VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BEL A GA VI, KARNATAKA - 590018

A Report on
Internship training carried out at

REMARK SKILL EDUCATION

09/08/2021-30/09/2021
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
By
Murtaza Hassan Bhat 4SO18EC054

Under the guidance of

Ms. Shama B N
Assistant professor
Department of Electronics and communication
Engineering

ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MANGALURU 575028
2021-2022
 ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE MANGALURU 575028

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
(Accredited by NBA, New Delhi)

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the internship work is carried out at REMARK SKILL EDUCATION by Murtaza
Hassan Bhat, 4SO18EC054, a bonafide student of St Joseph engineering College, Mangaluru, in
partial fulfilment for the award of degree Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics And
Communication Engineering, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the
academic year 2021-2022. It is certified that all the correction/ suggestions indicated during the
Internal Evaluation have been incorporated in the report.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Mr. Prashant Kumar Dr. Purushothama Chippar Dr. Rio D’Souza

Assistant professor HOD Principal

Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering SJEC, Mangalore

 SJEC, Mangalore SJEC, Mangalore

External Viva Voce Examination

Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

1.

2.

ST JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE MANGALURU 575028

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

(Accredited by NBA, New Delhi)

DECLARATION

I, Murtaza Hassan Bhat, bearing USN 4SO18EC054, student of final year B.E. in
Department of Electronics And Communication Engineering, St Joseph Engineering
College, Mangaluru, hereby declare that the Internship Work titled “Web Development”
has been duly executed by me from 09 August to 30 September 2021, at REMARK SKILL
EDUCATION, Further, the “Tasks performed” section of this report represents the work
done solely by me and does not contain any statements falsely claiming work done by
others, as my own.
 Name of the Student:

Murtaza Hassan Bhat 4SO18EC054

Date: 10 dec 2021

Place: Mangaluru
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE INTERNSHIP

The internship is the intermediate step for final year students to understand how to

work in a company before they get into one of the companies. This is the report of the

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internship which was done in ‘REMARK SKILL EDUCATION’ from 09 August 2021

to 30 September 2021. In about 4 weeks of the Internship program, we learned about

HTML,PHP,CSS etc,.

Nowadays there are also some framework' s thatmuse vastly. Frameworks are

basically structured programming by using Model,View, and Controller. It is also

called as MVC. If we develop web based application that is very useful for us because

we can access it from anywhere of the world. It is very helpful for our daily life. That

is why I choose subject of my report is "WEBSITE DESIGN AND

DEVELOPMENT". Working in Bluebird Interactive added huge experiences in

my upcoming career. Solving real life problems was another key issue. This report

takes us through all the details of WEBSITE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

knowledge and experience gathered during this internship period.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGE NO

Approval i

Declaration ii

Acknowledge iii

Abstract iv

CHAPTER PAGE NO

CHAPTER 1: Introduction 4-6

• 1.1 Objectives 4

• 1.2 Goals 5

• 1.3 Motivation 5

• 1.4 Report Layout 6

CHAPTER 2: Internship Enterprise 7-8

• 2.1 About Company 7

• 2.2 Head Office 8

CHAPTER 3: INTERNSHIP ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 9-18

• 3.1 Introduction 9

• 3.2 Training Attended 9

• 3.3 Assigned Responsibilities 9

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• 3.4 Work Environment 10

• 3.5 Performed Tasks 10

• 3.6 Web page Details 11

CHAPTER 4: INTERNSHIP OUTCOMES 19-21

• 4.1 Problems and Solutions 19

• 4.1.1 Problems 19

• 4.1.2 Solutions 19

• 4.2 Learning Outcomes 20

• 4.2.1 HTML 20

• 4.2.2 CSS 20

• 4.2.3 Bootstrap 20

• 4.2.4 JavaScript 20

• 4.2.5 PHP BASIC 21

• 4.3 Challenges 21

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUTION AND FUTURE SCOPE 22-23

• 5.1 Conclusion 22

• 5.2 Future Scopes 22

REFERENCE 24

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 LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NO. DISCRIPTION PG NO.

