N16/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ0/XX

Chemistry
Higher level
Paper 1

Monday 14 November 2016 (morning)

1 hour

Instructions to candidates

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

• Answer all the questions.
• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
• The periodic table is provided for reference on page 2 of this examination paper.
• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].

8816 – 6101
15 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2016
 The Periodic Table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 Atomic number
2
1 H He
1.01 4.00
Element
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.94 9.01 Relative atomic mass 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.63 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.90

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
–2–

85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29

55 56 57 † 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)

87 88 89 ‡ 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Unt Uug Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (281) (285) (286) (289) (288) (293) (294) (294)

† 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.05 174.97

‡
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)
N16/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ0/XX
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1. Which volume, in cm3, of 0.20 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) is needed to neutralize 0.050 mol of H2S (g)?

H2S (g) + 2NaOH (aq) → Na2S (aq) + 2H2O (l)

A. 0.25

B. 0.50

C. 250

D. 500

2. The complete combustion of 15.0 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon X produces 60.0 cm3 of carbon

dioxide gas and 75.0 cm3 of water vapour. What is the molecular formula of X? (All volumes are
measured at the same temperature and pressure.)

A. C4H6

B. C4H8

C. C4H10

D. C6H10

3. 5.0 mol of Fe2O3 (s) and 6.0 mol of CO (g) react according to the equation below. What is the
limiting reactant and how many moles of the excess reactant remain unreacted?

Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO (g) → 2Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g)

Moles of excess reactant

Limiting reactant
remaining
A. CO 2.0

B. CO 3.0

C. Fe2O3 1.0

D. Fe2O3 2.0

Turn over
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4. Which is correct for the line emission spectrum for hydrogen?

M N O P QR

A. Line M has a higher energy than line N.

B. Line N has a lower frequency than line M.

C. Line M has a longer wavelength than line N.

D. Lines converge at lower energy.

5. Which representation would be correct for a species, Z, which has 31 protons, 40 neutrons and
28 electrons?

71 3+
A. 1 Z
3 

71 3-
B. 1 Z
3 

71 3+
C. 0 Z
4 

71 3+
D. 8 Z
2 

6. A period 3 element, M, forms an oxide of the type M2O. Which represents the first four successive
ionization energies of M?

Ionization energy / kJ mol-1

First Second Third Fourth

A. 496 4563 6913 9544

B. 738 1451 7733 10541

C. 578 1817 2745 11578

D. 787 1577 3232 4356

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7. Which property increases down group 17, the halogens?

A. Electron affinity

B. Boiling point

C. First ionization energy

D. Reactivity

8. Which correctly describes the reaction between potassium and excess water?

A. The reaction is endothermic.

B. The final products of the reaction are potassium oxide and hydrogen.

C. The final products of the reaction are potassium hydroxide and hydrogen.

D. The final pH of the solution is 7.

9. The oxidation state of cobalt in the complex ion [Co(NH3)5Br]x is +3. Which of the following
statements are correct?

I. The overall charge, x, of the complex ion is 2+.

II. The complex ion is octahedral.
III. The cobalt(III) ion has a half-filled d-subshell.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

10. What is the correct explanation for the colour of [Cu(H2O)6]2+?

A. Light is absorbed when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.

B. Light is released when an electron moves to a d orbital of higher energy.

C. Light is absorbed when electrons move from the ligands to the central metal ion.

D. Light is absorbed when electrons move between d and s orbitals.

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11. How many electrons form the carbon–oxygen bond in methanal, HCHO?

A. 2

B. 4

C. 8

D. 12

12. Between which pair of molecules can hydrogen bonding occur?

A. CH4 and H2O

B. CH3OCH3 and CF4

C. CH4 and HF

D. CH3OH and H2O

13. Which substance has a giant covalent structure?

Electrical
Melting point / °C Solubility in water conductivity in the
molten state

A. 186 high none

B. 801 high good

C. 1083 low good

D. 1710 low none

14. Which species has bond angles of 90°?

A. AlCl4-

B. ICl4-

C. NH4+

D. SiCl4
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15. What is the hybridization of the numbered atoms in ethanoic acid?

