Module For Cabinet
Module For Cabinet
Module For Cabinet
Sector: CONSTRUCTION
PREREQUISITE :
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Prepare materials, tools and equipment for installing built-in and/or pre-
fabricated cabinets;
• Millwork Drawing
• Materials and specification
• Different types of wood defects
• Classification of hand tools & equipment and their uses
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Plans and details are correctly identified and interpreted
according to job requirements
2. Materials, tools and equipment are identified and prepared
consistent with job requirements
3. Materials are re-checked for correct specifications to ensure that
they are free from defects; otherwise defects are reported to
immediate supervisor for appropriate action
4. Unexpected situations are dealt with according to company rules
and regulations
5. Appropriate PPE is selected according to safety standards and
regulations
CONDITIONS:
You must be provided with the
following:
• WORKPLACE LOCATION
• TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT • Hand Saw
• Hammer • Chalk Line
• Marking Tools • Water Hose Level
• Measuring Tools • Plumb Bob
• Nylon String • Hand Saw
• Steel Square • PPE
• Try-square • Circular Saw
• TRAINING MATERIALS
Leaning Packages
Bond paper
Ball pens
Manuals
Related References
ASSESSMENT METHOD
Portfolio
Learning Experience
PREPARE MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR INSTALLING
BUILT-IN AND/OR PRE-FABRICATED CABINETS
Some project only requires a few fixtures. The detailing of these will
often be incorporated into other pages of the construction drawings. Trim
is shown on interior wall elevations with the desired profile provided. A
floor fixture might be detailed on the same page as the plan or on another
drawing.
Projects, which involve many items, will require several pages to
cover them all. These drawings pages are usually grouped together and
included at the end of the architectural set of drawings.
Drawing notes and finish schedules provide specify the type, solid or
plywood veneer, maple, pine, oak, etc. and the finish.
3. Width of adjustable
countertop from back of knee
space in millimeter
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
INTRODUCTION
In this section you will learn the types of wood used in cabinetwork
and the characteristics of each type. After studying these characteristics,
you should be able to identify and select the proper wood for a particular
job. The most desirable woods for cabinetwork should:
• Have the ability to keep their shape without shrinking, warping,
or swelling.
• Be easily workable with tools and machinery without causing
rough surfaces
• Be strong, with suitable grain characteristics that are pleasing to
the eye
CLASSIFICATION OF LUMBER
Softwoods
Many softwoods are used in cabinetmaking. Among these, white
pine is one of the most useful of all. It is also easy to work, because it has
a uniform grain and holds its shape well. White pine is soft, light, and of
medium strength. It splits easily but holds nails fairly well. It also takes
glue well. The grain is not prominent; therefore, it has no particular
beauty. For this reason, coupled with its ability to hold paint, it is most
often painted.
Hardwoods
Hardwoods are used extensively for fine furniture and cabinets.
Their strength, plus beauty and ability to take clear finishes (varnish and
lacquer), makes them ideal for the finest products of the cabinetmaker.
There are many types of hardwoods; however, we will cover only the
principal ones.
Walnut is one of the finest of cabinet woods, because the grain is
porous and varies from straight to irregular. Walnut works well with tools,
finishes smoothly, and holds glue and stain well. It is a hard, strong wood
and is easily identified by its dark heartwood. It is used extensively for
plywood, veneers, furniture, and millwork.
Mahogany is not a native wood; therefore, all species are imported.
Most varieties come from Central America, Africa, and India. It is a hard,
strong wood; however, the hardness can vary with the species. Color can
vary in shade, but generally speaking, it is reddish brown. Mahogany has
a close, varying grain, causing a pleasing reflection of light. It is used
chiefly for fine furniture, plywood panels, veneers, and interior finishes.
Oak is a very hard, strong wood with two main species: white and
red. Unless it is carefully seasoned, it will warp and check; however, once
it is worked to a finish it is without rival for strength and beauty. Oak
bends excellently, holds nails well, finishes smoothly, and holds glue
satisfactorily. The grain is coarse and porous; and when quartersawed, the
medullary rays are broad and numerous, making pleasing patterns. It
takes stain very well, making beautiful grain contrasts, and is used for
interior finishes, flooring, plywood panels, veneers, and furniture. Oak
sometimes is used in boatbuilding where strength is required.