Figure 3.6.1 Home page 11
Figure 3.6.2 Helmets page 12

Figure 3.6.3 Protective gears page 13

Figure 3.6.4 Contact Us page 14

Figure 3.6.5 About Us page 15
Figure 3.6.6 Login page 16
Figure 3.6.7 Register page 17
Figure 3.6.7 Payment page 18

CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION

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1.1 Objectives

Internship is thought on addition a few encounters from the different a few

associations which will encourage bounty to make a connection between the

hypothetical and reasonable data. It includes profitable ability like usable working

environment or pc instrumentation, taking care of a spread of things in the meantime,

sorting out or dissecting learning, spending plans or rising collaboration, composing,

and talking gifts. Usable work environment or pc instrumentation, composing, and

talking gifts. It’s indispensable to get a handle on the best approach to impart data to

outsiders, managers, and companions. While doing an undergraduate program in

computer science and engineering at Daffodil International University, I considered a

few programming courses Last 4 years. Be that as it may, this is frequently not happy

to get a handle on the web developing because of it's an extremely huge marketplace.

to encourage a sound data concerning programming which has net application style

and Development. I'm intrigued to attempt and do entry level position in BluBird

Interactive Ltd. This entry level position report covers the whole temporary job time

that I have finished with progress concerning the coding, style and improvement.

Objectives

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• Understand basic concept and structure of HTML, CSS, Bootstrap

Framework, PHP, Java, creating Database & connecting with WordPress

• To get awareness about the various job opportunities.

• To perceive communicational skills and organizational dynamics.

• To get educated about the official habitat.

• Opportunities for technical skill.

• Improve communication skill.

• Knowing all type of official knowledge.

1.2 Goals

• Knowing practical knowledge about programming.

• Gain knowledge about HTML, CSS, Bootstrap Framework, PHP,

Java etc.

• Increase communication skill with other.

• Gain essential background knowledge.

• Works well with others.

• Develop research skills.

• Improve administrative skill.

• Increase the capability for solving the problems.

• Knowledge of professional journals and newsletters.

• Knowledge of key professional.

• Improve professional ethics and values.

• Improve technical skill.

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1.2 Motivation

For internship to induce the sensible expertise within the field of technology and

Engineering. It's extraordinarily vital that knowing about hypothetical information and

actualize inside the reasonable field to broaden our gifted ability in building work

advertise. The motivation of this internship actually came from the intention of

learning more about the job sectors and the work environment of IT farms. A desktop

base system of creating websites is easy to learn. Before joining the internship, i knew

that I am in a primary stage and beginner level in learning web development, my first

task is to learn and create and be creative. The learning curve of a web development is

such interesting and charming. It is very simple to build a project fully by HTML,

CSS, MYSQL and PHP when you know what you are doing.

RAMEEZ CHUTIYA

2.CHAPTER TWO: TASKS PERFORMED

WEEK 1: BASIC CONCEPTS OF PLC

We were supervised by Mr. Himanshu Kumar, who is the Director of INDWELL
Automation. In week one we went through the basic concepts of PLC.

2.1 CONCEPTS LEARNT:

1.Introducion to PLC
2.PLC architecture
3.History of PLCs
4.Features of PLCs
5.Difference between Microcontroller and PLC

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2.1.1 Introduction:
A programmable logic controller, PLC is a digital computer used for automation of
typically industrial electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on
factory assembly lines, etc. It is a solid-state user-programmable control system with
functions to control logic, sequencing, timing, arithmetic data manipulation, and
counting capabilities. It can be viewed as an industrial computer that has a central
processor unit, memory,input-output interface, and a programming device. The central
processing unit provides the intelligence of the controller. It accepts data, status
information from various sensing devices like limit switches, proximity switches,
executes the user control program stored in the memory and gives appropriate output
commands to devices such as solenoid valves, switches, etc.

The constant demand for better and more efficient manufacturing and process
machinery has led to the requirement for higher quality and reliability in control
techniques. With the availability of intelligent, compact solid-state electronic devices,
it has been possible to provide control systems that can reduce maintenance, downtime
and improve productivity to a great extend. One of the latest techniques in solid-state
controls that offers flexible and efficient operation to the user is programmable
controllers.

