Ingles 10 Modulo 1

English What do you like to do?
Pedagogical Module 1
Curricular Threads: Communication and Cultural Awareness,
Oral Communication, Reading, Writing, Language Through the Arts
Tenth Grade EGB
History of sports/
5 amusement parks
Phrasal verbs 4
Hi
st
or
y
6
So
Sports and culture
Question forms 3
ci
alS
tu
die
ish
s
Past tense-regular
2
gl
Hobbies
La
and irregular
En
ng
Writing a
and 7
ua
description
ge
Entertainment
an
1
d
Prepositions: in
Li
te
ra
t
ur
e
Values
9 Interculturality 8 Ethics
According to the European Union

Sport is something found in all cultures. Statistics
indicate that more than 60% of young people in the
EU between 15- and 24-years old practice some sport
at least once a week. In addition, sports offer the
possibility of interacting with other people. As a result,
young people acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills
necessary to develop in civil society.
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Retrieved from: https://www.coe.int/en/web/compass/culture-and-sport
Are you surprised with the European Union’s statistics? Why?

Non-Commercial Licence
What percentage of young people practice sports in your city?
1
Lesson A
Communication and Cultural Awareness

History
Does Ecuador have any Olympic champions? In what events?
History of the Olympics
The Olympic Games were started in ancient Greece 3,000 years

ago and they were brought back to life in the 19th century. At the beginning,
the Olympic Games were a celebration. People participated to honor the
god Zeus, every four years from the 8th century B.C. to the 4th century A.D.
The first modern Olympic Games took place in Athens, in 1896 with only
280 athletes from 13 nations. The participants competed in 43 competitions
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In 1994, the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games
were split. Today, the Olympics are the most important sports competition
in the world with more than 300 events. In 1896, track and field, gymnastics,
swimming, shooting, fencing, cycling, tennis, weightlifting, and others like
figure skating and ice hockey were added.
Retrieved from: https://www.penn.museum/sites/olympics/olympicorigins.shtml and
https://www.history.com/topics/sports/olympic-games
1. What other sports championship or tournament can you name?
2. What is your favorite sport? Why do you like it?
3. Are there any sports you dislike? Explain.
4. Which sport is the easiest to practice in your city?
5. Write the name of each sport under the picture it corresponds to.
Vocabulary Archery - Fencing - Badminton - Voleyball - Lacrosse -

Weightlifting - Synchronized Swimming - Gymnastics - Basketball
B.C. abbreviation for Before - Taekwondo - Speed skating - Rugby
Christ: used in the Christian
calendar when referring
to a year before Jesus Christ
was born
A.D. abbreviation for

Anno Domini: a Latin phrase
meaning “in the year of the
Lord”, which is used when
referring to a year after

Jesus Christ was born
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split. divided into two or more

parts
2
Oral Communication
What are some of the differences between American football and rugby?
American Football and Rugby

1. Listen to two sport experts talking about football and rugby. Take notes
on what they say about the characteristics of each sport. Write down Audio
the important points that you hear. Listen two or three times. Listen to the dialogue.
Football
Rugby
Pixabay / Vectorpocket
Tip
Venn diagrams are a good way

to organize information visually.
It allows us to see the relationship
Pixabay / Wikilmages
Pixabay / David Mark
between items and their elements

or characteristics. Venn diagrams
are very useful to show the
similarities and differences and
to compare and contrast items.
2. Now listen again and organize your notes in the Venn Diagram below
Write the things that the two sports have in common in the middle.
American Rugby
Football
Both
football
and rugby
Vocabulary
pads. pieces of foam and

plastic in the uniforms
to protect the players;
shoulder pads, knee pads, etc
field. the flat area of grass

where the games are played.
soccer field, football field, etc
helmet. a strong, hard hat that

covers and protects the head

Pair work. Ask a partner. Do you know anything about rugby and
American football? Have you seen a game of any of these sports? mouth guard. a device that
Based on the description of these sports, which one do you like the protects the teeth from
most? Why? getting damaged
3
Reading
What is important when you play on a team? Do you think that uniforms are important? Why?
The History of Soccer Uniforms

Now, draw your own uniform
and describe it. Be prepared Pay attention to how uniforms have changed over time. How have uniforms
to share it with your class. changed and improved?
The uniforms that soccer players wear are not just jerseys. Soccer
uniforms did not always look like they do now. Over time, the rules for
uniforms changed. The players could wear whatever clothes they wanted.
They usually used white shirts, long pants, and colorful hats or scarves
to distinguish themselves from the opponents.
Around 1870, the public asked for uniforms for the players. Since
then, soccer players have worn uniforms with the colors that represent
the team. Samuel Widdowson invented shin guards in 1874. His idea
was not accepted at first, but then other players used them too.
Since the 1990s, soccer shirts have been
designed with light synthetic fabric for athletic
activity.
By the 1960s, the soccer uniforms started
resembling the athletic apparel we see today.
Soccer uniforms are basic. They include
a short-sleeved top, shorts, high socks over
shin guards, and soccer cleats.
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Retrieved from: http://theathleticshop.com/evolution-soccer-uniform/
After Reading
1. How have soccer uniforms changed throughout history?
2. Do you think that soccer uniforms can be still improved? Why? Would
you change anything?
Vocabulary
shin guards. a piece of rubber

or plastic material worn inside
a sock to protect the lower
part of your leg 3. Compare and contrast the uniforms of 2 teams. Is one better than the
other? Why?
jersey. a colorful shirt worn
by players on a team
scarf. a strip, square, or triangle

of cloth, worn around the neck
cleats. a special type of shoe

used to play soccer
4
Writing
What was the best moment in the history of sports?
My Favorite Sports Moment

