Hardware System Servicing

Binalatongan Community College
Brgy. Ilang San Carlos City, Pangasinan
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT)

LEARNING MODULE
Module No: 001
Subject Code: ITE 112
Subject Description: Computer Hardware Servicing
- This course will introduce a firm understanding of basic terminologies and concepts of
troubleshooting which will provide students’ the basis for repairing computer. It is intended
to provide an understanding of developing logical thinking and how to isolate a particular
parts or component of a computer, and what are the basic steps in repairing a computer
Term: 1st Semester, 2020
I. Learning Objectives:
 To identify the different parts of computer.

 To state the use and function of each part of computer.
 To familiarize the specification of each peripherals of computer.
 To identify the different tools to be used in assembling and disassembling a computer.
 To enumerate the steps in assembling and disassembling a computer unit.
 To distinguish the symptoms or problem of a computer parts.
 To fix or change the device of computer.
 To configure the settings of BIOS/CMOS setup utility.
 To create a partition and formatting of the hard disk drive.
 To install a new operating system in a computer.
 To download and install the driver of the components of the computer.
 To install application such as MS-Office, Anti-Virus, VLC player etc.
 To perform a maintenance procedure of a computer.
II. Learning Outcomes:

 Can recognize the different parts of computer.
 Discern the use and function of each part of computer.
 Distinguish the specification of each peripherals of computer.
 Select proper tools to be used in assembling and disassembling a computer.
 Perform assembling and disassembling a computer unit.
 Determine the symptoms or problem of a computer parts.
 Troubleshot or change the device of computer.
Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

1
 Configuring the settings of BIOS/CMOS setup utility.

 Create a partition and formatting of the hard disk drive.
 Install a new operating system in a computer.
 Download and install the driver of the components of the computer.
 Install application such as MS-Office, Anti-Virus, VLC player etc.
 Can perform a maintenance procedure of a computer.
III. Learning Resources:
Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All in One for Dummies
Build Your Own PC
PC Hardware
www.onlinecomputertips.com
www.247techies.com
www.computerhope.com
IV. Task to Complete

 Activities
 Quizzes
 Examination
V. Content Items
Chapter 1
Lesson 1: Introduction
Computer troubleshooting is essential to fixing technical issues regarding computer. There are
two sections in repairing a computer, the hardware and software repair.
Computer Hardware
Main Parts of CPU
1. Motherboard 6. Video Card
2. Processor 7. Power Supply
3. Memory 8. Heat Sink / Fan
4. Hard Disk 9. Cable / Connectors
5. CD/DVD Rom 10. Case

2

3

4

5
Parts of Motherboard
Name Image Description and functions

1. CPU Socket - It contains one or more mechanical
components providing mechanical and electrical
connections between a microprocessor and
a printed circuit board.
2. DIMM/SIMM – - It is commonly called RAM stick,

Dual/Single In-Line comprises a series of dynamic random-access
Memory Module memory integrated circuits.
3. PCIE / AGP – - it is the common motherboard interface

Peripheral for personal computers’ graphics
Component cards, hard drives, SSDs, Wi-
Interconnect / Fi and Ethernet hardware connections.
Accelerated Graphics
Port
6
4. IDE connector 40pins - is internal and requires case modification

– Integrated Drive to connect an old model of hard disks or a
Electronics single CD-ROM
5. Floppy - It is where the floppy drive connects to

Connector(34pins) – the computer motherboard.
FDD Floppy Disk
Drive
6. Power - It is where the power supply connects to

Connector/24pins the motherboard.
7. ATX 12v – Advance - It provides additional power to the

Technology eXtended motherboard. There is also a (4pin) connector
from power supply that is necessarily to attach.
8. SATA connector – - It is a computer bus interface that connects

Serial Advance host bus adapters to mass storage devices
Technology such as hard disk drives, optical drives,
Attachment and solid-state drives.
9. 4pin CPU fan - The sense pin is used to relay the rotation

connector speed of the fan and the control pin is an
open-drain or open-collector output, which
requires a pull-up to 5 V or 3.3 V in the fan.
10. USB headers - It is used to extend the port of usb, which

located to the front panel.
11. Audio Connector - It is used to extend the speaker and

microphone jack, which located to the front
panel.
12. Front Panel header - It is where the connectors of hard disk

drive activity lights, case speaker, reset
button, power on/off button, computer
power on light, and key lock, are connected
to make them function smoothly.
13. North Bridge - It is one of the two chips in the core logic
chipset architecture on a PC motherboard.