2.1.2 PLC Architecture :

 Hardware
The main components of a PLC consist of a central processing unit (CPU),
power supply, programming device, and input and output (I/O) modules.

 CPU
The CPU is the brain of the PLC and carries out programmed operations. These
operations or outputs are executed based on signals and data provided from
connected inputs.
 I/O Modules

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 PLC input modules connect various external devices, such as sensors, switches,
and push buttons to the PLC to read various digital and analog parameters,
such as temperature, pressure, flow, speed, etc. Output modules convert signals
from the CPU into digital or analog values to control output devices.
 Power Supply
The power supply provides power to the PLC by converting the available
incoming AC power to the DC power required by the CPU and I/O modules to
operate properly.
 Software
The PLC manufacturer typically determines PLC development software. Allen
Bradley, Siemens, and GE each have their own software development platforms
for programming their PLC models. Once the platform is determined, the actual
programming of the PLC logic can be done in a few different methods. The most
common methods of PLC programming include Ladder Logic, Function Block,
and structured text

Fig 2.1: Block Diagram of PLC architecture

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2.1.3 History of PLCs

1. The first PLCs were designed and developed by Modicon as a relay replacer for
GM and Landis.

2. The primary reason for designing such a device was eliminating the large cost
involved in replacing the complicated relay-based machine control systems for major
U.S. car manufacturers.

3. These controllers eliminated the need for rewriting and adding additional hardware
for every new configuration of logic.

4. The first PLC, model 084, was invented by Dick Morley in 1969.

5. The first commercial successful PLC, the 184, was introduced in 1973 and was
designed by Michel Greenberg.

2.1.4 Features of PLC’s

1. PLC is an industrial computer control system that continuously monitors the state of
input devices and makes decisions based upon a custom program to control the state of
output devices.

2. It is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements, extended temperature

ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact.

3. Almost any production process can be greatly enhanced using this type of control
system, the biggest benefit in using a PLC is the ability to change and replicate the
operation or process while collecting and communicating vital information.

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4. It is modular i.e. one can mix and match the types of input and output devices to best
suit one’s applications

2.1.5 Difference between Microcontroller and PLC:

Microcontroller PLC

Programming languages: It has 6 programming languages.User can

Its programming language is based on C select any language as per comfort.Ladder
language. diagram is the easiest language.

It is not that easy language to be learned by It can be understood very easily by

all. maximum learners.Ladder diagram is
preffered by industries because
troubleshooting is very easy in it.
Downloading/Uploading time: It takes fraction of seconds or a few
It takes more time to send program to seconds to send program to controller.
controller.
Program receive option: Existing program of PLC can be received
It has no program receive option. If you easily even in running condition of
don’t have program backup file then you machine. If the program backup file is lost
cannot recover program from controller. We from the computer then we can receive
have to rewrite the logic again. Without program from PLC.
receiving existing program of controller,
troubleshooting is very difficult as we won’t
be able to understand the machine operation
logic.
Monitor/online mode: It has very good monitor mode in its
Its software has no good monitor mode to software which helps a lot in
check running status of a machine. Its troubleshooting of the machine.
monitor mode is not that much helpful in
troubleshooting machine.

Online edit: Now it has option to rewrite modified

It has no option to rewrite the program ladder without stopping machine using

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when the machine is running and to avoid online edit feature of software.
loss.
Handling:
It is manufactured to work in extreme
It is not that much robust. It has less I/Os
conditions in industry. It has large number
and register available. It has not that much
of I/Os and register handling capacity.
life compared to PLC.
Usages: It is used to control small to big machines
Generally it is used for small applications in industries with a large number of logic
or mostly in home appliances where it is sequence.
replaced with new one when out of order.

WEEK 2: AUTOMATION
2.2 CONCEPTS LEARNT:
1.Introduction to Automation
2. Automation impacts
3. Advantages of Automation
4. Disadvantages of Automation

2.2.1 Introduction to Automation:

Automation is the use of control systems such as computers to control industrial
machinery and process, reducing the need for human intervention. In the scope of
industrialization, automation is a step beyond mechanization. Whereas mechanization

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provided human operators with machinery to assist them with the physical
requirements of work, automation greatly reduces the need for human sensory and
mental requirements as well. Processes and systems can also be automated.