Plywood
Today plywood is used for thousands of products, and the average
person comes into contact with it every day. It, too, is used extensively in
cabinetwork. Modern plywood
consists of veneers that are
fabricated with glues. In simple
terms, it consists of three or more
layers of thin wood firmly glued
together, with the grain direction
of the middle layer at right angles
to the outer layers. By this means
of fabrication, swelling and
shrinking is reduced and stability
and strength are added, qualities
which would not be found in the
original material.
Figure 4.
Pictorial Drawing
of Built-in Book
Shelves
Table 2. Bill of materials
FINISH LIST CUTTING (ROUGH) LIST
No.
of Thicknes Kind of Name Widt Lengt
Width Length Thickness
Piece s Material of Part h h
s
12 3/4 2 68 ½ cherry sides 7/8 2¼ 69
3/4 6 22 bottom
6 cherry 7/8 6¼ 22 ½
Rails
3/4 3 22 Middle
6 cherry 7/8 3¼ 22 ½
rails
3/4 5½ 22 Top
6 cherry 7/8 5¼ 22 ½
rails
3/4 20 ½ 45 ½ Cherry Panels
6 ¼ 20 ½ 45 ½
plywood
3 3/4 20 ½ 16 ½ Cherry panels ¼ 20 ½ 16 ½
Plywood
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.1-2
Title: Re-Checking Material for Correct
Specifications
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, you should
be able to re-check materials for correct
specifications
Supplies and Materials: Working Drawing/ Plan
Sample Materials (Lumber)
Equipment:
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment
Performance Criteria Checklist
CRITERIA YES NO
1. Can I identify material specification from parts lists
from the actual/physical materials?
2. Are all required materials checked and re-checked
according to job requirement, such as:
1. Dimensions;
3. Type of materials?
10
ANSWER KEY NO. 4.1-3
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. Blue stain
2. Worm holes
3. Crook
4. Cupping
5. Bow
6. Cracking
7. Split
8. Twist
9. Wane
10. Loose Knot
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.1-3
Title: Identify Wood Defects
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, you should
be able to identify wood defects from the
given materials/stocks
Supplies and Materials: Lumber (with visible wood defects)
Equipment:
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment
Performance Criteria Checklist
Remarks:
Remarks:
Others:
CRITERIA YES NO
Figure 5. Pencils
Tape Rule
This is essential for fast, efficient
measuring on site work. For this type of
carrying-rule, sizes vary between 2 m
and 10 m. Models with lockable, power-
return blades and belt clips, one of 3.5
m and one of 8 m length are
recommended. Figure 6. Tape Rule
Marking Gauges
Gauges are used for cutting parallel lines
at a given distance from the edge
Plumb Bob
There is still a use, however limited, for these
traditional plumbing devices. They should, as
illustrated, always be suspended away from the
surface being checked and measured for equal
readings at top and bottom. The point is very useful for
plumbing to a mark on the floor.
Sliding Bevel
This is an essential tool for angular work,
especially roofing if using the Roofing Ready
Reckoner method.
DRIVING TOOLS
HAMMERS
• Claw Hammer - Although this tool is basically for nailing and
extracting nails, it has also been
widely used over the years by using
the side of the head as an alternative
to the wooden mallet. The claw is
also used for a limited amount of
leverage work, such as separating
nailed boards, etc.