7
14. South Bridge - It is the chip that controls all of the

computers I/O functions, such as USB, audio,
serial, the system BIOS, the ISA bus, the
interrupt controller and the IDE channels.
15. BIOS chips – Basic - It is to handle the system setup process

Input Output including driver loading and operating
System system booting.
16. Sound Chips - It converts between digital data and

analog sound. This allows you to listen to
music and record your own sound.
17. LAN Chips – Local - It provide wireless local area

Area Network network (LAN) connectivity in a system-on-
chip platform.
18. Lithium/CMOS - It gives ‘backup power’ to CMOS of a

Battery – computer to keep some parameter values like
Complementary Real Time Clock.
Metal Oxide Semi-
Conductor
19. Back Panel
20. Screw
- It is a piece of metal with a threaded
surface and a point on one end and
a slotted head that is twisted to penetrate
and fasten two things together.

8
Lesson 2: Assembling & Disassembling a CPU
The foundation of repairing a computer unit is you know how to assemble and disassemble a
computer unit. Most important things to practice to assemble and disassemble a computer is to take
inventory, make space and safety, make time, prepare your tools and check your health condition.
Steps in Disassembling a CPU

1. Position the unit
backward and lay it down
and remove the screw and
cover.
2. Remove the screw

attaching in video card.

9
3. Remove the video card

carefully and hold it
properly.
4. Disconnect all wirings

connected to each device.
(power/sata cable)

(sata cable)

10

(atx 12v)

(power connector)

(audio connector)

11

(usb headers)

(fpanel connectors)
5. See to it that all wirings

are removed and cleared.

12
6. Remove the screw of

the hard disk.
7. Remove and carry the

hard disk carefully.

power supply. Pull the
power supply upward.

13

the motherboard. Pull the
motherboard upward.
10. Remove the memory.
11. Remove the heatsink.

14
12. Remove the cpu fan

connector.
13. Remove the processor.
14. Remove the cmos

battery.

15
15. Disassembled parts.
Steps in Assembling a CPU

1. Insert the cmos battery.

16
2. Install the processor.

(find the direction of the
processor)

(lock the pin of cpu socket)

17

(lock the pin of cpu socket)
3. Install the cpu fan

connector.
4. Install the heatsink.

18
4. Install the heatsink.

(lock)
5. Install the memory.
6. Search where the

fpanel located and positive
side. ( + or 1 )

19
7. Install the fpanel

connector. (power switch)

connector. (reset switch)

connector. (power led)

20

connector. (hdd led)
8. Install the usb headers.
9. Install the audio

connector.

21
10. Install the

motherboard.
10. Install the

motherboard. (back panel)
10. Install the

motherboard. (fasten the
screw)

22
11. Install the power

supply.
12. Install the hard disk.
13. Install the connectors

and wirings. (power
connector)

23

and wirings. (atx 12v)

and wirings. (sata cable)

and wirings. (sata
cable/power cable)

24
14. Install the video card.

(place the lock first)
14. Attach the screw.
15. Fasten the screw of

cover.

25
Try to switch it on for

checking….
Chapter 2
Lesson 1: Computer Diagnosis (Hardware)
Diagnostics is a method of testing a computer hardware device or software program to

ensure it is working as it should be. This testing is performed before a computer or computer-
related product is released to the public.
Problem Solution
1. No Power  Check the outlets and cables.
 Check the power supply if it is working or it is turning
on/off.
 Check the power supply if it is 110V or 220V or you
plugs it in 110V or 220V.
 Check the front panel of computer and switches
connecting to motherboard.
 Check the processor and motherboard.
2. No Display  Test your monitor.
 Test your cable and see to it that all are properly
connected.
26
 Start your computer with essential hardware only:

a. Motherboard
b. Processor
c. Memory
d. Power supply
e. Monitor
f. Keyboard
g. Video card
 If no video card was attached, try to use built-in VGA

port in motherboard.
 Change the memory and listen to the beep at the start.
a. One beep – normal
b. Two beep – CMOS/BIOS Setup problem
c. Consecutive beep – memory failure
d. No beep – motherboard or processor
 Change the motherboard or the processor.

