ACCESS CONTROL

OFFICER

GRADE D
E-BOOK
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In terms of this copyright Act 1978

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Wise Guy Academy

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Wise Guy Security Training Academy (Pty) Ltd

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Office.: 021 376 7196

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(i.e Saturday’s 08h00 – 13h00)

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For corporate enquiries please contact:

Email address: rafee@wiseguysecurity.co.za

For any queries on how to purchase this course please feel free to contact us.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

MODULE TOPIC PAGE

1. BASIC FIRE FIGHTING 3– 6

2. RADIO COMMUNICATION 7–11

3. BASIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 12 – 15

4. PUBLIC RELATIONS 16 – 18

5. POCKET BOOKS 19 – 20

6. ACCESS CONTROL 21 – 24

7. SEARCH PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES 25 – 29

8. LEGAL ASPECTS 30 – 32

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MODULE 1

BASIC FIRE
FIGHTING

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DO’S OF FIGHTING FIRE

• Ensure that escape route is available

• Follow instructions on the extinguisher
• Break the seal and remove the safety device
• Check the unit (extinguisher) is operating properly
• Apply the extinguisher to the base of the fire
• Adopt a crouch position when approaching the fire
• Keep alert for any change in the fire pattern
• Switch off all electrical mains
• Ensure that fire is completely extinguished to avoid
sparks rekindling
• The security officer must do everything possible to prevent
the fire from spreading
• The security officer must not cover small fires with a blanket
• The security officer must remove all combustible materials
•

THINGS YOU DON’T HAVE TO DO WHEN FIGHTING FIRE

• Do not put yourself at risk by tackling a fire that is too big
• Never tilt or invert any extinguisher unless it is a turnover type
• Never walk on spillage areas
• Never turn your back on fire
• Never use an extinguisher that is not meant for a
particular class of fire

THE 5 BASIC CLASSES OF FIRE

Class A-Combustible Solids

• Fires involving solid combustible material eg. coal,

wood, paper, and plastic and textiles

Class B-Flammable Liquids

• Fires involving flammable liquids and greases eg.

alcohol, paraffin benzene and petrol

Class C-Electrical Fires

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 • Class A,B,C,E fires occurring in the presence of live electrical
installations eg, generators, electrical cables and switchboards

Class D-Combustible Metals

• Fires involving metals such as magnesium, sodium,

potassium, aluminum

Class E-Flammable Gasses

• Fires involving metals such as methane, butane and propane

NAME TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS AND INDICATE HOW

TO RECOGNIZE THEM
TYPE OF EXTINGUISHER LABLE (COLOUR)
Water (H2O) Red
Carbon dioxide ( CO2) Black
Dry chemical powder (DCP) Blue
Vaporizing liquid Cream
BCF (Bromochlorodifloromethane) Green

THE ELEMENTS OF FIRE

• Fuel
• Oxygen
• Heat
• Chain Reaction

METHODS THAT CAN BE USED TO STARVE FIRE

• Close doors and windows

• Throw sand on fire
• Turn off all electrical mains
• Hose down hot walls, floors, and on fire
• Blanket pockets of fire with wet blanket
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 • Keep bystanders away
• Clear gates and paths for fire brigade officers
• Indicate location of fire to fire brigade officers

WHAT MUST A SECURITY OFFICER KNOW WHEN HE

ASSUMES DUTY IN TERMS OF FIRE FIGHTING?

• He must know the whereabouts of firefighting

equipment serving the area
• Fire alarm systems in the area
• Inspect the area for any fire hazards
• Know what to do in the event of fire
• Be aware of the common fire hazards e.g. light materials,
textiles, dusts of all kinds, flammable oils and greases,
flammable liquids, flammable gasses, heating processes,
welding, ovens, electrical hazards like frayed lines or
cords, coal piles, stored plastics

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 MODULE 2

RADIO
COMMUNICA-
TION

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 LIST 3 DO’S OF RADIO COMMUNICATION (USE OF RADIO’S)

• Keep radio/control room secured

• Use radio to transmit only official messages
• Handle radio with care
• Treat radio as technical equipment

MENTION 3 DON’TS OF RADIO COMMUNICATION

• Don’t use abusive language over the radio

• Do not play music in the background
• Don’t occupy the airwaves with unnecessary calls
• Don’t expose the radio to sun, heat, water, dust

MENTION THE PHONETIC ALPHABETS FROM A – Z

A –Alpha H – Hotel O – Oscar V – Victor

B – Bravo I – India P – Papa W – Whiskey
C – Charlie J – Juliet Q – Quebec X – X-Ray
D – Delta K – Kilo R – Romeo Y – Yankee
E – Echo L – Lima S – Sierra Z - Zulu
F – Foxtrot M – Mike T – Tango
G - Golf N - November U - Uniform

WHAT IS A RELAY MESSAGE?

