity of acetaminophen
1/1
a. Formation of glutathione
b. Formation of NAPQI
 
c. Formation of salicylic acid
d. Alter platelet action

 
Symptoms of Tetrodotoxin poisoning, EXCEPT
1/1
a. lip and tongue parasthesia
b. salivation
c. seizure
 
d. diarrhea with abdominal pain

 
What is the antidote for beta blocker poisoning?
1/1
a. Glucagon
 
b. Potassium chloride
c. beta agonist
d. atropine

 
The fatal dose of camphor
1/1
a. 1g for 1 year old child
 
b. 5g for 1 year old child
c. 8 g for 1 year old child
d. 10g for 1 year old child

 
It is an aromatic hydrocarbon that do not possess the myelotoxin properties of
benzene nor has it been associated with leukemia. It is a CNS depressant.
1/1
a. Toluene
 
b. benzene
c. alcohol
d. ethylene glycol

 
Which of the following toxin/poison is found in pandesal?
1/1
a. Potassium bromate
 
b. Aflatoxin
c. Methionine Sulfoxime
d. Apitoxin

 
Toxin found in paralytic Shellfish poisoning
1/1
a. domoic acid
b. saxitoxin
 
c. Yessotoxin
d. Venerupin toxin

 
A 28-y-old man was admitted 2 h after ingestion of an unknown substance. He
had a Glasgow Coma Score of 14/15 and was severely agitated and in mild
respiratory distress; blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg, pulse 110/min, and
peripheral pulses weak. He had generalized hyperactive reflexes and had
several generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in the emergency department. All
his muscles contract simultaneously. It was later found out that he ingested
food treated with rodenticide. What is the principal manifestation of the above
poisoning?
1/1
a. respiratory distress
b. hypotension
c. coma
d. convulsion
 
 
Isoniazid poisoning can cause deficiency in what vitamin?
1/1
a. Vitamin B12
b. Vitamin B3
c. Vitamin B6
 
d. Vitamin B1

 
Also known as wood alcohol
1/1
a. methyl alcohol
 
b. Ethylene glycol
c. Ethyl alcohol
d. Isopropyl alcohol

 
Local antidote for phenol and derivatives
1/1
a. vegetable oil
b. castor oil
c. baby oil
d. both a & b
 
 
A healthy 9-month-old girl with Romanian mother and Portuguese father was
brought to her local hospital ED because of a history of cough, stridor, and
breathing difficulty. She had experienced multiple episodes of vomiting in the
preceding 24 h and an isolated temperature elevation of 37.5 °C that
responded to ibuprofen given by the mother. On PICU admission, the girl had
Kussmaul breathing, tachycardia (205 pm), irritability, and fever (38.5 °C). The
parents denied any possibility of accidental or intentional toxic ingestion. We
proceeded to provide fluids and bicarbonate replacement. Blood gases
measured in the PICU were pH 7.37(Normal pH range: 7.35–7.45), pCO2 13.6
mmHg (Normal range: PaCO2 35–45 mmHg), bicarbonate 11.1 mmol/l,
chlorine 129 mmol/l, base excess (BE) − 17.5 mmol/l, AG 27 mmol/l, and
lactate 36 mg/dl. Given the elevated lactate levels, along with the persistent
hyperthermia (39 °C), lack of response to antipyretics, and sinus tachycardia
(210 bpm), a fluid bolus was given and antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone) started.
Laboratory results showed no signs of infection.Urinalysis revealed acidic
urine (pH 5), glycosuria (67 mg/dl; normal range < 15), and ketonuria (150
mg/dl). At first, capillary glycemia was normal (106 mg/dl), but she had
ketonemia (4.5 mg/dl). After some hours, glycemia increased to 225 mg/dl,
and therapy with fluid infusion plus intravenous insulin was started. What
causes the poisoning in the case presented above?
0/1
a. Cocaine
 
