Lesson 3

Protective Alarms

BASIC CONCEPT OF PROTECTIVE ALARMS

Alarm systems are designed to alert the security personnel to consummated or

attempted intrusion into an area, building or compound.

Each type of alarm is activated if an intruder tampers the circuitry, a beam or

radiated waves.

PROTECTIVE ALARMS

 Is an aural or visual signal given by the

annunciator to the security when intruder
actuate certain devices in a protected
area.
 It is also for fire, smoke, or other
emergencies and presence of hazards.
TYPES OF ALARM SYSTEM

 METALLIC FOIL OR WIRE

- It will detect any action that moves or break the foil or wire

 AUDIO DETECTION DEVICE

- It is a supersensitive microphone speaker sensor that is installed in the
walls, ceilings, and floors of the protected area

 PHOTOELECTRIC or ELECTRIC EYE DEVICE

- A light beam is transmitted at a frequency of several thousand vibrations
per second.
- It is connected by a wire to control station and when an intruder crosses
the beam, he breaks the contact with the photoelectric coil which
activates the alarm.

 VIBRATION DETECTION DEVICE

- Devices mounted on barriers and are used primarily to detect an attack
on the structure itself.
- When movement or vibration occurs, the unstable portion of the circuit
moves and breaks the current flow, which produces an alarm.

3 BASIC PARTS OF ALARM SYSTEM

 SENSOR OR TRIGGER DEVICE

 CIRCUIT OR TRANSMISSION LINE
 ANNUNCIATOR/ENUNCIATOR
3 BASIC PARTS OF ALARM SYSTEM

SENSOR OR TRIGGER DEVICE

- Device that can sense an abnormal condition within the system and
provide a signal indicating the presence or nature of the abnormality.

CIRCUIT OR TRANSMISSION LINE

- It is the communication channel that conveys the information from all

sensors in the system to the signal by means of wire, radio waves.

ANNUNCIATOR/ENUNCIATOR

- Is a visual or audible signaling device. The actual alarm may be audible

or silent, a bell, buzzer, phone ringing, or flashing of light

TYPES OF PROTECTIVE ALARM

CENTRAL STATION SYSTEM

- A type of alarm where the central station is located outside of the

installation.
- It is a system in which the alarm signal is relayed to remote panel
located at the facilities of private owned protection service company
manned by its personnel.
- Several separate compounds tie their alarm system to a central station
so that in case of need, the central station calls for assistance to the
police, fire department, hospital or with other government assisting
units.
PROPRIETARY SYSTEM

- Similar to the central station type excepts that the proprietary console is
located inside the subscribers installation who owns or bases the system.

AUXILLIARY SYSTEM

- An installation owned system which is a direct extension of the local

enforcement agency and/or fire department by special arrangement

LOCAL ALARM SYSTEM

- A local alarm in which a siren or bell is sounded with no predictable

response.
- This system is used in residence or small establishment which cannot
afford a respond system.
- Consist of rigging up a visual or audible alarm near the object to be
protected.

DIAL ALARM SYSTEM

- This system is set to dial a predetermined number.

- When the alarm is activated, the number selected might be the police
station or others.
- When the phone is answered, a recording voice will state that an
intrusion is in progress

FIRE PROTECTION

FIRE ALARM

- Any visual or audible signal produced by a device system to warn the

occupants of the building or firefighting elements of the presence or
danger of fire to enable them to undertake immediate action to save life
and property and to suppress the fire.
FIRE ALARM DEVICES

SMOKE DETECTOR – a device placed at the ceilings of the floor that detects
smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.

FIRE BELL – a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound.

STANDPIPES

- It is located inside the building from the lowest to the top floor with
water under pressure for use in case of fire. Located near the standpipe
is a fire hose usually enclosed in a glass box
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER

- A type of built-in sprinklers which works by the increase of room

temperature and which automatically operates the system to put out the
fire. Attached and distributed in the ceiling of the rooms.