Every time someone tells a series of events, this is called narration.
Telling a story is not as simple as it seems. There are three types of narration:
first person, second person, and third person, and each has a purpose.
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First person
In this type of narration, a character tells the story from his/her
perspective. You can recognize it by the use of “I”, “me”, or “we”.
Second person Tip

In this type of narration, the author uses a narrator to communicate Remember that when you talk
directly to the reader. You can notice a lot of “you”, “your”, and “yours.” or write about events that took
place in the past, you can use
Third person the simple past (verb + ed for
regular verbs). It is used with
Here, a narrator who is external tells the story. You can notice many actions that started in the past
cases of “he”, “she”, “it”, or “they” in this type of narration. and ended in the past.
Retrieved from: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-narration.html
Think of a sports moment that you really like. It can be from any time or place.
Write down all the information you know about this moment. Include what
the moment was, when it was, who was involved, why you liked it, etc.
What?
When?
Where?
Before...
then...
After...
In Your Notebook, with all the ideas and information that you
collected, write a short 80-90 words narration. Be sure to write all

the events in chronological order. Use at least five time expressions,
for example: before, after, during, as soon as, while, then, later,
at the same time, etc.
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5
Language Through the Arts
What does synchronized swimming look like? Do you think it is an easy sport?
Synchronized Swimming
There are many beautiful sports. One of them is synchronized

swimming. Here are some interesting facts about this sport:
Did you know that synchronized swimmers don’t touch the
bottom of the pool during a presentation? They compete and
train in pools almost 3 meters deep. They wear nose clips
or plugs to avoid water getting into their nose when they
are underwater. Did you ever ask yourself how they are so
synchronized with the music even when they are underwater?
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Well, that’s because they have a portable underwater speaker.

These athletes swim and dance through the water
so smoothly. Synchronized swimming demands a lot of
physical strength and muscle control. So next time you watch
a performance, you will be even more impressed knowing how
hard it is making each move!
Retrieved from: http://laaquanymphs.org/what-is-synchronized-swimming/interesting-facts/
Answer these questions based on what you read.
1. Describe synchronized swimming in your own words.
2. Have you ever seen a synchronized swimming performance? Did you like
it? Why or why not?
3. Do you think that it should be considered a sport? Explain
Vocabulary
synchronized. many people 4. What other sports look like an artistic performance? Which one(s)?
moving in the same way.
For example, a group
of dancers
train. to prepare and practice

5. How can sports be considered a form of art?
for competitions
plug. a small piece of rubber,

plastic, wood, etc. that fits into
a hole in order to close it
6
Oral Communication
What are some traditional sports in other countries? Where have you seen them played?
Sports Around the World

Listen to the speaker tell you about the national sports of different nations
around the world. The first time you listen, write the countries and the sport Audio
that they play in each one. Then listen again. Would you like to play one Listen to the dialogue.
of these sports? Mark yes, no, or maybe.
Retrieved from: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-narration.html
Country Sport Yes No Maybe
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Now let’s play a game with sports words!
Tip
1. Make groups of 6 people each. Remember that we use

the preposition in for cities
2. Make 8 cards per group. Write the following words on the cards. and countries in English.
(1 item per card) For example: A lot of people play
Ecuavolley in Ecuador.
Pato / Buzkashi/ Cricket / Kabaddi / Rugby
Yacht Racing / Sloop Sailing / Soccer
3. Divide the group, so 3 students compete against three others.
4. One person of the 3 will put a card on his/her forehead. This person
is not allowed to see the card. Vocabulary
5. The other members of the team have to explain the word without goat. an animal related
saying it until the person with the card guesses the word. The other to sheep that usually has
group has to check that they don’t cheat and keep time. horns
6. The group that guesses all the words correctly fastest wins. duck. a bird that lives
7. Once one group finishes, they can compete against the winner by water
of another game until there is a champion. bat. a long, round piece
8. You can add more cards with other sports. of wood used for hitting
the ball in some games
7
Lesson B
Do you think that all the words of a language can be translated literally to another language?
Phrasal Verbs
World Fact
A phrasal verb is a phrase that results from the combination of a verb
and a preposition, an adverb, or both. The function of a phrasal verb
Not all languages have phrasal
is to convey a meaning different from the literal meaning of the individual
verbs. English does, but words that form it.
Spanish does not. Phrasal
verbs are two or three words 1. Below are some phrasal verbs related to sports. Try to guess what they
that always go together, mean using the context.
usually not able to be literally
• I enjoy working out at the gym every night after work.
translated word-for-word
from one language to another. • Oh no! I ate too much pizza. I must work off every slice of it if I want
to wear that dress!
• Don’t start yet! You need to warm up first, or you can get a sprain.
• Michael loves baseball and he is good at it. He should try out for
the team.
• Near the end of a triathlon, many athletes pass out due to exhaustion
and dehydration.
• Did you see that Andy Ruiz Jr. won the fight when he knocked out
his opponent?
• Daniel Cormier never gives up during a fight, that is why he is the UFC
heavyweight champion.
2. Write the number of the phrasal verb next to its definition.
to become unconscious.
Freepik / Tirachardz
1 Try out for to exercise in order to improve

the strength or appearance of
your body.
2 Work out
to prepare yourself for a

3 Knock out physical activity.
to exercise in order to lose the

Pair work. With a partner Warm up
practice saying sentences
4 weight or be in good physical
condition.
that include phrasal verbs.
5 Work off
to demonstrate your abilities
so a coach can decide if you
Give up should be on the team.
6
Vocabulary to stop doing something,
7 Pass out to quit.
phrase. a group of words

