In partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the Bachelor’s degree of

Agricultural Technology

A Feasibility Study Presented

To The Department of
Agricultural Technology
ISU-San Mariano Campus

Submitted By;

ROSE-ANN TAMAYO DELA PEÑA

BAT3-CPT
MID-YEAR 2021
 PINAKBET AND SINIGANG PRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Vegetables is traditionally considered a light, tasty food, rich in water and

nutrients, that are able to fill with few calories and to provide our body with all the
protective substances contained in them. Vegetables are used in countless ways, as a
main course or as a side to meat, fish and cheese, and also as an ingredient to stuffed
food and finally, less often, as a sweet ingredient. It is really important for the regulation
of different physiological mechanisms of our body. Firstly, the food fibre fills, helping us
to eat less and to control our weight thanks to the fact that it creates the sensation of a
filled stomach. Moreover, by creating mass in the intestine, the fibre, together with water,
helps the intestine to work.

In the year 2013, The vast majority of hungry and malnourished people live in
developing countries under sub-standard living conditions and over half a billion of the
global population suffer from chronic food insecurity. With the global population expected
to reach over 9 billion by 2050, there will be a continuous need to increase food
production and buffer stocks to meet the growing demand and efficiently cope with
volatilities in food production and prices. It has been projected that global food
production will need to increase by 70% in order to meet the average daily caloric
requirement of the world’s population in 2050b. Moreover, the need for interventions are
stressed as the resources available for food production.

With the global population expected to reach over 9 billion by 2050, there is a
continuous need to increase food production and buffer stocks. In this scenario,
countries around the world, especially developing countries where the pervasiveness of
hunger and food scarcity is more acute, are resorting to various counter strategies to
meet the growing demand and to avert food insecurity and famine. Over the recent years
there has been growing interest to strengthen and intensify local food production in order
to mitigate the adverse effect of global food shocks and food price volatilities.

Gardening is a time-tested by local strategy that are widely adopted and

practiced in various circumstances by local communities with limited resources and
institutional support. It is evident from the literature that gardens are a part of the
agriculture and food production systems in many developing countries and are widely
used as a remedy to alleviate hunger and malnutrition in the face of a global food crisis.
 In this time of crisis, people tend to be nervous about going out of the four
corners of their house. Reuse any material that you have while gardening. Just be
creative. It will surely lessen your trash and ensure chemical-free vegetables. “Dilrukshi
Hashini Galhena”

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND

This article treats the principles and practices of vegetable farming. For a
discussion of the processing of vegetables.

Processed vegetables include canned, frozen, dehydrated, and pickled products.

The cost of production per unit area of land and per ton is usually less for processing
crops than for the same crops grown for market because raw material appearance is not
a major quality factor in processing. This difference allows lower land value, less hand
labour, and lower handling cost. Although many kinds of vegetables can be processed,
there are marked varietal differences within each species in adaptability to a given
method.

Profitable vegetable farming requires attention to all production operations,

including insect, disease, and weed control and efficient marketing. The kind of
vegetable grown is mainly determined by consumer demands, which can be defined in
terms of variety, size, tenderness, flavour, freshness, and type of pack. Effective
management involves the adoption of techniques resulting in a steady flow of the
desired amount of produce over the whole of the natural growing season of the crop.
Many vegetables can be grown throughout the year in some climates, although yield per
acre for a given kind of vegetable varies according to the growing season and region
where the crop is produced.

RELATED LITERATURE

There is a vast body of literature presenting research and case studies focusing
on the role of vegetable gardening as agroforestry or food production systems, or a
combination of both. Gardening is ecologically divided into two categories: tropical and
temperate. Much of the literature focuses on vegetable gardens in the tropical areas.

Vegetable gardening is commonly established on lands that are marginal or not

suitable for field crops or forage cultivation because of their size, topography, or location.
The specific size of a vegetable gardening varies from household to household and,
normally, their average size is less than that of the arable land owned by the household.
 However, this may not hold true for those families that do not own agricultural
land and for the landless. New innovations and techniques have made home gardening
possible even for the families that have very little land or no land at garden. The
vegetable gardening may be delimited by physical demarcations such as live fences or
hedges, fences, ditches or boundaries established through mutual understanding.
Application of kitchen waste, animal manure, and other organic residues has been a
practice amongst home gardeners and this exercise has helped to considerably increase
the productivity and fertility of these gardens.

Access to planting material and social capital are noted as important attributes to
species diversity in gardens. Collectively, the ecological potential, economic status, and
social elements influence the presence of food and non-food crops and animals in the
garden.

THE PROBLEM

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main objective of the study is to Enhance food and nutritional security in
many socio-economic and political situations, improving family health and human
capacity in Benito Soliven, Isabela.