Figure 20. Claw Hammer
RATCHET BRACE
Used for making large holes, it
has wooden head and handle which is
fitted in bearings to turn easily. At the
bottom it is provided with a chuck to
hold the bit. The ratchet positioned
above the chuck helps to rotate the bit
in one direction only
(a) (b)
Figure 29. (a) Powered plane; (b) Cordless plane
5
ANSWER KEY 4.1-4
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. Woodworking process
2. Classification of wood joints and their uses
3. Description of manufactured cabinets
4. Procedure in laying-out and assembling on the location of cabinets
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Cabinet location is identified from working drawings and
specifications
2. Cabinet components are fabricated and/or pre-fabricated cabinets
are prepared/assembled according to working drawings and
specifications
3. Unexpected situation are dealt with in accordance with company
rules and regulations
4. Housekeeping is performed according to safety regulations
5. Appropriate PPE is used according to job requirements and safety
regulations
CONDITIONS:
You must be provided with the
following:
• WORKPLACE LOCATION
• TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT • Hand Saw
• Hammer • Chalk Line
• Marking Tools • Water Hose Level
• Measuring Tools • Plumb Bob
• Nylon String • Hand Saw
• Steel Square • PPE
• Try-square • Circular Saw
• TRAINING MATERIALS
• Leaning Packages
• Bond paper
• Ball pens
• Manuals
• Related References
ASSESSMENT METHOD
• Portfolio
Learning Experience
FABRICATE/ASSEMBLE BUILT-IN CABINET COMPONENTS AND/OR
PRE-FABRICATED CABINET
A. SETTING/LAYING OUT
The wood must first be cut to approximate length, and it is always
better to square off from either a sawn edge or a pencil-line along the
length if the planks are waney. If an incorrect line is drawn—and all
measurements should always be checked and double checked—then it
should be cancelled out and a broad arrow drawn against the corrected
measurement. The ends of the plank should be carefully examined for
hidden splits and the first few inches of any plank which has been stored
for any length of time may have to be sacrificed.
B. MARKING/LAYING OUT
Face-marks and edge-marks must be bold and should be done with
a thick soft pencil. For the first approximate dimensioning of lengths, etc.
a B or HB pencil can be used, but for accurate dimensions at later stages
a 2H or 4H is necessary, while shoulder-lines should always be marked
with a knife.
Figure 29. Marking a new line (A) and marking the trued edge
C. SAWING OUT
The rip-saw is used for long-grain sawing, the large crosscut or
crosscut panel-saw for cutting across the grain, and the temptation to use
the finer tenon- and dovetail-saws for rough work should be strenuously
resisted, for more often than not the plank will be gritty. A usual tendency
on the part of the beginner is to saw too fast, and in comparison the
skilled worker's pace is almost leisurely, but he will cut more wood in the
end and it will be accurate. Every effort should be made to saw not only
on the line but also truly vertical, as this will save not only material but a
great deal of unnecessary work at later stages.
D. PLANING (SURFACING)
Either the fore- or jack-plane is used for the first rough levelling,
the try-plane for true leveling and the finely set smoothing-plane for final
surfacing. In planing wide boards the best or face surface should first be
levelled off along, across or diagonally, according to how the grain works
(interlocked grain is best planed diagonally to prevent tearing out), When
the board is out of wind then the try-plane should be capable of taking
fine shavings the full length of the board over the entire area, to be
followed up by the finely set smoothing-plane to ease out any ridges and
roughened patches. When the surface is planed perfectly true and out of
wind it should be marked with a 'face' mark (128B) which should never be
omitted from any piece of prepared wood.
E. SQUARING EDGES
Immediately after the face surface is true, the leading or best edge
should be trued straight in its length and at right angles to the face,
checking carefully with the try-square all along the length; it is then
known as the 'trued' or face edge and is marked accordingly. This is,
perhaps, the most difficult of all planing operations, for while it is
comparatively easy to plane a straight edge with a long try-plane, always
remembering that pressure is applied at the front of the plane at the start
of the stroke and gradually transferred to the back as the plane moves
forward, it is much more difficult to keep the edge truly square to the
face.
Figure 30.
F. SQUARING ENDS
The shooting-board is used for squaring ends, but if the wood is too
wide or too heavy to be held on the board then the ends will have to be
shot in the vice and checked against a long trysquare. The practice of
nicking off the far corner to prevent the grain splintering out is not to be
recommended, and it is advisable to learn how to use the try-plane in both
directions, leading with the left hand, reversing the plane and leading with
the right. An alternative method is to cramp/clamp a block at the far
corner to support the grain, and a similar scrap piece is sometimes
necessary when squaring ends on the shooting-board.
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-5
Title: Plane and Square Stock to Dimension
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, you should
be able to plane and square stock to
dimension
Supplies and Materials: Lumber/ stock
Work on face
Work on edge
Work on end
4. Measure length and
scribe around the
stock. A line square to
the work edge and
work face. Saw off
excess stock near the
line and plane smooth
to the scribed line.