H
O

H C C
1 2
O H
H 3

Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3

A. sp3 sp sp2

B. sp3 sp2 sp

C. sp2 sp3 sp2

D. sp3 sp2 sp3

16. Hydrazine reacts with oxygen.

N2H4 (l) + O2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2H2O (l) ΔH Ö = - 623 kJ

What is the standard enthalpy of formation of N2H4 (l) in kJ? The standard enthalpy of formation
of H2O (l) is - 286 kJ.

A. -623 - 286

B. -623 + 572

C. -572 + 623

D. -286 + 623

17. 5.35 g of solid ammonium chloride, NH4Cl (s), was added to water to form 25.0 g of solution.
The maximum decrease in temperature was 14 K. What is the enthalpy change, in kJ mol-1,
for this reaction? (Molar mass of NH4Cl = 53.5 g mol-1; the specific heat capacity of the solution
is 4.18 J g-1 K-1)

25.0 × 4.18 × (14 + 273)

A. ΔH = + 
0.1 × 1000

25.0 × 4.18 × 14
B. ΔH = - 
0.1 × 1000

25.0 × 4.18 × 14
C. ΔH = + 
0.1 × 1000

25.0 × 4.18 × 14
D. ΔH = + 
1000

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18. Which represents the enthalpy change of hydration of the chloride ion?

A. Cl- (g) Cl- (aq)
H 2O

Cl- (aq)
H 2O
B. Cl (g)

1
Cl- (aq)
H 2O
C. Cl2 (g)
2
1
Cl- (aq)
H 2O
D. Cl2 (aq)
2

19. Which ionic compound has the largest value of lattice enthalpy?

A. MgS

B. MgO

C. CaBr2

D. NaF

20. Which experimental methods could be used to observe the progress of the following reaction?

Cr2O72- (aq) + 6I- (aq) + 14H+ (aq) → 2Cr3+ (aq) + 3I2 (aq) + 7H2O (l)

I. Change in colour
II. Change in mass
III. Change in electrical conductivity

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

21. Which statement describes the characteristics of a transition state relative to the potential energy
of the reactants and products?

A. It is an unstable species with lower potential energy.

B. It is an unstable species with higher potential energy.

C. It is a stable species with lower potential energy.

D. It is a stable species with higher potential energy.

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22. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution proceeds as follows.

2H2O2 (aq) → 2H2O (l) + O2 (g)

The rate expression for the reaction was found to be: rate = k [H2O2].

Which graph is consistent with the given rate expression?

A. B.

Rate / Rate /
mol dm-3 s-1 mol dm-3 s-1

[H2O2] / mol dm-3 [H2O2] / mol dm-3

C. D.

[H2O2] / [H2O2] /
mol dm-3 mol dm-3

Time / s Time / s

− Ea
23. The rate constant, k, is commonly described by the Arrhenius equation: k = Ae RT .
Which of the following statements are correct?

I. A greater Ea value results in a smaller k value.

II. Reactions of less complex molecules usually have a greater value of A.
1
III. The slope (gradient) of ln k versus equals Ea.
T
A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

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24. What happens when the temperature of the following equilibrium system is increased?

CO (g) + 2H2 (g)  CH3OH (g) ∆H Ö = -91 kJ

Reaction rates of forward

Position of equilibrium
and reverse reactions
A. shifts to the left increase

B. shifts to the left decrease

C. shifts to the right decrease

D. shifts to the right increase

25. A mixture of 0.40 mol of CO (g) and 0.40 mol of H2 (g) was placed in a 1.00 dm3 vessel.
The following equilibrium was established.

CO (g) + 2H2 (g)  CH3OH (g)

At equilibrium, the mixture contained 0.25 mol of CO (g). How many moles of H2 (g) and CH3OH (g)
were present at equilibrium?

Equilibrium mol of H2 Equilibrium mol of CH3OH

A. 0.25 0.15

B. 0.50 0.25

C. 0.30 0.25

D. 0.10 0.15

26. Which species behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases in the following reaction?

H2SO4 + HNO3  H2NO3+ + HSO4-

A. HNO3 and HSO4-

B. HNO3 and H2NO3+

C. H2SO4 and HSO4-

D. H2NO3+ and HSO4-

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27. What occurs when solid sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with aqueous sulfuric acid?