b. Salicylates
c. Diphenhydramine
d. Digitalis

Correct answer
b. Salicylates

 
A healthy 9-month-old girl with Romanian mother and Portuguese father was
brought to her local hospital ED because of a history of cough, stridor, and
breathing difficulty. She had experienced multiple episodes of vomiting in the
preceding 24 h and an isolated temperature elevation of 37.5 °C that
responded to ibuprofen given by the mother. On PICU admission, the girl had
Kussmaul breathing, tachycardia (205 pm), irritability, and fever (38.5 °C). The
parents denied any possibility of accidental or intentional toxic ingestion. We
proceeded to provide fluids and bicarbonate replacement. Blood gases
measured in the PICU were pH 7.37(Normal pH range: 7.35–7.45), pCO2 13.6
mmHg (Normal range: PaCO2 35–45 mmHg), bicarbonate 11.1 mmol/l,
chlorine 129 mmol/l, base excess (BE) − 17.5 mmol/l, AG 27 mmol/l, and
lactate 36 mg/dl. Given the elevated lactate levels, along with the persistent
hyperthermia (39 °C), lack of response to antipyretics, and sinus tachycardia
(210 bpm), a fluid bolus was given and antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone) started.
Laboratory results showed no signs of infection.Urinalysis revealed acidic
urine (pH 5), glycosuria (67 mg/dl; normal range < 15), and ketonuria (150
mg/dl). At first, capillary glycemia was normal (106 mg/dl), but she had
ketonemia (4.5 mg/dl). After some hours, glycemia increased to 225 mg/dl,
and therapy with fluid infusion plus intravenous insulin was started. What drug
or substance will you give to treat the symptoms caused by the elevation of
pCO2?
1/1
a. Propranolol
b. KCl
c. Acetic acid
d. Sodium bicarbonate
 
Option 1

 
What is the toxin found in Poison Hemlock?
1/1
a. abrin
b. emetine
c. coniine
 
d. arecoline

 
What is the systemic antidote for strychnine?
1/1
a. milk
b. water
c. barbiturates
 
d. EDTA

 
What is used as a treatment for magnesium sulphate poisoning?
1/1
a. Calcium gluconate
 
b. Amyl nitrate
c. Sodium sulphate
d. Ammonium chloride

 
What is the toxic metabolite found in Peruvian bark
1/1
a. Emetine
b. Quinine
 
c. strychnine
d. ergonovine

 
Which of the following chemicals belong to Anionic detergents?
0/1
a. Potassium lauryl sulfate
b. Sodium aryl alkyl chloride
 
c. Trisodium sulfate
d. Dioctyl sodium sulfoccinate

Correct answer
d. Dioctyl sodium sulfoccinate

 
What drug will be given to patient experiencing convulsions caused by
Isoniazid?
0/1
a. Diazepam
b. Phenytoin
c. Propranolol
 
d. a and b

Correct answer
d. a and b

 
Percentage range of NaClO in H2O are present in bleaching solution
1/1
a. 8-10%
b. 2-4%
c. 3-6%
 
d. a & b

 
What do you call the bacteria carried by the reptiles
1/1
a. salmonella
 
b. E. coli
c. Staphyloccocus aureus
d. none of the above

 
Treatment of Pulmonary edema caused by Zinc fume poisoning.
1/1
a. sodium thiosulfate
b. antibiotics
c. antihistamine
d. prednisone or costicosteroid
 
 
What is the principal manifestation of sulfonamide poisoning?
0/1
a. urticaria
 
b. proteinuria
c. hematuria
d. all of the above
Correct answer
c. hematuria

 
Antidote of penicillin that will reverse delayed penicillin reactions
1/1
a. kinase
b. Penicilline kinase
c. Penicillinase
 
d. Beta lactam

 
What will you give for hypertensive reactions in cocaine poisoning?
1/1
a. Propanolol
b. Phentolamine
 
c. Phytonadione
d. paracetamol

 
What is the principal manifestation of hydrocarbon poisoning?
1/1
a. pulmonary irritation and CNS depression
 
b. nausea & vomiting
c. cyanosis
d. gastric irritation or other costecoric

 
What antidote will you give if the patient is experiencing Diltiazem toxicity?
1/1
a. Sodium bicarbonate
b. KCl
c. Calcium gluconate
 
d. Glucagon

 
It is a compound that enhance the conversion of formate to carbon dioxide and
water
1/1
a. Acetylcysteine
b. Atropine
c. Folic acid
 
d. ethanol

 
Which of the following toxin/poison is found in wheat flour?
1/1
a. Potassium bromate
b. Aflatoxin
c. Methionine Sulfoxime
 
d. Apitoxin

 
Which statement is/are true about antivenom? I. they are recommended only if
there is significant toxicity or a high risk of toxicity II. Antivenom is made by
collecting venom from the relevant animal and injecting small amounts of it into
a domestic animal III. Antivenoms bind to and neutralize the venom, halting
further damage and reverse the damage the venom has done IV. Antivenin
works in every kind of venom needles of what specific venom you are
poisoned with.
1/1
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I and II
 
d. I, II, III, and IV

 
What is the antidote for acetaminophen poisoning?
1/1
a. aspirin
b. N-acetylcysteine
 
c. caffeine
d. N-cysteine

 
Toxicity of Captopril results to
1/1
a. hypotension
 
b. hypertension
c. nausea and vomiting
d. diarrhea

 
What is the principal manifestation of the poison in number 12?
1/1
a. Fall of blood pressure and collapse
b. Abdominal pain
c. Dilated pupil
d. Convulsions and circulatory failure
 