- these sprinklers will go into action once a fires starts, and those that
will open are those that are directly above the fire and water is
delivered where it is needed.

FIRE HYDRANT

- It is a mechanical device strategically located in an installation or in a

street where a fire hose will be connected so that the water will be
available to extinguish a fire.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 - Is a firefighting equipment which can be used in fire fighting. It can be
either portable or in cart that is used to put out fire depending on the
contents to extinguish certain types of fire.

HOW TO OPERATE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

If you need to use a fire extinguisher, remember the word “PASS”

PULL the pin – fire extinguishers often have a pin, latch, or puncture lever that
you need to release first.

AIM low – aim the nozzle or hose of the extinguisher at the base of the fire.

SQUEEZE -the handle – this releases the extinguishing agent.

SWEEP- from side to side – Move in close, and sweep across the base of the fire.
Watch for re-flash of the fire.

ALARM DEVICES
MAGNETIC DOOR CONTACT

- Is a protective device usually placed in the door, and window that can
send notification when the opening and closure occurs.

PASSIVE INFRARED DETECTOR (PIR) or MOTION SENSOR

- PIR’s are able to distinguish if an infrared emitting object is present by

first learning the ambient temperature of the monitored space and then
detecting a change in the temperature caused by the presence of an
object.

PANIC BUTTON

- Often located under the counter, the button can be pressed in times of
distress, (such as robbery, disruptive or threatening behavior, or a
situation which may warrant assistance), triggering a silent alarm.
CCTV (CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEMS)

- is a system consisting of a television camera, video monitor, and a

transmission medium (cable, fiber or wireless) connecting the two. It is
used to monitor the premises.

TYPES OF BANK ALARM

1. FOOT RAIL ACTIVATOR

- They are place on the floor in such a position that tellers may activate
the alarm by placing the front of their foot to foot rail to activate the
alarm.

2. KNEE OR THIGH BUTTONS

- It is installed inside the teller station so that they can be activated by
knee or thigh pressure.

3. FOOT BUTTON
- Like the foot rail, it permits alarm activation in relatively safety, while
both hands remain clear in view of the robbers.

4. DOUBLE SQUEEZ BUTTON

- It requires pressure on both side of the device, thus the probability of
accidental alarm is reduced.
 LEARNING ACTIVITIES
 I. What is protective alarm and how does it provide security? Enumerate
examples.

Lesson 4

Protective Codes and Key Control

 PROTECTIVE LOCKS & KEY CONTROL

LOCK

- defined as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or electronic device

designed to prevent entry to a building or room.

PADLOCK

- a portable and detachable lock that can be used to secure something by

means of a sliding or hinged shackle.

TYPE OF LOCKS

1. KEY-OPERATED LOCK
 - It uses some sort of arrangement of internal physical barriers which
prevent the lock from operating unless they are properly aligned.
- The key is the device used to align these internal barriers so that the
lock may be operated

COMBINATION LOCK

- A lock that requires manipulation of parts according to a predetermined

combination code of numbers.

CARD OPERATED LOCK/CODED LOCK

 - A type of lock that can be opened by inserting a coded card in a slot in
the lock, or by pushing the correct button on the surface of the lock.

ELECTRONIC LOCK

- A type of lock that can be closed and opened remotely by electronic

means.

BIOMETRICS
 - A machine that can be used for identification of humans by their
characteristics or traits.
- It is used as a form of identification and access control.
- It is equipped with recording device that can identify the person
operating the lock and the time it was operated

GENERAL GROUPS OF LOCKS

a. WARDED LOCK
- is a type of lock that uses a set of obstructions, to prevent the lock from
opening unless the correct key is inserted.
- The correct key has notches or slots corresponding to the obstructions in
the lock, allowing it to rotate freely inside the lock.
 b. LEVER TUMBLE LOCK
- lock used in safe deposit box and is for all purposes.
- It is also used in desk, lockers and cabinets and are generally less secure
than pin tumbler lock.

