CH 04

CHAPTER 4: ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING AND MANAGEMENT
Multiple Choice
a 1. Activity-based costing
a. requires the identification of cost drivers.
b. is used only in JIT operations.
c. applies only to discretionary fixed costs.
d. does not help to identify activities as value-adding or non-value-adding.
a 2. A company using activity-based costing

a. tries to identify cost drivers.
b. allocates all costs to individual products.
c. looks for the activity with which total costs are most closely associated.
d. is probably using the JIT philosophy.
a 3. Machine setups is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

a. Batch
b. Facility-sustaining
c. Product-sustaining
d. Unit
d 4. Machine hours is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
b 5. Landscaping is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
d 6. Material cost is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
c 7. The activities that drive resource requirements are called the

a. activity drivers
b. cost objects
c. resource drivers
d. sustaining activities
34
b 8. The resource utilized by a given product divided by the total amount of the resource available is called the
a. activity driver
b. consumption ratio
c. cost object
d. sustaining activity
c 9. The segment for which you are estimating the cost is called the
a. activity driver
b. consumption ratio
c. cost object
d. sustaining activity
a 10. A tool that focuses on manufacturing processes and seeks to reduce or optimize the activities performed within
the process is
a. process value analysis
b. re-engineering
c. caveat analysis
d. benchmarking
d 11. A tool that compares how tasks are performed internally with the best practices of industry leaders is
b. re-engineering
c. caveat analysis
d. benchmarking
b 12. An approach to developing new ways to perform existing activities is called

b. re-engineering
c. caveat analysis
d. benchmarking
c 13. Which of the following statements is true?

a. The traditional approach to costing uses many different cost drivers.
b. Costs that are indirect to products are by definition traceable to directly to products.
c. Costs that are indirect to products are traceable to some activity.
d. All of the above statements are true.
a 14. Which of the following is NOT a sign of poor cost data?

a. Competitors' prices for high-volume products appear much too high.
b. The company seems to have a highly profitable niche all to itself.
c. Customers don't balk at price increases for low-volume products.
d. Competitors' prices for low-volume products appear much too high.
d 15. Which of the following is a sign of poor cost data?

a. Competitors' prices for high-volume products appear much too high.
b. The company seems to have a highly profitable niche all to itself.
c. Customers don't balk at price increases for low-volume products.
d. All of the statements are true.
35
a 16. Number of purchase orders is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.
a. Batch
d. Unit
d 17. Direct labor hours is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
b 18. Property taxes on the plant is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
d 19. Production volume is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

a. Batch
d. Unit
d 20. ____________ are those performed each time a unit is produced or sold.
a. Batch-level activities
b. Facility-sustaining activities
c. Sustaining activities
d. Unit-level activities
a 21. ____________ are those that a company performs when it makes a group of units.
b 22. ____________ relate to an entire plant as a whole.

c 23. ____________ arise because a company maintains a particular product or service.

d 24. Which of the following is not a type of sustaining activity?

a. Capacity-sustaining
b. Customer-sustaining
c. Distribution-channel sustaining
d. Unit-sustaining
a 25. Which of the following is true regarding activity-based management?

a. ABM is using information about activities to manage portions of the organization other than costs.
36
b. ABM is applying ABC to external financial reporting.
c. ABM requires the use of re-engineering principles.
d. All of the above are true.
a 26. The quality costs that are incurred to determine whether particular units of product meet quality standards
are
a. appraisal costs.
b. external failure costs.
c. internal failure costs.
d. prevention costs.
c 27. The cost of downtime on machines while rework is being performed is a(n)
a. appraisal cost.
b. external failure cost.
c. internal failure cost.
d. prevention cost.
b 28. The cost of processing customer complaints is a(n)

a. appraisal cost.
d. prevention cost.
d 29. Worker training is a(n)

