Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows: True-False

CHAPTER 5
BALANCE SHEET AND STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

IFRS questions are available at the end of this chapter.
TRUE-FALSE—Conceptual
Answer No. Description
F 1. Liquidity and solvency.
T 2. Limitations of the balance sheet.
T 3. Definition of financial flexibility.
T 4. Long-term liability disclosures.
T 5. Reporting restricted cash.
F 6. Land held for speculation.
T 7. Balance sheet format.
F 8. Purpose of statement of cash flows.
F 9. Statement of cash flows reporting.
T 10. Financial flexibility.
T 11. Collection of a loan.
T 12. Determining cash provided by operating activities.
F 13. Reporting significant financing and investing activities.
T 14. Current cash debt coverage.
F 15. Definition of free cash flow.
F 16. Disclosure of fair values.
F 17. Disclosure of company operations and estimates.
T 18. Disclosure of pertinent information.
F 19. Adjunct account.
F 20. Definition of activity ratios.
MULTIPLE CHOICE—Conceptual
d 21. Limitation of the balance sheet.
c 22. Uses of the balance sheet.
b 23. Use of balance sheet information.
d 24. Use of balance sheet information.
d 25. Limitation of the balance sheet.
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c 26. Uses of the balance sheet.
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b 27. Criticisms of the balance sheet.
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c 28. Definition of liquidity.
d 29. Definition of net assets.
b 30. Current assets presentation.
b 31. Operating cycle.
d 32. Operating cycle.
d 33. Identification of current asset.
d 34. Identification of current asset.
c 35. Presentation of current asset.
b 36. Valuation of receivables.
c 37. Classification of inventory pledged as security.
5-2 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Fifteenth Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE—Conceptual (cont.)

b 38. Identification of long-term investments.
d 39. Identification of valuation methods.
b 40. Identification of current liabilities.
d 41. Definition of working capital.
b 42. Identification of working capital items.
d 43. Identification of long-term liabilities.
d 44. Identification of long-term liabilities.
d 45. Classification of treasury stock.
d 46. Disclosures for common stock.
d 47. Classification of investment in affiliate.
c 48. Classification of owners' equity.
d 49. Classification of assets.
c 50. Purpose of the statement of cash flows.
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c 51. Statement of cash flows answers.
c 52. Statement of cash flows reporting.
b 53. Statement of cash flows objective.
d 54. Reporting issuance of stock for machine.
d 55. Identify a financing activity.
b 56. Classification of cash receipts.
b 57. Identify a financing activity.
c 58. Cash flow from operating activities.
a 59. Identify an investing activity.
d 60. Preparing the statement of cash flows.
b 61. Cash debt coverage.
b 62. Current cash debt coverage.
d 63. Financial flexibility measure.
c 64. Calculation of free cash flow.
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b 65. Description of financial flexibility.
b 66. Cash debt coverage.
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d 67. Balance sheet supplementary disclosure.
a 68. Fair value hierarchy.
b 69. Balance sheet supplementary disclosure.
c 70. Disclosure of contractual situations.
d 71. Disclosure of accounting policies.
d 72. Contingency reported in financial statement notes.
d 73. Methods of disclosure.
d 74. Disclosure of significant accounting policies.
d 75. Disclosure of depreciation methods used.
d 76. Required notes to the financial statements.
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d 77. Identification of contra account.
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b 78. Definition of activity ratios.
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Note: these questions also appear in the Problem-Solving Survival Guide.
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Note: these questions also appear in the Study Guide.
Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows 5-3
MULTIPLE CHOICE—Computational
c 79. Classifying investments.
a 80. Identifying intangible assets
b 81. Calculate total stockholders’ equity.
d 82. Classifying investments.
a 83. Identifying intangible assets.
b 84. Calculate total stockholders’ equity.
c 85. Calculate beginning stockholders’ equity.
c 86. Calculate ending stockholders’ equity.
d 87. Calculate net income.
b 88. Calculate ending cash balance.
b 89. Calculate ending cash balance.
a 90. Calculate cash provided by operating activities.
c 91. Cash provided by operating activities.
c 92. Cash provided by operating activities.
a 93. Cash debt coverage.
b 94. Free cash flow.
c 95. Asset turnover ratio.
d 96. Rate of return on assets.
MULTIPLE CHOICE—CPA Adapted