 Monitor was display but after few minutes it shutting
down.
a. Power Supply
b. Heat Sink and Fan
c. Motherboard
 Check the jumpers.
 Check the atx12v cable if it is connected on
motherboard.
3. No Sound  Check the speaker if properly working.
 Check the cables.
 Check the cables if properly attached.
 Check the volume.
 Check the driver of audio/sound chips if it is already
installed.
4. Slow Performance  Upgrade other parts of CPU
a. Processor
b. Motherboard
c. Memory
d. Hard Disk
e. Video Card
5. Strange Noises  Check the fan
 Check the cable if blocking the fan
 Hard Disk was break down
 Screws are not tight.
6. Overheating  Heat sink is not properly attached.
 Fans are malfunctioning.
 There are break of cable (short circuit)
 Wrong cable attached.
 110V plug in 220V.
 Incompatible device.
Lesson 2: Computer Diagnosis (Software)

27
Software comprises the entire set of programs, procedures, and routines associated with the
operation of a computer system. The term was coined to differentiate these instructions from
hardware the physical components of a computer system.
Problem Solution
1. Boot Failure  Check the SATA cable.
 Check the Hard Disk.
 Operating System was corrupted.
a. NTLDR is missing
b. Disk boot failure
c. Windows failed to start
d. Repair your computer.
e. Etc.
 Improper value of CMOS / BIOS setup.
2. Lockups and Freezes  Blue screen
a. Hard Disk was malfunctioning.
b. Memory was no longer working.
3. Slow Performance (log)  Check Disk and Defragmentation
 Low amount of Hard Disk space.
 Virus contaminated.
 Lot of installed software.
4. Undetected hardware  Driver installation
 Software or Hardware mismatch
Windows 7 DVD/flash drive is bootable. In order to boot from the DVD or in flash drive you
need to set the boot sequence. Look for the boot sequence under your BIOS setup and make sure
that the first boot device is set to CD-ROM/DVD-ROM or the bootable flash drive.
Step 1 - Place Windows 7 DVD
in your dvd-rom drive and start
your PC. Windows 7 will start to
boot up and you will get the
following progress bar.

28
Step 2 - The next screen allows

you to setup your language,
time and currency format,
keyboard or input method.
Choose your required settings
and click next to continue.
Step 3 - The next screen allows

you to install or repair Windows
7. Since we are doing a clean
install we will click on "install
now".
Step 4 - Read the license terms

and tick I accept license terms.
Then click next to continue.
Step 5 - You will now be

presented with two options.
29
Upgrade or Custom (Advanced).

Since we are doing a clean
install we will select Custom
(Advanced).
Step 6 - Choose where you
would like to install Windows 7.
If you have one hard drive you
will get a similar option to the
image below. You can click next
to continue. If you have more
than one drive or partition then
you need to select the
appropriate drive and click next.
If you need to format or
partition a drive then click Drive
options (advance) before
clicking next.
Step 7 - Windows 7 starts the

installation process and starts
copying all the necessary files to
your hard drive as shown on the
image below.

30
Step 8 - It will go through

various stages of the setup and
will reboot your system few
times.
Step 9 - When your PC reboots

it attempts to boot from DVD as
it’s the first boot device. Do not
press any key during the boot
prompt so Windows 7 will
continue with the installation by
booting from the hard drive.
Step 10 - After the reboot your

computer will be prepared for
first use.
Step 11 - At this stage you need

to choose a user name and
computer name. Click next to
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continue. The user account you

create here is the Administrator
account which is the main
account for your Windows 7
that has all the privileges.
Step 12 - Choose your password
and password hint just in case
you forget your password and
need to jog your memory.
Step 13 - You can now type the

product key that came with
Windows 7 and click next. If you
do not enter the product key
you can still proceed to the next
stage. However Windows 7 will
run in trial mode for 30 days.
You must therefore activate
Windows within 30 days
otherwise you cannot access
your computer after 30 days.