2.2.2 Automation impacts:

1. It increases productivity and reduces cost.

2. It emphasizes the flexibility and convertibility of the manufacturing process. Hence

gives manufacturers the ability to easily switch from manufacturing Product A to
manufacturing Product B without completely rebuilding the existing system or product
lines.

3..Automation is now often applied primarily to increase quality in the manufacturing

process, where automation can increase quality substantially.

4..Increase the consistency of output.

5..Replacing humans in tasks done in dangerous environments.

2.2.3 Advantages of Automation

1. Replacing human operators in tasks that involve hard physical monotonous work.
Also, tasks are done in dangerous environments.

2. Performing tasks that are beyond human capabilities of size, weight, speed,
endurance, etc.

3. Economy improvement: Automation may improve in the economy of enterprises,

society, or most of humanity.

2.2.4 Disadvantages of Automation

1. Technology limits: Current technology is unable to automate all the desired tasks.

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 2. Unpredictable development costs: The research and development cost of
automating a process may exceed the cost saved by the automation itself.

3. High initial cost: The automation of a new product or plant requires a huge initial
investment in comparison with the unit cost of the product.

WEEK 3: Designing of ladder logic programmes on PLC

2.3 CONCEPTS LEARNT:

1. Introduction to Ladder Logic

2. Examine if closed

3. Output energize

4. Examine if Open

5. Basic Timers and Counters

2.3.1 Introduction to Ladder Logic

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 Ladder logic is the most common programming language used to program a PLC.
Ladder logic was one of the first programming approaches used in PLCs because it
borrowed heavily from the relay diagrams that plant electricians already knew.

A program in ladder logic, also called ladder diagram, is similar to a schematic for
a set of relay circuits. Ladder logic is widely used to program PLCs, where sequential
control of a process or manufacturing operation is required. Ladder logic is useful for
simple but critical control systems, or for reworking old hardwired relay circuits. As
programmable logic controllers became more sophisticated it has also been used in
very complex automation systems. A simplified ladder logic circuit with one input and
one output.

Figure 2.3.1: Basic Ladder Logic programs

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 Fig 2.3.2 Simplified logic circuit

Fig 2.3.3 Basic program to show input and output

1. If Input 1 is ON (or true) - Power (logic) completes the circuit from the left rail
to the right rail - and Output 1 turns ON (or true).

2. If Input 1 is OFF (or false) - Then the circuit is not completed and logic does
not flow to the right - and Output 1 is OFF (or false).

2.3.2 Examine if closed

Fig 2.3.4 Examine if Closed

This can be used to represent any input to control logic such as a switch or sensor,
contact from an output, or an internal output. When solved the referenced input is

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examined for a true condition. If it is true, the contact will close and allow logic to
flow from left to right. If the status is FALSE, the contact is open and logic will NOT
flow from left to right..
2.3.3 Output energize
This can be used to represent any discrete output from the control logic.When
“solved”if the logic to the left of the coil is TRUE,the referenced output is TRUE.

Fig 2.3.5 Output energize

2.3.4 Examine if Open

When solved the referenced input is examined for an OFF condition.If the status is
OFF power will flow from left to right.If the status is ON,power will not flow.

Fig 2.3.6 Examine if Open

2.3.5 Basic Timers and Counters

A timer is simply a control block that takes an input and changes an output based on
time. It is used in providing delay. There are 2 basic types of Timers. An On-Delay
Timer takes an input, waits a specific amount of time, allows logic to flow after the
delay. An Off-Delay Timer allows logic to flow to output and keeps that output true
until the set amount of time has passed, then returns it false, hence Off-Delay.
A Counter simply counts the number of events that occur on an input. There are 2
basic types of counters called up counters and down counters. As its name implies,
whenever a triggering event occurs, the up-counter increments the counter, while a
down counter decrements the counter whenever a triggering event occurs.