commonly used together to hit somebody and make
sprain. an injury to a joint them unconscious.
or muscle
8
Oral Communication
Give examples of extreme sports. Which extreme sports can you do in your country?
Extreme Sports
Listen to the following recording about places to travel to practice extreme
sports. As you listen the first time, fill in the chart with the important Audio
information you hear. Then, the second time, check if the sport is interesting Listen to the dialogue.
or boring to you.
Dimensions/
Place Sport Interesting Boring
Height/Depth
Pixabay / skeeze
Pair work. Ask your classmates if they have done the sports listed
below. When and where have then done them?
BASE jumping
For example:
Have you played tennis? Where?
Sport Name Where
Tennis
Soccer
Basketball
Mineduc
Baseball
Vocabulary
Swimming
BASE jump. parachuting
or wingsuit flying. Jumping off
Gymnastics a cliff or tall structure
coral reef. an area of colored

rock-like animals in the ocean
Extreme Sports
peak. The top of a mountain
9
What is in an amusement park? What kinds of things can you do in an amusement park?
Amusement Parks Around the World
There are many places where you can have fun, but nothing is like
amusement parks. Here is a list of the most amazing places to visit if you
are a fan of roller coasters.
Denmark’s Tivoli Gardens is full of flowers. It was an inspiration
for Walt Disney. It has existed since 1843. It is full of different games like
bumper cars and roller coasters.
Disney World’s Magic Kingdom is in Orlando, Florida. It is the biggest
park in the world, with more than 20 million visitors yearly. There are
castles, mountains, and many new things every time you visit.
Efteling Park in the Netherlands is an amusement park with inspiration
Pixabay / Sascha Zehner
in ancient legends. There is a magic tree called Marerijk and a scary roller
coaster called Baron 1898. This roller coaster falls very quickly before
circling the park.
These are just some of the amazing amusement parks in the world.
There are also other beautiful places like Beto Carrero World in Brazil
with big roller coasters or like Epcot in Germany’s Europa Park with
indoor and outdoor roller coasters.
Retrieved from: https://www.insider.com/amusement-parks-around-world-2018-10#europa-park-has-13-
roller-coasters-and-globally-themed-park-districts-6
1. Which of the parks written about would you like to visit?

Mineduc
2. Is there any big amusement park in your country? What is it called?

What can you do there?
Vocabulary
3. What would you add to the amusement parks in your country?
bumper cars. cars that
are driven for fun at an
amusement park
roller coasters. a ride at

an amusement park that take
you up, down, and in circles
very fast
10
Oral Communication
How many different roller coasters have you ridden? Where are the roller coasters near where you live?
Roller Coasters
Listen to the following audio about roller coasters around the world.
Complete the chart with the information you hear. Audio
Listen to the dialogue.
Position on Name of the roller

the list coaster Location Height
Pixabay / Jakob Strauß

• Discuss the following questions with a partner. Use “me too”
and “me neither”.
• Do you like roller coasters? Why or why not?
• After listening to this information, which of these roller coasters

would you like to ride? Grammar Tip
• Why do you think that none of the roller coasters on the list Use “me too” to agree
are in Latin America? with a positive statement.
• I like roller coasters.
• Me too!
Use “me neither” to agree
with a negative statement.
• I don’t like sports.
• Me neither!
Vocabulary
height. the distance

from the top to the bottom
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of something
11
Reading
History
What amusement parks have you visited?
The History of Bakken Amusement Park
When we think of amusement parks, usually very modern places

with new technology come to mind. We think of countries like the
United States or Japan, that have many modern attractions. However,
in the northern part of the city of Copenhagen, Denmark, there is
the oldest amusement park in the world, Bakken. This park opened
in 1583 and still operates today. There are 150 games in its facilities,
some that are very interesting like the wooden roller coaster built
Pixabay / Paul Brennan
in 1932. This park is the second most important tourist attraction

in Denmark. Originally, this park offered fireworks, amusement
rides and dancing games. But throughout history, most parks have
closed and new ones have appeared. Bakken, unlike many others,
has survived, and is still operating today.
Retrieved from: https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/
oldest-amusement-park-in-operation
After Reading
1. What other type of attractions do you think Bakken has? Why do you
think that it has survived for so many years?
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2. Do you know of other amusement parks with an interesting history?
3. What do you think are some of the most important tourist attractions
in your country?
Vocabulary
wooden. made of wood
12
Writing
What phrasal verbs do you use without even thinking about them?
More Phrasal Verbs

Tip
People use phrasal verbs in everyday conversations. You learned some
phrasal verbs related to sports in lesson B. What other phrasal verbs do Phrasal verbs are verbs
you know? Write three of them here with their meaning and use them in an combined with other words,
original sentence.
to give a new meaning. They
are very common in English.
Phrasal verbs are useful because
1 they provide variations in
meaning from the base verb.
Dictionaries don’t always have
an entry for phrasal verbs
separately.
Now, in pairs, choose four of the phrasal verbs you learned in this unit
and create a dialogue that could take place in an amusement park. Make
a dialogue that you can relate to. Write a short dialogue of 60-80 words.
Be prepared to act it out in front of your class. You can use the past and
present tenses.
A.
B.
A.
B.
A.
B.
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13
Assessment
Speaking Listening
1 Interview a classmate about good places to do sports 2 Listen to a woman talk about her hometown of
in your country. Ask them the following questions Chicago. Decide if each of the statements are True,
and create two of your own. Take notes. False, or Not mentioned.
a. There are not many festivals in Chicago.

a. Tell me 4 places where people can go to
True
practice sports in Ecuador.
False
Not Mentioned
b. There is food from all over the world.
True
b. What kinds of sports can people practice
there? False
Not Mentioned
c. There are indoor concerts.