a. appraisal cost.
d. prevention cost.
b 30. The cost to repair a unit of product that fails after it is sold is a(n)
a. appraisal cost.
d. prevention cost.
b 31. Genco manufactures two versions of a product. Production and cost information show the following:
Model A Model B
Units produced 200 400
Material moves (total) 20 80
Direct labor hours per unit 1 2
Material handling costs total $200,000. Under ABC, the material handling costs allocated to each unit of Model
A would be:
a. $10
b. $200
c. $333
d. Some other number
37
c 32. Genco manufactures two versions of a product. Production and cost information show the following:
Model A Model B
Material handling costs total $200,000. Under ABC, the material handling costs allocated to each unit of Model
B would be:
a. $200
b. $333
c. $400
a 33. Genco manufactures two versions of a product. Production and cost information show the following:
Model A Model B
Material handling costs total $200,000. Direct labor hours are used to allocate overhead costs. The material
handling costs allocated to each unit of Model A would be:
a. $143
b. $200
c. $333
b 34. Cadott Manufacturing produces three products. Production and cost information show the following:
Model X Model Y Model Z

Units produced 1,000 3,000 6,000
Direct labor hours 2,000 1,000 2,000
Number of inspections 20 30 50
Inspection costs totaled $100,000. Using ABC, inspections costs allocated to each unit of Model X would be
a. $10.00
b. $20.00
c. $40.00
38

Inspection costs totaled $100,000. Using ABC, inspections costs allocated to each unit of Model Y would be
a. $ 6.67
b. $10.00
c. $20.00

Inspection costs totaled $100,000. Using ABC, inspections costs allocated to each unit of Model Z would be
a. $ 6.67
b. $ 8.33
c. $10.00
c 37. Cadott Manufacturing produces three products. Production and cost information show the following:

Inspection costs totaled $100,000. Using direct labor hours as the allocation base, inspections costs allocated to
each unit of Model X would be
a. $10.00
b. $20.00
c. $40.00
39
a 38. Cadott Manufacturing produces three products. Production and cost information show the following:

Inspection costs totaled $100,000. . Using direct labor hours as the allocation base, inspections costs allocated to
each unit of Model Y would be
a. $6.67
b. $10.00
c. $20.00
a 39. Cadott Manufacturing produces three products. Production and cost information show the following:

Inspection costs totaled $100,000. Using direct labor hours as the allocation base, inspections costs allocated to
each unit of Model Z would be
a. $6.67
b. $8.33
c. $10.00
b 40. Superior Inc. produces three products. Production and cost information is as follows:
Model Q Model R Model S

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
Number of setups 100 150 250
The consumption ratios for number of setups would be:

Q R S
a. 40%-20%-40%
b. 20%-30%-50%
c. 10%-30%-60%
d. Some other numbers
40
c 41. Superior Inc. produces three products. Production and cost information is as follows:

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
The consumption ratios based on units produced would be:

Q R S
a. 40%-20%-40%
b. 20%-30%-50%
c. 10%-30%-60%
a 42. Superior Inc. produces three products. Production and cost information is as follows:

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
The consumption ratios for direct labor hours would be:

Q R S
a. 40%-20%-40%
b. 20%-30%-50%
c. 10%-30%-60%
c 43. Waupaca Company produces three products with the following production and cost information:
Model A Model B Model C

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
Direct labor hours (total) 4,000 2,000 4,000
Number of shipments 200 225 275
Engineering change orders 15 10 5
Overhead costs include setups $90,000; shipping costs $140,000; and engineering costs $180,000. What would
be the per unit overhead cost for Model A if direct labor hours were the allocation base?
a. $20.50
b. $41.00
c. $82.00
41
b 44. Waupaca Company produces three products with the following production and cost information:

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
be the per unit overhead cost for Model A if activity-based costing were used?
a. $20.50
b. $74.00
c. $82.00
a 45. Waupaca Company produces three products with the following production and cost information:

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
be the per unit overhead cost for Model B if activity-based costing were used?
a. $22.00
b. $66.00
c. $123.00
a 46. Waupaca Company produces three products with the following production and cost information:

Units produced 2,000 6,000 12,000
be the per unit overhead cost for Model C if activity-based costing were used?
a. $10.83
b. $32.50
c. $245.28
42
c 47. Kimball Company produces two products in a single factory. The following production and cost information
has been determined:
Model 1 Model 2
Units produced 1,000 200
Testing time (total) 250 125
The controller has determined total overhead to be $480,000. $120,000 relates to material moves; $150,000
relates to testing; the remainder is related to labor time.
If Kimball uses direct labor hours to allocate overhead to each model, what would overhead per unit be for
Model 1?
a. $10.00
b. $120.00
c. $240.00
d. $400.00
b 48. Kimball Company produces two products in a single factory. The following production and cost information
Model 1 Model 2
If Kimball uses activity-based costing to allocate overhead to each model, what would overhead per unit be for
Model 1?
a. $400.00
b. $295.00
c. $240.00
d. $120.00
43
d 49. Kimball Company produces two products in a single factory. The following production and cost information
Model 1 Model 2
If Kimball uses direct labor hours to allocate overhead to each model, what would overhead per unit be for
Model 2?
a. $158.33
b. $400.00
c. $950.00
d. $1,200.00
c 50. Kimball Company produces two products in a single factory. The following production and cost information
Model 1 Model 2
If Kimball uses activity-based costing to allocate overhead to each model, what would overhead per unit be for
Model 2?
a. $158.33
b. $415.93
c. $925.00
True-False
F 1. ABC can only be used in a company that produces a single product.
F 2. A company that uses only volume-based measures will overcost its low-volume products.
T 3. ABC will be most useful in estimating fixed costs.
T 4. Two major influences on costs are complexity and diversity.
T 5. Volume-based measures will tend to overcost high volume products.
F 6. Activities that drive resource requirements are known as activity drivers.
F 7. ABC is required for GAAP financial reporting.
F 8. ABC will benefit a JIT operation more than a non-JIT operation.
44
F 9. External failure costs are made up solely of opportunity costs.
F 10. The acceptable quality level is the point where internal failure costs are minimized.
Problems
1. Scottso Enterprises incurs $300,000 in manufacturing overhead costs each month. The company has been
allocating overhead to individual product lines based on direct labor hours.
Amount Amount of
Cost driver In Pool Activity
----------- -------- ---------
Direct labor hours $100,000 15,000
Number of batches 150,000 200
Design changes 50,000 125
--------
Total overhead costs $300,000
========
Two products have the following characteristics:
Product X Product Y
--------- ---------
Direct labor hours 1,000 400
Number of batches 10 20
Design changes 1 15
a. Determine the overhead to be allocated to each product using direct labor hours as the only cost driver.
b. Determine the overhead to be allocated to each product using the three drivers identified.
SOLUTION:
a. Product X: $12,000 [1,000 x ($300,000/15,000)]

Product Y: $ 4,800 [400 x ($300,000/15,000)]
45
b. Product X: $11,900; Product Y: $22,600
Amount Amount of
Cost driver In Pool Activity Rate
----------- -------- --------- --------
Direct labor hours $100,000 25,000 $ 4.00
Number of batches 150,000 200 750.00
Design changes 50,000 125 400.00
Product X Product Y
--------- ---------
Direct labor hours, $4,000 $1,600
Number of batches 7,500 15,000
Design changes 400 6,000
------ ------
$11,900 $22,600
2. Lewis Company has two major segments with the following information:
Upstate Downstate Total_

Annual revenue $200,000 $600,000 $800,000
Annual salesperson salaries $30,000 $45,000 $75,000
Number of customers 50 75 125
Miles driven 80,000 40,000
The business also has overhead costs as follows:
Cost pool Cost in pool Cost driver__________

Travel $ 36,000 miles driven
Entertainment 144,000 number of customers
Administrative 150,000 salaries
--------
Total $330,000
a. Allocate the overhead costs to the segments based on sales revenue.

b. Determine the income of each segment.
c. Allocate the overhead costs to the segments using ABC.
d. Determine the income of each segment under ABC.
SOLUTION:
a. Upstate: $82,500 [$330,000 x ($200,000/$800,000)]

Downstate: $247,500 [$330,000 x ($600,000/$800,000)]
b. Upstate: $87,500 [$200,000 - $30,000 - $82,500]

Downstate: $307,500 [$600,000 - $45,000 - $247,500]
46
c. & d.
Upstate Downstate Total_
Annual revenue $200,000 $600,000 $800,000
Annual salesperson salaries 30,000 45,000 75,000
Travel 24,000 12,000 36,000
Entertainment 57,600 86,400 144,000
Administrative 60,000 90,000 150,000
------- ------- -------
Income $ 28,400 $366,600 $395,000
3. Johnson & Mathey is an architectural and landscape services firm. The firm operates in three major segments. The
following information has been obtained,
New Design Remodel Landscape Total__