• Sometimes two stations are not able to speak to each other if

there is a station, which has communication with both stations than
this station may be used as a relay

WHY DO YOU USE PHONETIC ALPHABETS OVER THE RADIO?

• Enable difficult words and names to be spelt correctly and

understood

HOW DO YOU UNDERSTAND THE FOLLOWING TWO-WAY RADIO

CODES?
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 COMMON PHRASES

ROGER Message received and understood

SITREP Situation Report
MAYDAY Emergency Call
OUT Message is complete, do not reply
OVER Message is complete, I’m expecting a
reply
SAY AGAIN Repeat your message
I SAY AGAIN I repeat my message
RELAY TO Pass on message to
ABBREVIATED Unofficial domestic call signs used by
CALL individuals or companies
CALL SIGN Call sign reflecting on radio license of a
company

THINGS TO CHECK BEFORE BOOKING OUT A RADIO

Antenna Condition of radio Radio number

Battery Switch Volume

Channel Squelch

THE PRINCIPLE OF GOOD VOICE PROCEDURES ARE DEFINED BY

THESES KEY WORDS ‘’BASS’’ AND ‘’RSVP’’. WHAT DO THEY STAND
FOR?

B – Brief Message must be brief and contain only important

facts
A – Accurate Details given must be clear and accurate
S – Security Never transmit classified information unless
disguised
S – Speed Do not rush the message but be brief and concise

R – Rhythm Use short phrases with pauses

S – Speed Remember the receiver may wish to write down
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 the message
V – Volume Do not shout but speak slightly louder than
normal
P - Pitch Pitch the voice slightly higher than normal

HOW WILL YOU ANSWER THE TELEPHONE IN A

PROFESSIONAL WAY?

• Identify the company you are working for

• Identify yourself by mentioning your name
• Greet the caller in a friendly manner
• Indicate that you are there to help and assist the person

WHAT ARE THE GUIDELINES FOR MAKING A GOOD

IMPRESSION OVER THE TELEPHONE?

Answer the phone Nobody likes waiting on the phone

immediately
Be easy to get hold of It is important to let people know you
are out of office and when and how
you can be reached
What do you sound like to Cheerfulness, clarity and tempo are
other people? important
Be cheerful This makes the caller feel better and
welcome
Speak naturally The best telephone voice is your own
voice so speak naturally. Do not
change your voice
Don’t shunt the caller around Make sure you direct the caller
properly
Find out who the speaker is In a tactful way, let the caller identify
himself
Don’t trust your memory Write message down, indicating time
and

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THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS

• Waiting for a break in air traffic

• Establishing contact
• Sending the message
• Ending contact

Waiting for a break in air traffic

• Never interrupt other traffic unless it is an emergency

Establishing contact
• First identify yourself e.g. “echo this is delta – message –over”
Response “echo – send meassage –over”

Sending the message

• When you have established contact, identify yourself by using your
call sign then mention the other party’s call sign. Everytime a
message has been completed and a response is needed, end with
the word “over”

Ending contact
• End the transmission with the word “out”
• Other stations on the net will know that the channel is open for
new communication

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MODULE 3

BASIC
OCCUPATIO-
NAL SAFETY
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Definition of an accident

• An accident is defined as an- Undesirable- event often caused by

- Unsafe Acts-and - Unsafe Conditions

LIST BASIC CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

• Lack of knowledge
• Improper attitude
• Physical or mental defects
• Inadequate work standards / poor work standards
• Unsafe conditions

NAME WAYS THAT A SECURITY OFFICER WILL USE TO

RECOGNIZE SAFETY SIGNS

• Shape
• Color
• Pictogram ( picture )

LIST CATEGORIES OF SAFETY SIGNS PROVIDED BY THE

SOUTH AFRICAN BUREAU OF STANDARDS

• General Information
• Fire Information
• Warning Information
• Mandatory Information
• Prohibitory Information

STATE UNSAFE ACTS IN A WORK PLACE

• Driving a forklift at a high speed in a work place

• Fooling, teasing and abusing whilst working
• Arranging items, equipment in an unsafe manner / way
• Failure to secure machinery and materials
• Rendering devices inoperative

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LIST 3 UNSAFE CONDITIONS

• Uneven floors
• Slippery floors
• Unsafe construction
• Poorly illuminated places
• Lack of guards
• Unsafe storage of hazardous substances
• Committing unsafe acts
• Creating unsafe conditions

HOW ARE UNSAFE ACTS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS REPORTED?