Specifically, it will investigate feasibility of the project in terms of the following aspects;

 First MANAGEMENT
 Second MARKETING
 Third TECHNICAL
 Fourth FINANCING AND PROFITABILITY
 Fifth SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT OF THE STUDY

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study covers the data available which will be gathered in website and online
sources.
ASSUMPTION

The study is base on the assumption that it is feasible to establish an Sinigang and
pinakbet production in Benito Soliven, Isabela.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The following are the importance of the study;

To the Proponent of the Study. It will serve as a guide for the viability of adopting
Vegetable Sinigang and Pinakbet Production. Study will serve as a guide on how to
start up the business on technical, management, financing, and marketing strategies to
apply.

To possible Investors. This study will minimize risk and maximize return. It is in
contrast with a speculator who is willing to invest in a risky asset with the hopes of
getting a higher profit.

To the Government. It is an opportunity to encourage to contribute to the healing of our

Earth by practicing ‘enhanced’ Sinigang and Pinakbet Production.

To the future Researchers. The study will serve as reference material to improve its
competitiveness, trendential, optimistic and pessimistic in creating a positive impact on
the region as well as increasing its exports.

PROJECT BACKGROUND

PROJECT PROPONENT

Ms. Rose-Ann Dela Peña is the proponent of this project. She is a student in
Bachelor of Agricultural Technology at ISU-San Mariano Campus. As a student and an
entrepreneur, my knowledge and experiences are not enough as a guideline on that
supposed project so I search more data on website and internet.

BUSINESS NAME

The business will be named Sinigang and pinakbet production in Benito Soliven
Isabela. With an area of 2,000sqm. The main crop is eggplant and will be multi-cropped
with string beans, and winged bean.

BUSINESS LOCATION

The Sinigang and Pinakbet production will be located in Benito Soliven, Isabela.
It will be located at Purok 2, Gomez, Benito Soliven, Isabela at the total area of
2,000sqm.

FORM OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

The proposed business will operate under proprietorship form of business

organization. I choose this type because it is a day-to-day responsibility for running my
business and I have my own strategy to decide to my supposed project.

MANAGEMENT ASPECT

Good management is needed to inject motivation, creativity, discipline, and

enthusiasm into areas in which they either don’t exist or they’re not necessarily wanted.
Management functions include: Planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and
controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the
purpose of accomplishing a goal.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

ENTREPRENEUR
⤵️
DIRECT SELLING
⤵️
WHOLE SALER
⤵
RETAILER
⬇️
CUSTOMER

ENTREPRENEUR is a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses,

taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.

DIRECT SELLING is selling products directly to consumers in a non-retail environment.

Instead, sales occur at home, work, online, or other non-store locations.

WHOLE SALER a person or company that sells goods in large quantities at low prices,
typically to retailers.

RETAILER is a person or business that you purchase goods from. Retailers typically
don't manufacture their own items. They purchase goods from a manufacturer or a
wholesaler and sell these goods to consumers in small quantities.

CUSTOMER a person or organization that buys goods or services from a store or

business.
MARKETING ASPECT

Marketing is the activity, make them more advantageous for different types of
producers. Volume of produce grown, location of the grower, time available for
marketing activities and quality of the produce are a few of the important factors to
consider when choosing a market or combination of markets to use.

MARKET DESCRIPTION

Vegetable is parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as

food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to
refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and
seeds. We can find them in the market, restaurants, sari-sari stores and the like. Hence,
an abundant market for these nutritive, fresh and healthy products.

Since there are existing products in the market, the target markets are the
traders, supermarkets, vegetable vendors, groceries and sari-sari stores.

Vegetable vendors, groceries, and sari-sari stores of Benito Soliven. Benito

Soliven is initially selected because it is the most progressive and fast developing
business groove of the province.

DEMAND ANALYSIS

The demand analysis will be done on the proposed product of the business.
Once the company has position itself in the market, several crops will also produce.
Initially, the crops that will be produced are eggplant, string bean and winged bean. The
initial allotted area for this crop is 2,000sqm

The target markets are the vegetable dealer, as well as supermarkets, sari-sari
store owners as well as processors. The data on the number of vegetable vendors,
supermarkets, sari-sari store owners and processors were collected from the office of
Business Permit and Licensing Office of Benito Soliven Isabela.
DEMAND PROJECTION

For the vegetable vendor, the projected annual demand will be based on the
result of the survey (survey was conducted). The vendors who specified that they will
buy vegetable, the frequency and quantity of purchase will be used in the computation of
demand projection. Below formula was used to compute the demand and its projection
for the next 5 years. Vegetable Vendors Demand = (Population of vegetable vendor) x
(% of patronage) x quantity x frequency

Vegetable Vendor Demand = (273) x (90%) x (50 tons) x (4 times per year)

The projected demand in five years of eggplant, winged bean and string bean
vegetable vendors, supermarkets and sari-sari stores. Survey was conducted to
determine the annual projected demand for vegetable vendors, supermarkets and sari-
sari stores. The vegetable vendors, supermarkets, and sari-sari stores who specified
that they will patronize the product, the frequency and quantity of purchase was used in
the computation of demand projection. Below formula was used to compute the demand
and its projection for the next 5 years.