Test the second end
from both the work
face and the work
edge.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
INFORMATION SHEET NO. 4.2-2
CLASSIFICATION OF WOOD JOINTS AND THEIR USES
• Butted joints, either edge to edge, side to side and with or without
additional reinforcement
• Interlocking joints where one piece of wood is cut or shaped to fit
a corresponding socket in the other piece
• Mechanical joints which permit controlled movement
• Knock-down metal or plastic fittings which secure the various wood
sections together to form rigid structures
1. Halving joint
• after marking and cutting, the two parts are glued together with
final external surfaces level
3. Mitre joint
4. Dowel joint
used as substitute for mortise and tenon joint, and securing loose
parts to a product
Figure 37. Dowel joint
8. Dovetail
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ANSWER KEY 4.2-2
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. Miter Joint
2. Halving Joint
4. Dado
5. dovetail joint
INFORMATION SHEET NO. 4.2-3
DESCRIPTION OF MANUFACTURED CABINETS
Figure 43. Two basic methods of cabinet construction are with a face
frame or frameless
The two basic kinds of kitchen cabinets are the wall unit and the
base unit. The surface of the countertop is usually about 36 inches from
the floor. Wall units are installed about 18 inches above the countertop.
This distance is enough to accommodate such articles as coffee makers,
toasters, blenders, and mixers. Yet it keeps the top shelf within reach, not
over 6 feet from the floor. The usual overall height of a kitchen cabinet
installation is 7'-0" .
The standard base cabinet contains one drawer, one door, and an
adjustable shelf. Some base units have no drawers; others contain all
drawers. Double-faced cabinets provide access from both sides. Corner
units/ with round revolving shelves, make corner storage easily accessible
Figure 46. Base cabinets
Figure 47. Tall cabinets are manufactured as oven, utility, and pantry
units
4. Vanity Cabinets. Most vanity base cabinets are made 311/2
inches high and 21 inches deep. Some are made in depths of 16 and 18
inches. Usual widths range from 24 to 36 inches in increments of 3 inches,
then 42,48, and 60 inches. They are available with several combinations
of doors and drawers, depending on their width- Various sizes and styles
of vanity wall cabinets are also manufactured.
Figure 48. Vanity cabinets are made similar to kitchen cabinets, but
differ in size
MATCHING TYPE. Choose from the letters under Column B the answers
in Column A. Write your answer on the space provided.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it
right, refer back to corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. b
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. c
INFORMATION SHEET NO. 4.2-4
LAYING OUT MANUFACTURED KITCHEN CABINETS
Computer Layouts
Cabinets must be installed level and plumb even though floors are
not always level and walls not always plumb. Level lines are first drawn on
the wall for base and wall cabinets. In order to level base cabinets that set
on an unlevel floor, either shim the cabinets from the high point of the
floor or scribe and fit the cabinets to the floor from lowest point on the
floor. Shimming the base cabinets leaves a space that must be later
covered by a molding. Scribing and fitting the cabinets to the floor
eliminate the need for a molding. The method used depends on the
various conditions of the job. If shimming base cabinets, layout the level
lines on the wall from the highest point of the floors where cabinets are to
be installed. If fitting cabinets to the floor, measure up from the lowest
point.
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
Direct Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did my measurements corresponds to
the measurements on the drawing?
• After laying-out the tops of the base cabinets
and the bottom of the wall units, is the
measurement from the first and second line
equal to 19 ½ inches?
• Did I located the studs on the framed wall and
draw plumb lines on the wall?
• Did I marked the outlines of all cabinets on the
wall to visualize and check the cabinet
locations against the layout?
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-5b
Title: Installing Wall Units
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, you should
be able to install wall units
Supplies and Materials: Working Drawing/ Plan
Lumber, plywood, fasteners
Tools and Equipment: • Hammer • Chalk Line
• Marking Tools • Water Hose Level
• Measuring Tools • Plumb Bob
• Nylon String • Hand Saw
• Steel Square • PPE
• Try-square • Circular Saw
• Hand Saw
Steps/ Procedures:
• On the wall, measure from the line representing the outside of the
cabinet to the stud centers
• Transfer the measurements to the cabinets
• Drill shank holes for mounting screws through mounting rails
usually installed at the top and bottom of the cabinet
• Place the cabinet on the supporting strip or stand so its bottom is
on the level layout line
• Fasten the cabinet in place with mounting screws of sufficient
length to hold the cabinet securely
• Do not fully tighten the screws
2b. On masonry walls, first drill holes through the mounting strips.