Annual revenues $500,000 $1,200,000 $300,000 $2,000,000
Number of jobs 50 150 200 400
Chargeable hours 6,000 10,000 14,000 30,000
Salaries for the year were $800,000; overhead for the year was $1,000,000.
a. Determine the profits for each segment, assuming costs are allocated based on annual revenues.
b. Determine the profits for each segment, assuming costs are allocated based on the number of jobs.
c. Determine the profits for each segment, assuming costs are allocated based on chargeable hours.
SOLUTION:
a. New Design: $50,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x $500,000/$2,000,000)]

Remodel: $120,000 [$1,200,000 - ($1,800,000 x $1,200,000/$2,000,000)]
Landscape $30,000 [$300,000 - ($1,800,000 x $300,000/$2,000,000)]
b. New Design: $275,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x 50/400)]

Remodel: $525,000 [$1,200,000 - ($1,800,000 x 150/400)]
Landscape $(600,000) [$300,000 - ($1,800,000 x 200/400)]
c. New Design: $140,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x 6,000/30,000)]

Remodel: $600,000 [$1,200,000 - ($1,800,000 x 10,000/30,000)]
Landscape $(540,000) [$300,000 - ($1,800,000 x 14,000/30,000)]
47
4. Coleman Company produces three products, X, Y, & Z. The income statement for the firm as a whole is:
Sales $1,850,000
Less variable costs 1,310,000
----------
Contribution margin $ 540,000
Less fixed costs
Selling 330,000
Administrative 180,000
-------
510,000
----------
Net income $ 30,000
The sales, variable costs, and line-sustaining fixed costs for the four products are:
Q___ R___ S_ __
Sales $250,000 $400,000 $1,200,000
Variable costs 60% 65% 75%
Line-sustaining costs $90,000 $130,000 $ 230,000
a. Prepare an income statement segmented by product line, including a column for the entire firm. Be sure to
show segment income as well as total enterprise income.
SOLUTION:
Q___ R___ S ___ Total _

Sales $250,000 $400,000 $1,200,000 $1,850,000
Variable costs 150,000 260,000 900,000 1,310,000
------- ------- --------- ---------
Contribution margin $100,000 $140,000 $ 300,000 $ 540,000
Line-sustaining costs 90,000 130,000 230,000 450,000
------- ------- --------- ---------
Segment income $ 10,000 $ 10,000 $ 70,000 $ 90,000
Company-sustaining 60,000
---------
Enterprise income $ 30,000
48
5. Ellington & Hodges is a public relations firm. The firm operates in three major segments. The following
information has been obtained,
Political Corporate Celebrity Total__

Annual revenues $750,000 $800,000 $1,450,000 $3,000,000
Number of clients 50 150 200 400
Total salaries for the year were $900,000; overhead was $600,000.
a. Determine the profits for each segment, assuming costs are allocated based on annual revenues.
b. Determine the profits for each segment, assuming overhead costs are allocated based on the number of
clients and salaries are allocated based on chargeable hours.
SOLUTION:
a. Political: $375,000 [$750,000 - ($1,500,000 x $750,000/$3,000,000)]

Corporate: $400,000 [$800,000 - ($1,500,000 x $800,000/$3,000,000)]
Celebrity: $725,000 [$1,450,000 - ($1,500,000 x $1,450,000/$3,000,000)]
b. Political Corporate Celebrity Total__

