M18/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX

Chemistry
Higher level
Paper 1

Wednesday 16 May 2018 (afternoon)

1 hour

Instructions to candidates
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
• Answer all the questions.
• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
• The periodic table is provided for reference on page 2 of this examination paper.
• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].

2218 – 6107
14 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2018
 The Periodic Table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 Atomic number
2
1 H He
1.01 4.00
Element
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.94 9.01 Relative atomic mass 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.63 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.90

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
–2–

5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29

55 56 57 † 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)

87 88 89 ‡ 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Unt Uug Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (281) (285) (286) (289) (288) (293) (294) (294)

† 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.05 174.97

‡
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)
M18/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX
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1. What is the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon containing 84.6 % carbon by mass with a molar
mass of 142.3 g mol−1?

A. C20H44

B. C11H10

C. C10H22

D. C5H11

2. Which graph shows the relationship between the volume and pressure of a fixed mass of an
ideal gas?

A. B.
Pressure

Pressure

Volume Volume

C. D.
Pressure

Pressure

Volume Volume

3. What is the percentage yield when 7 g of ethene produces 6 g of ethanol?

Mr (ethene) = 28 and Mr (ethanol) = 46

C2H4 (g) + H2O (g) → C2H5OH (g)

6 × 7 × 100
A.
28 × 46

6 × 46 × 100
B.
7 × 28

6 × 28
C.
7 × 46 × 100

6 × 28 × 100
D.
7 × 46

Turn over
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4. Which are correct statements about the emission spectrum of hydrogen in the visible region?

I. The red line has a lower energy than the blue line.
II. The lines converge at longer wavelength.
III. The frequency of the blue line is greater than the frequency of the red line.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

5. Which transition on the diagram corresponds to the ionization of hydrogen in the ground state?

n=∞
n=5
n=4
n=3
C D

n=2
Energy

A B

n=1

6. Which describes the oxide of sodium, Na2O?

pH of
Conduction of electricity
Bonding aqueous
(pure substance)
solution

A. covalent as a solid and liquid low

B. covalent as a solid only high

C. ionic as a solid and liquid low

D. ionic as a liquid only high

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7. Which statement is correct?

A. Atomic radius decreases down group 17.

B. First ionization energy decreases down group 1.

C. Atomic radius increases across period 3 from Na to Cl.

D. First ionization energy decreases across period 3 from Na to Cl.

8. Which complex has the greatest d orbital splitting?

Complex Oxidation state Colour of

of metal complex

A. [Fe(H2O)6]2+ +2 green

B. [Fe(H2O)6]3+ +3 orange

C. [Co(H2O)6]3+ +3 blue

D. [Cr(NH3)6]3+ +3 violet

9. Which form of carbon is the poorest electrical conductor?

A. Graphite

B. Graphene

C. Diamond

D. Carbon nanotube

10. What is the molecular geometry and bond angle in the molecular ion NO3−?

Molecular geometry Bond angle

A. tetrahedral 109.5°

B. trigonal planar 120°

C. trigonal pyramidal 107°

D. trigonal planar 109.5°

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11. Which metal has the strongest metallic bonding?

A. Na

B. Mg

C. Al

D. Ca

12. Which molecules have at least one sp2 hybridized atom?

I. CH3COOH

II. CH3COCH3

III. CH2CHCH2OH

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

13. Which can be represented with only one Lewis structure?

A. CH2O

B. C6H6

C. O3

D. NO3−

14. What is the enthalpy of combustion of butane in kJ mol−1?

2C4H10 (g) + 13O2 (g) → 8CO2 (g) + 10H2O (l)

C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) ∆H = x kJ

1
H2 (g) + O2 (g) → H2O (l) ∆H = y kJ
2
4C (s) + 5H2 (g) → C4H10 (g) ∆H = z kJ

A. 4x + 5y − z

B. 4x + 5y + z

C. 8x + 10y − 2z

D. 8x + 5y + 2z
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15. Which statement is correct?

A. In an exothermic reaction, the products have more energy than the reactants.

B. In an exothermic reversible reaction, the activation energy of the forward reaction is greater
than that of the reverse reaction.

C. In an endothermic reaction, the products are more stable than the reactants.

D. In an endothermic reversible reaction, the activation energy of the forward reaction is greater
than that of the reverse reaction.

16. What is the enthalpy of solution of MgF2 (s) in kJ mol−1?

Lattice enthalpy of MgF2 (s) = 2926 kJ mol−1

Hydration enthalpy of Mg2+ (g) = −1963 kJ mol−1
Hydration enthalpy of F− (g) = −504 kJ mol−1

A. 2926 − 1963 + 2(−504)

B. 2926 − 1963 − 504

C. −2926 − (−1963) − (−504)

D. −2926 − (−1963) − 2(−504)

17. Which statement is correct?

A. If ∆H < 0, reaction is always spontaneous.

B. If ∆H > 0, reaction is never spontaneous.

C. If ∆S < 0, reaction can be spontaneous if temperature is low enough.

D. If ∆S < 0, reaction can be spontaneous if temperature is high enough.

18. Which change increases the rate of formation of hydrogen when zinc reacts with excess
hydrochloric acid, assuming all other conditions remain the same?

Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

A. Adding water to the hydrochloric acid

B. Decreasing the temperature

C. Increasing the volume of hydrochloric acid

D. Decreasing the size of the zinc particles while keeping the total mass of zinc the same

Turn over
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19. What are correct labels for the Maxwell−Boltzmann energy distribution curves?

x-axis y-axis
A. progress of reaction energy

B. energy progress of reaction

C. probability density kinetic energy

D. kinetic energy probability density

20. The reaction between NO2 and F2 gives the following rate data at a certain temperature.

[NO2] / mol dm−3 [F2] / mol dm−3 Rate / mol dm−3 min−1

0.15 0.20 0.10

0.30 0.20 0.40

0.15 0.40 0.20

What is the overall order of reaction ?

A. 3

B. 2

C. 1

D. 0

21. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate constant, k?

A. The rate constant does not change.

B. The rate constant decreases linearly.

C. The rate constant increases exponentially.

D. The rate constant increases proportionally with temperature.

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22. What is the effect of increasing the temperature in this reaction?

CO2 (g) + H2O (l)  H+ (aq) + HCO3− (aq) ΔH < 0

A. The pH will decrease.

B. The pH will increase.

C. CO2 pressure will decrease.

D. The equilibrium position will shift to the right.

23. 1.0 mol of N2 (g), 1.0 mol of H2 (g) and 1.0 mol of NH3 (g) are placed in a 1.0 dm3 sealed flask and left
to reach equilibrium. At equilibrium the concentration of N2 (g) is 0.8 mol dm−3.

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)  2NH3 (g)

What are the equilibrium concentration of H2 (g) and NH3 (g) in mol dm−3?

[H2 (g)] / mol dm−3 [NH3 (g)] / mol dm−3

A. 0.2 1.2

B. 0.4 1.4

C. 0.4 0.4

D. 0.8 1.2

24. What describes HPO42−?

A. Amphiprotic but not amphoteric

B. Amphoteric but not amphiprotic

C. Amphiprotic and amphoteric

D. Neither amphiprotic nor amphoteric

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25. What is the pH of a solution in which the hydroxide ion concentration is 1 × 10−11 mol dm−3 at  298 K?

Kw = 1 × 10−14 at 298 K

A. 3

B. 7

C. 11

D. 14

26. Which statements are correct?

I. Lewis bases can act as nucleophiles.

II. Electrophiles are Lewis acids.
III. Lewis acids are electron pair acceptors.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

27. Which combination of acid and base is most likely to have a pH of 8.5 at the equivalence point in
a titration?

A. Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide

B. Hydrochloric acid and ammonia

C. Nitric acid and ammonia

D. Methanoic acid and sodium hydroxide

28. Which equation shows oxygen undergoing reduction?

A. 2F2 + O2 → 2F2O

B. Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH

C. H2O2 + 2HI → 2H2O + I2

D. 2CrO42− + 2H+  Cr2O72− + H2O

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29. What are the products of electrolysis when concentrated calcium bromide solution is electrolysed
using graphite electrodes?

Product at cathode Product at anode

(negative electrode) (positive electrode)

A. hydrogen bromine

B. calcium oxygen

C. calcium bromine

D. hydrogen oxygen

30. Which combination would electroplate an object with copper?

+ −

X Y

X Z Y

A. object CuSO4 (aq) copper

B. copper CuSO4 (aq) object

C. object H2SO4 (aq) copper

D. copper H2O (l) object

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31. What does not affect the mass of products formed in electrolysis of an aqueous solution?

A. Current

B. Duration of electrolysis

C. Initial mass of cathode

D. Charge on the ions

32. What is the product of the reaction between hex-3-ene and steam?

A. Hexan-1-ol

B. Hexan-2-ol

C. Hexan-3-ol

D. Hexan-4-ol

33. Which monomer could create this polymer?

CH3 H CH3 H CH3 H CH3 H

C C C C C C C C

H CH3 H CH3 H CH3 H CH3

A. But-2-ene

B. But-1-ene

C. Propene

D. 2-Methylprop-1-ene
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34. Which is a secondary alcohol?

A. B.
OH
H OH H H
H C H
H H H C C C C H
H C C C H H H CH3 H
H H H

C. D.
H H H H

H C C C C H H CH3 H H

H H H H C C C C H
H C H
H OH H H
OH

35. What is name of this compound applying IUPAC rules?

Br CH2 CH3

C C

Cl H

A. E 1-bromo-1-chlorobut-1-ene

B. Z 1-bromo-1-chlorobut-1-ene

C. E 1-bromo-1-chloro-2-ethylethene

D. Z 1-bromo-1-chloro-2-ethylethene

36. Which molecule contains a chiral carbon?

A. CH3CH2CHBrCH2CH3

B. CH3CH2CHBrCH3

C. CH2BrCH(CH3)CH2Br

D. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2Br

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37. Which reagents are needed to convert nitrobenzene to phenylamine in 2 steps?

Step 1 Step 2

A. tin and sodium hydroxide concentrated hydrochloric acid

B. sodium hydroxide tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid

C. concentrated hydrochloric acid tin and sodium hydroxide

D. tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid sodium hydroxide

38. What is the IHD, index of hydrogen deficiency, of 3-methylcyclohexene?

CH3

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

39. What is the ratio of the areas of the signals in the 1H NMR spectrum of pentan-3-ol?

A. 6:4:1:1

B. 6:2:2:2

C. 5:5:1:1

D. 3:3:2:2:1:1

40. Which would be the most effective method to distinguish between liquid propan-1-ol and
propan-2-ol?

A. Observation of colour change when warmed with acidified potassium dichromate

B. Determination of m/z value of molecular ion in the mass spectrum

C. Determination of percentage composition

1
D. H NMR spectroscopy