c. What do you need to go to these places?
True
False
Not Mentioned
d. Are these places popular? Why or why not?
d. There is a beach for dogs.
True
False
Create 2 questions of your own
Not Mentioned
1.
e. A lot of tourists go to Navy Pier.
True
False
Not Mentioned
2.
f. On the 108th floor of the Willis Tower, there
is a beautiful view of the city.
True
False
Not Mentioned
14
Assessment What do you like to do?
Reading
1 Read this text about the history of Disneyland. with engineers, carpenters, and scientists
What do you notice about the way it is written? Pay who helped him make his dream come true.
attention to aspects like register of language (formal/ So, it was with the help of these people that
informal), verb tenses, time expressions, and words Walt Disney created the family-friendly
you don’t recognize. Write your observations. amusement park that still receives millions
of visitors each year.
Retrieved from: https://disneydose.com/disneyland-history/
The history of Disneyland and the reason

why theme parks happened
Writing
When someone says “amusement park”, 2 Write a brief paragraph (40-50 words) about what
the first thing that comes to many people’s it is like to go to the amusement parks in your
minds is the Disneyland theme park. However, country. Include the price, what attractions you
have you ever wondered who had the idea can visit, and who you can go with. If you have
to create it in the first place? What were not been to an amusement park, write about what
the first games that people enjoyed? type of amusement park you want in your city
The creation of Disneyland set a standard for or town and which attractions you would include.
all the amusement and theme parks around the
world. It established an entertainment industry.
Walt Disney created the amusement park that
changed the way families enjoy fun in the US.
Before Disneyland, amusement parks were
trolley parks, built at the ends of train lines
to get people to visit them. At the beginning of the
20th century, the Great Depression and Second
World War affected the amusement industry. Vocabulary
They had no money for good maintenance and 3 Choose three of the most interesting attractions at
bad people went there. amusement parks and describe them in your own
words.
Thanks to the letters that the children
sent to Walt Disney and the fact that there
1
was nowhere for his daughter and the rest
of his family to have fun, in the early 1950’s
he decided to build a park. There, families
could meet his cartoon characters and ride his 2
trains. It seems like a common idea today, but at
the time it was completely original. Disney put
together the best of the best from his studio, 3
I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.
Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me

I do it very I do it I can I can’t do it
Topics well somewhat well improve without help
I can write sentences related to sports and entertainment using
phrasal verbs.
I can express myself using the present and past simple.
I can describe fictional and nonfictional characters.
I can ask questions to better understand sports.
15
Project 1
Creating your own sports / amusement park
1. Think of an ideal place where you can go with your entire family to have
fun during the weekend or on vacation.
Tip
Remember to add the “s” for

“he”, “she”, and “it” at the end
of the verbs in the present
simple tense and that the verb
after “do” and “does” always
goes in the base form.
2. Write a description of this place in 60-80 words. Include the name of the
place, the activities that you can do there, what it has, the entrance cost
(if there is one), and any other details you think are relevant. First organize
your ideas in the table below, and then write a paragraph. Draw a map
of the place on the left side of this page for people to get a better idea
of what it is like. Write your text in the present tense and be prepared
to share it with the class.
My sports / amusement park:
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16
Let's review
Vocabulary
1 Below are some of the words used in this module. 3 Define 3 of the following expressions in your own
Choose 5 words and include them in original, words:
complete sentences:
Olympic sports, rugby, football, soccer, team, match, fit, Throw in, belt out, blow away, look forward,
handball, away game, home game, corner, goal, locker a false start, to jump the gun, the front runner,
room, draw, defender, goalkeeper, header, midfielder, ‘hit the ground running.
spectator, assistant referee, attacker, striker, penalty
kick, penalty shootout, extended/extra time, full-time,
half-time, field, stands, shoot pass, red card, yellow card,
score, suffer defeat, win.
1.
2.
Reading
4 History of soccer uniforms – Summarize what you
3. read on page 4 in your own words.
4.
5.
Grammar
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2 Write sentences that include the following: a regular

past tense verb, an irregular past tense verb, three
sentences with phrasal verbs about entertainment
and/or sports.
For example:
Spain won the soccer world cup in 2010.

Germany was the world champion in Brazil 2014.
17
Lesson C

Social Studies
What are some of the differences between football, soccer, and rugby?
Soccer
Also known as football in Europe, soccer is a sport played with

two teams of 11 players each. It has become the most popular sport
in the world. It is a sport that only needs a ball and is played on
a rectangular grass field, sand, or artificial turf that has a goal at each
end. The opposing goal using their feet only. Each person on the team
has a role. There are the defenders, the attackers, the midfielders,
the forwards and the goalkeeper. The goalkeeper is the only player
who can use their hands or arms to throw the ball. The team with
the highest number of goals by the end of the game wins. If the score is
tied at the end of the game, the referee declares a tie or the game goes
on for 30 more minutes. If the game is still tied, penalty kicks decide the
winner.
Freepik
Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/football_(soccer).htm
World Fact
American football, rugby, Goalkeeper

and soccer are all football.
The word football comes from Defenders
a family of sports. Rugby
Midfielders
Football and Association
Football were invented in Forwards
England. Rugby football is
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known as rugby. The word