PIN TUMBLER LOCK

- is a lock mechanism that uses pins of varying lengths to prevent the lock
from opening without the correct key.

DISC TUMBER LOCK

 - is a lock composed of slotted rotating detainer disc.
- A specially cut key rotates these discs like the tumblers of a safe to align
the slots, allowing the sidebar to drop into the slots, thus opening the
lock,
- Commonly designed for automobile industry and general use in car door
today.

KEY

- A small piece of shaped metal with incisions cut to fit the wards of a
particular lock, which is inserted into a lock and turned to open or close
it.

KEY CONTROL

- Defined as the management of keys in a plant or business organization to

prevent unauthorized individual access to the keys.

The following methods can be used to maintain effective key control;

 KEY CABINET – the cabinet will have to be sufficient size to hold the
original key to every lock system. It should be secured at all times.
 KEY RECORD – some administrative means must be set up to record code
numbers and indicates to whom keys to specific locks have been issued.
 INVENTORIES – periodic inventory will have to be made of all duplicate and
original keys in the hands of the employees whom they have been issued.
 AUDITS – An unannounced audit should be made of all key control records
and procedures by a member of management.
 DAILY REPORT – a daily report should be made to the person responsible for
key control from the personnel department indicating all persons who have
left or will be leaving the company.
TYPES OF KEY

1. CHANGE KEY
2. SUB-MASTER KEY
- a key that can open all locks within a particular area or grouping.

3. MASTER KEY

- a special key capable of opening a series of locks.

- It is capable of opening less number of locks than grand master key.

4. GRAND MASTER KEY

- a key that can open everything in a system involving two or more

master key groups
PETERMAN

- A term used in England for lock picker, safecrackers and penetrator of

restricted areas or rooms.

FALSE KEY

- Genuine key stolen from the owner

STATUTORY PROHIBITION OF KEY

Art. 304. Possession of Pick locks or similar tools.

- Any person, who shall without unlawful cause have in possession

picklocks or similar tools especially adapted to the commission of the
crime or robbery, shall be punished by arresto mayor in its maximum
period to prison correctional in the minimum period

ARTICLE 305. FALSE KEY

- The term “false key” shall be deemed to include;

- Genuine key stolen from the owner
- Any keys other than those intended by the owner for use in the lock
forcibly opened by offender.
 PROTECTIVE CABINETS

SAFE – metallic container used for the safekeeping of documents or small items in
an office or installation. It can be classified as both robbery and burglary
resistance depending upon the use and need.

SAFE SPECIFICATION

- At least 750 lbs. below 750 must be anchored to building

structure.
- 1 inch thick steel
- Door should be 1 ½ thick steel.

VAULT – heavily constructed fire and burglar resistance

container usually part of the building structure used to keep
and protect cash, documents and negotiable instruments. It
is bigger than safe but smaller than file room.

VAULT SPECIFICATIONS
 - Doors should be 6 inches thick made of steel
- Walls, ceilings and floor should be 12 inches thick.
- Floors should be elevated by 4 inches.
- Not more than 5,000 cubic feet in size
- Vault door must be fire resistance up to 4 to 6 hours.

FILE ROOM

- a cubicle in a building constructed to little lighter than a vault but bigger

size.
- It can accommodate limited people to work on the records inside.

FILE ROOM SPECIFICATIONS

- Should be 12 feet high

- Interior cubage should be not more than 10, 000 cubic
feet.
- Water tight door, fire proof for 1 hour.

SOME TEST FOR FIRE RESISTANCE

FIRE ENDURANCE TEST

- a safe should not have any one time a temperature 350 F

EXPLAIN HAZARD TEST

- A test to determine is the sudden rise in temperature will not cause the
safe to rupture. If the safe can withstand 2000 F for 30 minutes without
cracking or opening then it has passed the te

FIRE AND IMPACT TEST

• its objective is to determine the strength of a safe to resist the

collapse of a building during fire.
 LEARNING ACTIVITIES

I. What is protective code or key and how does it provide security?