32
Step 14 - Help protect your

computer and improve
Windows automatically. Choose
Use recommended settings.
Step 15 - Review your time and

date settings. Select your time
zone, correct the date and time
and click next to continue.
Step 16 - Select your

computer's current location. If
you are a home user then
choose Home network
otherwise select the
appropriate option.
Step 17 - Windows will now

finalize the settings for your
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computer and restart.

Step 18 - After the final restart
Windows 7 will start to boot up.
Step 19 - Finally you have the

logon screen. Just type your
password and press enter or
click on the arrow to logon to
Windows 7 for the first time.
Step 20 - After you have logged

on to Windows 7 for the first
time, you will see similar
desktop to the image below. At
this point you can start using
your computer. However it may
not be fully configured. You
need to make sure that all the
hardware is detected correctly
and the necessary device
drivers are installed. This can be
done from the device manager.

34
Lesson 2: Driver Installation
In computing, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular

type of device that is attached to a computer. Drivers are hardware dependent and operating-
system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous
time-dependent hardware interface.
Three ways in driver installation
1. Manual Installation
2. Drivers Pack Solution
3. Download the Drivers
Manual Installation
1. Open “Device Manager” and
select the components you
want to update the driver
software.
2. Select “Search automatically

updated driver software” if you
are connected in internet, or
you can use “Browse my
computer for driver software” if
you have a driver already.
Drivers Pack Solution

35
1. Open Driver’s Pack solution

folder and open it.
2. Open “Easy Driver

Packs.exe”
3. Click “Start(S)”.
4. Choose “Extrac and install

drivers (I)”.

36
5. The system will reboot.
Download the drivers

1. Get the model the specific
device. Etc (Laptop,
Motherboard, Video
Graphics)
2. Search to the internet

and type the brand and
model of the device.
3. Select the operating

system of the device.

37
4. Select the driver you

want to download.
5. Open the folder and

select “setup.exe” to
install the driver.
Chapter 4
Lesson 1: Installation of Apps
Application program or application software is a computer program designed to help

people perform an activity. Depending on the activity for which it was designed, an application can
manipulate text, numbers, audio, graphics and a combination of these elements.
Basic Application of Desktop/Laptop used by the users.
 Microsoft Office
 Anti-Virus
 VLC Player
 Winrar
 Photoshop
 PDF reader
 Google Chrome/Mozilla Firefox

38
Microsoft Office
Before the installation of Microsoft Office 2010, make sure that the PC meets the system requirements:
● 500 MHz or higher processor
● 256 MB of RAM; 512 MB recommended
● 3.5 GB of minimum disk space
● Windows XP SP3 (supports only 32-bit Office), Vista SP1, Windows 7 and above.
1. Run “Setup.exe”
2. Click “I accept the terms of

the agreement and select
the installation you want.
3. Everything is complete and

you are now able to access
Microsoft Office 2010.
*** Most of all application you want to install are have same procedure. ***
Lesson 2: Hardware and Software Maintenance
Maintenance services include both hardware maintenance and support services,

and network software maintenance and support services. Hardware maintenance and
support services are preventive and remedial services that physically repair or
optimize hardware, including contract maintenance and per-incident repair.
Hardware Software
1. Check your CPU once a month. 1. Update you software regularly.
2. Clean your Computer device 2x a 2. Monitor your hard disk drive space
week. every week.
3. Check the outlet and cables of your 3. Check the performance of your

39
computer. computer base of its behavior.

