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What Are Batch Processing System and Real Time Processing System and The Difference Between Them

The document discusses batch processing systems and real-time processing systems. It provides 7 key differences between the two types of systems: 1) Batch processing runs jobs in batches while real-time processes events as they occur, 2) Batch is suited for applications like payroll while real-time is for applications like flight control, 3) Batch provides simpler processing while real-time requires complex hardware/software, 4) Batch collects data over time for processing while real-time supports random input.

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372 views

What Are Batch Processing System and Real Time Processing System and The Difference Between Them

The document discusses batch processing systems and real-time processing systems. It provides 7 key differences between the two types of systems: 1) Batch processing runs jobs in batches while real-time processes events as they occur, 2) Batch is suited for applications like payroll while real-time is for applications like flight control, 3) Batch provides simpler processing while real-time requires complex hardware/software, 4) Batch collects data over time for processing while real-time supports random input.

Uploaded by

fikadu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1) What are Batch processing system and Real Time Processing System and the

difference between them?


Real-time processing is data processing that occurs as the user enters in the data or a
command.
Batch processing involves the execution of jobs at the same time.
The main difference is that administrators can postpone batch processes, while
real-time processes must occur as soon as possible.
 Following are the differences between Batch processing system and Real Time Processing
System.

N Batch Processing System Real-time Processing System


o
1 Jobs with similar requirements are batched In this system, events mostly external to
together and run through the computer as a computer system are accepted and processed
group within certain deadlines.
2 This system is particularly suited for This processing system is particularly suited
applications such as Payroll, Forecasting, for applications such as scientific
Statistical analysis etc. experiments, Flight control, few military
applications, Industrial control etc.
3 It provides most economical and simplest Complex and costly processing requires
processing method for business applications unique hardware and software to handle
complex operating system programs.
4 In this system data is collected for defined Supports random data input at random time.
period of time and is processed in batches
5 In this system sorting is performed before No sorting is required.
processing.
6 It is measurement oriented. It is action or event oriented
7 Transactions are batch processed and Transactions are processed as and when they
periodically. occur.
8 In this processing there is no time limit It has to handle a process within the specified
time limit otherwise the system fails.

2) Briefly explain the advantages of Multiprocessing or Parallel System?


Answer: Multiprocessing operating system or the parallel system support the use of more than
one processor in close communication.
The advantages of the multiprocessing system are:
 Increased Throughput − By increasing the number of processors, more work can be
completed in a unit time.
 Cost Saving − Parallel system shares the memory, buses, peripherals etc. Multiprocessor
system thus saves money as compared to multiple single systems. Also, if a number of
programs are to operate on the same data, it is cheaper to store that data on one single
disk and shared by all processors instead of using many copies of the same data.
 Increased Reliability − In this system, as the workload is distributed among several
processors which results in increased reliability. If one processor fails then its failure
may slightly slow down the speed of the system but system will work smoothly.
3) List and explain way a process can be transmitted?
4 What is the system call that creates a new process in Unix and W windows?
Windows Process Creation
Windows process creation specifies a new program to run when the process is created
UNIX Process Creation

 Unix fork() creates a process
o Creates a new address space
o Copies text, data, & stack into new address space
o Provides child with access to open files
 Unix exec() allows a child to run a new program
 Unix wait() allows a parent to wait for a child to terminate
5 List all the ways a process can be terminated
Normal exit: in normal exit, process terminates because they have done their work successfully

Error exit : In error exit, the termination of a process is done because of an error caused by the process,
sometime due to the program bug

Fatal exit: In fatal exit, process terminates because it discovers a fatal error

Killed by other process: In this reason or condition, a process might also terminate due to that it
executes a system call that tells the operating system (OS) just to kill some other process

6) What is Deadlock in process?


A deadlock is a situation that occurs in OS when any process enters a waiting state because
another waiting process is holding the demanded resource. Deadlock is a common problem in
multi-processing where several processes share a specific type of mutually exclusive resource
known as a soft lock or software.

Example of Deadlock

 A real-world example would be traffic, which is going only in one direction.


 Here, a bridge is considered a resource.
 So, when Deadlock happens, it can be easily resolved if one car backs up (Preempt resources and
rollback).
 Several cars may have to be backed up if a deadlock situation occurs.

Example of deadlock

7) The address of the next instruction to be executed by the current process is


provided by the ______
a) CPU registers b) Program counter c) Process stack d) Pipe
Answer: b
Explanation: The address of the next instruction to be executed by the current process is provided
by the Program Counter. After every instruction is executed, the Program Counter is incremented
by 1 i.e. address of the next instruction to be executed. CPU fetches instruction from the address
denoted by Program Counter and execute it.
8) In operating system, each process has its own __________
a) address space and global variables b) open files c) pending alarms, signals and signal handlers.
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: In Operating Systems, each process has its own address space which contains
code, data, stack and heap segments or sections. Each process also has a list of files which is
opened by the process as well as all pending alarms, signals and various signal handlers.
9) What is the ready state of a process?
a) when process is scheduled to run after some execution b) when process is unable to run until
some task has been completed c) when process is using the CPU d) none of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Ready state of the process means process has all necessary resources which are
required for execution of that process when CPU is allocated. Process is ready for execution but
waiting for the CPU to be allocated
10) A process stack does not contain __________
a) Function parameters b) Local variables c) Return addresses d) PID of child process
Answer: d
Explanation: Process stack contains Function parameters, Local variables and Return address. It
does not contain the PID of child process.

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