• Report to the supervisor

• If no supervisor record in Occurrence Book ( OB)
• Bring entry and recording to management attention

EXPLAIN IN DETAIL WHAT YOU MEAN BY GENERAL,

FIRE, WARNING, MANDATORY, AND PROHIBITORY
INFORMATION

GENERAL INFORMATION

• Has a square shape with a green background and a white picture

• It provides information on Directional arrows, Emergency exit
and First Aid signs

FIRE INFORMATION

• Has a square shape with a white background, red border and

red picture
• It gives information as to the location of firefighting equipment

WARNING INFORMATION

• Triangular in shape, yellow with black border and black picture

• Warns you of a potential danger, hazard or radiation ahead or at
a given place

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PROHIBITORY INFORMATION

• Circular in shape, with a white background, red border and

red picture.
• It stops or prevents individuals from doing certain activities
in certain areas

MANDATORY INFORMATION

• Circular in shape with a blue background and a white picture

• It is a legal requirement that has to be obeyed

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MODULE 4

PUBLIC
RELATIONS

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A security officer is the first to be seen by a visitor
If the visitor sees that the security officer is sloppy, dirty
and wearing incomplete uniform, the first impression of the
company and security officer will be poor

BASIC WAYS OF REINFORCING RELATIONS WITH THE

PUBLIC (FAVOURABLE IMPRESSION)

• By being professional ( image, pride, actions, communication )

• By rendering a good and efficient protection service at all times
• By paying immediate attention to each task that has to
be executed
• Treat all visitors with respect and not use slang or
dirty language
• By always being polite towards people
• Wear full uniform and make sure it is clean
• Have a professional attitude
• Communicate effectively
• Be smartly dressed
• Show concern
• Demonstrate good manners

THINGS THAT THE SECURITY OFFICER MUST DO WHEN

ADDRESSING A CLIENT (FAVOURABLE IMPRESSION)

• Be respectful
• Show concern
• Be helpful
• Be courteous
• Be tactful

UNFAVOURABLE OR BAD IMPRESSIONS A SECURITY

OFFICER MUST NOT EXHIBIT IN PUBLIC

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• Exploitation – abuse of power
• Poor attitude
• Crude speech
• Incomplete uniform
• Rude
• Impoliteness
• Abuse of authority
• Rumor spreading
• Untidiness
• Incompetent
• Lack of respect
• Poor attitude
• Poor Communication

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MODULE 5

POCKET
BOOKS

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REASONS FOR KEEPING A POCKET BOOK

• To provide a permanent personal record on hours of duty and

work performance
• For recording instructions, messages and incidents during
course of duty
• To record details of found property
• To record particulars of fire, accidents suspicious persons
and vehicles
• To record all arrests made
• To record all irregularities and hazards observed during the
period of work

MENTION GOOD WAYS OF MAINTAINING A POCKET BOOK

• Must always be kept clean and tidy

• No pages must be removed or torn out
• Do not skip lines
• When an entry is wrong cancel neatly
• Never use tipex
• Use a black pen in making entries
• Do not erase, alter or change entries

RECORDING OF INFORMATION
• The security officer should be able to answer the following
questions regarding incidents recorded in the Occurrence Book
or his/her pocket book:
• What happened and his/her involvement
• Who else was involved?
• When did it happen? (exact time and date)
• Where did it happen? (exact location)
• How did it happen?
• Why it happened? (maybe unsafe acts or conditions)

WHY IS THE POCKET BOOK REGARDED AS AN OFFICIAL

DOCUMENT OR A LEGAL DOCUMENT? (EVIDENCE IN COURT)

• Used to remind particulars of a case to be used in court

• Particulars of arrests and investigations to be used in court
• Serves as information aiding / assisting in investigation
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MODULE 6

ACCESS
CONTROL

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WHAT IS ACCESS CONTROL?

It is the application of systems and methods to control access, entry,

and passage of people, vehicles and parcels in and out of premises

REASONS FOR ACCESS CONTROL

• Who must have access and to which place / area

• How are they identified
• How are they monitored
• Egress procedure
• Observing all orders relating to access control

FUNCTIONS OF ACCESS CONTROL

• Supervising all entries and exits of all employees

• Regulating all parcels entering and leaving the premises
• Issuing of permits to authorized visitors
• Keeping a visitor’s log book
• Conducting searches
• Maintaining records of all vehicles entering or leaving
the premises
• Controlling of visitors and contractors entering and leaving
the premises

THE 3 ‘D’ PRINCIPLES

• DENIAL – this is the first line of defense and it includes all measures
and aids that are used to prevent all unauthorized persons from
entering the premises e.g. Gates, guards, fences, etc.