Annual revenues $750,000 $800,000 $1,450,000 $3,000,000
Salaries 180,000 300,000 420,000 900,000
-------- -------- --------- ---------
Profits $450,000 $300,000 $ 750,000 $1,500,000
6. Danner Company incurs $1,600,000 in manufacturing overhead costs each month. The company has been
allocating overhead to individual product lines based on direct labor hours.
Amount Amount of
Cost driver In Pool Activity
----------- -------- ---------
Direct labor hours $500,000 40,000
Number of setups 700,000 1,000
Number of tests 400,000 500
----------
Total overhead costs $1,600,000
==========
Two products have the following characteristics:
Product S Product T
--------- ---------
Direct labor hours 2,000 1,000
Number of setups 20 100
Number of tests 2 150
a. Determine the overhead to be allocated to each product using direct labor hours as the only cost driver.
b. Determine the overhead to be allocated to each product using the three drivers identified.
SOLUTION:
49
a. Product S: $80,000 [2,000 x ($1,600,000/40,000)]
Product T: $40,000 [1,000 x ($1,600,000/40,000)]
b. Product S: $40,600; Product T: $202,500
Amount Amount of
Cost driver In Pool Activity Rate
----------- -------- --------- --------
Direct labor hours $500,000 40,000 $ 12.50
Number of setups 700,000 1,000 700.00
Number of tests 400,000 500 800.00
Product S Product T
--------- ---------
Direct labor hours, $25,000 $12,500
Number of setups 14,000 70,000
Number of tests 1,600 120,000
------ -------
$40,600 $202,500
7. Seneca Company has two products with the following information:
Engine Race
Rebuilds Cars Total__
Annual revenue $1,200,000 $1,400,000 $2,600,000
Material costs 400,000 $600,000 $1,000,000
Labor costs 250,000 150,000 $400,000
Number of receipts 8,000 2,000
Number of batches 425 75
The business also has overhead costs as follows:
Cost pool Cost in pool Cost driver__________

Receiving $300,000 number of receipts
Material moves 275,000 number of batches
Administrative 225,000 labor cost
--------
Total $800,000
a. Allocate the overhead costs to the segments based on material costs.

b. Determine the income of each segment.
c. Allocate the overhead costs to the segments using ABC.
d. Determine the income of each segment under ABC.
SOLUTION:
a. Engines: $320,000 [$800,000 x ($400,000/$1,000,000)]

Race Cars: $480,000 [$800,000 x ($600,000/$1,000,000)]
b. Engines: $230,000 [$1,200,000 - $400,000 - $250.000 - $320,000]

Race Cars: $170,000 [$1,400,000 - $600,000 - $150,000 - $480,000]
c. & d.
Engine Race
Rebuilds Cars Total__
50
Annual revenue $1,200,000 $1,400,000 $2,600,000
Material costs 400,000 600,000 1,000,000
Labor costs 250,000 150,000 400,000
Receiving 240,000 60,000 300,000
Material moves 233,750 41,250 275,000
Administrative 140,625 84,375 225,000
------- ------- --------
Income $(64,375) $464,375 $ 400,000
8. Ventura Company produces four products, Q, R, S & T. The income statement for the firm as a whole is:
Sales $3,000,000
Less variable costs 1,870,000
---------
Contribution margin $1,130,000
Less fixed costs
Manufacturing $320,000
Selling 290,000
Administrative 168,000
-------
778,000
---------
Net income $ 352,000
The sales, contribution margin ratios, and line-sustaining fixed costs for the four products are:
Q___ R___ S ___ T_ __

Sales $200,000 $400,000 $1,000,000 $1,400,000
Contribution margin 35% 40% 20% 50%
Line-sustaining costs $60,000 $80,000 $168,000 $270,000
b. Prepare an income statement segmented by product line, including a column for the entire firm. Be sure to
show segment income as well as total enterprise income.
SOLUTION:
Q___ R___ S_ __ T_ __ Total__

Sales $200,000 $400,000 $1,000,000 $1,400,000 $3,000,000
Variable costs 130,000 240,000 800,000 700,000 1,870,000
------- ------- --------- --------- ---------
Contribution margin $ 70,000 $160,000 $ 200,000 $ 700,000 $1,130,000
Line-sustaining costs 60,000 80,000 168,000 270,000 578,000
------- ------- --------- --------- ---------
Segment income $ 10,000 $ 80,000 $ 32,000 $ 430,000 $ 552,000
Company-sustaining 200,000
---------
Enterprise income $ 352,000
51
9. DJH Corp has identified the following costs.
Costs to improve the production process $175,000

