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    Home Java Programs Oops String Exception Multithreading

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    Anshita Varshney
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It explains that constructors are called when an object is created to initialize the object. There are two types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors and parameterized constructors. Constructors must have the same name as the class and cannot have a return type. Constructors can be overloaded like methods.

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    Home Java Programs Oops String Exception Multithreading

    Uploaded by

    Anshita Varshney
    52 views12 pages
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It explains that constructors are called when an object is created to initialize the object. There are two types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors and parameterized constructors. Constructors must have the same name as the class and cannot have a return type. Constructors can be overloaded like methods.

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    Java Constructor

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    The document discusses constructors in Java. It explains that constructors are called when an object is created to initialize the object. There are two types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors and parameterized constructors. Constructors must have the same name as the class and cannot have a return type. Constructors can be overloaded like methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    52 views12 pages

    Home Java Programs Oops String Exception Multithreading

    Uploaded by

    Anshita Varshney
    The document discusses constructors in Java. It explains that constructors are called when an object is created to initialize the object. There are two types of constructors: default (no-arg) constructors and parameterized constructors. Constructors must have the same name as the class and cannot have a return type. Constructors can be overloaded like methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Home Java Programs OOPs String Exception Multithreading

    Constructors in Java
    In Java, a constructor is a block of codes similar to the method. It is called when an instance
    of the class is created. At the time of calling constructor, memory for the object is allocated
    in the memory.

    It is a special type of method which is used to initialize the object.

    Every time an object is created using the new() keyword, at least one constructor is called.

    It calls a default constructor if there is no constructor available in the class. In such case, Java
    compiler provides a default constructor by default.

    There are two types of constructors in Java: no-arg constructor, and parameterized
    constructor.

    Note: It is called constructor because it constructs the values at the time of object creation. It
    is not necessary to write a constructor for a class. It is because java compiler creates a default
    constructor if your class doesn't have any.

    Rules for creating Java constructor

    There are two rules defined for the constructor.

    1. Constructor name must be the same as its class name

    2. A Constructor must have no explicit return type

    3. A Java constructor cannot be abstract, static, final, and synchronized

    Note: We can use access modifiers while declaring a constructor. It controls the object
    creation. In other words, we can have private, protected, public or default constructor in
    Java.

    Types of Java constructors


    There are two types of constructors in Java:
    1. Default constructor (no-arg constructor)

    2. Parameterized constructor

    Java Default Constructor


    A constructor is called "Default Constructor" when it doesn't have any parameter.

    Syntax of default constructor:

    <class_name>(){}
    Example of default constructor
    In this example, we are creating the no-arg constructor in the Bike class. It will be invoked at
    the time of object creation.
    //Java Program to
    create and call a
    d f l

    Test it Now

    Output:

    Bike is created

    Rule: If there is no constructor in a class, compiler automatically creates a default


    constructor.

    Q) What is the purpose of a default constructor?

    The default constructor is used to provide the default values to the object like 0, null, etc.,
    depending on the type.

    Example of default constructor that displays the default values


    //Let us see another
    example of default

    Test it Now
    Output:

    0 null
    0 null

    Explanation:In the above class,you are not creating any constructor so compiler provides you
    a default constructor. Here 0 and null values are provided by default constructor.

    Java Parameterized Constructor


    A constructor which has a specific number of parameters is called a parameterized
    constructor.

    Why use the parameterized constructor?

    The parameterized constructor is used to provide different values to distinct objects. However,
    you can provide the same values also.

    Example of parameterized constructor

    In this example, we have created the constructor of Student class that have two parameters.
    We can have any number of parameters in the constructor.

    //Java Program to
    demonstrate the use
    f h i d

    Test it Now

    Output:

    111 Karan
    222 Aryan

    Constructor Overloading in Java


    In Java, a constructor is just like a method but without return type. It can also be overloaded
    like Java methods.

    Constructor overloading in Java is a technique of having more than one constructor with
    different parameter lists. They are arranged in a way that each constructor performs a
    different task. They are differentiated by the compiler by the number of parameters in the list
    and their types.

    Example of Constructor Overloading


    //Java program to
    overload constructors
    l S d 5{

    Test it Now

    Output:

    111 Karan 0
    222 Aryan 25

    Difference between constructor and method in Java


    There are many differences between constructors and methods. They are given below.

    Java Constructor Java Method

    A constructor is used to initialize the state of an A method is used to expose the


    object. behavior of an object.

    A constructor must not have a return type. A method must have a return type.

    The constructor is invoked implicitly. The method is invoked explicitly.

    The Java compiler provides a default constructor if The method is not provided by the
    you don't have any constructor in a class. compiler in any case.
    The constructor name must be same as the class The method name may or may not
    name. be same as the class name.

    Java Copy Constructor


    There is no copy constructor in Java. However, we can copy the values from one object to
    another like copy constructor in C++.

    There are many ways to copy the values of one object into another in Java. They are:

    By constructor

    By assigning the values of one object into another

    By clone() method of Object class


    In this example, we are going to copy the values of one object into another using Java
    constructor.

    //Java program to
    initialize the values
    f bj

    Test it Now

    Output:

    111 Karan
    111 Karan

    Copying values without constructor


    We can copy the values of one object into another by assigning the objects values to another
    object. In this case, there is no need to create the constructor.

    class Student7{
    int id;
    S i

    Test it Now

    Output:

    111 Karan
    111 Karan

    Q) Does constructor return any value?

    Yes, it is the current class instance (You cannot use return type yet it returns a value).

    Can constructor perform other tasks instead of initialization?

    Yes, like object creation, starting a thread, calling a method, etc. You can perform any
    operation in the constructor as you perform in the method.
    Is there Constructor class in Java?

    Yes.

    What is the purpose of Constructor class?

    Java provides a Constructor class which can be used to get the internal information of a
    constructor in the class. It is found in the java.lang.reflect package.

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