• DETECTION – if the enemy or the adversary succeeds to break

through the first line of defense, he has to be discovered to stop
him from committing a crime

• The use of dogs, guards, alarms, CCTV can help in this direction

• DETERRENCE – the more barriers the lesser the chances of the

intruder achieving his aim. This is a psychological deterrent which
often turn adversaries away. e.g. fences, alarms, dogs, gates

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AIDS THAT CAN ASSIST A SECURITY OFFICER IN
ACCESS CONTROL

• Fences
• Alarms
• Lights
• Locks
• Guards
• Safes
• CCTV
• Strong rooms
• Firearms
• Burglar proofing
• Electronic gates / booms

DISCUSS DENIAL IN THE 3”D” PRINCIPLE

• Deny access to all unauthorized people and vehicles
• Deny access to people without appointment
• Deny access to people with unregistered firearms
• Deny access to rude people
• Deny access to shabbily dressed individuals
• Deny access to people with criminal intentions
• Deny access to people on drugs
• Deny access to drunk individuals
• Deny access to all individuals and vehicles that do not
any business to do on the premises
• Deny access to people with criminal intentions

SECURITY KNOWLEDGE IS NEEDED IN ACCESS CONTROL

• Task description
• Legal Aspects
• Permits and waybills
• Immediate Action Drills
• Powers of observation
• Behavioral patterns
• One official language
• Radio communication

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 • Emergency procedures
• Access and Egress procedures
• Utilizing available Aids

ADDITIONAL MEASURES THAT CAN BE USED TO DENY

THE ADVERSARY / ENEMY ACCESS TO THE PREMISES

• Zoning / dividing the premises

• Security awareness programmers
• Escorting
• Burglar proofing of windows and doors
• Nobody to visit premises without proper appointment

ACCESS CONTROL PROCEDURES

• Greet the visitor

• Ask if you could be of help or assistance
• Ask him to identify himself by the use of ID document
• Determine who / what department he wants to visit
• Determine whether he has an appointment
• Determine if he has a firearm to declare
• Issue a receipt for firearm
• Put firearm away in a safe
• Complete visitors register
• Issue permit and arrange for escort
• Take permit back on leaving the premises
• Ask if he has any company property to declare
• Search
• Handover firearm
• Write time of leaving
• Thank visitor for his time and
• Wish him a safe journey

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 MODULE 7

SEARCH
PROCEDURE
AND
TECHNIQUES
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GOLDEN RULES OF SEARCHING

• Identify the person

• Ask permission
• Search systematically and thoroughly
• Put yourself in place of the person to be searched
and determine where you would hide an article
• Be alert against any possible attack
• A search must always be done within the bounds of the law
i.e. the CPA 51 / 1977

THINGS TO LOOK FOR WHEN MAKING A SEARCH

• Suspicious objects
• Weapons
• Precious metals
• Stolen property
• Drugs / liquor

PLACES TO SEARCH ON A PASSENGER VEHICLE

• Dashboard
• Behind dashboard
• Under seats
• Under movable mats
• Wind down windows
• Check all seats
• Pockets / cubby holes

PLACES TO BE CHECKED ON A MOTORCYCLE

• Petrol tank
• Toolbox or case
• Rubber handle’s/grips
• Foot rest
• Lamps
• Mudguards and all hollow
• Tubular framework should be examined

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PLACES TO CHECK ON A COMMERCIAL VEHICLE

• Between twin rear tire’s

• Packing sacks or containers
• Drivers cab
• Along the chassis
• Under seat of the cab
• Inside of spare wheel
• Look for false bottoms in vehicles with wooden bodies

PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED IN ROUTINE CHECKS

• Obtain permission to check

• Request person to stand with hands raised and legs apart
• Run hands quickly and thoroughly over the person’s body
• Clothing should be rolled between the fingers to discover
even the smallest object
• If a suspect, let him stand facing the wall, or vehicle with
his hands on the structure

THINGS TO CHECK ON AN ID

• Photograph – compare photograph in document with person

• Stamp – ensure stamp is genuine and original
• Condition of the ID document – check the date of issue
against condition of document
• Avoid leading questions