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 WEEK 4: Analysing and study of SCADA systems
2.4CONCEPTS LEARNT:
1.Introduction
2.Functions of SCADA system
2.4.1 Introduction
SCADA stands for “Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition”. SCADA is a type of
process control system architecture that uses computers, networked data
communications and graphical Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) to enable a high-
level process supervisory management and control.
SCADA systems communicate with other devices such as programmable logic
controllers (PLCs) and PID controllers to interact with industrial process plant and
equipment.
SCADA systems form a large part of control systems engineering. SCADA systems
gather pieces of information and data from a process that is analysed in real-time (the
“DA” in SCADA). It records and logs the data, as well as representing the collected
data on various HMIs.

Fig 2.4.1: Simplified block diagram of SCADA

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SCADA systems can be run virtually, which allows the operator to keep a track of the
entire process from his place or control room. Time can be saved by using SCADA
efficiently. One such excellent example is, SCADA systems are used extensively in
the Oil and Gas sector. Large pipelines will be used to transfer oil and chemicals inside
the manufacturing unit.Hence, safety plays a crucial role, such that there should not be
any leakage along the pipeline. In case, if some leakage occurs, a SCADA system is
used to identify the leakage. It infers the information, transmits it to the system,
displays the information on the computer screen and also gives an alert to the operator.

Fig 2.4.2 SCADA Architecture

2.4.2 Functions of SCADA Systems:

In a nutshell, we can tell the SCADA system is a collection of hardware and software
components that allows the manufacturing units to perform specific functions. Some of
the important functions include

 To monitor and gather data in real-time

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  To interact with field devices and control stations via Human Machine
Interface (HMI)
 To record systems events into a log file
 To control manufacturing process virtually
 Information Storage and Reports

CHAPTER THREE: REFLECTIONS

In the tough times of covid, our college informed us about this online internship and
also gave us a summary about this internship so it developed the interest in us and we
applied to the internship. This internship displayed us a clear picture of the industry
PLC play important role in the industries, so having clarity about programming is a
must. We had taken up an internship in indwell automation so that we gain some basic
knowledge for the future. If we get a job in a company as a PLC programmer. In this
way, this internship will influence our future career plans. An internship is a learning
experience of its kind, the importance it has got over the years in building one’s career
is not exaggerated.
Here are a few points:
1. Teamwork: The first thing I need to mention is teamwork your internship
experience is unlike our college project where one person did all the work & the
grades were shared among the rest. Here, it is more professional & each one in a team
needs to work together to finish the given task. In an internship, we learn to work as a
team without focusing entirely on ourselves.
2. . Problem-solving skill: What real-life problem have you solved till now other than
to decide what to wear the next day & how to dodge the upcoming assignment
deadline? A 14 internship introduces you to real-life work problems & hence develops
your problem-solving skill.
3. Time management: Completion of the work within time was the key challenge in
the internship course but everything was done in time due to time management skills
that were some key learning from this internship that I will carry along.

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 CHAPTER FOUR:CONCLUSION
Most people simply use the hardware to produce the results they desire. This
internship has given us a deeper insight into the inner workings of programmable
logic and its role in mechanical operations. The idea of programmable logic
controllers is very simple to understand, but it is the complex programs that run in the
ladder diagrams that make them difficult for the common user to fully understand.
PLC is well-adapted to a range of automation tasks. This report has also discussed the
role that programmable logic controllers have in the efficient design and control of the
mechanical process. The desired PLC is useful in areas like special purpose machines
lab instruments, process control, and motion/position control systems. The powerful
instruction set enables the user to program the PC in many different configurations
and control methods to suit various applications.

SCADA is used for constructive working, using a SCADA system for control ensures
a common framework not only for the development of the specific applications but
also for operating the detectors. Operators experience the same ”look and feel”
whatever part of the experiment they control. However, this aspect also depends to a
significant extent on proper engineering.

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 CHAPTER FIVE:REFRENCES

 INDWELL AUTOMATION

https://www.sulekha.com/indwell-automation-vamanjoor-

  Tubbs, Stephen Phillip. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Tutorial,

Siemens Simatic S7-1200. Publicis MCD Werbeagentur GmbH; 3rd ed., 2018.
  "PLC Programming Basics Part I". Control Systems & Automation. 2019-07-
23. Retrieved 2020-02-23.
  Kenney, Muirae (2020-11-24). "The Basics of Ladder Logic". Automation
Industrial. Retrieved 2020-11-24

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