API 653 24th March 2015 .

Sweet Memories

API 650

Shunt location 🡪 Did you know to go to 650 Annex C

C.3.1.6 All conductive parts of the external floating roof shall be electrically interconnected and bonded to
the outer tank structure. Bonding (grounding) shunts shall be provided on the external floating roof and
shall be located above the uppermost seal.

Peripheral seals

H.4.4.3 All peripheral seals and their attachment to the floating roof shall be designed to accommodate
±100 mm(±4 in.) of local deviation between the floating roof and the shell.

Did you know to go to 650 Annex H

7.3.6. 5 Water Filling Rate

Did you know to go to 650 Chapter 7?

 API 653
Annex G

Qualification of Tank Bottom Examination Procedures and Personnel

G.4.4 The authorized inspection agency is responsible for training each scanning operator they employ.
Each scanning operator should receive a minimum of 40 hours of training. This training should include .
Asking about the minimum hour .

G.5.1 Qualification Test Plates

G.5.1.1 The qualification test will be performed on a sample tank bottom with designed flaws. The sample
tank bottom should be a minimum of 70 ft2 to provide space for the designed flaws .

Did you know to go to 653 Annex G (for MFL)?

Similar service product classification
API 653 Para : H.3.2 , I was given ( crude oil heavy sticky oil and asked to find the class which was H

Did you know 653 Annex H (Similar Service)?

7.3.2 Structural
Existing rolled structural shapes that are to be reused shall meet the requirement of ASTM A7 .

Reconstruction TRICK QUESTION (NOT IN CH. 8

OR CH. 10)! Don’t forget Ch. 7 materials!!!)
Figure 9.1—Acceptable Details for Replacement of Shell Plate Material

One sketch as shown below and the question was … Is this a mistake ( must be 3” )

Easy Table 9.1 question … RBHVAC … Note 3

applies … “C” = greater of 3 in. or 5 x shell t !!!
In this case you must do a calculation if given a
shell thickness … 2 inches IS NEVER CORRECT
6.8 Records
6.8.1 General

Construction records, inspection history, and repair/alteration history.

Asking what are the records type .

9.10.2.3
All arc-gouged areas of the tank shell-to-bottom weld shall be magnetic particle examined, and defective
areas repaired and re-examined.

9.14.1.4
Hot taps are not permitted on the roof of a tank or within the gas/vapor space of the tank.
Figure 9.12—Details for Installing a New Bottom Through an Existing Tombstone Reinforcing
Plate

t=1/2” was given to find J value:

12.2.1.7 The minimum diagnostic length of each radiograph shall be 6 in.

13.2 Recordkeeping
13.2.3
d) radiographs (radiographs shall be retained for at least one year)

3.19
h) jacking a tank shell. ::> considers a major repair

3.1
Any work on a tank that changes its physical dimensions or configuration.

Alteration
Annular plate

Table 4.5—Annular Bottom Plate Thicknesses (in.) (Product Specific Gravity < 1.0)

Tip: the material was not given but the information of tank dia , G<1,height and thickness were
given to calculate the stress from the equation at the below of the table

Other question asking about the minimum thickness for annular plate , no G
value was given , so I decided to go for 0.1” as per
4.4.6.1 Due to strength requirements, the minimum thickness of annular plate ring is usually greater than
0.10 in. Isolated pitting will not appreciably affect the strength of the plate. Unless a stress analysis is
performed,the annular plate thickness shall be in accordance with 4.4.6.2 or 4.4.6.3, as applicable.

Annex B
Evaluation of Tank Bottom Settlement

D=100ft , R=5 … what is the acceptable settlement for edge settlement type .
 API 571
MIC
4.3.8.5 Appearance or Morphology of Damage .
a) MIC corrosion is usually observed as:

Localized pitting under deposits or tubercles that shield the organisms.

Localized thinning under deposits or tubercles that shield the organisms.

It looks the same!! first attempt , I thought they might write the answer two times by mistake ☹ when I read
carefully again and again I found that ( thinning and Pitting ) when I compared with book the proper answer was
with pitting >>> in exam one of them was A and the second was D .

Brittle fraction
4.2.7.3 Critical Factors
a) For a material containing a flaw, brittle fracture can occur. Following are three important factors:
1) The Material fracture toughness (resistance to crack like flaws) as measured in a Charpy
Impact test;
2) The size, shape and stress concentration effect of a flaw;
3) The amount of residual and applied stresses on the flaw.

