CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY

CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS
Module 6

CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

 DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY
CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

MODULE: 6

LESSON 1: Rectangular Coordinate System

Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:

a.) illustrate the rectangular coordinate system and its uses; and

b.) plot points on the coordinate system.

What I know.

Identify the following parts of the Cartesian plane. Choose your answer in the right side.
1. _____________
Quadrant I

Quadrant II
2. _____________ 3. _____________
Quadrant III

4. _____________ Quadrant IV

x – axis

5. _____________ 6. _____________ y – axis

What you need to know.

Cartesian plane (named after French mathematician Rene Descartes, who formalized its use in mathematics) is defines
by two perpendicular number lines: the x – axis, which is horizontal, and the y – axis, which is the vertical. Using these
axes, we can describe any point in the plane using an ordered pair of numbers.

NOTE:
Various names are used to describe the x and y axes. The x –axis is
often called horizontal axis or abscissa. The y – axis is called the
vertical axis or axis of ordinate. The latter terminology would
require that the coordinates of the points (x,y) be referred to as
abscissa and ordinate.

(x, y)

Abscissa Ordinate

Examples:

Plot each point on a coordinate plane.

 a. ( 4, 3 ) b. ( –3, 2 )

solution: solution:

(See page 114 for more examples.)

Identifying Quadrants

To determine the quadrant for a given ordered pair, consider the signs of the coordinates:

( + , + ) means the point is in the first quadrant.

( - , + ) means the point is in the second quadrant.
( - , - ) means the point is in the third quadrant.
( + , - ) means the point is in the fourth quadrant.

Examples:

In which quadrant is each point located?

a. (7, –3) Answer:

Quadrant IV because the first coordinate is positive and the second coordinate is negative.

b. (5, 5) Answer:
Quadrant I, because both coordinates are positive.

What I have learned.

I. Plot each point on a coordinate plane.

a. (3, 4) b. (–4, –5) c. (0, 5)

II. In which quadrant is each point located?

a. (7, –3) b. (5, 5) c. (–3, –8) d. (–10, 4) e. (42, 0)

 What I can bring home.

Find the coordinates of the points P, I, N, O, Y, and S on the coordinate plane. (See page 116 for examples.)

LESSON 2: Linear Equations in Two Variables

Lesson Objective

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:

a.) illustrate linear equations in two variables;

b.) determine if an ordered pair is a solution of a given linear equation; and

c.) solve problems involving linear equations in two variables.

What you need to know.

A linear equation in two variables is an equation that can be written in the standard form

Ax + By = C

where A, B, and C are real numbers, and A and B are both nonzero.

Examples:

Determine whether or not each equation is a linear equation in two variables. If so, identify A, B, and C.

a. 5x = 10 + 3y

solution: Write the equation in standard form.

 5x = 10 + 3y
5x – 3y = 10
The equation is now written in the form Ax + By = C. Thus, A= 5, B = –3, and C = 10.
b. y = 4x + 9
solution: Write the equation in standard form.
y = 4x + 9
–4x + y = 9 or 4x – y = –9
The equation is now written in the form Ax + By = C. Thus, A = 4, B = –1, and C = –9.
c. 3x² – y = 9
solution: The exponents of the variables in a linear equation must be 1. Since the exponent of x is 2,
this is not a linear equation.

5
d. +y=8
x
solution: Not a linear equation because a variable appears in the denominator of a fraction.
e. xy = 10
solution: Not a linear equation because the two variables are part of the same term.

Solutions of a linear equation are ordered pairs that make a equation true.

Example:
Determine if the given ordered pairs are solutions of x + 3y = 8.
a. (2, 2)

solution: Substitute 2 for x and 2 for y.

x + 3y = 8
2 + 3(2) = 8
2+6=8
8 = 8 TRUE

Since 8 = 8, the pair (2,2) is a solution.

b. (-2, -2)

solution: Substitute -2 for x and- 2 for y.

x + 3y = 8
-2 + 3(-2) = 8
-2 - 6 = 8
- 8 = 8 FALSE

Since -8 ≠ 8, the pair (-2,-2) is not a solution.

Finding Solutions of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Example:

Find three solutions of 4x + y = 12.

Solution:
We find three ordered pairs that satisfy the given equation.

If x = 0, then If x = 1, then If x = 3, then

4x + y = 12 4x + y = 12 4x + y = 12
 4(0) + y = 12 4(1) + y = 12 4(3) + y = 12
0 + y = 12 4 + y = 12 12 + y = 12
y = 12 – 0 y = 12–4 y = 12 – 12
y = 12 y=8 y=0

Therefore, (0, 12) is Therefore, (1, 8) is Therefore, (3, 0) is

a solution. a solution. a solution.

Instead of listing the ordered pair solutions as (0, 12), (1, 8), and (3, 0), you can also list the solutions in a table of
values as shown below.
4x + y = 12

x y
0 12
1 8
3 0

(See more examples on page 122-123.)

What I have learned.

I. Determine whether or not each equation is a linear equation in two variables. If so, identify A, B, and C.

a. 2x = 5 + y b. 4x² - 9 = y c. y = 5x + 3

II. Determine if the given ordered pairs are solutions of x + 4y = 7.

a. (3, 1) b. (-1, 2)

What I can bring home.

Find the three solutions of 2x + y = 10. List the solutions in a table.