4. Monitor the heat of your computer 4. Uninstall the software that you are no
such as, monitor, hard disk, longer using it.
motherboard, heatsink, ram and power
supply.
5. Bring your computer unit to computer 5. Delete some files that is no longer
technician if you encounter any needed in your computer.
suspicious behavior of your computer.
6. Change or remove any device which 6. Use defragmentation and optimize your
can cause negative effect of your hard drive after installing or uninstalling
computer. a software.
7. Bring your computer unit to computer
technician if you encounter any
suspicious behavior of your computer.
VI. Summary:
Chapter 1: Computer Hardware

Lesson 1: Parts and functions of CPU
Lesson 2: Assembling & Disassembling a CPU
Chapter 2: Diagnosing and Repairing a CPU
Lesson1: Hardware Problem
Lesson2: Software Problem
Chapter 3: Computer Software
Lesson1: Operating System Installation
Lesson2: Driver Installation
Chapter 4: Application and Maintenance
Lesson1: Installation of Apps
Lesson2: Hardware and Software Maintenance
VII: Review Questions:

Lesson 1: Parts and functions of CPU
1. What are the different parts of CPU?

2. What are the function of each part of CPU and motherboard?
3. What is the importance of knowing the parts and functionality of each
devices?
Lesson 2: Assembling and Disassembling
1. Enumerate the steps in assembling and disassembling a CPU.

2. Demonstrate the proper way in assembling and disassembling a CPU.
3. Give an advantages in knowing how to assemble and disassemble a CPU.
Lesson1: Hardware Problem

40
1. What are the common problem of computer hardware?

2. How do you address those kind of problem?
3. Will you give a suggestions to avoid those scenarios?
Lesson 2: Software Problem
1. What are the common problem of computer software?

2. How do you address those kind of problem?
3. Will you give a suggestions to avoid those scenarios?
Chapter 3: Computer Software
Lesson1: Operating System Installation

1. What are the things need to consider before installing a new operating
system?
2. What are steps in installing an operating system?
3. What is partition? And how important it is?
4. What are the impact of having a new installation of operating system?
Lesson2: Driver Installation

1. How the device of the computers work?
2. What are the steps in getting a driver of a device?
3. How important having a proper installing of driver of a device?
Lesson1: Installation of Apps

1. What is computer application?
2. How the applications helps the users?
3. Will you give an examples of application which commonly used by the user?
Lesson2: Hardware and Software Maintenance

1. What is hardware and software maintenance?
2. Why do we need to maintain the performance of the computer?
3. What are the different methods to maintain a computer?
VIII: Assessments:

Lesson 1: Parts of CPU (Quiz #1)
I. Identify the following device. (2pts)
___________________1. It is a mechanical connection that holds the processor and allows it to communicate with the
motherboard.
41
___________________2. A device that stores information on an integrated circuit used by the operating system,
software, and hardware.
___________________3. It stores your computer components and it is made up of metal and plastic.
___________________4. The main circuit board of a computer which provides connections for all other peripherals such
as the BIOS, serial ports and expansion slots.
___________________5.This computer hardware translates digital signals to analog audio for your listening pleasure.
___________________6.This computer component serves as a secondary memory. This is where you store your
operating system.
___________________7. A printed circuit board controlling output to a display screen.
___________________8. A computer hardware that you use to read and write data on a CD.
___________________9. It provides backup power to the CMOS setup chip.
___________________10. A port found at the back panel where the RJ45 is inserted.
___________________11. A device that converting AC power sources to the DC phase that device must have to operate.
___________________12. A socket where your memory was attached and it is also called memory banks.
___________________13. It is a piece of metal with a threaded surface and a point on one end and a slotted head that
is twisted to penetrate and fasten two things together.
___________________14. It is a device that is attached to a microprocessor chip to keep it from overheating by
absorbing its heat and dissipating it into the air.
___________________15. A hand tool for turning a screw, consisting of a handle attached to a long, narrow shank,
usually of metal, which tapers and flattens out to a tip that fits into the slotted head of a screw.