Incoming inspection costs 110,000
Design engineer salaries 325,000
Rework of defective units 122,000
Salaries for service repair workers 265,000
Warranty costs 335,000
Finished goods inspection 165,000
Scrap 118,000
Categorize each of the costs into the appropriate quality cost category and prepare a total for each.
SOLUTION:
Prevention costs:
Costs to improve the production process $175,000
Design engineer salaries 325,000
Total prevention costs $500,000
Appraisal costs:
Incoming inspection costs $110,000
Finished goods inspection 165,000
Total appraisal costs 275,000
Internal failure costs:

Rework of defective units $122,000
Scrap 118,000
Total internal failure costs 240,000
External failure costs:

Salaries for service repair workers $265,000
Warranty costs 335,000
Total external failure costs 600,000
10. Following is a list of activities that pertains to quality. Classify each as either external failure, internal failure,
appraisal, or prevention.
External Internal
Failure Failure Appraisal Prevention
1. In-process inspection
2. Warranty expenses
3. Worker training
4. Downtime on machinery due
to rework
5. Product returns
6. Product design
7. Preventive maintenance
8. Wages for field repair
workers
9. Quality laboratory
10. Customer complaints
52
SOLUTION:
External Internal
Failure Failure Appraisal Prevention
1. In-process inspection X
2. Warranty expenses X
3. Worker training X
4. Downtime on machinery due
to rework X
5. Product returns X
6. Product design X
7. Preventive maintenance X
8. Wages for field repair
Workers X
9. Quality laboratory X
10. Customer complaints X
53

CH 04

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CH 04

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CH 04

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CHAPTER 4: ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING AND MANAGEMENT

a 2. A company using activity-based costing

a 3. Machine setups is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

d 4. Machine hours is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

b 5. Landscaping is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

d 6. Material cost is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

c 7. The activities that drive resource requirements are called the

b 12. An approach to developing new ways to perform existing activities is called

c 13. Which of the following statements is true?

a 14. Which of the following is NOT a sign of poor cost data?

d 15. Which of the following is a sign of poor cost data?

d 17. Direct labor hours is an example of a(n) ____________ activity.

b 18. Property taxes on the plant is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

d 19. Production volume is an example of a(n) _____________ activity.

b 22. ____________ relate to an entire plant as a whole.

c 23. ____________ arise because a company maintains a particular product or service.

d 24. Which of the following is not a type of sustaining activity?

a 25. Which of the following is true regarding activity-based management?

b 28. The cost of processing customer complaints is a(n)

d 29. Worker training is a(n)

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model X Model Y Model Z

Model Q Model R Model S

The consumption ratios for number of setups would be:

Model Q Model R Model S

The consumption ratios based on units produced would be:

Model Q Model R Model S

The consumption ratios for direct labor hours would be:

Model A Model B Model C

Model A Model B Model C

Model A Model B Model C

Model A Model B Model C

F 1. ABC can only be used in a company that produces a single product.

T 3. ABC will be most useful in estimating fixed costs.

T 4. Two major influences on costs are complexity and diversity.

T 5. Volume-based measures will tend to overcost high volume products.

F 6. Activities that drive resource requirements are known as activity drivers.

F 7. ABC is required for GAAP financial reporting.

F 8. ABC will benefit a JIT operation more than a non-JIT operation.

Two products have the following characteristics:

a. Product X: $12,000 [1,000 x ($300,000/15,000)]

Upstate Downstate Total_

The business also has overhead costs as follows:

Cost pool Cost in pool Cost driver__________

a. Allocate the overhead costs to the segments based on sales revenue.

a. Upstate: $82,500 [$330,000 x ($200,000/$800,000)]

b. Upstate: $87,500 [$200,000 - $30,000 - $82,500]

New Design Remodel Landscape Total__

a. New Design: $50,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x $500,000/$2,000,000)]

b. New Design: $275,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x 50/400)]

c. New Design: $140,000 [$500,000 - ($1,800,000 x 6,000/30,000)]

Q___ R___ S ___ Total _

Political Corporate Celebrity Total__

a. Political: $375,000 [$750,000 - ($1,500,000 x $750,000/$3,000,000)]

b. Political Corporate Celebrity Total__

Q_ R_ S ___ Total _

Q_ R_ S ___ T_ __

Q_ R_ S_ __ T_ Total