Vegetable vendors, Supermarkets, and Sari-sari stores’ Demand =(Population) x

(% of patronage) x quantity x frequency Vegetable vendors, Supermarkets, Sari-sari
stores and processors Demand = (237) x (90%) x (50tons) x (4 times per year).

SUPPLY ANALYSIS

In this section, the start year of selling eggplant, winged bean and string bean will
be determined from the market. The number of supplier or grower in Benito Soliven be
determined. Also, the researcher will get a historical record from Department of
Agriculture pertaining to the supply of the said crops for the past 4 years.

Based on the historical data collected, the annual average increase in supply of
eggplant, winged bean and string bean will be computed as follows:
Average increase in the Benito Soliven = 20.5%+18.4%+17.2%+16.2%+15.2%
5 years
The average increase in the entire province is 87.5%

DEMAND– SUPPLY ANALYSIS

The proposed project will assume to cater 50% market share considering the
current and projected supply as well as the production capacity and the financing from
the proponent.

PROPOSED MARKETING PROGRAM AND PRACTICES

The proposed marketing practices of PINAKBET AND SINIGANG

PRODUCTION will be based on the 7P’s of Marketing.

Product. The frequency of planting shall be thrice a year preferably on the first, middle
and last

Quarter of the year. During these times of the year, there are sufficient amount of rainfall
for the vegetable to grow better.

Price. The current average selling price of eggplant in the market is P60/kg, string beans
is P50/kg and winged beans is P45/kg. The average price of the products was based on
the standard price and we can adjust depending on the prevailing market price. A survey
was conducted to assess the preferred amount from the target customer.

Place. The farm is located in Gomez, Benito Soliven Isabela. The farm is situated in the
said Barangay to cater for the possible expansion if the business becomes successful.
The proposed farm shall be placed in a good location wherein it is accessible to the
Benito town proper.

Promotion. The product will continuously promote by the proponent by constantly.

making visitations and conversations with vegetable buyer. She will also establish
rapport to possible buyers of other crops. Hence, no budget needed for the marketing
aspect.
 TECHNICAL ASPECTS

This study cover as an multi cropping which comprises different things in its small
area. It produces a variety of foods and agricultural products, including staple crops,
vegetables, and both for home consumption or use and for income.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The initial crops will be eggplant, string beans and Cabbage. Crops are
considered as staple foods. The eggplant is rich in nutrients and comes with many
potential health benefits and high in natural plant chemicals. String beans a good source
of cholesterol-lowering fiber, but they’re an even better source of several vitamins that
contribute to healthy eyes and bones. Winged beans it has fairly good amounts of
phosphorus, iron, and vitamin B.

These crop offers a lot of benefits to consumers. These will be fresh to harvest
from the farm, and to be delivered to the consumers.

PRODUCTION OR OPERATION PROCESS

 Land Preparation
 Sowing
 Transplanting
 Weeding
 Fertilizer Application
 Spaying
 Harvesting
 Sorting/packaging
 Selling
TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT

The expertise of the Department of Agriculture will be tapped for the technical
assistance related in the adoption of vegetable production.

FINANCIAL ASPECT

A simple projected income statement for five (5) years was prepared.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT

Once the vegetable gardening becomes operational, it will cater the demand of the
consumers that will give them quality produce. It will solve problems on insufficient
supply in the market. It is indeed a good contribution to the society in need of better
options when it comes to food consumption. It will help the current and incoming sellers
to gain additional source of income. In addition, people in the locality will be hired for the
successful operation of the farm and this will help decrease the number of unemployed
people. It will generate additional revenue for the government through taxes, licenses
and permits and this will help improve the economic situation in the country. These
earnings could help the local government for the betterment of the community. The
integrated farming system believes that it can help the community by welcoming new
business opportunities in the future. Therefore, the proposed project will be feasible

REFERENCES

Harper, Douglas. “vegetable”. Online Etymology Dictionary.

Swedenborg, Emanuel (2003). Swedenborg Concordance 1888. Kessinger Publishing.

P. 502. ISBN 0-7661-3728-7.
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1-55970-214-0. OCLC 33022699

Vegetable”. Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2015-03-03.

Sinha, Nirmal; Hui, Y.H.; Evranuz, E. Özgül; Siddiq, Muhammad; Ahmed, Jasim (2010).
Handbook of Vegetables and Vegetable Processing. John Wiley & Sons. Pp. 192, 352.
ISBN 978-0-470-95844-5.