 
Why is emesis not advisable for antihistaminic poisoning?
1/1
a. Risk of abrupt onset of seizures and coma
 
b. Risk of respiratory failure
c. Risk of delayed recognition and impaired mental activity
d. Risk for multiple organ failure

 
The following are the sources of atropine except: I. Deadly nightshade II.
Atropa belladonna III. Claviceps purpurea
0/1
a. I only
b. I,II
 
c. III
d. I - III

Correct answer
c. III

 
A 32-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints
of diplopia, followed by dyspnea, chest tightness, congestion, and dysphagia.
The patient was resuscitated and initial investigations were done. Within a few
hours of the admission, she started developing signs of respiratory failure. The
patient denied any ingestion of exotic food, shellfish, raw meat, or raw fish.
The patient also denied traveling to any exotic place or recent camping trips.
She had eaten nacho cheese from a gas station the day before the
appearance of the symptoms. The patient died eventually. The causative
agent in the above case will cause what type of paralysis?
1/1
a. Flaccid paralysis
 
b. Spastic paralysis
c. Quadriplegia
d. Tetraplegia

 
Used to dilate coronary vessels and to reduce blood pressure
1/1
a. nitrates and nitrites
 
b. quinidine
c. coumarin
d. iodine
 
A 32-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints
of diplopia, followed by dyspnea, chest tightness, congestion, and dysphagia.
The patient was resuscitated and initial investigations were done. Within a few
hours of the admission, she started developing signs of respiratory failure. The
patient denied any ingestion of exotic food, shellfish, raw meat, or raw fish.
The patient also denied traveling to any exotic place or recent camping trips.
She had eaten nacho cheese from a gas station the day before the
appearance of the symptoms. The patient died eventually. What is the
mechanism of toxicity of the poison or the causative agent of this case?
1/1
a. It acts by binding presynaptically to high-affinity recognition sites on the cholinergic
nerve terminals and decreasing the release of acetylcholine, causing a neuromuscular
blocking effect.
 
b. It blocks the release of the inhibitory amino acid transmitters gamma-aminobutyric
acid (GABA) and glycine, leading ultimately to a spastic form of paralysis.
c. Inhibits calcium channel
d. Inhibits sodium channel

 
V.T, a 56-year-old woman, was brought to the emergency department by
ambulance; she had grand mal seizures, hypotension, hyperthermia, and
respiratory depression. On arrival she was unconscious, unresponsive to deep
pain, with intermittent seizure activity and flaccid extremities between.
~seizures. Vital signs were as follows: temperature 41.8°.,13 (107 ° F) rectally,
blood pressure 65/34 mm Hg, heart rate 140 beats/min, respirations 8 per
minute; pulse oximetry registered 68% with oxygen administered by non
rebreather mask at a rate of 15 L/rain. During intubation a slight gag reflex was
noted. She had no rectal tone and no eye blink reflex. Her Glasgow Coma
Scale score was calculated to be 3. No signs of trauma were found, and no
history was available except that her daughter had told EMS personnel "my
mom does crack." What causes the poisoning in the case presented above?
1/1
a. Cocaine
 
b. Salicylates
c. Lidocaine
d. Digitalis

 
Which of the following plant is the source of emetine?
1/1
a. Ephedra sinica
b. Cephaeles ipecacuanha
 
c. Jatropha curcas
d. Areca catechu

 
It is an antidote for cyanide poisoning
1/1
a. dimercaprol
b. sodium thiosulfate
 
c. gastrice lavage
d. succimer

 
A 28-y-old man was admitted 2 h after ingestion of an unknown substance. He
had a Glasgow Coma Score of 14/15 and was severely agitated and in mild
respiratory distress; blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg, pulse 110/min, and
peripheral pulses weak. He had generalized hyperactive reflexes and had
several generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in the emergency department. All
his muscles contract simultaneously. It was later found out that he ingested
food treated with rodenticide. What is the antidote the poison in this case?
0/1
a. Calcium gluconate
 
b. Physostigmine
c. Atropine
d. Barbiturates

Correct answer
d. Barbiturates

 
Kerosines, paint thinner, mineral oil and petroleum ether are examples of
1/1
a. Corrosives
b. ethyl aldohol
c. ethers
d. hydrocarbon
 