A. Bubbles of sulfur dioxide form.

B. Bubbles of both hydrogen and carbon dioxide form.

C. Bubbles of hydrogen form.

D. Bubbles of carbon dioxide form.

28. Which mixture is a buffer solution?

A. 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NH3 (aq) and 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)

B. 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NH3 (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)

C. 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)

D. 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) and 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 HCl (aq)

29. Which salt solution has the highest pH?

A. NH4Cl

B. Ca (NO3)2

C. Na2CO3

D. K2SO4

30. Which is a correct statement for the reaction below?

2MnO4- (aq) + 6H+ (aq) + 5NO2- (aq) → 2Mn2+ (aq) + 5NO3- (aq) + 3H2O (l)

A. MnO4- is the reducing agent and the oxidation number of Mn increases.

B. MnO4- is the oxidizing agent and the oxidation number of Mn decreases.

C. NO2- is the reducing agent and the oxidation number of N decreases.

D. NO2- is the oxidizing agent and the oxidation number of N increases.

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31. A voltaic cell is constructed from zinc and copper half-cells. Zinc is more reactive than copper.
Which statement is correct when this cell produces electricity?

Voltmeter

Salt bridge

Zn Cu

Zn2+ (aq) Cu2+ (aq)

A. Electrons flow from the copper half-cell to the zinc half-cell.

B. The concentration of Cu2+ (aq) increases.

C. Electrons flow through the salt bridge.

D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the copper half-cell to the zinc half-cell.

32. Which signs for both E Öcell and ∆G Ö result in a spontaneous redox reaction occurring under
standard conditions?

E Öcell ∆G Ö

A. + +

B. - +

C. - -

D. + -
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33. An iron rod is electroplated with silver. Which is a correct condition for this process?

A. The silver electrode is the positive electrode.

B. The iron rod is the positive electrode.

C. The electrolyte is iron(II) sulfate.

D. Oxidation occurs at the negative electrode.

34. The structure of a drug used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease is shown below.
Which functional groups are present in this molecule?

OH

CH3O

N
CH3

A. Hydroxyl and ester

B. Hydroxide and ether

C. Hydroxyl and ether

D. Hydroxide and ester

35. Which monomer is used to form the polymer with the following repeating unit?

H H

C C

CH3 CH3

A. CH3CH=CHCH3

B. CH3CH2CH=CH2

C. CH3CH2CH2CH3

D. (CH3)2C=CH2

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36. Which is correct for the conversion of propanal to propyl methanoate?

Step 1 Step 2
CH3CH2CHO CH3CH2CH2OH HCO2CH2CH2CH3
Reagent 1 Concentrated H2SO4
and methanoic acid

Reagent for step 1 Reaction type in step 1 Reaction type in step 2

A. H2O hydration addition

nucleophilic substitution
B. K2Cr2O7, dilute H2SO4 oxidation
(condensation)

C. NaBH4 reduction oxidation

nucleophilic substitution
D. NaBH4 reduction
(condensation)

37. Which statement is correct for a pair of enantiomers under the same conditions?

A. A racemic mixture of the enantiomers is optically active.

B. They have the same chemical properties in all their reactions.

C. They have the same melting and boiling points.

D. They rotate the plane of plane-polarized light by different angles.

38. A student carried out a titration to determine the concentration of an acid and found that his value
had good precision but poor accuracy. Which process explains this outcome?

A. Consistently overshooting the volume of solution from the burette into the flask.

B. Collection of insufficient titration data.

C. Reading the meniscus in the burette at a different angle each time.

D. Forgetting to rinse the flask after one of the titrations.

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39. What is always correct about the molecular ion, M+, in a mass spectrum of a compound?

A. The M+ ion peak has the smallest m/z ratio in the mass spectrum.

B. The m/z ratio of the M+ ion peak gives the relative molecular mass of the molecule.

C. The M+ ion is the most stable fragment formed during electron bombardment.

D. The M+ ion peak has the greatest intensity in the mass spectrum.

40. Which property explains why tetramethylsilane, Si (CH3)4, can be used as a reference standard in
1
H NMR spectroscopy?

A. It has a high boiling point.

B. It is a reactive compound.

C. All its protons are in the same chemical environment.

D. It gives multiple signals.