Date Format I am using here is UK based.

So some of the date values might show as

text in your computer. Better to use this workbook at the environment of UK based
region system.

Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
IS FUNCTIONS CONDITIONAL MATHEMATICAL FIND & SEARCH LOOKUP REFERENCE DATE & TIME MISC. RANK
ISBLANK AVERAGEIF SUM FIND MATCH ADDRESS DATE AREAS RANK
ISERR SUMIF AVERAGE SEARCH LOOKUP CHOOSE DATEVALUE CHAR RANK.AVG
ISERROR COUNTIF AVERAGEA SUBSTITUTE HLOOKUP INDEX TIME CODE RANK.EQ
ISEVEN AVERAGEIFS COUNT REPLACE VLOOKUP INDIRECT TIMEVALUE CLEAN
ISODD SUMIFS COUNTA OFFSET NOW TRIM
ISFORMULA COUNTIFS MEDIAN TODAY LEN
ISLOGICAL IF SUMPRODUCT YEAR COLUMN
ISNA IFERROR SUMSQ MONTH ROW
ISNUMBER IFNA COUNTBLANK DAY EXACT
ISREF EVEN HOUR FORMULATEXT
ISTEXT ODD MINUTE LEFT
ISNONTEXT INT SECOND RIGHT
LARGE WEEKDAY MID
SMALL DAYS LOWER
MAX NETWORKDAYS PROPER
MAXA WORKDAY UPPER
MIN REPT
MINA SHEET
MOD SHEETS
RAND TRANSPOSE
RANDBETWEEN TYPE
SQRT VALUE
SUBTOTAL

Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
LOGICAL
AND
NOT
OR
XOR
ISBLANK(value)
If a cell is blank, it returns TRUE.
If a cell is not blank, it returns FALSE.

Values Formulas Result

Orange =ISBLANK(B7) 0
1 =ISBLANK(B8) 0
0 =ISBLANK(B9) 0
=ISBLANK(B10) 1
=ISBLANK(B11) 0
King Cobra =ISBLANK(B12) 0

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ISERR(value)
Checks whether a value is an error (#VALUE!, #REF!, #DIV/0!, #NUM!, #NAME?, or #NULL!) excluding #N/A, and returns TRUE or F

Values Formulas Result

#VALUE! =ISERR(B20) 1
#REF! =ISERR(B21) 1
#DIV/0! =ISERR(B22) 1
#NUM! =ISERR(B23) 1
#NAME? =ISERR(B24) 1
#NULL! =ISERR(B25) 1
#N/A =ISERR(B26) 0
Apple =ISERR(B27) 0

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ISERROR(value)
Checks whether a value is an error (#N/A, #VALUE!, #REF!, #DIV/0!, #NUM!, #NAME?, or #NULL!), and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

#VALUE! =ISERROR(B35) 1
#REF! =ISERROR(B36) 1
#DIV/0! =ISERROR(B37) 1
#NUM! =ISERROR(B38) 1
#NAME? =ISERROR(B39) 1
#NULL! =ISERROR(B40) 1
#N/A =ISERROR(B41) 1
Apple =ISERROR(B42) 0

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ISEVEN(value)
Retursn TRUE if the number is even

Values Formulas Result

5 =ISEVEN(B50) 0
 10 =ISEVEN(B51) 1
81/9 =ISEVEN(B52) Err:504
Excel 2013 =ISEVEN(B53) Err:504

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ISODD(value)
Retursn TRUE if the number is odd

Values Formulas Result

5 =ISODD(B61) 1
10 =ISODD(B62) 0
81/9 =ISODD(B63) Err:504
Excel 2013 =ISODD(B64) Err:504

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ISFORMULA(value)
Checks whether a reference is to a cell containing a formula, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

12/15/2021 =ISFORMULA(B72) 1
10/31/2015 =ISFORMULA(B73) 0
12/15/2021 0:28 =ISFORMULA(B74) 1
Kawser Ahmed =ISFORMULA(B75) 0
Marissa Kawser =ISFORMULA(B76) 0

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ISLOGICAL(value)
Checks whether a values is a logical value (TRUE or FALSE), and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

12/31/1899 =ISLOGICAL(B84) 0
12/30/1899 =ISLOGICAL(B85) 0
"TRUE" =ISLOGICAL(B86) 0
1 1

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ISNA(value)
Checks whether a value is #N/A, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

#VALUE! =ISNA(B95) 0
#REF! =ISNA(B96) 0
#NAME? =ISNA(B97) 0
#N/A =ISNA(B98) 1

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ISNUMBER(value)
Checks whether a value is a number, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

Text =ISNUMBER(B106) 0
15 =ISNUMBER(B107) 1
#VALUE! =ISNUMBER(B108) 0
89 =ISNUMBER(B109) 1
12/15/2021 =ISNUMBER(B110) 1

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ISREF(value)
Checks whether a value is a reference, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

=ISREF(B1) 1
=ISREF(B1: B10) 1
=ISREF(B1: D4 C1: C5) 1
=ISREF('B1') 0
=ISREF( INDIRECT( "B1" ) ) 1

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ISTEXT(value)
Checks whether a value is text, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

Excel 2013 =ISTEXT(B130) 1
21 Wise Men =ISTEXT(B131) 1
#VALUE! =ISTEXT(B132) 0
45 =ISTEXT(B133) 0

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ISNONTEXT(value)
Checks whether a value is not text (blank cells are not text), and returns TRUE or FALSE

Values Formulas Result

12/31/1899 =ISNONTEXT(B141) 1
Peter =ISNONTEXT(B142) 0
2/23/1900 0:00 =ISNONTEXT(B143) 1
#VALUE! =ISNONTEXT(B144) 1

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 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com

Remarks
Cell B7 is not blank, so returns FALSE
Cell B8 is not blank, so returns FALSE
Cell B9 is not blank, so returns FALSE
Cell B10 is blank, so returns TRUE
Cell B11 is not blank, it has a space character in it; so returns FALSE
Cell B12 is not blank, so it returns FALSE

?, or #NULL!) excluding #N/A, and returns TRUE or FALSE

Remarks
Cell B19 has #VALUE! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B20 has #REF! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B21 has #DIV/0!! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B22 has #NUM! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B23 has #NAME? type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B24 has #NULL! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B19 has #N/A type error, so the formula returns FALSE
Cell 25 has a text, so the formula returns FALSE

#NAME?, or #NULL!), and returns TRUE or FALSE

Remarks
Cell B33 has #VALUE! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B34 has #REF! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B35 has #DIV/0!! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B36 has #NUM! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B37 has #NAME? type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B38 has #NULL! type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell B39 has #N/A type error, so the formula returns TRUE
Cell 40 has a text, so the formula returns FALSE

Remarks
The number is not even, so the formula returns FALSE.
The number is even, so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell has a text value, so the formula returns the #VALUE! type error.
The cell has a text value, so the formula returns the #VALUE! type error.

Remarks
The number is odd, so the formula returns FALSE.
The number is not odd, so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell has a text value, so the formula returns the #VALUE! type error.
The cell has a text value, so the formula returns the #VALUE! type error.

Remarks
The cell B72 holds formula =TODAY(), so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell B73 holds a date value, so the formula returns FALSE.
The cell B74 holds =NOW() formula, so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell B75 holds a text, so the formula returns FALSE.
The cell B76 holds a text, so the formula returns FALSE.

Remarks
The cell B84 holds logical value TRUE, so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell B85 holds logical value FALSE, so the formula returns TRUE.
The cell B86 holds a text value, so the formula returns FALSE.
B1=B2 will return either TRUE or FALSE, so the formula will return TRUE.

Remarks
Cell B95 holds #VALUE! type error, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B96 holds #REF! type error, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B97 holds #NAME? type error, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B98 holds #N/A type error, so the formula returns TRUE.
Remarks
Cell B106 holds a text value, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B107 holds value 15, so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B108 holds #VALUE! type error, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B109 holds value 89 (though it is formatted as a text value), so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B110 holds a date value and a date is a number in Excel system, so the formula returns TRUE.

Remarks
B1 is a cell reference, so the formula returns TRUE.
B1: B10 is range reference, so the formula returns TRUE.
B1: D4 C1: C5 results in an intersection, so the formula returns TRUE.
As 'B1' is not a cell reference.
As INDIRECT() function returns a reference specified by the text string you use as the argument.

Remarks
Cell B130 holds a text value, so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B131 holds a text value, so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B132 holds an error value, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B133 holds a number value, so the formula returns FALSE.

Remarks
Cell B141 holds a non-text value, so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B142 holds a text value, so the formula returns FALSE.
Cell B143 holds a non-text value, so the formula returns TRUE.
Cell B144 holds a non-text value, so the formula returns TRUE.
=AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, [average_range])
Finds average (arithmetic mean) for the cells specified by a given condition or criteria

Region Sales
East 500
West 50
North 100
South 25
Mid West 200
South New Office 30
East 35
West 50
South 15
North 25
North New Office 40  Cells in range that contain TRUE or FALSE are ignored.
5 50  If a cell in average_range is an empty cell, AVERAGEIF ignores it.
5 100  If range is a blank or text value, AVERAGEIF returns the #DIV0! erro
2 200  If a cell in criteria is empty, AVERAGEIF treats it as a 0 value.
4 35  If no cells in the range meet the criteria, AVERAGEIF returns the #D
 You can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk
2 45 characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, typ
4 50  Average_range does not have to be the same size and shape as ra
1 90 beginning cell, and then including cells that correspond in size and sh
0 100
1 125
1 115
0 55

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=SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range])

Adds the cells specified by a given condition or criteria

Region Sales
East 500
West 50
North 100
South 25
Mid West 200
South New Office 30
East 35
West 50
South 15
North 25
North New Office 40  The SUMIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to ma
5 50
5 100  The sum_range argument does not have to be the same size and sh
in the sum_range argument as the beginning cell, and then including
  The SUMIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to ma

 The sum_range argument does not have to be the same size and sh

in the sum_range argument as the beginning cell, and then including
2 200
4 35
2 45
4 50
1 90
0 100
1 125
1 115
0 55

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COUNTIF(range, criteria)
Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given condition

Region Sales
East 500
West 50
North 100

South 25
Mid West 200

South New Office 30

East 35
West 50
South 15
North 25
North New Office 40  The COUNTIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to
5 50
5 100  Be sure to enclose the criteria argument in quotes.
2 200
4 35
2 45
4 50
1 90
0 100
1 125
1 115
0 55

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AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2,

Finds average (arithmetic mean) for the cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria
Product Sales Person Quantity Sold
Apple Tom 10

Orange Jon 4
Apple Marissa 12
Carrot Kawser 5
Banana Khan 13
Apple Tom 15
Banana Jon 14  If average_range is a blank or text value, AVERAGEIFS returns the #
Carrot Kawser 12  If a cell in a criteria range is empty, AVERAGEIFS treats it as a 0 valu
 Cells in range that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; cells in range that co
Orange Jon 8
neglected.
Carrot Marissa 9  Each cell in average_range is used in the average calculation only if
Apple Tom 15  Unlike the range and criteria arguments in the AVERAGEIF function
Banana Jon 20  If cells in average_range cannot be translated into numbers, AVERA
Carrot Marissa 25  If there are no cells that meet all the criteria, AVERAGEIFS returns t
 You can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk
characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, typ
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SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2

Adds the cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria

Product Sales Person Quantity Sold

Apple Tom 10

Orange Jon 4
Apple Marissa 12
Carrot Kawser 5
Banana Khan 13
Apple Tom 15
Banana Jon 14
Carrot Kawser 12
Orange Jon 8
Carrot Marissa 9
Apple Tom 15
Banana Jon 20
Carrot Marissa 25

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COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], [criteri

Counts the number of cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria
Product Sales Person Quantity Sold

Apple Tom 10

Orange Jon 4

Apple Marissa 12
Carrot Kawser 5
Banana Khan 13
Apple Tom 15
Banana Jon 14  Each range's criteria is applied one cell at a time. If all of the first ce
criteria, the count increases by 1 again, and so on until all of the cells
Carrot Kawser 12
 If the criteria argument is a reference to an empty cell, the COUNT
Orange Jon 8
 You can use the wildcard characters— the question mark (?) and as
Carrot Marissa 9 of characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk,
Apple Tom 15
Banana Jon 20
Carrot Marissa 25

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IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false]

Checks whether a condition is met, and returns one value if TRUE, and another value is FALSE

Actual Expense Predicted Expense

1500 2000

500 900
525 925

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IFERROR(value, value_if_error)
Returns value_if_error if expression is an error and the value of the expression itself otherwise

Quota Units Sold

210 35

55 0

25

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IFNA(value, value_if_na)
Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression

Post Box Code

Rampura 1219
Gulshan 1217
Dhamrai 1203
Motijheel 1200
 If Value or Value_if_na is an empty cell, IFNA treats it as an empty s
Khilgaon 1000  If Value is an array formula, IFNA returns an array of results for each
 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
teria, [average_range])
specified by a given condition or criteria

Formula Result
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, "East", C6:C27) 267.5
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, "North", C6:C27) 62.5
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, "North*", C6:C27) 55
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, "*New Office", C6:C27) 35
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, ">=4", C6:C27) 58.75
=AVERAGEIF(C6:C27,">100") 228
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, 1, C6:C27) 110
=AVERAGEIF(B6:B27, 0, C6:C27) 77.5

Warnings
 Cells in range that contain TRUE or FALSE are ignored.
 If a cell in average_range is an empty cell, AVERAGEIF ignores it.
 If range is a blank or text value, AVERAGEIF returns the #DIV0! error value.
 If a cell in criteria is empty, AVERAGEIF treats it as a 0 value.
 If no cells in the range meet the criteria, AVERAGEIF returns the #DIV/0! error value.
 You can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk (*), in criteria. A question mark matches any single cha
characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.
 Average_range does not have to be the same size and shape as range. The actual cells that are averaged are determined b
beginning cell, and then including cells that correspond in size and shape to range.