“association” became “assoc”.
and this then became “soccer.”
In the US people use soccer Answer each of the questions after the reading.
to differentiate the sport from 1. What are the important rules of soccer?
American football. So, soccer
is not an American invention,
it was first played in England.
2. What are the responsibilities of the different soccer players during

a game? (Explain)
Vocabulary
score. the number of points,

goals, etc. achieved by each
3. When the score is tied at the end of a game, how is a winner decided?
team in a game or competition
tied. to end a game with

both teams having the same
number of points
18
Oral Communication
Where and when was soccer invented? Why do you think it is so popular?
History of soccer
Listen to the following audio about the history of soccer. Write if the
statements are True(T) or False(F). Audio
1. Soccer was played by Romans and Greeks in the 2nd and
3rd century.
2. Biting was one of the practices allowed in soccer during

medieval times.
3. The goal of the sport was to move the ball to the target.
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4. King Edward III didn’t permit people to play soccer.
5. Soccer was prohibited due to violence.
6. People have played soccer for around three thousand years.
• Pair work. Ask and answer these questions with your classmates.
• Do you like to play soccer? What position do you like to play? Why?
Tip
• Are you a soccer fan? Do you support a team? Which team do you
support and why? Remember that you use ordinal
numbers to say the centuries.
• Why do you think that soccer and other sports were played by
For example you say:
various civilizations throughout history? Explain.
the twenty-first century or the
• When do you think it is a good idea to prohibit people from playing fourteenth centure, not simply
a sport? 21 or 14.
Vocabulary
Wikipedia Commons / H.Pot
biting. closing something

between your teeth
punching. hitting something

with a closed fist
19
Reading
How important are sports in your country? In what sports are Ecuadorians successful?
Richard Carapaz
Before Reading
While you read, pay attention to any words
you don’t know and underline them.
• Do you know who Richard
Carapaz is?
• Do you know any sport
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in which an Ecuadorian
has been very successful?
Ecuador doesn’t have a great cycling culture, but a look at the front
page of many newspapers left no doubt that Richard Carapaz, the
“Locomotive of Carchi”, became an Ecuadorian legend. The athlete
from Carchi achieved great status when he won the 2019 Giro d’Italia,
a tremendous accomplishment achieved through hard work and
dedication. He gave the Ecuadorian people goosebumps and made his
nation proud.
The Ecuadorian government negotiated with ESPN and agreed to
broadcast the final race live on television. Parks and squares were full by
6 a.m., principally in Carchi, Carapaz’s home province. In Quito, around
Flickr / Agencia ANDES
5,000 fans got together to cheer on Carapaz. His accomplishments clearly

caught the attention of the entire nation, where cycling had never been
in the spotlight.
Retrieved from: http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/
giro-ditalia-victory-gives-carapaz-sporting-immortality-in-ecuador/
After Reading
1. What is Carapaz’s nickname? What do you think it means?
Vocabulary
accomplishment. something 2. How did Ecuadorians feel when Carapaz won the race?
done through hard work
and effort
achieve. to succeed
in finishing something
3. In the past, was cycling popular in Ecuador? Explain.
or reaching a goal, especially
after a lot of work or effort
goosebumps. a temporary
condition in which small
bumps appear on the skin 4. How has Carapaz’s victory changed the way Ecuadorians see cycling?
because of cold, fear,

or excitement
spotlight. the focus or center

of attention
20
Writing
Language and Literature
What was one of the greatest moments in the history of sports?
Describe a Great Moment in Sports
Think of a great moment in the history of sports. Describe it in three

sentences using the simple past. Where and when did it happen? Who
did it involve? What was the result?
When?
Where?
Who?
Result?
Freepik
Grammar Tip
When we talk about a historic

event, we can use the past tense.
Freepik
In this tense, speakers need to

recognize regular and irregular
Become a sports narrator and give more details about the event you
verbs. For regular verbs, you
mentioned above. What happened at that competition? Write two
need to add “ed” at the end
paragraphs, between 60-80 words in total, narrating the events.
Use the past tense. Use time expressions to guide your reader, of the verb and “d” when the
including: first, next, then, after that, at the same time, etc. verb ends in -e. Irregular verbs
don’t follow a pattern, so it is
important to learn them by
heart as you see them.
Vocabulary
learn by heart. to learn

something very thoroughly.
Memorize
21
How many different events are there within gymnastics?
Gymnastics in the Olympics

World Fact
Changing and beautiful, Olympic gymnastics is a breathtaking show.
Greeks believed that a balance
between the mind and body Gymnastics was one of the original sports in the Olympic Games.
was only possible when physical This sport demands athletes to perform on a variety of equipment trying to be
exercise went along with perfect. These are some of the women’s gymnastics events:
mental activity. Philosophers
like Aristotle, Homer, and Beam
Plato recommended the In this event, gymnasts must be very precise in keeping their balance while
strengthening properties they do flips, turns, and jumps on a beam that is 1.2 meters above the ground,
of gymnastics. and measures 5 meters long, and just 10 centimeters wide.
Floor
Here, gymnasts have to perform a 90-second routine with music. The act
must involve a combination of gymnastics, dance, and interpretation.
Uneven Bars
For this, gymnasts must have a lot of upper body strength. They make
a variety of movements going from the low to the high bars. They need
to finish with their feet together to get a good score.
Springboard
Here, gymnasts run, then jump. They are judged on how they move
in the air.
Retrieved from: https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/news/detail/
rhythmic-and-artistic-gymnastics-explained/
1. What are some of the events in women’s gymnastics?

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2. What skills do gymnasts need to have?
3. Which event do you think would be the most difficult? Why?
Vocabulary
Arts and sports aren’t always seen as two compatible things. However,
breathtaking. dramatically
some say that these two activities go hand-in-hand. Do you think that
exciting and beautiful

sports are a form of art or not? Why? In your notebook, write a short
strength. the ability to do paragraph of 40-50 words about an artistic sport you like. Why do
things that need a lot of you like it? Why do you consider it a form of art? Is this sport practiced
physical or mental effort in Ecuador? Explain. Be prepared to share your work with the class.
22
Oral Communication
Which gymnastics event do you enjoy watching the most?
Gymnastics Events
Listen to the following conversation between an athlete and an interviewer.

Then answer the questions in the next two activities.
1. According to the dialogue, what do each of the following words mean?