PROCEDURES TO ADOPT IN SELECTING COMPANY

EMPLOYEES FOR SEARCHING

• Don’t discriminate against race, sex, religion

• Don’t select the same person every day
• Stay friendly
• Don’t make jokes about the search
• Select the person that must be searched
• Get his permission for the search
• Escort him to the searching room (Cubicle)
• There must be a witness present

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 • Ask the employee whether he has any company property
to declare
• If he admits – ask him to produce it
• If not search him
• If the search is negative, thank him for his co-operation
• If the search is positive, arrest him

PROCEDURES TO FOLLOW BEFORE YOU SEARCH A PERSON

• Request permission to search

• Ask if he has anything to declare
• Ask him to empty his pockets
• Then search thoroughly

PLACES THAT HAVE TO BE SEARCHED WHEN SEARCHING

A PERSON

• Inside and outside of arms

• Front upper body
• Back upper body
• The stomach
• Inside the thighs
• Turn-ups of trousers, seams and padded areas
• Headgear must be removed and searched
• Overalls, coats, jackets and other clothing in the hand
• Around the collar and tie
• Around the belt
• The front and back of legs
• Lift trousers to inspect socks
• Under shoes ( in front of the heels )

SEARCHING A BRIEFCASE

• Ask permission
• Ask owner to open own briefcase or parcel
• Check for false buttons and compartments
• Do not damage anything
• If anything suspicious report to supervisor

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HOW SHOULD A SEARCH BE DONE?

A search must be done decently and orderly

Decency is when a person is searched and orderly is when a property

is searched

NOTE:

• A man can only search a fellow man with his consent

but cannot search a woman even with her consent
• A woman can, however, search a man with his consent
(interesting, isn’t it?)

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MODULE 8

LEGAL
ASPECTS

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WHICH OFFENCES CAN YOU BE GUILTY OF, ACCORDING TO
THE ROAD TRAFFIC ACT 29 / 1989 SECTION 123 WHEN YOU USE
SOMEBODY’S VEHICLE WITHOUT HIS CONSENT?

• Enter or climb upon that vehicle

• Start the vehicle
• Put it in gear
• Tamper with the machinery or any part of the vehicle
• Ride in or drive that vehicle upon a public road
without permission

SEIZURE OF ARTICLES – SECTION 20 OF CPA 51 / 1977

• Articles concerned or used in the commission of a crime

• Articles intended to be used in the commission of the crime
• Articles that can afford evidence in the court of law

SECTION 36 OF THE GENERAL LAW AMENDMENT ACT 62 / 1955

Any person who is found in-possession--of any -- goods-- other than stock
or--produce, to which there is a reasonable ---suspicion that they have been-
stolen--and is unable to give a -reasonable-- account of such a possession,
shall be--- guilty-of an offence and liable on --conviction-- to the penalties,
which may be imposed on a conviction of--- theft--

SECTION 1 (1) OF THE GENERAL AMENDMENT ACT 56 / 1956

Any person who without a bona fide claim---- or-- right--and without the--
consent-- of the -- owner--or person having control thereof, removes any --
property-- from the control of the owner or any other person--competent-- to
give such consent, whether or not he intends throughout to return the--
property-- to the owner or person from whose control he removed it, shall,
unless it is proved that such person, at the time of the removal, had
reasonable--grounds--for believing that the owner or such person would
have--consented-- to such use if he had known about it, shall be--guilty-- of
an offence

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CAN A PERSON USE ANOTHER’S PROPERTY WITHOUT
HIS CONSENT?

No – Section 1(1) of General Amendment Act 56 / 1956 provides that

no person may use another’s property without his consent

REQUIREMENTS FOR SEARCHING WITH CONSENT TO BE VALID.

• Person must be capable to exercise his will

• He must have the authority to consent
• Consent must not be against public morals
• Consent must cover the whole act
• Consent must be voluntary
• Consent must be given by a person who is not under
the influence of drugs or alcohol
• Consent cannot be obtained through the use of force or
a threat

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS

• A person who consents must not be capable to exercise his will

• A person can give consent if he is not under the influence of drug
or alcohol
• if he has no mental defect
• Consent can only be given by a person whose property will
be searched
• If a lady consents to a body search by a man, it will be regarded
as valid
• Consent to search cannot be withdrawn after the act has started
• Consent must cover the whole act
• Consent to search a briefcase is not consent to search a body
• If a person consents to be searched by a specific person,
another person can do the search
• Consent must be voluntary
• Consent can be obtained through the use of threats
• Consent obtained through fraudulent means is valid
• If a person does not understand the implications of the consent
it shall be valid

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