[sum_range])

Formula Result
=SUMIF(B36:B57, "East", C36:C57) 535
=SUMIF(B36:B57, "North", C36:C57) 125
=SUMIF(B36:B57, "North*", C36:C57) 165
=SUMIF(B36:B57, "*New Office", C36:C57) 70
=SUMIF(B36:B57, ">=4", C36:C57) 235
=SUMIF(B36:B57, 5, C36:C57) 150
=SUMIF(B36:B57, 1, C36:C57) 330
=SUMIF(B36:B57, 0, C36:C57) 155

Warnings
 The SUMIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to match strings longer than 255 characters or to the string #

 The sum_range argument does not have to be the same size and shape as the range argument. The actual cells that are ad
in the sum_range argument as the beginning cell, and then including cells that correspond in size and shape to the range arg
 Warnings
 The SUMIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to match strings longer than 255 characters or to the string #

 The sum_range argument does not have to be the same size and shape as the range argument. The actual cells that are ad
in the sum_range argument as the beginning cell, and then including cells that correspond in size and shape to the range arg

at meet the given condition

Formula Result
=COUNTIF(B66:B87, "East") 2
=COUNTIF(B66:B87, "North") 2
=COUNTIF(C66:C87,">=100") 8

=COUNTIF(C66:C87, "<="&C68) 17
=COUNTIF(B66:B87, "No*") 3

=COUNTIF(B66:B87, "Ea??") 2

Warnings
 The COUNTIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to match strings longer than 255 characters.

 Be sure to enclose the criteria argument in quotes.

ange, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], [criteria_range3, crite

specified by a given set of conditions or criteria
 Formula Result
=AVERAGEIFS(D96:D108, B96:B108, "Apple", C96:C108, "Tom") 13.3333333333333

=AVERAGEIFS(D96:D108, B96:B108, "Banana", C96:C108, "Marissa") #DIV/0!

=AVERAGEIFS(D96:D108, B96:B108, "Carrot", C96:C108, "Marissa") 17

Warnings
 If average_range is a blank or text value, AVERAGEIFS returns the #DIV0! error value.
 If a cell in a criteria range is empty, AVERAGEIFS treats it as a 0 value.
 Cells in range that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; cells in range that contain FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero). *Remember in AVERAG
neglected.
 Each cell in average_range is used in the average calculation only if all of the corresponding criteria specified are true for th
 Unlike the range and criteria arguments in the AVERAGEIF function, in AVERAGEIFS each criteria_range must be the same s
 If cells in average_range cannot be translated into numbers, AVERAGEIFS returns the #DIV0! error value.
 If there are no cells that meet all the criteria, AVERAGEIFS returns the #DIV/0! error value.
 You can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk (*), in criteria. A question mark matches any single cha
characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.

eria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], [criteria_range3, criteria3], …)

itions or criteria

Formula Result
=SUMIFS(D119:D131, B119:B131, "Apple", C119:C131, "Tom") 40

=SUMIFS(D119:D131, B119:B131, "Banana", C119:C131, "Marissa") 0

=SUMIFS(D119:D131, B119:B131, "Carrot", C119:C131, "Marissa") 34

ge1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], [criteria_range3, criteria3], …)

en set of conditions or criteria
 Formula Result

=COUNTIFS(D142:D154, ">=10", D142:D154, "<=25") 9

=COUNTIFS(B142:B154, "Apple", C142:C154, "Tom") 3

=COUNTIFS(D142:D154, ">="&D142, C142:C154, "Marissa") 2

Warnings
 Each range's criteria is applied one cell at a time. If all of the first cells meet their associated criteria, the count increases by
criteria, the count increases by 1 again, and so on until all of the cells are evaluated.
 If the criteria argument is a reference to an empty cell, the COUNTIFS function treats the empty cell as a 0 value.
 You can use the wildcard characters— the question mark (?) and asterisk (*) — in criteria. A question mark matches any sin
of characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.

_true], [value_if_false]
ns one value if TRUE, and another value is FALSE

Formula Result
=IF(B163>C163, "Over Budget", "OK") OK

=IF(B164>C164,"Over Budget",IF(B165<C165,"Budget OK","Not OK")) Budget OK

f_error)
or and the value of the expression itself otherwise

Formula Result
=IFERROR(B173/C173, "Error in Calculations?") 6

=IFERROR(B174/C174, "Error in Calculations?") Error in Calculations?

=IFERROR(B175/C175, "Error in Calculations?") 0

n resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression

Formula Result

=IFNA(VLOOKUP(",MADDA", B184:C188, 2,0),"NA") NA

Warnings
 If Value or Value_if_na is an empty cell, IFNA treats it as an empty string value ("").
 If Value is an array formula, IFNA returns an array of results for each cell in the range specified in value.
 Remarks
Average of all the Sales for East region.
Average of all the Sales for North region.
Average of all the Sales for North region (including North (New Office) region).
Average of all the Sales for the New Offices.
Average of all the Sales for the values greater than or equal to 4.
Average of all the Sales for the values equal to 5.
Average of all the Sales for the values equal to TRUE statement.
Average of all the Sales for the values equal to FALSE statement.

rnings

question mark matches any single character; an asterisk matches any sequence of
e the character.
ls that are averaged are determined by using the top, left cell in average_range as the

Remarks
Sum of all the Sales for East region.
Sum of all the Sales for North region.
Sum of all the Sales for North region (including North (New Office) region).
Sum of all the Sales for the New Offices.
Sum of all the Sales for the values greater than or equal to 4.
Sum of all the Sales for the values equal to 5.
Sum of all the Sales for the values equal to TRUE statement.
Sum of all the Sales for the values equal to FALSE statement.

rnings
than 255 characters or to the string #VALUE!.

argument. The actual cells that are added are determined by using the upper leftmost cell
nd in size and shape to the range argument.
rnings
than 255 characters or to the string #VALUE!.

argument. The actual cells that are added are determined by using the upper leftmost cell
nd in size and shape to the range argument.

Remarks
Count the number of cells with East in cells B66 through B87.
Count the number of cells with North in cells B66 through B87.
Count the number of cells with values greater than and equal to 100.

Count the number of cells with values less than and equal to the value of cell C68.
Count the number of cells with values that start with "No" characters.
Count the number of cells with values that start with "Ea" characters and then have
any two characters.

rnings
er than 255 characters.

[criteria_range3, criteria3], …)
 Remarks
Average Quantity Sold of Apple product by Sales Person Tom.
Average Quantity Sold of Banana product by Sales Person Marissa. Marissa didn't sell
Banana. So #DIV/0! error is showing in the cell.
Average Quantity Sold of Carrot product by Sales Person Marissa.

rnings

ate as 0 (zero). *Remember in AVERAGEIF() function TRUE or FALSE statements were

nding criteria specified are true for that cell.

ach criteria_range must be the same size and shape as sum_range.
#DIV0! error value.
alue.
uestion mark matches any single character; an asterisk matches any sequence of
e the character.

_range3, criteria3], …)

Remarks
Sums the Quantity Sold of Apple product by Sales Person Tom.
Sums the Quantity Sold of Banana product by Sales Person Marissa. Marissa didn't sell
Banana. So #DIV/0! error is showing in the cell.
Sums the Quantity Sold of Carrot product by Sales Person Marissa.

criteria3], …)
 Remarks
Count the number of cells in the range D142: D154 that have values greater than or
equal to 10, and less than or equal to 25.
Count the number of rows from the ranges B142: B154 and C142: C154 that have
Apple and Tom values in them respectively.

Count the number of rows from the ranges D142: D154 and C142: C154 that have a
value greater than or equal to cell D142 and a value Marissa respectively.

rnings
ciated criteria, the count increases by 1. If all of the second cells meet their associated

the empty cell as a 0 value.

eria. A question mark matches any single character, and an asterisk matches any sequence
ore the character.

Remarks
Simple IF formula.

Nested IF Formula. At first calculate the return value of the deepest IF function.
Deepest IF function means that IF function that does not have no more function
inside it.

Remarks
Returns 6 as the value argument does not return any error.

Returns the value_if_error argument as the value argument returns an error.

Though the cell B175 has nothing in it, but Excel treats nothing as Zero value, so the
formula returns 0.
 Remarks
VLOOKUP function returns #N/A error when it does not find value. When #N/A is
returned, IFNA function returns the value of the value_if_na expression.

rnings
pecified in value.
SUM(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4], …)
Adds all the numbers in a range of cells

Values

-5

15
30
5
1
 If an argument is a cell range or reference, only numeric value
0

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AVERAGE(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4], …)

Returns the average (arithmetic means) of its arguments, which can be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers

Values

-5

15
30
5
1  Arguments can either be numbers or names, ranges, or cell re
0  Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If a range or cell reference argument contains text, logical val
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
 If you want to include logical values and text representations
 If you want to calculate the average of only the values that m

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AVERAGEA(value1, [value2], [value3], [value4], …)

Returns the average (arithmetic means) of its arguments, evaluating text and FALSE in arguments as 0; TRUE evaluates as 1. Argumen

Values

-5
 15
30
5
1
 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or
0 a reference.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that c
 Array or reference arguments that contain text evaluate as 0
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that arr
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
 If you do not want to include logical values and text represen

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COUNT(value1, [value2], [value3], …)

Counts the number of cells in a range that contain numbers

Values

-5

15
30
5
1
 Arguments that are numbers, dates, or a text representation
0  Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that
counted.
 If you want to count logical values, text, or error values, use t
 If you want to count only numbers that meet certain criteria,

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COUNTA(value1, [value2], [value3], …)

Counts the number of cells in a range that are not empty

Values
-5
15
30
5
1
0  The COUNTA function counts cells containing any type of info
empty string, the COUNTA function counts that value. The COU
 If you do not need to count logical values, text, or error value
 If you want to count only cells that meet certain criteria, use
  The COUNTA function counts cells containing any type of info
empty string, the COUNTA function counts that value. The COU
 If you do not need to count logical values, text, or error value
 If you want to count only cells that meet certain criteria, use

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MEDIAN(number1, [number2], [number3], …)

Returns the median, or the number in the middle of the set of given numbers

Data 1 Data 2
1 15
2 10
3 5
4 8
5 12
6 25
7 13
8 5  If there is an even number of numbers in the set, then MEDIA
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or refere
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla

SUMPRODUCT(array1, [array2], [array3], …)

Retursn the sum of the products of corresponding ranges or arrays

Sales Person Region Products Sales

Jon West Apple 100
Marissa East Orange 200
Kawser East Banana 125
Dipa West Banana 145
Neri North Orange 45
Jon South Apple 55
Dipa West Apple 25  The array arguments must have the same dimensions. If they
Marissa East Orange 35  SUMPRODUCT treats array entries that are not numeric as if t
Jon West Orange 50
Kawser South Apple 60
Marissa West Banana 75
Jon West Apple 85

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SUMSQ(number1, [number2], [number3], …)
Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments. The arguments can be numbers, arrays, names, or references to cells that contain n

 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or refere

 Numbers, logical values, and text representations of numbers
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that
ignored.
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
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COUNTBLANK(range)
Counts the number of empty cells in a range

Values
5
12
8

98  Cells with formulas that return "" (empty text) are also counte
 To run this formula, you need to turn off iterative calculation.
1) Click the File tab, and then click Options.
Marissa 2) Click Formulas, and under Calculation options, clear the

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EVEN(number)
Rounds a positive number up and negative number down to the nearest even integer

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 If number is nonnumeric, EVEN returns the #VALUE! error valu

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when

  If number is nonnumeric, EVEN returns the #VALUE! error valu

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when

ODD(number)
Rounds a positive number up and negative number down to the nearest odd integer.