“Fungi vegetables”. Spices & Medicinal Herbs: Classification of vegetables. Retrieved

2015-03-24.

Vainio, Harri & Bianchini, Franca (2003). Fruits And Vegetables. IARC. P. 2. ISBN 978-
92-832-3008-3.

Nix v. Hedden, 149 U.S. 304 (1893). Findlaw.com.

Portera, Claire C.; Marlowe, Frank W. (January 2007). “How marginal are forager
habitats?”. Journal of Archaeological Science. 34 (1): 59–68. Doi:10.1016/j.

Douglas John McConnell (1992). The forest-garden farms of Kandy, Sri Lanka. P. 1.
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Wharton, Clifton R. (1970). Subsistence Agriculture and Economic Development.

Transaction Publishers. P. 18. ISBN 978-0-202-36935-8.

The Development of Agriculture”. National Geographic. Archived from the original on

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Apel, Melanie Ann (2004). Land and Resources in Ancient Greece. Rosen Publishing
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estimated data

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“Vegetable consumption per capita”. Our World in Data. Retrieved 5 March 2020

Brickell, Christopher, ed. (1992). The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of

Gardening. Dorling Kindersley. Pp. 303–08. ISBN 978-0-86318-979-1.

Rickman, Joy C.; Bruhn, Christine M.; Barrett, Diane M. (2007). “Nutritional comparison
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Standardization. Retrieved 2015-03-20

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Standardization. Retrieved 2015-03-20.
Table 1. Historical Population in Benito Soliven Isabela

Year Population Average Total Percent

Population Population Increase
Growth
2019 28,310 709 29,019 2.5%
2020 29,019 759 29,778 2.6%
2021 29,778 804 30,582 2.7%
2022 30,582 902 31,484 2.9%
2023 31,484 978 32,462 3.1%
2024 32,462 1,000 33,462 3.1%
2025 33,462 1,052 34,515 3.1%
2026 34,515 1,060 53,575 3.1%

Table 2. Projected Population of Vegetable Vendors

Year Population Average Total Percent

Population Population Increase
Growth
2022 122 25 147 20.5
2023 147 27 174 18.4
2024 174 30 204 17.2
2025 204 33 237 16.2
2026 237 36 273 15.2
Total 151 87.5

Table 3. Projected Vegetable Demand Per Year

Year Yearly Average Total Percentage

Demand (In Demand (in Demand (in Increase
tons) tons) tons) Demand
2022 2.44 0.5 2.94 20.5%
2023 5.88 1.08 6.96 18.4%
2024 7.83 1.35 9.18 17.2%
2025 10.20 1.65 11.85 16.2%
2026 11.85 1.80 13.65 15.2%
 Total 6.38 44.58 87.5

Table 4. Projected Vegetable Sold Per Year

Year Total Sale Per

Year
2022 2.94
2023 6.96
2024 9.18
2025 11.85
2026 13.65
Total 44.58
COST ANALYSIS
VARIABLE COST AND LABOR COST

ACTIVITIES UNIT QUANTITY UNIT COST TOTAL

COST
LAND
PREPARATION MD 5 200 1000
SOWING MD 5 250 1,250
PLANTING MD 5 250 1,250
FERTILIZER
APPLICATION MD 3 250 750
INSECTISIDE MD 3 250 750
HARVESTING MD 5 300 1,500
SORTING AND
PACKAGING MD 5 350 1,750
TRANSPORTATION MD 5 500 2,500
GAASOLINE MD 1 10,000 10,000
SUBTOTAL 20,750

INPUTS

PARTICULAR UNIT QUANTITY UNIT COST TOTAL COST

SEED PACK 40 100 4,000
INSECTISIDE PACK 5 100 500
RUBBER
BAND BOX 20 30 600
SUBTOTAL 5,100

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

PARTICULAR UNIT QUANTITY UNIT COST TOTAL COST

HAND
TROWEL PCS 3 200 600
GRABHOE PCS 2 400 800
SPRINKLER PCS 4 250 1,000
SUBTOTAL 2,400
RETURN ANALYSIS

VEGETABLE QUANTITY UNIT PRICE TOTAL PRICE

EGGPLANT 980 KLS 60 PER KILO 58,800
WINGED BEAN 980 KLS 45 PER KILO 44,100
STRING BEAN 980 KLS 50 PER KILO 49,000
SUBTOTAL 2.94 TONS 151,900

RETURN ON INVESMENT

SUMMARY COST SUMMARY SALES TOTAL RETURN ON

INVESMENT
28,250 151,900 123,650

Summary cost x cycle per year = 28,250 x 3 = 84,750

Summary sales x cycle per year = 151,900 x 3 = 455,700

Total return on investment = 455,700 – 84,750 = 370,950