42
Lesson 2: Assembling and Disassembling of CPU (Quiz#2)

I. Enumeration (Steps in Assembling and disassembling a CPU)
Assembling
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
11. ___________________________________________________________________
12. ___________________________________________________________________
13. ___________________________________________________________________
14. ___________________________________________________________________
15. ___________________________________________________________________
Disassembling
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
11. ___________________________________________________________________
12. ___________________________________________________________________
13. ___________________________________________________________________
14. ___________________________________________________________________
15. ___________________________________________________________________

Lesson1: Hardware Problem (Quiz #3)
I. What are common problem of computer hardware?
II. Give at least 3 solution of each problem.
Lesson 2: Software Problem (Quiz #4)
I. What are common problem of computer software?
II. Give at least 3 solution of each problem.

43

Lesson1: Operating System Installation (Quiz #1)
I. Install the following requirements
 Windows 7 Ultimate 64bit
- 75% Drive C
- 25% Drive D
Lesson 2: Driver Installation (Quiz #2)
I. Install the following driver:
Motherboard Brand (Asrock)
Model (N68C - GS4 FX)
- Download the Driver of the Computer
* Ethernet Lan Driver
* Audio Driver
* Video Drive
* Chipset Driver
Lesson 1: Installation of Apps (Quiz #3)

1. What is computer application?
2. Give at least 5 example of computer application?
3. How to install Microsoft Office?
Lesson 2: Hardware and Software Maintenance (Quiz #4)

I. Give the ways on how to maintain a hardware and software of
computer.
Hardware Software
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
II. Demonstrate how to execute defragmentation or optimizing a hard

drive.
IX: References:
Troubleshooting & Maintaining Your PC All in One for Dummies, Dan Gooking
Build Your Own PC, Mark L. Chamber
PC Hardware, Hans-Peter Messmer
www.onlinecomputertips.com
www.247techies.com
www.computerhope.com
Prepared by: Checked by:

44
Engr. Banner B. Ferrer, MIT Brixon J. De Vera, MIT

Dean, BSIT
Recommending Approval: Approved:
Suzanne De Dios Resuello, MAED Macrina B. Cajala, DBM

College Administrator VP for Academic Affairs

45

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Binalatongan Community College

Brgy. Ilang San Carlos City, Pangasinan

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT)

Module No: 001

Subject Code: ITE 112

Subject Description: Computer Hardware Servicing

Term: 1st Semester, 2020

 To identify the different parts of computer.

II. Learning Outcomes:

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

 Configuring the settings of BIOS/CMOS setup utility.

IV. Task to Complete

Main Parts of CPU

1. Motherboard 6. Video Card

2. Processor 7. Power Supply

3. Memory 8. Heat Sink / Fan

4. Hard Disk 9. Cable / Connectors

5. CD/DVD Rom 10. Case

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

Name Image Description and functions

2. DIMM/SIMM – - It is commonly called RAM stick,

3. PCIE / AGP – - it is the common motherboard interface

4. IDE connector 40pins - is internal and requires case modification

5. Floppy - It is where the floppy drive connects to

6. Power - It is where the power supply connects to

7. ATX 12v – Advance - It provides additional power to the

8. SATA connector – - It is a computer bus interface that connects

9. 4pin CPU fan - The sense pin is used to relay the rotation

10. USB headers - It is used to extend the port of usb, which

11. Audio Connector - It is used to extend the speaker and

12. Front Panel header - It is where the connectors of hard disk

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

14. South Bridge - It is the chip that controls all of the

15. BIOS chips – Basic - It is to handle the system setup process

16. Sound Chips - It converts between digital data and

17. LAN Chips – Local - It provide wireless local area

18. Lithium/CMOS - It gives ‘backup power’ to CMOS of a

19. Back Panel

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

Lesson 2: Assembling & Disassembling a CPU

Steps in Disassembling a CPU

2. Remove the screw

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

3. Remove the video card

4. Disconnect all wirings

4. Disconnect all wirings

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

4. Disconnect all wirings

4. Disconnect all wirings

4. Disconnect all wirings

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

4. Disconnect all wirings

4. Disconnect all wirings

5. See to it that all wirings

Prepared by: Banner B. Ferrer

6. Remove the screw of