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 If number is nonnumeric, ODD returns the #VALUE! error valu

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when

INT(number)
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

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LARGE(array, k)
Returns the k-th largest value in a data set. For example, the fifth largest number

Values Values

5 3
4 5
3 7
5 7
10 6
 If array is empty, LARGE returns the #NUM! error value.
 If k ≤ 0 or if k is greater than the number of data points, LARG
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS  If n is the number of data points in a range, then LARGE(array

SMALL(array, k)
Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set. For example, the fifth smallest number

Values Values

5 3
4 5
3 7
5 7
10 6
 If array is empty, SMALL returns the #NUM! error value.
 If k ≤ 0 or if k exceeds the number of data points, SMALL retu
 If n is the number of data points in array, SMALL(array,1) equ
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MAX(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4], …)

Returns the largest value in a set of values. Ignores logical values and text

MAXA(value1, [value2], [value3], [value4], …)

Returns the larget value in a set of values. Does not ignore logical values and text. MAXA function evaluates TRUE as 1, FALSE as 0 and

Values Values

0.3 Excel 2013

0.5 1
-2 0.9
Marissa 0
10 0.78
8 0.95
15 0.25
6 0.6  Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or refere
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that
 If the arguments contain no numbers, MAX returns 0 (zero).
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
 If you want to include logical values and text representations

 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or

a reference.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that arr
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transl
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that c
 If the arguments contain no values, MAXA returns 0 (zero).
 If you do not want to include logical values and text represen
  Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that arr
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transl
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that c
 If the arguments contain no values, MAXA returns 0 (zero).
 If you do not want to include logical values and text represen

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MIN(number1, [number2], [number3], [number4], …)

Returns the smallest number in a set of values. Ignores logical values and text

MINA(value1, [value2], [value3], [value4], …)

Returns the smallest value in a set of values. Does not ignore logical values and text. MAXA function evaluates TRUE as 1, FALSE as 0 a

Values Values

0.3 Excel 2013

0.5 1
-2 0.9
Marissa 0
10 0.78
8 0.95
15 0.25
6 0.6  Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or refere
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you t
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that
 If the arguments contain no numbers, MIN returns 0.
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transla
 If you want to include logical values and text representations

 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or

a reference.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that arr
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that c
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be transl
 If the arguments contain no values, MINA returns 0.
 If you do not want to include logical values and text represen

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MOD(number, divisor)
Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor
 Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

RAND()
Retursn a random number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1, evenly distributed (changes on recalculation)

RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top)
Return a random number between the numbers you specify

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SQRT(number)
Returns the square root of a number

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SUBTOTAL(function_num, ref1, [ref2], [ref3], …)

Returns a subtotal in a list or database

function_num function_num
(Includes Hidden (Ignores Hidden  If there are other subtotals within ref1, ref2,… (or nested subt
Values) Values) function  For the function_num constants from 1 to 11, the SUBTOTAL f
1 101 AVERAGE the Format command in the Cells group on theHome tab in the
list. For the function_Num constants from 101 to 111, the SUBTO
2 102 COUNT
subtotal only nonhidden numbers in a list.
3 103 COUNTA  The SUBTOTAL function ignores any rows that are not included
4 104 MAX  The SUBTOTAL function is designed for columns of data, or ve
5 105 MIN horizontal range using a function_num of 101 or greater, such as
range does affect the subtotal.
 If any of the references are 3-D references, SUBTOTAL returns
 list. For the function_Num constants from 101 to 111, the SUBTO
subtotal only nonhidden numbers in a list.
 The SUBTOTAL function ignores any rows that are not included
 The SUBTOTAL function is designed for columns of data, or ve
horizontal range using a function_num of 101 or greater, such as
6 106 PRODUCT
range does affect the subtotal.
 If any of the references are 3-D references, SUBTOTAL returns
7 107 STDEV
8 108 STDEVP
9 109 SUM
10 110 VAR
11 111 VARP

Values

15

45
78
89
65
78
45
50
65
12

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
, [number3], [number4], …)

Formula Result

=SUM(B6:B11) 40

=SUM(B6:B8, "5", 1, 0) 46

Warnings
 If an argument is a cell range or reference, only numeric values in the reference or range can be added. Empty cells, logical

ber2], [number3], [number4], …)

ments, which can be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers

Formula Result

=AVERAGE(B21:B26) 13.333333

=AVERAGE(B21:B23, "5", 1, 0) 7.6666667

Warnings
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, ranges, or cell references that contain numbers.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If a range or cell reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored; however, cells w
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 If you want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the A
 If you want to calculate the average of only the values that meet certain criteria, use the AVERAGEIF function or the AVERA

2], [value3], [value4], …)

ments, evaluating text and FALSE in arguments as 0; TRUE evaluates as 1. Arguments can be numbers, names, arrays, or references.

Formula Result

=AVERAGEA(B40:B45) 6.8333333
 =AVERAGEA(B40:B42, "5", 1, 0) 7.6666667

Warnings
 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or references that contain numbers; text representations of num
a reference.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that contain FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
 Array or reference arguments that contain text evaluate as 0 (zero). Empty text ("") evaluates as 0 (zero).
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that array or reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the ar
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 If you do not want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, us

value3], …)

Formula Result

=COUNT(B60:B65) 4

=COUNT(B60:B62, "5", 1, 0) 6

Warnings
 Arguments that are numbers, dates, or a text representation of numbers (for example, a number enclosed in quotation ma
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers are not counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, tex
counted.
 If you want to count logical values, text, or error values, use the COUNTA function.
 If you want to count only numbers that meet certain criteria, use the COUNTIF function or the COUNTIFSfunction.

[value3], …)

Formula Result
=COUNTA(B78:B83) 6
=COUNTA(B78:B80, "5", 1, 0) 6

Warnings
 The COUNTA function counts cells containing any type of information, including error values and empty text (""). For exam
empty string, the COUNTA function counts that value. The COUNTA function does not count empty cells.
 If you do not need to count logical values, text, or error values (in other words, if you want to count only cells that contain n
 If you want to count only cells that meet certain criteria, use the COUNTIF function or the COUNTIFS function.
 Warnings
 The COUNTA function counts cells containing any type of information, including error values and empty text (""). For exam
empty string, the COUNTA function counts that value. The COUNTA function does not count empty cells.
 If you do not need to count logical values, text, or error values (in other words, if you want to count only cells that contain n
 If you want to count only cells that meet certain criteria, use the COUNTIF function or the COUNTIFS function.

er2], [number3], …)
of the set of given numbers

Formula Result
=MEDIAN(B96:B102) 4
=MEDIAN(B96:B103) 4.5
=MEDIAN(C96:C102) 12
=MEDIAN(C96:C103) 11

Warnings
 If there is an even number of numbers in the set, then MEDIAN calculates the average of the two numbers in the middle. S
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, those values are ignored; however, cells with
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

ray2], [array3], …)
ranges or arrays

Formula Result
=SUMPRODUCT({4,5,6}, {10,20,10}) 200
=SUMPRODUCT(--(B114:B125="Jon"), --(C114:C125="West"), E114:E125) 235

Warnings
 The array arguments must have the same dimensions. If they do not, SUMPRODUCT returns the #VALUE! error value.

 SUMPRODUCT treats array entries that are not numeric as if they were zeros.
r2], [number3], …)
The arguments can be numbers, arrays, names, or references to cells that contain numbers

Formula Result
=SUMSQ(3, 4, 5) 50

Warnings
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.
 Numbers, logical values, and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, tex
ignored.
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

Formula Result
=COUNTBLANK(B147:B153) 1

Warnings
 Cells with formulas that return "" (empty text) are also counted. Cells with zero values are not counted.
 To run this formula, you need to turn off iterative calculation. Here's how:
1) Click the File tab, and then click Options.
2) Click Formulas, and under Calculation options, clear the Enable iterative calculation check box, then clickOK.

r down to the nearest even integer

Formula Result
=EVEN(1.5) 2
=EVEN(3) 4
=EVEN(2) 2
=EVEN(-1) -2

Warnings
 If number is nonnumeric, EVEN returns the #VALUE! error value.

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. If number is an even integer, no rou
  If number is nonnumeric, EVEN returns the #VALUE! error value.

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. If number is an even integer, no rou

r down to the nearest odd integer.

Formula Result
=ODD(1.5) 3
=ODD(3) 3
=ODD(2) 3
=ODD(-1) -1

Warnings
 If number is nonnumeric, ODD returns the #VALUE! error value.

 Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded up when adjusted away from zero. If number is an odd integer, no rou

Formula Result
=INT(8.9) 8
=INT(-8.9) -9
=INT(19.5) 19

ample, the fifth largest number

Formula Result

=LARGE(B205:C209,4) 6
=LARGE(B205:C209, 8) 4

Warnings
 If array is empty, LARGE returns the #NUM! error value.
 If k ≤ 0 or if k is greater than the number of data points, LARGE returns the #NUM! error value.
 If n is the number of data points in a range, then LARGE(array,1) returns the largest value, and LARGE(array,n) returns the s
xample, the fifth smallest number

Formula Result

=SMALL(B221:C225, 5) 5
=SMALL(B221:C225, 8) 7

Warnings
 If array is empty, SMALL returns the #NUM! error value.
 If k ≤ 0 or if k exceeds the number of data points, SMALL returns the #NUM! error value.
 If n is the number of data points in array, SMALL(array,1) equals the smallest value, and SMALL(array,n) equals the largest v

, [number3], [number4], …)
s logical values and text

alue3], [value4], …)
ot ignore logical values and text. MAXA function evaluates TRUE as 1, FALSE as 0 and any Text value as 0. Empty cells are ignored

Formula Result

=MAX(C239:C246) 0.95

=MAXA(C239:C246) 1
=MAX(B239:C246) 15
=MAXA(B239:C246) 15

Warnings (MAX)
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text
 If the arguments contain no numbers, MAX returns 0 (zero).
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 If you want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the M

Warnings (MAXA)
 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or references that contain numbers; text representations of num
a reference.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that array or reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the ar
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that contain text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
 If the arguments contain no values, MAXA returns 0 (zero).
 If you do not want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, us
  Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that array or reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the ar
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that contain text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
 If the arguments contain no values, MAXA returns 0 (zero).
 If you do not want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, us

, [number3], [number4], …)
nores logical values and text

alue3], [value4], …)
not ignore logical values and text. MAXA function evaluates TRUE as 1, FALSE as 0 and any Text value as 0. Empty cells are ignored

Formula Result

=MIN(C274:C281) 0.25

=MINA(C274:C281) 0
=MIN(B274:C281) -2
=MINA(B274:C281) -2

Warnings (MIN)
 Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.
 Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text
 If the arguments contain no numbers, MIN returns 0.
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 If you want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the M

Warnings (MINA)
 Arguments can be the following: numbers; names, arrays, or references that contain numbers; text representations of num
a reference.
 If an argument is an array or reference, only values in that array or reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the ar
 Arguments that contain TRUE evaluate as 1; arguments that contain text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
 Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.
 If the arguments contain no values, MINA returns 0.
 If you do not want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, us
 Formula Result
=MOD(25, 8) 1
=MOD(25, -8) -7
=MOD(-25, 8) 7
=MOD(-25, -8) -1

o 0 and less than 1, evenly distributed (changes on recalculation)

Formula Result
=RAND() 0.7422398
=RAND() 0.5445481
=RAND() 0.7759105
=RANDBETWEEN(100, 200) 147
=RANDBETWEEN(100, 200) 105
=RANDBETWEEN(100, 200) 200

Formula Result
=SQRT(49) 7
=SQRT(625) 25
=SQRT(50) 7.0710678
=SQRT(-49) Err:502

ref1, [ref2], [ref3], …)

Warnings
 If there are other subtotals within ref1, ref2,… (or nested subtotals), these nested subtotals are ignored to avoid double cou
 For the function_num constants from 1 to 11, the SUBTOTAL function includes the values of rows hidden by theHide Rows c
the Format command in the Cells group on theHome tab in the Excel desktop application. Use these constants when you wan
list. For the function_Num constants from 101 to 111, the SUBTOTAL function ignores values of rows hidden by the Hide Rows
subtotal only nonhidden numbers in a list.
 The SUBTOTAL function ignores any rows that are not included in the result of a filter, no matter which function_num value
 The SUBTOTAL function is designed for columns of data, or vertical ranges. It is not designed for rows of data, or horizontal r
horizontal range using a function_num of 101 or greater, such as SUBTOTAL(109,B2:G2), hiding a column does not affect the su
range does affect the subtotal.
 If any of the references are 3-D references, SUBTOTAL returns the #VALUE! error value.
list. For the function_Num constants from 101 to 111, the SUBTOTAL function ignores values of rows hidden by the Hide Rows
subtotal only nonhidden numbers in a list.
 The SUBTOTAL function ignores any rows that are not included in the result of a filter, no matter which function_num value
 The SUBTOTAL function is designed for columns of data, or vertical ranges. It is not designed for rows of data, or horizontal r
horizontal range using a function_num of 101 or greater, such as SUBTOTAL(109,B2:G2), hiding a column does not affect the su
range does affect the subtotal.
 If any of the references are 3-D references, SUBTOTAL returns the #VALUE! error value.