Choose the best option for each one.
Performance
A A type of sport C A show
B A type of gymnastic event D A place where gymnasts

practice
Introduce
A To put something into C To start using a new

use, operation, or a place system, rule, or method
for the first time
B To tell someone another D To formally suggest a new

person’s name the first law to be discussed and
time that they meet voted on
Looking forward to
A To feel sad about C To feel scared about

something that happened something that is going to
Freepik
in the past happen
B To feel anxious about D To feel excited about

something someone else something that is going to
is doing happen
Tip
2. Now listen again and decide who would say the following things. Write
“Tim”, “Lauren”, “neither” or “both” in the space. Notice how Lauren and Tim
form questions in the past.
a. I practiced a lot for this competition. The auxiliary “do” and “does”
used in present turn into “did”
b. I was excited about the competition.
for every person and the verb
c. This was my first time at the competition. that follows is always in the base
form. With questions with the
d. I like the vault event the most. verb to be are in the past form:
e. The music choice was important to get a good score. was and were.
Pair work. In your notebook, create a dialogue of 50-70 words between

an interviewer and an athlete, about a sport from this unit. One student
is going to be the interviewer and the other the athlete. Remember Vocabulary
to use the auxiliary do or does to ask questions in the simple present.
take part in. to be involved
Be prepared to present your dialogue in front of the class.
in something
23
Lesson D

How are languages important for athletes? What is the relation between languages and sports?
Good reasons for athletes to learn a new language

The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education lists the following benefits
of learning another language from an athlete’s point of view:
1. Understanding different cultures: A language tells us a lot about the way

people who speak it think. When an athlete competes against people from
different cultures, knowing their language is an important psychological
advantage.
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2. Being autonomous and resourceful: Big competitions don’t

usually happen in one’s home city. Athletes must travel, and knowing
the language may help them get around in different places.
3. Improving location intelligence and increasing receptiveness:
Value: Interculturality In sports, it is important to be able to predict and comprehend the game, the
opponent, and respond fast. When athletes learn another language, they can
Participating in the Olympics is become more aware of expressing things.
not only about the competition
and trying to win a medal. These are just some of the multiple benefits of learning a language
It’s also about sharing your own for athletes.
culture and learning about other Retrieved from: https://www.oise.com/blog/4-reasons-olympic-athletes-learn-foreign-language
cultures from around the world.
Many athletes practice speaking
words and phrases in different
languages. The athletes are
learning about other cultures, Γεια σας! Zdravo! Halo!
and having fun at the same time. HOlA! !‫ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ‬ HEllo! 你好
Freepik
World Fact
A Frenchman named Pierre 1. Who benefits from learning a language according to the article?
de Coubertin organized the
Olympic Games of Athens
in 1896. That is why French
2. What are some of the benefits an athlete can get from learning a foreign
is an official language of
language?
the International Olympic
Committee, along with
English. At official Olympic
events it is normal to do 3. How can knowing a foreign language help athletes when they are
announcements in French, competing in a different country?
English, and the language
of the host country.
4. According to the reading, what is receptiveness?
Vocabulary
resourceful. able to find and 5. Can you think of another benefit of learning foreign languages? Do you
use different ways to help agree or disagree with the benefits listed in the article? Explain.
achieve your goals
24
Oral Communication
How important are colors in soccer?
Colors in Soccer
1. Listen to the audio about color blindness in soccer. You will hear some
numbers. Complete the questions below with the correct information. Audio
We have 3…
8%...
1 in 200…
up to 1 in 10…
2. Listen again. Correct and rewrite the following statements about color
blindness.
a. Color blindness in soccer is not important.
b. Color blindness is the inability to perceive figures normally.
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c. We see color through specialized brain cells in our eyes called cones.
d. We have three types of cone cells which absorb red, blue, or yellow light.
Tip
e. People with color blindness see many shapes as the same.
Notice that when talking about
numbers and statistics,
percentages in English are
f. Color blindness is very uncommon in men because it’s carried on the expressed without the use
X-chromosome. of any article (not a(n), not the).
He won 90% of his races.
g. The main problems with color blindness in soccer are not being able
to distinguish different teammate’s colors.
Anyone taking part in a soccer event may have color blindness. Have
you ever taken a test to check if you have a visual problem? Can you see
the numbers in the colored spots below?
Vocabulary
caucasian. a white person;

a person of European origin
color blindness. a condition

of not being able to tell the
Vecteezy.com
difference between various

colors
25
Reading
Can fictional characters like cartoons really influence sports?
Cartoons and Sports

Before Reading
Captain Tsubasa: the animated star who changed the face of Japanese
Think of a TV series or a movie soccer and inspired Messi and Iniesta
about sports or athletes. What
kinds of sport do the characters The Japanese soccer team, Samurai Blue, went from an unknown team
practice? Do you enjoy watching to regulars in the World Cup. Their revolution is due to the formation
it? Why or why not? of the country’s first professional soccer league in the 1990s, but also
to one player that inspired a generation of soccer players to take up
the now favorite sport. That player is Tsubasa Oozora, the fictional
11-year-old soccer-obsessed student.
Writer Yōichi Takahashi thought of Tsubasa during his high
school years. In the 1970s and 80s, sumo wrestling was the national
sport of Japan. In 1978, the World Cup in Argentina was televised live
in Japan, and it captivated Takahashi.
The more he researched soccer, the more he learned about it.
He quickly fell under its spell. It was not Japan’s favorite sport, but it was
the world’s favorite sport. Takahashi created Tsubasa, the young wannabe
soccer star, who survived a bus hitting him because of the soccer ball
he held.
Tsubasa is in more than, 6 animated series, 4 films, 14 multi-console
video games, toys, clothes, and much more. It is very popular and captured
the imagination of thousands of children, including soccer players Messi,
Fernando Torres, Alessandro Del Piero, Andrés Iniesta, Lukas Podolski,
Zidane, and many more.
Mineduc
Retrieved from: https://thesefootballtimes.co/2018/06/11/captain-tsubasa-the-anime-star-who-changed-the-