Place the cabinet in position, and mark the location of the drilled holes
on the wall. Remove the cabinet. Drill holes into the masonry wall for
lead inserts. Replace the cabinet, and screw in place.
• Align the adjoining stiles so their faces are flush with each other
• Clamp them together with C-clamps
• Screw the stiles tightly together
• Continue this procedure around the room
Date Document No.
Carpentry NC III Developed: Issued by:
JZGMSAT October 22,
2010 Page 68 of
QA Install Built-In/Pre-
Developed by: 123
SYSTEM Fabricated Glenn F.
Cabinets Salandanan Revision #
• Tighten all mounting screws
CRITERIA YES NO
• Are all doors and adjustable shelves removed
before installing the cabinet?
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I started installing the base cabinets in the
corners first?
1. After the base units are fastened in position, the countertop is cut to
length. It is fastened on top of the base units and against the wall.
The backsplash can be scribed, limited by the thickness of its
scribing strip/ to an irregular wall surface. Use pencil dividers to
scribe a line on the top edge of the backsplash. Then plane or belt
sand to the scribed line.
2. Fasten the countertop to the base cabinets with screws up through
triangular blocks usually installed in the top corners of base units.
Use a stop on the drill bit. This prevents drilling through the
countertop. Use screws of sufficient length, but not so long that they
penetrate the countertop.
3. Exposed cut ends of postformed countertops are covered by
specially shaped pieces of plastic laminate.
4. Sink cutouts are made by carefully outlining the cutout and cutting
with a saber saw. The cutout pattern usually comes with the sink.
Use a fine tooth blade to prevent chipping out the face of the mica
beyond the sink. Some duct tape applied to the base of the saber
saw will prevent scratching of the countertop when making the
cutout.
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-6a
Title: Install Manufactured Countertop
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, you should
be able to install manufactured countertop
Supplies and Materials: Working Drawing/ Plan
Lumber, plywood, fasteners
Tools and Equipment: • Hammer • Chalk Line
• Marking Tools • Water Hose Level
• Measuring Tools • Plumb Bob
• Nylon String • Hand Saw
• Steel Square • PPE
• Try-square • Circular Saw
• Hand Saw
Steps/Procedure:
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-6a
CRITERIA YES NO
2. Place one end in position. Plumb the outside edge. Use shims
between it and the wall and floor, if necessary, to hold it steady.
3. Adjust the pencil dividers to the same distance the top end
projects above the top cleat. Scribe this amount on the
bottom.
4. Cut the bottom end to the scribed line to fit to the floor.
5. Place the end back in position. Its bottom end should fit the
floor. Top end should be flush and level with the top edge of the
top cleat, and its outside edge plumb.
10. Fasten the cabinet end in position. Nail into the end of the
cabinet bottom and into the ends of the wall cleats (as shown
below).
11. Cut and install the other end in the same manner.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
CRITERIA YES NO
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-6c
CRITERIA YES NO
Drawers are classified as overlay, lipped, and flush in the same way
as doors. In a cabinet installation, the drawer type should match the door
type.
Drawer Construction
Drawer fronts are generally made from the same material as the
cabinet doors. Drawer sides and backs are generally 1/2 inch thick. They
may be made of solid lumber/ plywood, or particleboard. Medium-density
fiberboard with a printed wood grain is also manufactured for use as
drawer sides and backs. The drawer bottom is usually made of 1/4-inch
plywood or hardboard. Small drawers may have 1/8-inch hardboard
bottoms.
Drawer Joints
Typical joints between the front and sides of drawers are the
dovetail, lock, and rabbet joints. The dovetail joint is used in higher-
quality drawer construction. It takes a longer time to make, but is the
strongest. Dovetail drawer joints may be made using a router and a
dovetail template. The lock joint is simpler. It can be easily made using
a table saw. The rabbet joint is the easiest to make. However, it must be
strengthened with fasteners in addition to glue.
This helps prevents the drawer back from being pulled off if the
contents get stuck while opening the drawer.
The drawer bottom is fitted into a groove on all four sides of the
drawer. In some cases, the drawer back is made narrower, the four sides
assembled, the bottom slipped in the groove, and its back edge fastened
to the bottom edge of the drawer back.