Formula Result

=SUBTOTAL(109, B355:B366) 542

=SUBTOTAL(9, B355:B366) 632

=SUBTOTAL(101, B355:B366) 54.2
=SUBTOTAL(1, B355:B366) 52.666667
 Remarks
When you take a range as the SUM function's argument, it neglects Text values, and TRUE or FALSE
statements.
In this formula, "5" is first translated into a number, TRUE is translated into 1, and FALSE is translated
into 0.

Warnings
he reference or range can be added. Empty cells, logical values like TRUE, or text are ignored.

Remarks
When you take a range as the AVERAGE function's argument, it neglects Text values, and TRUE or FALSE
statements.
In this formula, "5" is first translated into a number, TRUE is translated into 1, and FALSE is translated
into 0. Total 46 is divided by 6.

Warnings
ces that contain numbers.
rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
r empty cells, those values are ignored; however, cells with the value zero are included.
nto numbers cause errors.
mbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the AVERAGEA function.
rtain criteria, use the AVERAGEIF function or the AVERAGEIFS function.

be numbers, names, arrays, or references.

Remarks
In AVERAGEA function when you use a range as the arguments, text and FALSE in the range are
evaluated as 0, TRUE is evaluated as 1.
 But, in this formula, "5" is first translated into a number, TRUE is translated into 1, and FALSE is
translated into 0. Total is 46 and when divided by 6 results in like AVERAGE function.

Warnings
nces that contain numbers; text representations of numbers; or logical values, such as TRUE and FALSE, in

rectly into the list of arguments are counted.

n FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
Empty text ("") evaluates as 0 (zero).
reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the array or reference are ignored.
nto numbers cause errors.
s of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the AVERAGE function.

Remarks
When you pass a whole range as the argument of the COUNT function, it only counts the cells that have
numbers.
But, in this formula, text value "5", TRUE and FALSE statements are also counted as numbers. So showing
total 6 numbers.

Warnings
mbers (for example, a number enclosed in quotation marks, such as "1") are counted.
rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
nto numbers are not counted.
or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are not

UNTA function.
he COUNTIF function or the COUNTIFSfunction.

Remarks
There are total 6 number of cells that are not empty.
There are total 6 number of cells that are not empty.

Warnings
on, including error values and empty text (""). For example, if the range contains a formula that returns an
unction does not count empty cells.
ther words, if you want to count only cells that contain numbers), use the  COUNT function.
OUNTIF function or the COUNTIFS function.
 Warnings
on, including error values and empty text (""). For example, if the range contains a formula that returns an
unction does not count empty cells.
ther words, if you want to count only cells that contain numbers), use the  COUNT function.
OUNTIF function or the COUNTIFS function.

Remarks
From number 1 to 7, median is 4.
From number 1 to 8, median is (4+5)/2 = 4.5
For this data set median is 12. Arrange the data set in ascending order, you will get the median.
For this data set median is 12. Arrange the data set in ascending order, you will get the median.

Warnings
culates the average of the two numbers in the middle. See the second formula in the example.
hat contain numbers.
rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
mpty cells, those values are ignored; however, cells with the value zero are included.
nto numbers cause errors.

Remarks
4*10 + 5*20 + 6*10 = 200
Finds the total Sales by Sales Person Jon in the West Region.

Warnings
t, SUMPRODUCT returns the #VALUE! error value.

ere zeros.
 Remarks
3^2 + 4^2 + 5^2 = 50

Warnings
hat contain numbers.
you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.
or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are

nto numbers cause errors.

Remarks
Cell B134 holds a space character, so only one blank cell is available in the range.

Warnings
ls with zero values are not counted.
s how:

e iterative calculation check box, then clickOK.

Remarks
Greater than 1.5 and nearest even number is 2
Greater than 3 and nearest even number is 4
Rounds 2 to the nearest even integer
Less than -1 and nearest even integer is -2

Warnings

ted away from zero. If number is an even integer, no rounding occurs.

ted away from zero. If number is an even integer, no rounding occurs.

Remarks
Greater than 1.5 and nearest odd number is 2
Rounds 3 to the nearest odd number
Greater than 2 and nearest odd number is 3.
Nearest odd number of number -1

Warnings

ted away from zero. If number is an odd integer, no rounding occurs.

Remarks
Rounds 8.9 down to the nearest integer
Rounds -8.9 down to the nearest integer
Rounds 19.5 down to the nearest integer

Remarks
If we arrange the numbers in the range, we get: 10, 7, 7, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3. 5-th largest value in this data
set is 5.
In the above data set, the 8-th largest value is 4.

Warnings

rns the #NUM! error value.

urns the largest value, and LARGE(array,n) returns the smallest value.
 Remarks
If we arrange the numbers in the range, we get: 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 10. The 5-th smallest value in this
data set is 5.
In the above data set, the 8-th smallest value is 7.

Warnings

e #NUM! error value.

e smallest value, and SMALL(array,n) equals the largest value.

ext value as 0. Empty cells are ignored

Remarks
In the range C221: C228, MAX function returns 0.95. It ignores the TRUE, FALSE and Text
values.
In the same range C221: C228, MAXA function returns 1. It evaluates TRUE statement as 1 and
it is the highest value in the range.
In the range B221: C228, highest value is 15.
In the range B221: C228, highest value is 15.

Warnings (MAX)
hat contain numbers.
rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored.

nto numbers cause errors.

mbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the MAXA function.

Warnings (MAXA)
nces that contain numbers; text representations of numbers; or logical values, such as TRUE and FALSE, in

rectly into the list of arguments are counted.

reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the array or reference are ignored.
nto numbers cause errors.
n text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).

s of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the MAX function.

 rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the array or reference are ignored.
nto numbers cause errors.
n text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).

s of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the MAX function.

Text value as 0. Empty cells are ignored

Remarks

In the range C256: C263, MIN function returns 0.25. It ignores the TRUE, FALSE and Text values.
In the same range C256: C263, MINA function returns 0. It evaluates FALSE or TEXT values as 0,
and it is the smallest value in the range.
In the range B256: C263, the smallest value is -2.
In the range B256: C263, the smallest value is -2.

Warnings (MIN)
hat contain numbers.
rectly into the list of arguments are counted.
or reference are used. Empty cells, logical values, or text in the array or reference are ignored.

nto numbers cause errors.

mbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the MINA function.

Warnings (MINA)
nces that contain numbers; text representations of numbers; or logical values, such as TRUE and FALSE, in

reference are used. Empty cells and text values in the array or reference are ignored.
n text or FALSE evaluate as 0 (zero).
nto numbers cause errors.

s of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the MIN function.

 Remarks
The remainder will be greater than or equal to 0 and less than 8.
The remainder will be less than or equal to 0 and greater than -8.
The remainer will be less than or equal to 0 and less than 8.
The remainder will be less than or equal to 0 and greater than -8.

Remarks
The formula returns a random number between 0 and 1.
The formula returns a random number between 0 and 1.
The formula returns a random number between 0 and 1.
The formula returns a random number between 100 and 200.
The formula returns a random number between 100 and 200.
The formula returns a random number between 100 and 200.

Remarks
Returns the square root of number 49
Returns the square root of number 625
Returns the square root of number 50
Returns #NUM! type error as you cannot find out the square root of a negative number.

Warnings
these nested subtotals are ignored to avoid double counting.
n includes the values of rows hidden by theHide Rows command under the Hide & Unhide submenu of
desktop application. Use these constants when you want to subtotal hidden and nonhidden numbers in a
unction ignores values of rows hidden by the Hide Rows command. Use these constants when you want to

e result of a filter, no matter which function_num value you use.

anges. It is not designed for rows of data, or horizontal ranges. For example, when you subtotal a
OTAL(109,B2:G2), hiding a column does not affect the subtotal. But, hiding a row in a subtotal of a vertical

VALUE! error value.

unction ignores values of rows hidden by the Hide Rows command. Use these constants when you want to

e result of a filter, no matter which function_num value you use.

anges. It is not designed for rows of data, or horizontal ranges. For example, when you subtotal a
OTAL(109,B2:G2), hiding a column does not affect the subtotal. But, hiding a row in a subtotal of a vertical

VALUE! error value.

Remarks
This formula ignores the hidden values (row 344 and 345 are hidden) and calculates the sum of the
visible rows.
This formula includes the hidden values (row 344 abd 345 are hidden) and calculates the sum of all the
values in the range.
Ignores the hidden values when calculating the average of range B337: B348.
Includes the hidden values when calculating the average of range B337: B348.
 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
FIND(find_text, within_text, [start_num])
Returns the starting position of one text string within another text string. FIND is case-sensitive

Data Formula Result

Marissa Kawser Ron =FIND("r", B6) 3
=FIND("r", B6, 1) 3
=FIND("r", B6, 2) 3
=FIND("r", B6, 3) 3
=FIND("r", B6, 4) 14
=FIND("R", B6) 16

Warnings
 FIND is case sensitive and don't allow wildcard characters. If you don't want to do a
 If find_text is "" (empty text), FIND matches the first character in the search string (
Find_text cannot contain any wildcard characters.
 If find_text does not appear in within_text, FIND returns the #VALUE! error value.
 If start_num is not greater than zero, FIND returns the #VALUE! error value.
 If start_num is greater than the length of within_text, FIND returns the #VALUE! err
 Use start_num to skip a specified number of characters. Using FIND as an example,
"AYF0093.YoungMensApparel". To find the number of the first "Y" in the descriptive pa
number portion of the text is not searched. FIND begins with character 8, finds find_te
returns the number of characters from the start of within_text, counting the characte

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

SEARCH(find_text, within_text, [start_num])

Returns the number of the character at which a specific character or text string is first found, reading left to right (not case-sensiti

Data Formula Result

Marissa Kawser Ron =SEARCH("r", B33) 3
"Jon" come here =SEARCH("r", B33, 1) 3
The "boss" is here =SEARCH("r", B33, 2) 3
=SEARCH("r", B33, 3) 3
=SEARCH("r", B33, 4) 14

=SEARCH("R", B33) 3
=SEARCH(" ", B34) 6
=SEARCH("""",B35) 5

Warnings
 The SEARCH functions is not case sensitive. If you want to do a case sensitive search
 You can use the wildcard characters — the question mark (?) and asterisk (*) — in t
an asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an actual question
 If the value of find_text is not found, the #VALUE! error value is returned.
 If the start_num argument is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.
 If start_num is not greater than 0 (zero) or is greater than the length of the within_
 Use start_num to skip a specified number of characters. Using the SEARCH function
"AYF0093.YoungMensApparel". To find the position of the first "Y" in the descriptive p
number portion of the text (in this case, "AYF0093") is not searched. The SEARCH func
the character that is specified in the find_text argument at the next position, and retu
characters from the start of the within_textargument, counting the characters you ski
  You can use the wildcard characters — the question mark (?) and asterisk (*) — in t
an asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an actual question
 If the value of find_text is not found, the #VALUE! error value is returned.
 If the start_num argument is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.
 If start_num is not greater than 0 (zero) or is greater than the length of the within_
 Use start_num to skip a specified number of characters. Using the SEARCH function
"AYF0093.YoungMensApparel". To find the position of the first "Y" in the descriptive p
number portion of the text (in this case, "AYF0093") is not searched. The SEARCH func
the character that is specified in the find_text argument at the next position, and retu
characters from the start of the within_textargument, counting the characters you ski

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, [instance_num])

Replaces existing text with new text in a text string

Data Formula Result

Quantity Sold LOST =SUBSTITUTE(B63, "Sold", "Bought") Quantity Bought LOST
Year 2008 =SUBSTITUTE(B63, "Sold", "Bought", 1) Quantity Bought LOST
Year 2009 =SUBSTITUTE(B63, "Sold", "Bought", 2) Quantity Sold LOST
=SUBSTITUTE(B64, "08", "13") Year 2013

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

REPLACE(old_text, start_num, num_chars, new_text)

Replaces part of a text string with different text string

Data Formula Result

Marissa Khan =REPLACE(B74, 1, 1,"Kawser") Kawserarissa Khan
2015 =REPLACE(B74, 9, 2, "Kawser") Marissa Kawseran
9876543210 =REPLACE(B74, 9, 3, "Kawser") Marissa Kawsern

=REPLACE(B74, 9, 4, "Kawser") Marissa Kawser

=REPLACE(B74, 1, 1, "Kawser") Kawserarissa Khan
=REPLACE(B74, 2, 2, "Kawser") MKawserissa Khan
=REPLACE(B74, 3, 3, "Kawser") MaKawsersa Khan
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS =REPLACE(B74, 4, 4, "Kawser") MarKawser Khan
 Remarks
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 1.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 1.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 2.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 3.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 4.
Returns the position of the first "R" counting from position 1.