 
A uteroslective alkaloid that prevents postpartum bleeding when at average
dose
0/1
a. Lysergic-acid
 
b. Ergonovine
c. bromocriptine
d. all of the above

Correct answer
b. Ergonovine

 
Mechanism of toxicity of colchicine
1/1
a. binding of intracellular protein tubulin
b. disrupting the micro tubular network
c. both a & b
 
d. none of the above

 
Also known as “Boriring”
1/1
a. Tuna
b. sardines
c. puffer fish
 
d. salmon

 
Specific poison present in Cannabis indica.
1/1
a. cannabinol
b. beta-tetracannabinol
c. alpha-tetracannabinol
 
d. cannabinol indica

 
A 28-y-old man was admitted 2 h after ingestion of an unknown substance. He
had a Glasgow Coma Score of 14/15 and was severely agitated and in mild
respiratory distress; blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg, pulse 110/min, and
peripheral pulses weak. He had generalized hyperactive reflexes and had
several generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in the emergency department. All
his muscles contract simultaneously. It was later found out that he ingested
food treated with rodenticide. What is the cause of poisoning?
1/1
a. Amitryptyline
b. Nifedipine
c. Strychnine
 
d. Imipramine

 
A patient was rushed to the hospital after eating tuna sushi from a Japanese
restaurant. What is the poison or toxin present in tuna?
1/1
a. Tetrodotoxin
b. Scombroid
c. Ciguatoxin
d. Severine
 
 
A 32-year-old female presented to the emergency department with complaints
of diplopia, followed by dyspnea, chest tightness, congestion, and dysphagia.
The patient was resuscitated and initial investigations were done. Within a few
hours of the admission, she started developing signs of respiratory failure. The
patient denied any ingestion of exotic food, shellfish, raw meat, or raw fish.
The patient also denied traveling to any exotic place or recent camping trips.
She had eaten nacho cheese from a gas station the day before the
appearance of the symptoms. The patient died eventually. What symptom of
poisoning causes the death of the patient?
0/1
a. Paralysis
 
b. Dysphagia
c. Respiratory failure
d. Diplopia

Correct answer
c. Respiratory failure

 
It is a primary antidote for methanol poisoning.
1/1
a. Disulfiram
b. Dimercaprol
c. Ethanol
 
d. sodium thiosulfate

 
What do you call that poison/toxin found in Castor oil?
1/1
a. Ricin
 
b. Riccin
c. Casein
d. caffeine

 
How will you control convulsions in cocaine poisoning?
0/1
a. Maintain airway and respiration
b. Give propanolol
c. Induce emesis
d. Perform gastric lavage
 
Correct answer
b. Give propanolol

 
The following are toxins found in fishes except
1/1
a.. Scombroid toxin
b. Ciguatoxin
c. Severine
d. Bufotoxin
 
 
A healthy 9-month-old girl with Romanian mother and Portuguese father was
brought to her local hospital ED because of a history of cough, stridor, and
breathing difficulty. She had experienced multiple episodes of vomiting in the
preceding 24 h and an isolated temperature elevation of 37.5 °C that
responded to ibuprofen given by the mother. On PICU admission, the girl had
Kussmaul breathing, tachycardia (205 pm), irritability, and fever (38.5 °C). The
parents denied any possibility of accidental or intentional toxic ingestion. We
proceeded to provide fluids and bicarbonate replacement. Blood gases
measured in the PICU were pH 7.37(Normal pH range: 7.35–7.45), pCO2 13.6
mmHg (Normal range: PaCO2 35–45 mmHg), bicarbonate 11.1 mmol/l,
chlorine 129 mmol/l, base excess (BE) − 17.5 mmol/l, AG 27 mmol/l, and
lactate 36 mg/dl. Given the elevated lactate levels, along with the persistent
hyperthermia (39 °C), lack of response to antipyretics, and sinus tachycardia
(210 bpm), a fluid bolus was given and antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone) started.
Laboratory results showed no signs of infection.Urinalysis revealed acidic
urine (pH 5), glycosuria (67 mg/dl; normal range < 15), and ketonuria (150
mg/dl). At first, capillary glycemia was normal (106 mg/dl), but she had
ketonemia (4.5 mg/dl). After some hours, glycemia increased to 225 mg/dl,
and therapy with fluid infusion plus intravenous insulin was started. What will
be the condition of the patient having the value of pCO2 13.6 mmHg?
0/1
a. Respiratory alkalosis
b. Respiratory acidosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
 
Correct answer
a. Respiratory alkalosis
 
What is the antidote for isoniazid?
1/1
a. Pyridoxine
 
b. Calcium gluconate
c. Magnesium sulfate
d. Chlorpromazine

 
The toxin responsible for neurotoxic shellfish poisoning?
0/1
a. Brevetoxin
b. Okalaic acid Donophysis toxin
c. Ciguatoxin
 
d. Yessa toxin

Correct answer
a. Brevetoxin

 
What is the principal manifestation of arsenic poisoning?
1/1
a. Corrosion
b. Pulmonary irritation
c. Gastrointestinal disturbances
 
d. CNS depression
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