1. Cut the drawer sides to height and length. The height should be
about 1/8 inch less than the height of the drawer opening. If metal
drawer guides are used, the height of the drawer sides depends on the
type and manufacturer of the drawer guide. Care must be taken not to
make the drawer sides too long. They are usually made 22 inches long
for a standard base cabinet.
2. Dado the sides for the back and front of the drawer, 1/4 inch
deep as shown below. The dadoes are cut to the same depth so the
front and back can be cut to the same length.
Overlay drawer sides are dadoed on the front and back ends
3. Cut the false fronts and backs to width and length. The width
is the same as the drawer sides. The length determines the overall width
of the drawer. The length should be such to allow the proper
clearance between the drawer sides and the opening. This depends on
t he type of drawer guides used. A clearance of 1/2 inch on each side
is required for most metal side guides- If the drawers are to slide on
wood guides, generally about 1/8 inch clearance is required on each
side.
4. Rabbet both ends of the false front to fit into the dado in the
drawer sides. Round off and smooth the top edges of all sides, fronts,
and back.
5. Make a groove on all parts for the drawer bottom. The width of
the groove should be such that the drawer bottom will slide easily into
it without being forced. The depth of the groove should be about 1/4
inch, if 1/2-inch drawer sides are used. If the groove is too deep, it
will weaken the sides. If the groove is too shallow, the bottom may
fall out after assembly. The distance from the bottom edge should be
about 3/8 inch to the bottom of the groove (as shown below).
6. Glue and fasten the sides to the back. Slip in the bottom. Do not
apply glue to the bottom- Fasten the false front to the sides.
7. Cut and fasten the overlay front to the drawer with screws
driven from the inside. Care must be taken to position the drawer
front correctly.
Plan view of the overlay drawer.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-7a
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I cut the drawer sides to height and
length?
1. Cut the front 5/8 inch over the opening size on both the
width and length.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-7b
CRITERIA YES NO
1. Did I rabbeted the top and bottom edges to 3/8”X
3/8”?
1. Cut out the drawer front to the overall height and width of
the drawer opening.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.2-7c
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I cut the drawer front to the overall
height and width of the drawer opening?
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Hinges
d. Cabinet Hinges. Hinges come in many styles and finishes for every
type of cabinet. Either full-mortise, full-surface, or half-surface
hinges are used for cabinet work. A few of the designs of cabinet
hinges are shown in Figure 5.
Hinge hasps are like hinges, except for the leaves. One leaf has
screw holes for fastening the hasp in place. The other leaf is longer with a
slot cut near the outer end. A metal loop, riveted to a square metal base,
is used with the hinge hasp. The base of the loop is fastened in place with
four screws. The slot in the long leaf of the hasp fits over the loop. A hinge
hasp is used with a padlock as a locking device. The long leaf of the safety
hasp covers the heads of all screws when it is in the locked position.
d. Dead Bolts. Dead Bolts are used where added security is needed.
They are constructed of very hard steel.
Cabinet pulls or knobs are used on cabinet doors and drawers. They
come in many styles and designs. They are made of metal, plastic, wood,
porcelain, or other material.
Figure 69. A few of the many styles of pulls and knobs used on cabinet
doors and drawers.
5. Door Catches
Kinds of Catches
3. When two screws are used to fasten a pull, drill holes slightly
oversize in case they are a little off center. This allows the
pulls to be fastened easily without cross-threading the screws.
Usually 3/16-inch diameter holes are drilled for 1 / 8 inch machine
screws.
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I installed the finishing hardwares as
per working drawings?
• Are all unexpected situation dealt with in
accordance with company rules and
regulations?
3. When two screws are used to fasten a pull, drill holes slightly
oversize in case they are a little off center. This allows the
pulls to be fastened easily without cross-threading the screws.
Usually 3/16-inch diameter holes are drilled for 1 / 8 inch machine
screws.
Assessment Method:
Portfolio Assessment
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.3-1b
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I installed the finishing hardwares as
per working drawings?
• Are all unexpected situation dealt with in
accordance with company rules and
regulations?
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I installed the finishing hardwares as
per working drawings?
• Are all unexpected situation dealt with in
accordance with company rules and
regulations?