Warnings
s. If you don't want to do a case sensitive search or use wildcard characters, you can use SEARCH.
acter in the search string (that is, the character numbered start_num or 1).

the #VALUE! error value.

VALUE! error value.
ND returns the #VALUE! error value.
Using FIND as an example, suppose you are working with the text string
rst "Y" in the descriptive part of the text string, set start_num equal to 8 so that the serial-
th character 8, finds find_text at the next character, and returns the number 9. FIND always
ext, counting the characters you skip if start_num is greater than 1.

g left to right (not case-sensitive)

Remarks
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 1.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 1.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 2.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 3.
Returns the position of the first "r" counting from position 4.
Returns the position of the first "R" counting from position 1. "R"
and "r" are same here. As SEARCH is not case-sensitive.
Position of the first space in the cell B34.
Position of the first double quotes in the cell B35.

Warnings
o do a case sensitive search, you can use FIND.
k (?) and asterisk (*) — in the find_text argument. A question mark matches any single character;
t to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.
value is returned.
e 1.
n the length of the within_text argument, the #VALUE! error value is returned.
Using the SEARCH function as an example, suppose you are working with the text string
rst "Y" in the descriptive part of the text string, set start_num equal to 8 so that the serial
earched. The SEARCH function starts the search operation at the eighth character position, finds
the next position, and returns the number 9. The SEARCH function always returns the number of
nting the characters you skip if the start_num argument is greater than 1.
k (?) and asterisk (*) — in the find_text argument. A question mark matches any single character;
t to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.
value is returned.
e 1.
n the length of the within_text argument, the #VALUE! error value is returned.
Using the SEARCH function as an example, suppose you are working with the text string
rst "Y" in the descriptive part of the text string, set start_num equal to 8 so that the serial
earched. The SEARCH function starts the search operation at the eighth character position, finds
the next position, and returns the number 9. The SEARCH function always returns the number of
nting the characters you skip if the start_num argument is greater than 1.

Remarks
"Sold" text is replaced by "Bought" text in every instance.
"Sold" text is replaced by "Bought" text for the first instance.
"Sold" text is replaced by "Bought" text for the second stance.
"08" text is replaced by "13" text.

Remarks
9th letter K is replaced by new_text Kawser.
9th and 10th letter Kh is replaced by new_text Kawser. 2014
9th 10th and 11th letter Kha is replaced by new_text Kawser.

9th 10th 11th and 12th letter Khan is replaced by new_text Kawser.
Try to guess what is happening here.
Try to guess what is happening here.
Try to guess what is happening here.
Try to guess what is happening here.
MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])
Returns the relative position of an item in an array that matches a specified value in a specified order

match_type behavior

MATCH finds the largest value that is less than or equal

1 or omitted to lookup_value. The values in thelookup_array argument
must be placed in ascending order, for example: ...-2, -1, 0, 1,
2, ..., A-Z, FALSE, TRUE.

MATCH finds the first value that is exactly equal

0 to lookup_value. The values in the lookup_arrayargument can
be in any order.

MATCH finds the smallest value that is greater than or equal

-1 tolookup_value. The values in thelookup_array argument must
be placed in descending order, for example: TRUE, FALSE, Z-
A, ...2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ..., and so on.

Count1 Count2 Count3

Product (Ascending) (Descending) (No Order)

Apple 35 45 25
Orange 38 40 30

Banana 40 38 28

Pears 45 35 15

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

LOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_vector, [result_vector])

Looks up a value either from a one-row or one-column range or from an array. Provided for backward compatibility

Part Number Serial Part Price Status

A001 10 200 In Stock

A002 20 500 In Stock

A003 30 300 In Stock

A004 40 150 In Stock

A005 50 225
A006 60 525

 If the LOOKUP function can't find the 

to lookup_value.
 If lookup_value is smaller than the sm

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup]

Looks for a value in the top row of a table or array of values and return the value in the same column from a row you specify

Month Axles Bearings Bolts

Jan 4 7 9

Feb 5 8 10

Mar 6 9 11

 If HLOOKUP can't find lookup_value, a

 If lookup_value is smaller than the sma
 If range_lookup is FALSE and lookup_v
lookup_value. A question mark matches
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS actual question mark or asterisk, type a ti

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

Looks for a value in the leftmost column in a table, then returns a value in the same row from a column you specify. By default, the

ID Last name First name Title Birth date

101 Davis Sara Sales Rep. 8/12/1968

 105 Fontana Olivier V.P. of Sales 2/19/1952

108 Leal Karina Sales Rep. 8/30/1963

111 Patten Michael Manager 9/19/1958

115 Burke Brian Sales Mgr. 4/3/1955
120 Sousa Luis Sales Rep. 2/7/1963

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
match_type])
ed value in a specified order

Formula Result

=MATCH(41, C11:C14, 1) 3
=MATCH(41, C11:C14, 0) #N/A

=MATCH(41, C11:C14, -1) #N/A

=MATCH(41, D11:D14, -1) 1

=MATCH(28, E11:E14, 0) 3

[result_vector])
array. Provided for backward compatibility

Formula Result

=LOOKUP("A003", B22:B27, D22:D27) 300

=LOOKUP(20, C22:C27, D22:D27) 500

 =LOOKUP(25, C22:C27, D22:D27) 500

=LOOKUP(5, C22:C27, D22:D27) #N/A

Warnings
 If the LOOKUP function can't find the lookup_value, the function matches the largest value in lookup_vectorthat is less tha
to lookup_value.
 If lookup_value is smaller than the smallest value in lookup_vector, LOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.

ow_index_num, [range_lookup])
he value in the same column from a row you specify

Formula Result

=HLOOKUP("Axles", B41:E44, 2, 1) 4

=HLOOKUP("Bearings", C41:E44, 3, 0) 8

=HLOOKUP("B", B41:E44, 3, 1) 5

Warnings
 If HLOOKUP can't find lookup_value, and range_lookup is TRUE, it uses the largest value that is less than lookup_value.
 If lookup_value is smaller than the smallest value in the first row of table_array, HLOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.
 If range_lookup is FALSE and lookup_value is text, you can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk (*), in
lookup_value. A question mark matches any single character; an asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to fi
actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (~) before the character.

ol_index_num, [range_lookup])
n the same row from a column you specify. By default, the table must be sorted in an ascending order

Formula Result

=VLOOKUP("Leal", C59:F64, 3, 0) Sales Rep.

=VLOOKUP(111, B59:F64, 5, 0) 9/19/1958

=VLOOKUP(110, B59:F64, 4, 0) #N/A

=VLOOKUP(114, B59:F64, 4, 1) Manager

Remarks

The array is in ascending order. And match_type is 1. The formula

returns 3 as there is no value as 41 in the array. Largest value less than
or equal to 41 is at position 3.
There is no exact match of value 41 in the range C11: C14.
The array is in descending order. So you cannot apply match_type -1 for
this array.

The array is in descending order. And match_type is -1. The formula

returns 1 as there is no value as 41 in the array. So the smallest value
greater than or equal to 41 is at position 1.
When the values are not in a order, you have to use 0 as the match_type
value.

Remarks
Looking up value A003 in the range B22: B27 and then showing result
from range D22: D27.
Looking up value 20 in the range C22: C27 and then showing result from
range D22: D27.
 Looking up value 25 in the range C22: C27. No value 25. The function
matches the nearest smaller values; it is 20. So the formula returns 500
as the result.

Looking up value 5 in the range C22: C27. No value 5. The function tries
to match the nearest smaller values; it does not find. So the formula
shows error.

Warnings
value, the function matches the largest value in lookup_vectorthat is less than or equal

lue in lookup_vector, LOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.

Remarks
Looks up "Axles" in row 1, and returns the value from row 2 that's in the
same column (column C).
Looks up "Bearings" in row 1, and returns the value from row 3 that's in
the same column (column D).

Looks up "B" in row 1, and should return the value from row 3 that's in
the same column. Because an exact match for "B" is not found, the
largest value in row 1 that is less than "B" is used: "Axles," in column C.

Warnings
_lookup is TRUE, it uses the largest value that is less than lookup_value.
ue in the first row of table_array, HLOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.
ext, you can use the wildcard characters, question mark (?) and asterisk (*), in
e character; an asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an
before the character.

st be sorted in an ascending order

Remarks

In the range C59: F64, the formula looks up "Leal" in the first column,
when found it shows the Title of Leal at 3rd column in the same row.
FALSE returns an exact match.
In the range B59: F64, the formula looks up value 111 in the frist column,
when found it shows the Birth Date at 5th column in the same row.
FALSE returns an exact match.

There is no ID as 110 in the first column of range B59: F64 and the
VLOOKUP function will return an exact match. So the function returns
#N/A.

There is no ID as 114 in the first column of range B59: F64, but the
VLOOKUP function will return an appropriate match, VLOOKUP function
returns the Title of ID 111. 111 is the nearest value of 114 and less than
114.
ADDRESS(row_num, column_num, [abs_num], [a1], [sheet_text])
Creates a cell reference as text, given specified row and column numbers

abs_num Returns this type of reference

1 or Omitted Absolute

2 Absolute Row/ Relative Column

3 Relative Row/ Absolute Column

4 Relative

a1 Reference Style
TRUE or Omitted A1 Style
0 R1C1 Style

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

CHOOSE(index_num, value1, [value2], [value3], …)

Chooses a value or action to perform from a list of values, based on an index number

Data
Marissa
Excel
Excel BI
Power Query
Power Pivot
Power Map
 If index_num is an array, every value
 The value arguments to CHOOSE can
For example, the formula:
=SUM(CHOOSE(2,A1:A10,B1:B10,C1:C1
evaluates to:
=SUM(B1:B10)

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

Array Form: INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])

Return the value of a specified cell or array of cells

Reference Form: INDEX(reference, row_num, [column_num], [area

Returns a reference to specified cells

Array Form Example

Data Data
Apples Lemons

Bananas Pears

 If both the Row_num and Column_n

Column_num.
 If you set Row_num or Column_num
 To use values returned as an array, en
range of cells for a column. To enter an
NOTE    In Excel Web App, you can
 Row_num and Column_num must po

Reference Form Example

Fruit 1 Price Count

Apples $ 0.69 40

Bananas $ 0.34 38

Lemons $ 0.55 15
Oranges $ 0.25 25
Pears $ 0.59 40

Fruit 2 Price Count

Almonds $ 2.80 10  After Reference and Area_num have
Cashews $ 3.55 16 first row in the range, Column_num 1 is
Peanuts $ 1.25 20
Column_num.
 If you set Row_num or Column_num
Walnuts $ 1.75 12
 Row_num, Column_num, and Area_n
Row_num and Column_num are omitte
 The result of the INDEX function is a
value of INDEX may be used as a refere
CELL("width",B1). The CELL function us
2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the retu
NOTE    The CELL function is not availab
 value of INDEX may be used as a refere
CELL("width",B1). The CELL function us
2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the retu
NOTE    The CELL function is not availab

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

INDIRECT(ref_text, [a1])
Returns the reference specified by a text string

Data Values

C89 Marissa
C90 Kawser
C91 Excel

Sales_Data $ 90,000.00

93 $ 850.00

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

OFFSET(reference- rows, cols, [height], [width])

Returns a reference to a range that is a given number of rows and columns from a given reference

Data Data Data

15 25 8
20 31 7
25 12 9
9 18 15
11 18 14
18 10 16
18 20 17  If rows and cols offset reference over
15 15 36  If height or width is omitted, it is assu
 OFFSET doesn't actually move any ce
expecting a reference argument. For ex
range that is 1 row below and 2 column

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
num], [a1], [sheet_text])

Formula Result
=ADDRESS(2,3) $C$2

=ADDRESS(2,3,2) C$2

=ADDRESS(2,3,2,0) R2C[3]

=ADDRESS(2,3,1,0,"[Book1]Sheet1") [Book1]Sheet1!R2C3

=ADDRESS(2,3,4,0,"EXCEL SHEET") 'EXCEL SHEET'!R[2]C[3]

alue3], …)

Formula Result
=CHOOSE(3, B21, B22, B23, B24, B25, B26) Excel BI
=CHOOSE(5, B21, B22, B23, B24, B25, B26) Power Pivot

Warnings
 If index_num is an array, every value is evaluated when CHOOSE is evaluated.
 The value arguments to CHOOSE can be range references as well as single values.
For example, the formula:
=SUM(CHOOSE(2,A1:A10,B1:B10,C1:C10))
evaluates to:
=SUM(B1:B10)

_num, [column_num])

row_num, [column_num], [area_num])

Formula Result
=INDEX(B44:C45, 2, 2) Pears

{=INDEX(B44:C45, 0, 1)} Apples

{=INDEX(B44:C45, 0, 1)} Bananas

Warnings (Array Form)

 If both the Row_num and Column_num arguments are used, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of Row_
Column_num.
 If you set Row_num or Column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the array of values for the entire column or row, respectivel
 To use values returned as an array, enter the INDEX function as an array formula in a horizontal range of cells for a row, and
range of cells for a column. To enter an array formula, press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.
NOTE    In Excel Web App, you cannot create array formulas.
 Row_num and Column_num must point to a cell within array; otherwise, INDEX returns the #REF! error value.