API 577.
3 Definitions
An interruption of the typical structure of a material, such as a lack of homogeneity in its mechanical,
metallurgical, or physical characteristics is:
a- Imperfection b- defect c- discontinuity d- flaw

Which one do you think .ans API 577 3.1.22 it was close book .

11.2.2 Electrode Considerations

The question was > which of these types of electrode will give a deep penetration characteristics:

It was E 6010 . this is a common CSWIP question so it was open book but I didn’t need to search for
answer .

9.9.3 Ultrasonic Examination System Calibration

Calibration system checks should be performed prior to and at the completion of an examination. In
addition, asystem check is required with any change in the search unit, cabling, and examiner. The
temperature of thecalibration standard should be within 25 °F (14 °C) of the part to be examined.

9.8.9.3 Radiographic Density

Gamma ray (2-4) density range .
 ASME V
T-277 Use of IQIs to Monitor RadiographicExamination
T-277.1 Placement of IQIs
(7) For segments of a flat or curved (i.e., ellipsoidal,
torispherical, toriconical, elliptical, etc.) component where
the source is placed perpendicular to the center of a length
of weld for a single exposure when using more than three
film holders, at least three IQIs, one placed at each end of
the radiographed span and one in the approximate center
of the span, are required.

Q: Component where the source is placed perpendicular to the center of a length

of weld for a single exposure when using more than three film holders, at least three IQIs,

T-562.1 Ultrasonic System.

Calibrations shall include the complete ultrasonic system and shall be performed
prior to use of the system in the thickness range under examination

API 575

Types and Location of Corrosion

API 575 Para 7.4.3

Areas of residual stresses from welding

or areas highly stressed from product loading are most
susceptible to caustic corrosion. Such corrosion thrives when
the temperature rises above 150¡F (65¡C) Close book ( answer =150F)

7.2.8.5 Leaks, Crack-like Flaws, and Distortion

Crack-like flaws can occur in the shell plate. Usually, close visual inspection is
sufficient when checking for crack-like flaws but for increased detection capability, liquid penetrant or magnetic
particle examination should be used.

7.4.4 Tank Bottoms

extent of scanning methods on the tank bottom .

Sample or complete area shall be test by scanning method .

7.2.9 Tank Roof Inspection .

“On a fixed roof planks long enough to span at least two roof rafters should be
laid and used as walkways, at least until the safety of the roof
is determined.

7.2.9 Tank Roof Inspection .

Flame arrestors should be opened at appropriate intervals,

and the screens or grids should …. Read Whole the paragraph

3.3 atmospheric pressure:

API Std 653 uses the generic meaning for atmospheric pressure to
describe tanks designed to withstand an internal pressure up
to, but not exceeding 21/2lbf/in.2(18 kPa) gauge.

The question look likes :

to withstand an internal pressure up to, but not exceeding :

a-atmospheric presuure
or
b-21/2lbf/in.2(18 kPa) gauge.

They were given both ,so what the is the most correct answer .

API 651

8.2.2.1 A negative (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with the cathodic protection current applied. This potential
shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper sulfate reference electrode (CSE) contacting the
electrolyte. Voltage drops other than those across the tank bottom-to-electrolyte boundary shall be considered for
valid interpretation of this voltage measurement.

11.1.2 Care should be exercised in selecting the location, number, and type of electrical measurements used to
determine the adequacy of cathodic protection. If tanks are empty, there may be large areas of the bottoms which are
not in contact with the underlying soil. Potential surveys, in this case, may give misleading information. (asking
about causes of misleading info )

API 652
7 Surface Preparation
7.1 GENERAL

A near-white metal finish (NACE No. 2/SSPC-SP10) is often

specified as the minimum degree of surface cleanliness.

6.2 THIN-FILM TANK BOTTOM LININGS

190F & crude were given and you should select either from Table 1 or 2 .

One disadvantage of thick film against thin film ,

Hope you will find it much helpful , Good luck !

NAME WITHHELD …
26-3-2015

Inshallah he passed!!!

AND THIS WAS

WITNESSED BY A
SECOND … HE NOTES!!!
API 650 figure 4.2 Isothermal Lines of Lowest One-Day Mean Temperatures (Los Angeles)

API 650 Table 4.4 Material Groups

API 650 Table 4.5 Minimum Impact Test Requirements for Plates (Transverse Value)
API 650 5.1.5.7 Shell-to-Bottom Fillet Welds (Minimum Size of Fillet Weld)

API 650 5.1.5.9 a

API 650 5.4.5 (3) drip ring shall extend at least 3”

API 650 table 5.7b (Size of fillet weld between nozzle neck and reinforcement plate) answer was 15/16

API 650 5.10.4.7 (b) corrosion and abrasion protection (nominal thickness of not less than ¼” shall be
welded to the tank bottom with 1/4” minimum fillet weld)

API 650 6.1.1.3 Attachments that will be welded to the pressure boundary shall not have zinc or
cadmium coating in the weld area within ½” of the weld.