Epoxy
9. a very hard, durable wood filler that can be used to fill any sized
hole from large and gaping to tiny and minuscule
10.commonly used to fill large spaces since it doesn’t react to heat and
cold by expanding and contracting like other wood fillers
12.epoxy molds, shapes and stretches easily when wet, making it ideal
to build up, repair or replace extremely damaged or missing areas
of wood or woodworking projects
Putty
• comes in different colors and shades to match the species of wood
or stain used
• colors may not match perfectly, but closely resemble the wood or
stain so that no extra stain or coloring is required to cover the patch
• oil-based wood putty is available for filling small holes such as nail
holes and joints for a finished look, and remains flexible after drying.
Glue
• for small holes or imperfections in a woodworking project, a quick
wood filler is a clear drying wood glue mixed with some fine sawdust
• glue and sawdust should only be used to patch very small holes or
damages, as it will not hold up structurally or look as good on larger
holes
Sanding Sealers
• as their name implies, these are used to seal the wood and are
made for sanding
Shellac
Pre-Stain Sealers
used on soft woods like pine to allow a more uniform and less
freckled stained finish
be careful with these, you can overseal the bare wood so that it
will not take any stain.
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.3-2
Title: Steps in Using Wood Filler
1. Sand Holes
• A nail or screw hole has to be tidied before filler can be applied
• Rotate a flat head screwdriver in the hole to be filled as this will
clean it of any immediate debris
• Use a small piece of sandpaper to gently rub away at the edges
of the hole
• Be sure to cut away any loose wood fibers with a Stanley knife
or small pair of scissors
• Ignore this step and a paint layer will have visible edges on the
surface after painting
2. 2. Apply Filler
1. Get a paste-base wood filler and apply it in the neatened hole
2. Spread enough filler into the hole so a small excess will be left
above the surface
3. Sand down excess to leave a perfectly level surface to paint on
4. Do this for all the holes that need filling.
5. Do not use a liquid-based filler, as this is only required for refined
grained wood patterns
3 3. Sand Filler
1. Allow the filler to dry before any attempts are made to sand
2. Use a medium or high grain sandpaper and apply even pressure
to the areas where you have used the wood filler
3. Sand the filler as even to the surface
4. If you do not refine the wood filler with sandpaper, the filled areas
will stick out once paint dries over them.
4. 4. Clean
1. Use a large cloth and some hot water to gently wipe over the
surface you have been working on
2. Alternatively, use a small amount of paint thinner on the cloth to
strip away any flaky areas of paint and woodwork
3. Allow the water or thinner to dry and check that the debris has
been cleared
5. Check
1. Run your hand over the top of the surface that will be painted; it
should feel smooth and even over the entire area
2. Sand away any lumps you come across
3. Carefully check the surface for any small holes you may have
missed and apply extra wood filler accordingly.
4. Apply a layer of primer with a large paintbrush and you are ready
to paint once it has dried.
Assessment Method:
Observation
Performance Criteria Checklist
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
OPERATION SHEET NO. 4.3-2
CRITERIA YES NO
• Did I filled all holes and covered wood
imperfections using wood filler?
Drawer Guides
There are many ways of guiding drawers. The type of drawer guide
selected affects the size of the drawer. The drawer must be supported
level and guided sideways. It must also be kept from tilting down when
opened.
Figure 72. Simple center wood drawer guide. The back of the drawer is
notched to run on the guide
Another type of wood guide is the grooved center strip. The strip is
placed in the center of the opening from front to back. A matching strip is
fastened to the drawer bottom. In addition to guiding the drawer, this
system keeps it from tilting when opened, eliminating the need for drawer
kickers.
Figure 73. the grooved center wood drawer guide eliminates the need
of a kicker.
Another type of wood guide is a rabbeted strip. Strips are used on
each side of the drawer opening. The drawer sides fit into and slide along
the rabbeted pieces. Sometimes these guides are made up of two pieces
instead of rabbeting one piece. A kicker above the drawer is necessary
with this type guide.
Figure 74. Rabbeted wood guides are installed on each side of the
drawer.
There are many different types of metal drawer guides. Some have
a single track mounted on the bottom center of the opening- Others may
be centered above or on each side of the drawer. Nylon rollers mounted
on the drawer ride in the track of the guide.
Figure 75. Installing metal drawer guides