Formula Result

=INDEX(B64:D68, 3, 3) $ 15.00

=INDEX((B64:D68~ B71:D74), 3, 2, 2) $ 1.25

=SUM(D64:INDEX(B64:D68,5,3)) $ 158.00

Warnings (Reference Form)

 After Reference and Area_num have selected a particular range, Row_num and Column_num select a particular cell: Row_
first row in the range, Column_num 1 is the first column, and so on. The reference returned by INDEX is the intersection of Ro
Column_num.
 If you set Row_num or Column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the reference for the entire column or row, respectively.
 Row_num, Column_num, and Area_num must point to a cell within reference; otherwise, INDEX returns the #REF! error va
Row_num and Column_num are omitted, INDEX returns the area in reference specified by Area_num.
 The result of the INDEX function is a reference and is interpreted as such by other formulas. Depending on the formula, the
value of INDEX may be used as a reference or as a value. For example, the formula CELL("width",INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivale
CELL("width",B1). The CELL function uses the return value of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as
2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the return value of INDEX into the number in cell B1.
NOTE    The CELL function is not available in Excel Web App.
 value of INDEX may be used as a reference or as a value. For example, the formula CELL("width",INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivale
CELL("width",B1). The CELL function uses the return value of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as
2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the return value of INDEX into the number in cell B1.
NOTE    The CELL function is not available in Excel Web App.

Formula Result

=INDIRECT(B89) Marissa
=INDIRECT("C90") Kawser
=INDIRECT(B91) Excel

=INDIRECT(B92) $ 90,000.00

=INDIRECT("C"&B93) $ 850.00

=SUM(INDIRECT("C92:C93")) $ 90,850.00

width])
rom a given reference

Formula Result

=OFFSET(B104, -2, 2, 1, 1) 7
=SUM(OFFSET(B106, -3, 1, 2,2)) 54
=SUM(OFFSET(B101, 0, 0, 8, 3)) 402

Warnings
 If rows and cols offset reference over the edge of the worksheet, OFFSET returns the #REF! error value.
 If height or width is omitted, it is assumed to be the same height or width as reference.
 OFFSET doesn't actually move any cells or change the selection; it just returns a reference. OFFSET can be used with any fun
expecting a reference argument. For example, the formula SUM(OFFSET(C2,1,2,3,1)) calculates the total value of a 3-row by 1
range that is 1 row below and 2 columns to the right of cell C2.
 Remarks
Absolute and A1-style reference
Absolute Row, Relative Column and A1-style cell
reference.
Absolute Row, Relative Column and R1C1 style cell
reference.
Absolute and R1C1 style cell reference with
workbook and sheet name.
Relative and R1C1 style cell referecne with
Worksheet name.

Remarks
Value of the 3rd list argument (value of cell B23)
Value of the 5th list argument (value of cell B25)

Warnings
CHOOSE is evaluated.
es as well as single values.
 Remarks
INDEX function in Array format.

INDEX function in Array format and entered as Array

formula. Returns the entire 1st column of the range.

INDEX function in Array format and entered as Array

formula. Returns the entire 1st column of the range.

arnings (Array Form)

used, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of Row_num and

returns the array of values for the entire column or row, respectively.
ction as an array formula in a horizontal range of cells for a row, and in a vertical
ss CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.
ormulas.
n array; otherwise, INDEX returns the #REF! error value.

Remarks

The intersection of the 3rd row and 3rd column in

the range B64: D68. Returns the cell reference D66.
D66 has value 15, so the formula returns 15

The intersection of the 3rd row and 2nd column in

the range B71: D74 as area_num is 2. Returns the cell
reference C73. C73 has value 1.25. So the formula
returns 1.25 value.

INDEX part of this formula returns cell reference D68.

SUM function returns the sum of range D64: D68.

ings (Reference Form)

ar range, Row_num and Column_num select a particular cell: Row_num 1 is the
and so on. The reference returned by INDEX is the intersection of Row_num and

returns the reference for the entire column or row, respectively.

a cell within reference; otherwise, INDEX returns the #REF! error value. If
he area in reference specified by Area_num.
terpreted as such by other formulas. Depending on the formula, the return
For example, the formula CELL("width",INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivalent to
e of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as
nto the number in cell B1.
pp.
For example, the formula CELL("width",INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivalent to
e of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as
nto the number in cell B1.
pp.

Remarks

In cell B89, there is a cell reference C89. C89 holds

data Marissa. So the formula returns Marissa.
INDIRECT function is directly referring to cell C90.
Same as the first formula.

In cell B93, there is a named range Sales_Data.

Sales_Data refers to cell C92. C92 has value 90000. So
the formula returns 90000.

"C"&B93 returns C93 as B93 cell has value 93. C93

cell has value 850. So the formula returns 850.
INDIRECT function is directly referring to cell range
C92: C93.

Remarks

Reference point is cell B104. Then goes 2 cells up and

reach cell B102, then go 2 cells right and reach cell
D102, the height and width is 1 and 1. So the formula
returns 7
Sum of the cells of the range C103: D104
Sum of all the cells in the range B101: D108

Warnings
orksheet, OFFSET returns the #REF! error value.
me height or width as reference.
election; it just returns a reference. OFFSET can be used with any function
a SUM(OFFSET(C2,1,2,3,1)) calculates the total value of a 3-row by 1-column
ell C2.
DATE(year, month, day)
Returns the number that represents the date in Microsoft Excel date-time code

Year Month Day

2015 10 15

2010 5 25

1805 8 23

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

DATEVALUE(date_text)
Converts a date in the form of text to a number that represents the date in the Microsoft Excel date-time code

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

TIME(hour, minute, second)

Converts hours, minutes, and seconds given as numbers to an Excel serial number, formatted with a time format

Hour Minute Second

12 2/8/1900 30

16 1/24/1900 30

16 2/16/1900 15

 Time values are a portion of a date value

half of a day).
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

TIMEVALUE(time_text)
Converts a text time to an Excel serial number for a time, a number from 0 (12:00:00 AM) to 0.999988424 (11:59:59 PM). Form

 Date information in time_text is ignored

 Time values are a portion of a date value
half of a day).
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

NOW()
Returns the current date and time formatted as a date and time

 Excel stores dates as sequential serial nu

and January 1, 2008 is serial number 39448
 Numbers to the right of the decimal poin
the serial number 0.5 represents the time 1
 The results of the NOW function change
not updated continuously.
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

TODAY()
Returns the current date formatted as a date

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

YEAR, MONTH, DAY, HOUR, MINUTE and SECOND Functions

All of these functions take one argument: serial_number

Function Name What it does

YEAR(…) Returns the year of a date, an integer in the range 1900-9999
MONTH(…) Returns the month, a number from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
DAY(…) Returns the day of the month, a number from 1 to 31
HOUR(…) Returns the hour as a number from 0 (12:00 A. M.) to 23(11: 00 P. M.)
MINUTE(…) Returns the minute, a number from 0 to 59
SECOND(…) Returns the second, a number from 0 to 59

 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequentia

1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 394

 Values returned by the YEAR, MONTH an

value. For example, if the display format of
values associated with the equivalent Greg
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

WEEKDAY(serial_number, [return_type])
Returns a number from 1 to 7 identifying the day of the week from a date

return_type Number returned

1 or omitted Numbers 1 (Sunday) through 7 (Saturday). Behaves like previous versions of Microsoft Excel.

2 Numbers 1 (Monday) through 7 (Sunday).

3 Numbers 0 (Monday) through 6 (Sunday).
11 Numbers 1 (Monday) through 7 (Sunday).
12 Numbers 1 (Tuesday) through 7 (Monday).
13 Numbers 1 (Wednesday) through 7 (Tuesday).
14 Numbers 1 (Thursday) through 7 (Wednesday).
15 Numbers 1 (Friday) through 7 (Thursday).
16 Numbers 1 (Saturday) through 7 (Friday).
17 Numbers 1 (Sunday) through 7 (Saturday).

 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequentia

1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 394
 If serial_number is out of range for the c
 If return_type is out of the range specifie

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DAYS(end_date, start_date)
Returns the number of days between the two dates

End Date Start Date

11/2/2015 7/12/1981

 If both date arguments are numbers, DA

 If either one of the date arguments is tex
time component.
 If date arguments are numeric values tha
 If date arguments are strings that canno
  If both date arguments are numbers, DA
 If either one of the date arguments is tex
time component.
 If date arguments are numeric values tha
 If date arguments are strings that canno

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays])

Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

Date Description

1/10/2012 Start date of project

12/3/2013 End date of project

11/22/2012 Holiday
4/12/2012 Holiday
1/21/2013 Holiday
 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequentia
1, and January 1, 2012 is serial number 409
 If any argument is not a valid date, NETW
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays])

Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays

Start Date 11/2/2014

Days to Complete the work 200

Holidays 9/15/2015 12/16/2014 3/26/2014

 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequentia

1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 394
 If any argument is not a valid date, WOR
 If start_date plus days yields an invalid d
 If days is not an integer, it is truncated.

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com

ate-time code

Formula Result

=DATE(B6, C6, D6) 10/15/2015

=DATE(2010, C7, D7) 5/25/2010

=DATE(B8, C8, D8) 8/23/3705

e date in the Microsoft Excel date-time code

Formula Result

=DATEVALUE("25/10/2015") 10/25/2015

=DATEVALUE("22 May, 2015") 5/22/2015

=DATEVALUE("22-May-2015") 5/22/2015

el serial number, formatted with a time format

Formula Result

=TIME(B26, C26, D26) 12:40 PM

=TIME(B27,C27,D27) 04:25:30 PM

=TIME(B28,C28,D28) 04:48:15 PM

Warnings
 Time values are a portion of a date value and represented by a decimal number (for example, 12:00 PM is represented
half of a day).
er from 0 (12:00:00 AM) to 0.999988424 (11:59:59 PM). Format the number with a time format after entering the formula

Formula Result

=TIMEVALUE("2:50 PM") 02:50:00 PM

=TIMEVALUE("22-August-2015 2:50 PM") 0.618055555554747

Warnings
 Date information in time_text is ignored.
 Time values are a portion of a date value and represented by a decimal number (for example, 12:00 PM is represented
half of a day).

Formula Result
=NOW() 12/15/2021 0:28
=NOW()+7 12/22/2021 0:28

Warnings
 Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so that they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is se
and January 1, 2008 is serial number 39448 because it is 39,447 days after January 1, 1900.
 Numbers to the right of the decimal point in the serial number represent the time; numbers to the left represent the da
the serial number 0.5 represents the time 12:00 noon.
 The results of the NOW function change only when the worksheet is calculated or when a macro that contains the func
not updated continuously.

Formula Result
=TODAY() 12/15/2021
=TODAY()+7 12/22/2021

TE and SECOND Functions

What it does Formula

er in the range 1900-9999 =YEAR(NOW())
1 (January) to 12 (December) =MONTH(NOW())
mber from 1 to 31 =DAY(NOW())
0 (12:00 A. M.) to 23(11: 00 P. M.) =HOUR(NOW())
 =MINUTE(NOW())
=SECOND(NOW())

Warnings
 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 190
1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 39448 because it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.