face-of-japanese-football-and-inspired-messi-iniesta-and-nakata/
After Reading
Think of another cartoon 1. In your own words, explain why Tsubasa is important in the history of soccer.
or fictional character that
has a sport as its main topic.
What is it about? Who are
the main characters? What 2. What does “take up” mean in the phrase “one player that inspired
do they do? Does or did it a generation of soccer players to take up the now favorite sport”?
have any influence in real
life? In your notebook, write
a paragraph of 50-60 words 3. What type of merchandise of this anime can people get?
explaining what this character
does.
4. Have you ever watched this animated series? Why or why not?
Vocabulary
spell. spoken words that

are thought to have magical 5. Is there any series, comic, or cartoon that inspires you? How?
powers
wannabe. a person who

wants to be something 6. What is the relationship between Captain Tsubasa and Messi?
or someone else
26
Writing
What sport are you strongest at? How long have you been practicing?
The Sport I am Best at

Grammar Tip
Remember that we use “in” when

we talk about months, seasons,
years, decades, and centuries.
For example: because in the 1970s
and 80s, sumo was the national sport
of Japan.
Freepik
1. Imagine that you have to choose a sport to represent your country at an
international championship. Which one would you choose out of all the
sports we have seen in this module? Write it here.
Freepik
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Value: Ethics
2. What kind of qualities do you think that a person needs to have
to represent the country in this sport? List them here. Everyone wants to win more
than lose, but doing your
1 personal best is even more
important. Being an ethical
athlete means following the
2 rules in competitions, and in
your life outside of sports.
Always behave in a way that
3 you can be proud of.
Group work. Now line up as a class in two lines facing each other.
Vocabulary
Talk to the person across from you about your opinion. Do you agree
or disagree with each other? After 2 minutes, your teacher will ask one season. one of the four
of the lines to move down one person. Talk with each person for two periods of the year; spring,
minutes. Then discuss general conclusions as a class. summer, fall, or winter
27
What are the most common sports around the world?
Common Sports Around the World

World Fact
The Olympic Games and Each country has its own preferences in everything. These are the
World Cup Soccer may most common sports in some countries.
be the most famous sports
competitions, but there are In Australia, cricket, football, and rugby are very popular. In Canada,
many other sports that have people like practicing ice hockey, but also lacrosse, Canadian football,
their own tournaments. basketball, and baseball. Chinese people enjoy various sports like martial
For example, there is the arts, basketball, football, table tennis and volleyball. In France, many
24 Hours of Le Mans, the people watch and practice sports like soccer, rugby, motorsports, and
Super Bowl, The National cycling. For Germans, watching and playing soccer is very common.
Basketball Association Finals, In India it is not difficult to find people who love cricket. In Japan,
The Masters, Polo at Palermo, people enjoy watching or practicing sumo, judo, karate, and kendo.
Wimbledon, and others. Do The Japanese are also interested in western sports such as baseball
you know which sport each of and football. Some say sports in the United States are going through
these tournaments is about? a revolution now. People believe that in this country American football,
basketball, and baseball are the only popular sports, but more and more
Americans are interested in other sports like hockey and soccer.
The truth is that it is typical for a country to generally prefer a sport
or two, but most like watching all sorts of sports.
Retrieved from: https://viva-mundo.com/en/noticia/post/what-motivates-students-study-abroad
Freepik
1. What does the article refer to with the phrase, “Each country has its own
preferences”?
2. What is common for people in all these countries?
3. What are some wrong ideas people have about sports in other countries?
4. Do you think that people in other countries are interested in the same
sports as the ones on the list? Explain your answer.
Design your own sports 5. Why are some sports more popular in specific countries? Explain and
atlas. Make a list of 5 sports. give examples.
Print a map of the world.
Do research to find which of
those 5 sports are common in
which countries. Draw arrows
or signs to show in which
countries people like or don’t 6. What sports do people in your country enjoy playing or watching?
like each sport. Explain in
complete sentences why you
chose each sport and place.
28
Oral Communication
Give examples of entertaining plans for a weekend.
More Phrasal Verbs

Let’s find out the meaning of these phrasal verbs.
Audio
1. Listen to a conversation between two friends about plans. What does Listen to the dialogue.
each of the phrasal verbs mentioned in the dialogue mean? Match
the phrasal verb and its meaning by writing the number of the phrasal
verb next to its meaning.
leave home to go to a social
1 Go back event
return to a place
2 Check in
arrive and register at a place Tip

3 Drop by
Remember that phrasal verbs
ask many people the same are verbs with a main verb
4 Ask around question and a couple of other words.
Their meaning is not obvious
from the meanings of the
5 Give out arrive without an appointment
individual words in them.
So, you can’t translate them
6 Go out
give to many people literally to your language.
(usually at no cost)
2. Choose 4 of the phrasal verbs you heard in the dialogue. Write your own
dialogue of 50-60 words where the characters use the phrasal verbs
with each other.
Vocabulary
Good ways to organize ideas. Group work. Form groups of four. Select not mind. give no importance,
one phrasal verb (each group must have a different phrasal verb). Make
not making a big deal

a mind map with the phrasal verb at the center. Write all the words
related to the phrasal verb. You can include sentences, examples, and grill. to cook food over fire
drawings. Be prepared to show your work to the class and explain the or hot coals, usually on a
relationships among the elements in your mind map. metal frame
29
Assessment
Writing Reading
1 Choose one of the sports you saw during this unit 2 Read the following excerpt. What does it tell you
and write an article of 70-80 words about any about success? Governments? Athletes? Write
aspect of the sport or the athletes that practice it. down your ideas in your notebook.
Your article can be in present and past tense and
needs to include at least one phrasal verb. Why are certain countries better at specific sports?
There is no other country as good at

