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  • Diversity Factor: by Sintayehu Challa

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    Tesfahun Girma
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    The document discusses the diversity factor, which allows for reducing the size of wiring and circuit breakers based on the assumption that the total connected load will not be used at once. It applies to various types of circuits like lighting, heating, cooking, and outlets. The diversity factor depends on the installation type, with higher factors for residential than commercial settings where loads tend to be used more simultaneously.

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    Diversity Factor

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    The document discusses the diversity factor, which allows for reducing the size of wiring and circuit breakers based on the assumption that the total connected load will not be used at once. It applies to various types of circuits like lighting, heating, cooking, and outlets. The diversity factor depends on the installation type, with higher factors for residential than commercial settings where loads tend to be used more simultaneously.

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    123 views1 page

    Diversity Factor: by Sintayehu Challa

    Uploaded by

    Tesfahun Girma
    The document discusses the diversity factor, which allows for reducing the size of wiring and circuit breakers based on the assumption that the total connected load will not be used at once. It applies to various types of circuits like lighting, heating, cooking, and outlets. The diversity factor depends on the installation type, with higher factors for residential than commercial settings where loads tend to be used more simultaneously.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Diversity Factor

    The diversity factor has an important place in the design of an installation and its final costing. IEE
    regulation 311-01 deals with the subject. Diversity factor is a factor which is applied to sub main and
    main cables and their associated gears/ circuit breakers to reduce:
    a) the cross sectional area of the cable conductor, and
    b) the capacity of the switch gears/ circuit breakers.
    The factor is based on the assumption that the whole of the connected load will not be turned on at
    the same time. For example, the total lighting load in a dwelling house is rarely switched on at a time.
    Thus, it can be taken that if the total lighting load is 1000W during the life of the installation, only 66%
    of the load (660W) will be switched on at any one time. The factor in this instance is 0.66. A factor for
    diversity shall not be allowed for calculating the size of circuit conductor and switchgears of final sub
    circuits, other than specified circuits such as cooker circuits. It is noted that the provision of an allowance
    for diversity is a matter of calling for a special knowledge and experience. Indeed, the application of the
    diversity should be decided by the engineer responsible for designing each particular installation. The
    amount by which they are increased or decreased for each installation is a matter for the installation
    engineer to decide.
    There are ten types of final circuit fed from wiring to which diversity applies: lighting, heating,
    cooking appliances which are permanently connected, motors (other than lifting motors), instantaneous-
    type water heater, thermostatically controlled water heater, floor-warming installation, thermal-storage
    space-heating installation, 13A fused socket outlets and appliance fed there from, and other socket
    outlets such as 15A sockets. Three general groups of installation premises are also recognized:
    1) Individual domestic installation, including individual flats of a block.
    2) Hotels, boarding houses, lodging houses etc.
    3) Shops, stores, offices and business premises
    In the case of lighting for each type of installation, it will be noticed that the more the total lighting
    load is likely to switched on over definite periods, the smaller is the allowance made for diversity. In a
    domestic installation, it is estimated that some two-thirds (0.66) of the lighting load will be on at any one
    time. In a hotel, the figure is 75%(0.75), and in a shop, where virtually all the lights are on for most of
    the time when the shop is open, the figure is 90% (0.90). It should be noted that no diversity is allowable
    in the relevant wiring supplying certain types of load.

    Example: An apartment having 15 individual rooms each 9mX4m (see figure


    below) is to be installed with the following loads: Ventilator (500W), Fridge
    (1kW), Stove (2kW), six 60W lamps, and five socket outlets.
    a) Locate the approximate area of location of each lamps and socket outlets.
    b) Calculate the sub-feeder cable size for this room if the average ambient temperature of
    the local area is taken as 38oC and five groups of circuits are running together in a Fig 1 Floor Plan for the above example
    conduit with it. The length of run is 15m and protection is by MCB.
    c) Choose the rating of the MCB and the branch circuits breakers.

    By Sintayehu Challa

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