 Values returned by the YEAR, MONTH and DAY functions will be Gregorian values regardless of the display format for th
value. For example, if the display format of the supplied date is Hijri, the returned values for the YEAR, MONTH and DAY fu
values associated with the equivalent Gregorian date.

Number returned Formula

urday). Behaves like previous versions of Microsoft Excel. =WEEKDAY(NOW())

=WEEKDAY(NOW(), 16)

Warnings
 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 190
1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 39448 because it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.
 If serial_number is out of range for the current date base value, a #NUM! error is returned.
 If return_type is out of the range specified in the table above, a #NUM! error is returned.

Formula Result
=DAYS(B122, C122) 12531
=DAYS("2 Nov, 2015", "12 July, 1981") 12531

Warnings
 If both date arguments are numbers, DAYS uses EndDate–StartDate to calculate the number of days in between both da
 If either one of the date arguments is text, that argument is treated as DATEVALUE(date_text) and returns an integer da
time component.
 If date arguments are numeric values that fall outside the range of valid dates, DAYS returns the #NUM! error value.
 If date arguments are strings that cannot be parsed as valid dates, DAYS returns the #VALUE! error value.
  If both date arguments are numbers, DAYS uses EndDate–StartDate to calculate the number of days in between both da
 If either one of the date arguments is text, that argument is treated as DATEVALUE(date_text) and returns an integer da
time component.
 If date arguments are numeric values that fall outside the range of valid dates, DAYS returns the #NUM! error value.
 If date arguments are strings that cannot be parsed as valid dates, DAYS returns the #VALUE! error value.

ate, [holidays])

Formula Result

=NETWORKDAYS(B138, B139) 496

=NETWORKDAYS(B138, B139, B140:B142) 493

Warnings
 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 190
1, and January 1, 2012 is serial number 40909 because it is 40,909 days after January 1, 1900.
 If any argument is not a valid date, NETWORKDAYS returns the #VALUE! error value.

umber of workdays

Formula Result

=WORKDAY(C152, C153) 8/7/2015

=WORKDAY(C152, C153, C154:E154) 8/10/2015

Warnings
 Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 190
1, and January 1, 2008 is serial number 39448 because it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.
 If any argument is not a valid date, WORKDAY returns the #VALUE! error value.
 If start_date plus days yields an invalid date, WORKDAY returns the #NUM! error value.
 If days is not an integer, it is truncated.
 Remarks

The formula returns the date in DDMMYY format that

I am using. In your PC, the result might be MMDDYY

The formula returns the date in DDMMYY format that

I am using. In your PC, the result might be MMDDYY
Shows irrelavent result as Excel date-time system only
counts dates from Jan 01, 1900.

Remarks
Converts the date 25/ 10 / 2015 into the Excel Date-
Time system equivalent number
Converts the date 22 May, 2015 into the Excel Date-
Time system equivalent number.
Converts the date 22-May-2015 into the Excel Date-
Time system equivalent number.

Remarks

The formula returns the time in Excel Date-Time

system. You can see the time by changing its format
to Time.
The formula returns the time in Excel Date-Time
system. The cell is formatted as Time.
The formula returns the time in Excel Date-Time
system. The cell is formatted as Time.

Warnings
resented by a decimal number (for example, 12:00 PM is represented as 0.5 because it is
mber with a time format after entering the formula

Remarks

Converting the time in text format into Excel Date-

Time format. The cell is formatted into Time format.

This formula only extracts the time part from the text
and converts it into Excel Date-Time format. The cell
is formatted as General.

Warnings

resented by a decimal number (for example, 12:00 PM is represented as 0.5 because it is

Remarks
Shows the current date and time.
Returns the date and time 7 days in the future.

Warnings
o that they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number 1,
e it is 39,447 days after January 1, 1900.
serial number represent the time; numbers to the left represent the date. For example,
on.
en the worksheet is calculated or when a macro that contains the function is run. It is

Remarks
Returns the current date.
Returns the current date plus 5 days.

Result
2021
12
15
0
 28
18

Warnings
umbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number
use it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.

nctions will be Gregorian values regardless of the display format for the supplied date
plied date is Hijri, the returned values for the YEAR, MONTH and DAY functions will be
e.

Result Remarks
No return type is passed. So it evaluates
4 Sunday as 1, Monday as 2 and so on.
Return type is 16, so the function evaluates
5 Saturday as 1, Sunday as 2 and so on.

Warnings
umbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number
use it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.
ate base value, a #NUM! error is returned.
table above, a #NUM! error is returned.

Remarks
Returns the difference between two dates in days.
Returns the difference between two dates in days.

Warnings
ndDate–StartDate to calculate the number of days in between both dates.
rgument is treated as DATEVALUE(date_text) and returns an integer date instead of a

side the range of valid dates, DAYS returns the #NUM! error value.
ed as valid dates, DAYS returns the #VALUE! error value.
 ndDate–StartDate to calculate the number of days in between both dates.
rgument is treated as DATEVALUE(date_text) and returns an integer date instead of a

side the range of valid dates, DAYS returns the #NUM! error value.
ed as valid dates, DAYS returns the #VALUE! error value.

Remarks
The total days you will get to finish the project
without considering the holidays.
The total days you will get to finish the project
considering the holidays.

Warnings
umbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number
use it is 40,909 days after January 1, 1900.
S returns the #VALUE! error value.

Remarks
The finishing date of the work is 7 August, 2015 if you
don't consider the holidays.
The finishing date of the work is 10 August, 2015 if
you consider the holidays.

Warnings
umbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number
use it is 39,448 days after January 1, 1900.
urns the #VALUE! error value.
RKDAY returns the #NUM! error value.
 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
AREAS(reference)
Returns the number of areas in a reference. An area is range of contiguous cells or a single cell

Formula
=AREAS(B2:D4)
=AREAS((B2:D4~E5,F6:I9))
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS =AREAS(B2:D4!B2)

CHAR(number)
Returns the character specified by the code number from the character set for your computer

Formula

=CHAR(65)

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS =CHAR(33)

CODE(text)
Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string, in the character set used by your computer

Formula
=CODE("A")

=CODE("Marissa")
=CODE("!")
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS =CODE("?")

CLEAN(text)
Removes all non-printable characters from text
Examples of Non-Printable Characters are: Tab, New Line characters. Their codes are 9 and 10

Data Formula
Sales Data
=CLEAN(B32)

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TRIM(text)
Removes all spaces from a text string except for single spaces between words

Data Formula

Excel Dashboard =TRIM(B40)

 Titas Gas =TRIM(" Titas Gas ")

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

LEN(text)
Returns the number of characters in a text string

Data Formula
Microsoft Excel =LEN(B50)
=LEN(B51)
=LEN(B52)
One =LEN(B54)
Marissa

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

COLUMN([reference])
Returns the column number of a reference

ROW([reference])
Returns the row number of a reference

Formula

=COLUMN()
=COLUMN(B30)

=ROW()
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS =ROW(B30)

EXACT(text1, text2)
Checks whether two text strings are exactly the same, and returns TRUE or FALSE. EXACT is case-sensitive

First String Second String Formula

Excel excel =EXACT(B73, C73)
Excel eXcel =EXACT(B74, C74)

Excel Excel =EXACT(B75, C75)

Excel Excel =EXACT(B76, C76)

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

FORMULATEXT(reference)
Returns a formula as a string
Formulas Formula

80 =FORMULA(B84)

12/15/2021 0:28 =FORMULA(B85)

12/15/2021 =FORMULA(B86)

 The FORMULATEXT function returns what is dis

 The Reference argument can be to another wor
 If the Reference argument is to another workbo
 If the Reference argument is to an entire row o
returns the value in the upper leftmost cell of the
 In the following cases, FORMULATEXT returns t
 The cell used as the Reference argument does n
 The formula in the cell is longer than 8192 char
 The formula can't be displayed in the workshee
 An external workbook that contains the formul
 Invalid data types used as inputs will produce a
 Entering a reference to the cell in which you are
FORMULATEXT will successfully return the formul

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

LEFT(text, [num_chars])
Returns the specified number of characters from the start of a text string

MID(text, start_num, num_chars)

Returns the characters from the middle of a text string, given a starting position and length

RIGHT(text, [num_chars])
Returns the specified number of characters from the end of a text string

Data Formula
Excel Dashboard =LEFT(B116, 5)
Marissa Kawser =LEFT(B116, 30)
Excel BI Tools =MID(B116, 7, 25)

=MID(B116, 50, 5)
=RIGHT(B116, 25)

=RIGHT(B118, 5)

 If start_num is greater than the length of text, M

 If start_num is less than the length of text, but
end of text.
 If start_num is less than 1, MID returns the #VA
  If start_num is greater than the length of text, M
 If start_num is less than the length of text, but
end of text.
 If start_num is less than 1, MID returns the #VA
 If num_chars is negative, MID returns the #VAL
 If num_bytes is negative, MIDB returns the #VA

 Num_chars must be greater than or equal to ze

 If num_chars is greater than the length of text,
 If num_chars is omitted, it is assumed to be 1.

Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS

LOWER(text)
Converts all letters in a text string to lowercase

PROPER(text)
Converts a text string to proper case; the first letter in each word in uppercase, and all other letters to lowercase

UPPER(text)
Converts a text string to all uppercase letters

Data Formula
Excel Dashboard =LOWER(B152)

marissa kawser =PROPER(B153)

Excel BI Tools =UPPER(B154)

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REPT(text, number_times)
Repeats text a given number of times. Use REPT to fill a cell with a number of instances of a text string

Formula

=REPT("*-", 3)

=REPT("-",10)

 If number_times is 0 (zero), REPT returns "" (em

 If number_times is not an integer, it is truncate
 The result of the REPT function cannot be longe
  If number_times is 0 (zero), REPT returns "" (em
 If number_times is not an integer, it is truncate
 The result of the REPT function cannot be longe

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SHEET([value])
Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet

The SHEET function syntax has the following arguments.

n Value    Optional. Value is the name of a sheet or a reference for which you want the sheet number. If value is omitt

Sheet Formula

LIST OF FUNCTIONS =SHEET("LIST OF FUNCTIONS")

List of Functions =SHEET()

RANK =SHEET(Sales_Data)

=SHEET($'DATE & TIME'.B157)

 SHEET includes all worksheets (visible, hidden,

 If the value argument is not a valid value, SHEE
error value.
 If the value argument is a sheet name that is no
return the #NA error value.
 SHEET is not available in the Object Model (OM

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SHEETS([reference])
Returns the number of sheets in a reference

The SHEETS function syntax has the following arguments.

n Reference    Optional. Reference is a reference for which you want to know the number of sheets it contains. If Reference is omitt

Formula

=SHEETS()

 SHEETS includes all worksheets (visible, hidden

 If reference is not a valid value, SHEETS returns
 SHEETS is not available in the Object Model (OM
  SHEETS includes all worksheets (visible, hidden
 If reference is not a valid value, SHEETS returns
 SHEETS is not available in the Object Model (OM

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TRANSPOSE(array)
Converts a vertical range of cells to a horizontal range, or vice versa

Data1
1
2
3

Data2 1 2 3

Formula Result Remarks

Data1 has been converted to a horizontal
range from its vertical orientation. Array
{=TRANSPOSE(B218:B220)} 1 2 3 Formula
Data2 has converted to a vertical range
from its horizontal orientation. Array
{=TRANSPOSE(C222:E222)} 1 Formula.
{=TRANSPOSE(C222:E222)} 2
{=TRANSPOSE(C222:E222)} 3

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TYPE(value)
Returns an integer represnting the data type of a value: number = 1, text = 2; logical value = 4, error value = 16; array = 64

Data Formula

Marissa =TYPE(B236)
=TYPE("Ms. "&B236)

=TYPE(100/0)
=TYPE({1,2;3,4})

 TYPE is most useful when you are using functio

out what type of data is returned by a function or
 You cannot use TYPE to determine whether a c
value is a cell reference to a cell that contains a fo

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VALUE(text)
Converts a text string that represents a number to a number

Data Formula
$ 1,000.00 =VALUE(B255)
02:45:30 AM =VALUE(B256)

 Text can be in any of the constant number, date

VALUE returns the #VALUE! error value.
 You do not generally need to use the VALUE fun
function is provided for compatibility with other s

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CELL(info_type, [reference])
Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of the first cell, according to sheet's reading order, in a reference
Result Remarks
1 Number of areas in the range
Err:509 Number of areas in the range
1 Number of areas in the range

Result Remarks
Displays the character represented by 65 in the
A computer's character set.
Displays the character represented by 33 in the
! computer's character set.

Result Remarks
65 Returns the numeric code of character A.
Returns the numeric code of the first character M of
77 Marissa text.
33 Returns the numeric code of character !
63 Returns the numeric code of character ?