API 650 7.3.6.5 water filling rate table.

API 650 table 7.1 minimum preheat temperatures

API 650 7.5.3 dimensional tolerance for roundness

API 650 8.1.3.2 closed book

API 650 8.1.3.4 reinforcement thickness table

API 650 8.6.3 Vacuum box is 3 psi.

API 650 8.6.11 (a) tracer gas testing is approved by Purchaser = “owner operator”

API 650 9.4 identification mark of welders at intervals not exceeding 3 ft.

API 650 Annex AL 1.3 or Annex G 1.1 maximum design temperatures of Aluminum Storage Tanks or
Structurally-supported Aluminum Dome roofs is 200 deg C (closed book)

API 650 Annex H.4.3.3.1 only austenitic stainless steel hardware used to join aluminum components

API 650 Annex M (what annex is used for requirements for tanks operating at elevated temperatures
above 200 F.)

Hot tap is not permitted in the top of the tank.

ASME IX what does R on a film mean? Repair

Purpose of PWHT: residual stresses

API 653 1.1.2 conflict rule 1, “in the case of apparent conflict b/w API 650 AND 653, 653 shall govern for
tanks placed in service.

API 653 1.1.5 When design and construction details are not given, current edition of 650 must be used.
API 653 1.2 owner operator has ultimate responsibility to comply with this standard.

API 653 1.3 Jurisdiction (conflict rule 2)

API 653 3.2.5 repair is work necessary to maintain or restore a tank to condition suitable for (safe
operation), not API 650 or 653 requirements. (closed book)

API 653 Section 4 many many questions:

4.2.1.2 roof plates (0.09” in any 100 square inch)

4.3.1.2 storage tank engineer to conduct the evaluation

4.3.1.4 methods for determining minimum shell thickness suitable for continued operation.

4.3.1.5 riveted tanks: corroded or damaged areas shall be repaired or liquid level reduced.

4.3.2 actual thickness determination (L = 3.7 * Square root(Dt 2))

4.3.2.1 c five equally spaced measurements

4.3.2.2 widely scattered pits may be ignored if:….

4.3.3.1 tmin calculations, bottom shell is generally corroded, make sure to use the (H-1) equation…

Y, specified minimum yield strength of plate is 30,000 psi if material is not known

4.3.3.2 hydrostatic test height calculation, no information was given regarding when the tank was
constructed, therefore there was no way to get E, assume E=1 !

4.4.5.7 projection of bottom plate beyond shell is 3/8”

4.4.6 minimum thickness for annular plate ring

4.5.1.2 what is calcining

4.5.2.2 was a closed book question

API 653 Section 5 Brittle Fracture Considerations many questions:

5.2.3 closed book question hydrotest to demonstrate fitness for a new more severe service.

Figure 5.2 up to what thickness is a tank operating @ 20 degrees F safe for use for unknown material

Table 6.1 Initial internal inspection interval (2 to 3 questions about this table)

6.5 alternative to internal inspection to determine bottom thickness

6.8.1 owner operator

API 653 section 9 memorize this chapter ☺

API 653 Section 12 in addition to API 650 RT requirements, what is API 653 RT requirement for a
repaired shell plate

API 653 12.5.1.2 how many required settlement measure points for 155 diameter tank, answer is 16

API 571 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking affected units

API 571 (MIC) question contained two answer with “tubercles”, the correct answer was a direct quote of
4.3.8.5 a

API 571 (Sulfuric Acid) question was for 80% sulfuric acid and 125 deg F, and answer was 50 mils per
year. There was no ranges of corrosion as shown in Figure 5-21.

API 651 what is advantage of thin lining = low cost

API 651 what is advantage of galvanic system, answer was no external power supply required.

API 651 advantage of impressed current system

API 651 8.2.2.1 cathodic potential of at least 850mV

API 651 11.3 Cathodic protection surveys

ASME V T-284 what is cause for film rejection? Answer is light image of B

Gamma ray source minimum is density is: answer is 2

T-276 IQI selection, make sure to include the reinforcement as per API 650 Para. 8.1.3.4

Densitometer is acceptable if the density readings do not vary by more than + or – 0.05 density units