Introduction
squash as Egypt, Iran is the best at wrestling,
and no one beats South Korea at archery.
What makes one country better than all the
other countries at one sport? Is it possible to
find the reason for a country to choose a sport
and then dominate it?
Detail 1
More than the half of the world’s top 10
men’s squash players are from Egypt. Hosni
Mubarak, Egypt’s President, increased the
money for the sport. It is common that
schools in Egypt give talented learners time
to practice squash. They have strict coaches
and training sessions up to 6 hours most days.
Weightlifting and wrestling are the
dominant sports in Iran. Persian athletes have
Detail 2 combined spirituality and strength training
for centuries, and that still continues.
South Korea has won more medals
in archery than every other country combined
since 1972. Their domination of archery
started in 1979 when a student won the gold
medal in this sport. The government invests
much more money in it than any other
government in the world. Therefore, parents
encourage their children to practice the sport.
Detail 3 When those children grow up and become
winners, they inspire the next generation.
Retrieved from: https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/articles/
why-do-certain-countries-excel-at-certain-sports/
Conclusion
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30
Assessment What do you like to do?
Listening Speaking
1 Listen to the following audio about the best 3 Group work. Discuss the sports we have seen in this
soccer player of all time and determine if each chapter with two classmates. What are some of the
of the following statements are True, False, or Not characteristics of each one? Which ones are most
Mentioned in the audio. interesting to you and your classmates? Are there
any that you think you could practice in your city?
a. It is easy to say who the best Take notes and be prepared to discuss your answers.
soccer player of all time is.
b. People don’t usually agree on
who the best player is. Grammar/Vocabulary
4 Think about a historic moment of a match or
c. Pelé received the Jules Rimet in competition of a sport you like. Write 5 sentences
the 1950s. using the simple past.
d. Pelé got of legal age when he Example: During Mexico’s World Cup in 1986, Maradona
played for the first time in the touched the ball with his hand and scored a goal against
World Cup. England. This goal is known as “the hand of God”.
e. Pelé scored 12,181 goals by the

end of his career.
1
2 Listen again and answer the following questions.
a. Why is it hard to determine who the best player

of all time is? 2
b. What advantages does a soccer player now have

that a player in the past didn’t?
4
c. How old was Pelé when he won the world cup? 5
I’m completing this self-evaluation based on what I learned in the module.
Self-evaluation I check the box that most applies to me

I do it I do it I can I can’t do it
Topics very well somewhat well improve without help
I can narrate a historic event related to sports using sentences in the past
simple.
I can explain an entertaining plan using phrasal verbs related to entertainment.
I can identify and express the benefits of sports using vocabulary related to
sports.
31
Project 2
Sports Interview
Now that you are a sports expert, prepare an interview for the Ecuadorian
sub-20 team. Half of your class are the interviewers and the other half are
members of the soccer team.
Tip
• Remember to use the

appropriate vocabulary
and verb tense. If you are
talking about something
that is true now or
happening now, use
the present. If you are
telling a story that already
happened, use the past.
getty image / TF-Images

• Good interview questions
are NOT yes/no questions.
Write Wh-questions to
get more information
during your interview.
For example, Where was
you best game? Step 1
Work with a partner and write four questions that you can ask the players.
1
2
3
4
Step 2
For each group of two, one person is the interviewer and the other one is a
member of the team. All interviewers go to one side of the classroom and
all players go to the other side.
Step 3
The interviewers take turns asking questions to different players. You

can ask follow-up questions (like Why? When? How?) if you want more
information.
Step 4
Freepik
Summarize the information as a class. How “real” was your interview?
32

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English What do you like to do?

Tenth Grade EGB

According to the European Union

Retrieved from: https://www.coe.int/en/web/compass/culture-and-sport

Are you surprised with the European Union’s statistics? Why?

What percentage of young people practice sports in your city?

Communication and Cultural Awareness

Does Ecuador have any Olympic champions? In what events?

History of the Olympics

The Olympic Games were started in ancient Greece 3,000 years

1. What other sports championship or tournament can you name?

2. What is your favorite sport? Why do you like it?

3. Are there any sports you dislike? Explain.

4. Which sport is the easiest to practice in your city?

Vocabulary Archery - Fencing - Badminton - Voleyball - Lacrosse -

A.D. abbreviation for

referring to a year after

split. divided into two or more

American Football and Rugby

Venn diagrams are a good way

Pixabay / David Mark

between items and their elements

pads. pieces of foam and

field. the flat area of grass

helmet. a strong, hard hat that

covers and protects the head

The History of Soccer Uniforms

1. How have soccer uniforms changed throughout history?

shin guards. a piece of rubber

scarf. a strip, square, or triangle

cleats. a special type of shoe

My Favorite Sports Moment

Second person Tip

Retrieved from: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-narration.html

collected, write a short 80-90 words narration. Be sure to write all

There are many beautiful sports. One of them is synchronized

Well, that’s because they have a portable underwater speaker.

Answer these questions based on what you read.

1. Describe synchronized swimming in your own words.

3. Do you think that it should be considered a sport? Explain

train. to prepare and practice

plug. a small piece of rubber,

Sports Around the World

Country Sport Yes No Maybe

1. Make groups of 6 people each. Remember that we use

3. Divide the group, so 3 students compete against three others.

Communication and Cultural Awareness

2. Write the number of the phrasal verb next to its definition.

1 Try out for to exercise in order to improve

to prepare yourself for a

to exercise in order to lose the

phrase. a group of words

Have you played tennis? Where?

Sport Name Where

coral reef. an area of colored

Amusement Parks Around the World

1. Which of the parks written about would you like to visit?

2. Is there any big amusement park in your country? What is it called?

roller coasters. a ride at