Result Remarks
This formula cleans up the TAB and NEW LINE non-
Sales Data printable characters from the text.

Result Remarks
Removes all the spaces except for single spaces between
Excel Dashboard words
 Removes all the spaces except for single spaces between
Titas Gas words

Result Remarks
15 Total 15 characters in the cell B30
0 No characters in the cell B31
4 4 Space characters in the cell B32
10 Before Marissa there are 3 space characters.

Result Remarks

When no reference is used, COLUMN function returns

8 the column number in which the formula appears.
2 For reference B30, column number is 2.
When no reference is used, ROW function returns the
66 row number in which the formula appears.
30 For reference B30, row number is 30.

Result Remarks
0 Not exactly same.
0 Not exactly same.
Looks exactly same. But second string has a space
0 character in it.
1 They are exactly same.
 Result Remarks
The formula returns the formula in cell B74 as a text
=SUM(5, 10, 15, 50) string
The formula returns the formula in cell B75 as a text
=NOW() string
The formula returns the formula in cell B76 as a text
=TODAY() string

Warnings
XT function returns what is displayed in the formula bar if you select the referenced cell.
gument can be to another worksheet or workbook.
rgument is to another workbook that is not open, FORMULATEXT returns the #N/A error value.
rgument is to an entire row or column, or to a range or defined name containing more than one cell, FORMULATEXT
the upper leftmost cell of the row, column, or range.
ases, FORMULATEXT returns the #N/A error value:
he Reference argument does not contain a formula.
e cell is longer than 8192 characters.
be displayed in the worksheet; for example, due to worksheet protection.
book that contains the formula is not open in Excel.
used as inputs will produce a #VALUE! error value.
nce to the cell in which you are entering the function as the argument won't result in a circular reference warning.
successfully return the formula as text in the cell.

Results Remarks
Excel Shows the first 5 characters from the cell B106.
Excel Dashboard Shows all the characters from the cell B106.
Dashboard Shows only the Dashboard part of cell B106.

Shows nothing as start_num 50 is not for the cell B106.

Excel Dashboard Shows all the characters from the cell B106.

Tools Shows the Tools part from the string in the cell B108.

Warnings (MID)
eater than the length of text, MID returns "" (empty text).
ss than the length of text, but start_num plus num_chars exceeds the length of text, MID returns the characters up to the

ss than 1, MID returns the #VALUE! error value.

 Warnings (MID)
eater than the length of text, MID returns "" (empty text).
ss than the length of text, but start_num plus num_chars exceeds the length of text, MID returns the characters up to the

ss than 1, MID returns the #VALUE! error value.

egative, MID returns the #VALUE! error value.
egative, MIDB returns the #VALUE! error value.

Warnings (RIGHT)
be greater than or equal to zero.
eater than the length of text, RIGHT returns all of text.
mitted, it is assumed to be 1.

to lowercase

Result Remarks
excel dashboard Converts all letters to lowercase.
Converts the text strings to proper case. M and K are now
Marissa Kawser in uppercase.
EXCEL BI TOOLS Coverts the text string to all uppercase letters.

Result Remarks

*-*-*- Fills the cell with 3 number of instances using *- string.

---------- Fills the cell with 10 number of instances using - letter.

Warnings
is 0 (zero), REPT returns "" (empty text).
is not an integer, it is truncated.
REPT function cannot be longer than 32,767 characters, or REPT returns #VALUE!.
 Warnings
is 0 (zero), REPT returns "" (empty text).
is not an integer, it is truncated.
REPT function cannot be longer than 32,767 characters, or REPT returns #VALUE!.

he sheet number. If value is omitted, SHEET returns the number of the sheet that contains the function.

Result Remarks
Showing the Sheet number of "LIST OF FUNCTIONS"
2 worksheet.
10 Showing the Sheet number of the current worksheet.
Showing the Sheet number where the Sales_Data named
8 range available.

9 Showing the Sheet number of DATE & TIME worksheet.

Warnings
l worksheets (visible, hidden, or very hidden) in addition to all other sheet types (macro, chart, or dialog sheets).
ment is not a valid value, SHEET returns the #REF! error value. For example, =SHEET(Sheet1!#REF) will return the #REF!

ment is a sheet name that is not valid, SHEET returns the #NA error value. For example =SHEET(“badSheetName”) will
r value.
able in the Object Model (OM) because the Object Model already includes similar functionality.

it contains. If Reference is omitted, SHEETS returns the number of sheets in the workbook that contains the function.

Result Remarks
The formula returns the total number of worksheets in
12 this workbook.

Warnings
all worksheets (visible, hidden, or very hidden) in addition to all other sheet types (macro, chart, or dialog sheets).
a valid value, SHEETS returns the #REF! error value.
ilable in the Object Model (OM) because the Object Model already includes similar functionality.
 Warnings
all worksheets (visible, hidden, or very hidden) in addition to all other sheet types (macro, chart, or dialog sheets).
a valid value, SHEETS returns the #REF! error value.
ilable in the Object Model (OM) because the Object Model already includes similar functionality.

r value = 16; array = 64

Result Remarks
Returns the type of the value in B236. The Text type is
2 indicated by 2.
2 Returns the type of "Mrs. Marissa", which is a Text.

16 100/0 returns an error value. So the formula returns 16.

64 Returns the type of an array constant, which is 64.

Warnings
ul when you are using functions that can accept different types of data, such as ARGUMENT and INPUT. Use TYPE to find
ta is returned by a function or formula.
YPE to determine whether a cell contains a formula. TYPE only determines the type of the resulting, or displayed, value. If
nce to a cell that contains a formula, TYPE returns the type of the formula's resulting value.
 Result Remarks
1000 Converts the value in cell B255 into a number.
0.114930555555556 Converts the value in cell B256 into a number.

Warnings
y of the constant number, date, or time formats recognized by Microsoft Excel. If text is not in one of these formats,
VALUE! error value.
ally need to use the VALUE function in a formula because Excel automatically converts text to numbers as necessary. This
for compatibility with other spreadsheet programs.
s reading order, in a reference
ULATEXT

ning.

ers up to the
ers up to the
ets).
the #REF!

me”) will

eets).
eets).

TYPE to find

yed, value. If
rmats,

cessary. This
 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
RANK(number, ref, [order])
This function is available for compatibility with Excel 2007 and other.
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers: its size relative to other values in the list

Data Formula Result

7 =RANK(B8, B7:B11) 2
3.5 =RANK(B9, B7:B11) 2
3.5 =RANK(B10, B7:B11, 1) 1
1 =RANK(B10, B7:B11, 0) 5
2

 RANK gives duplicate numbers the same rank. Howev

numbers. For example, in a list of integers sorted in asc
would have a rank of 7 (no number would have a rank o

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RANK.AVG(number, ref, [order])

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers: its size relative to other values in the list; if more than one value has the same rank

Data Formula Result

89 =RANK.AVG(B28, B27:B34) 4

90 =RANK.AVG(B33, B27:B34, 1) 1.5

87 =RANK.AVG(B34, B27:B34, 1) 7.5

98
96
85
85  If Order is 0 (zero) or omitted, Excel ranks number as
98  If Order is any nonzero value, Excel ranks number as

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RANK.EQ(number, ref, [order])

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers: its size relative to other values in the list; if more than one value has the same rnak

Data Formula Result

89 =RANK.EQ(B43, B42:B49) 4

90 =RANK.EQ(B48, B42:B49, 1) 1
 87 =RANK.EQ(B49, B42:B49, 1) 7

98 7
96
85
85
98  If Order is 0 (zero) or omitted, Excel ranks Number as
 If Order is any nonzero value, Excel ranks Number as
 RANK.EQ gives duplicate numbers the same rank. Ho
numbers. For example, in a list of integers sorted in asc
would have a rank of 7 (no number would have a rank o
Back to LIST OF FUNCTIONS
 Remarks
Order is 0 or omitted, the values are arranged in descending order.
RANK function gives duplicate numbers same rank.
Order is 1, the values are arranged in ascending order.
Order is 0 or omitted, the values are arranged in descending order.

Warnings
mbers the same rank. However, the presence of duplicate numbers affects the ranks of subsequent
a list of integers sorted in ascending order, if the number 10 appears twice and has a rank of 5, then 11
number would have a rank of 6).

an one value has the same rank, the average rank is returned

Remarks
Numbers are arranged in descending order and 90 ranks 4.
You get the average rank of number 85 when the numbers are in ascending
order.
You get the average rank of number 98 when the numbers are in ascending
order.

Warnings
itted, Excel ranks number as if ref were a list sorted in descending order.
alue, Excel ranks number as if ref were a list sorted in ascending order.

an one value has the same rnak, the top rank of that set of values is returned

Remarks
Numbers are arranged in descending order and 90 ranks 4.
You get the top rank of number 85 when the numbers are in ascending
order.
 You get the top rank of number 98 when the numbers are in ascending
order.
You get the top rank of number 98 when the numbers are in ascending
order.

Warnings
itted, Excel ranks Number as if Ref were a list sorted in descending order.
alue, Excel ranks Number as if Ref were a list sorted in ascending order.
numbers the same rank. However, the presence of duplicate numbers affects the ranks of subsequent
a list of integers sorted in ascending order, if the number 10 appears twice and has a rank of 5, then 11
number would have a rank of 6).
AND(logical1, [logical2], [logical3], [logical4], …)
Checks whether all arguments are TRUE, and returns TRUE when all arguments are TRUE

W
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values, such as TRUE or FAL
values.
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those
 If the specified range contains no logical values, the AND function r

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OR(logical1, [logical2], [logical3], [logical4], …)

Checks whether any of the arguments is TRUE, and returns TRUE or FALSE. Returns FALSE only when all arguments are FALSE

W
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALS
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those
 If the specified range contains no logical values, OR returns the #VA
 You can use an OR array formula to see if a value occurs in an array.
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NOT(logical)
Changes FALSE to TRUE, or TRUE to FALSE

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XOR(logical1, [logical2], [logical3], …)
Returns a logical 'Exclusive Or' of all arguments

W
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALS
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those
 If the specified range contains no logical values, XOR returns the #V
 You can use an XOR array formula to see if a value occurs in an array
 The result of XOR is TRUE when the number of TRUE inputs is odd a

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 Courtesy: ExcelDemy.com
2], [logical3], [logical4], …)
nd returns TRUE when all arguments are TRUE

Formula Result Remarks

All arguments are TRUE, the formula
=AND(1, 1, 1) 1 returns TRUE.
One argument is FALSE, the formula
=AND(1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1) 0 returns FALSE.
All arguments are TRUE, the formula
=AND(1+2 = 3, 3+4 = 7) 1 returns TRUE.

Warnings
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values, such as TRUE or FALSE, or the arguments must be arrays or references that c
values.
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those values are ignored.
 If the specified range contains no logical values, the AND function returns the #VALUE! error value.

[logical3], [logical4], …)
RUE, and returns TRUE or FALSE. Returns FALSE only when all arguments are FALSE

Formula Result Remarks

=OR(1) 1 One argument is TRUE
=OR(1+1=1,2+2=5) 0 All arguments evaluate to FALSE
=OR(1,0,1) 1 At least one argument is TRUE
=IF(OR(1+1=1,2+2=5,5+5=10),"Answer if true","Answer if false") Answer if true One of the OR arguments are true.

Warnings
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALSE, or in arrays or references that contain logical values.
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those values are ignored.
 If the specified range contains no logical values, OR returns the #VALUE! error value.
 You can use an OR array formula to see if a value occurs in an array. To enter an array formula, press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.

Formula Result Remarks

=NOT(0) 1 Reverses FALSE
=NOT(1) 0 Reverses TRUE
=NOT(1+1 = 5) 1 Reverses FALSE
], [logical3], …)

Formula Result Remarks

Because one of the two tests

=XOR(3>0,2<9) 0 evaluates to True, TRUE is returned.

Because all test results evaluate to

False, FALSE is returned. At least
one of the test results must evaluate
=XOR(3>12,4>6) 0 to True to return TRUE.

Warnings
 The arguments must evaluate to logical values such as TRUE or FALSE, or in arrays or references that contain logical values.
 If an array or reference argument contains text or empty cells, those values are ignored.
 If the specified range contains no logical values, XOR returns the #VALUE! error value.
 You can use an XOR array formula to see if a value occurs in an array. To enter an array formula, press Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
 The result of XOR is TRUE when the number of TRUE inputs is odd and FALSE when the number of TRUE inputs is even.
arrays or references that contain logical

at contain logical values.

ss CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER.
at contain logical values.

ess Ctrl+Shift+Enter.
TRUE inputs is even.