d 97. Calculate total current assets.
d 98. Calculate total current assets.
a 99. Calculate total current liabilities.
c 100. Calculate retained earnings balance.
b 101. Calculate current and long-term liabilities.
c 102. Classification of investing activity.
a 103. Classification of operating activity.
d 104. Classification of financing activity.
b 105. Classification of investing activity.
c 106. Summary of significant accounting policies.
BRIEF EXERCISES
Item Description
BE5-107 Definitions.
BE5-108 Terminology.
BE5-109 Current assets.
EXERCISES
E5-110 Account classification.
E5-111 Valuation of balance sheet items.
E5-112 Balance sheet classifications.

E5-115 Statement of cash flows.
E5-116 Statement of cash flows ratios.
PROBLEMS
Item Description
P5-117 Balance sheet format.
P5-118 Balance sheet preparation.
P5-119 Balance sheet presentation.
P5-120 Statement of cash flows preparation.
P5-121 Statement of cash flows preparation.
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Explain the uses and limitations of a balance sheet.
2. Identify the major classifications of the balance sheet.
3. Prepare a classified balance sheet using the report and account formats.
4. Indicate the purpose of the statement of cash flows.
5. Identify the content of the statement of cash flows.
6. Prepare a basic statement of cash flows.
7. Understand the usefulness of the statement of cash flows.
8. Determine which balance sheet information requires supplemental disclosure.
9. Describe the major disclosure techniques for the balance sheet.
*10.Identify the major types of financial ratios and what they measure.
11. Compare the accounting procedures related to the balance sheet under GAAP and IFRS.
TRUE FALSE—Conceptual
1. Liquidity refers to the ability of an enterprise to pay its debts as they mature. F
2. The balance sheet omits many items that are of financial value to the business but cannot
be recorded objectively. T
3. Financial flexibility measures the ability of an enterprise to take effective actions to alter the
amounts and timing of cash flows. T
4. Companies frequently describe the terms of all long-term liability agreements in notes to the
financial statements. T
5. A company excludes from the current assets section, the amount of cash restricted for
purposes other than payment of current obligations or for use in current operations. T
6. Land held for speculation is reported in the property, plant, and equipment section of the
balance sheet. F
7. The account form and the report form of the balance sheet are both acceptable under
GAAP. T
8. The primary purpose of a statement of cash flows is to report the cash effects of operations
during a period. F
9. The statement of cash flows reports only the cash effects of operations during a period and
financing transactions. F
10. Financial flexibility is a company’s ability to respond and adapt to financial adversity and
unexpected needs and opportunities. T
11. Collection of a loan is reported as an investing activity in the statement of cash flows. T
12. Companies determine cash provided by operating activities by converting net income on an
accrual basis to a cash basis. T
13. Significant financing and investing activities that do not affect cash are not reported in the
statement of cash flows or any other place. F
14. Financial statement readers often assess liquidity by using the current cash debt coverage.
T
15. Free cash flow is net income less capital expenditures and dividends. F
16. Because of the historical cost principle, fair values may not be disclosed in the balance
sheet. F
17. Companies have the option of disclosing information about the nature of their operations
and the use of estimates in preparing financial statements. F
18. Companies may use parenthetical explanations, notes, cross references, and supporting
schedules to disclose pertinent information. T
19. On the balance sheet, an adjunct account reduces either an asset, a liability, or an owners’
equity account. F
20. Activity ratios measure the degree of protection for long-term creditors and investors. F
MULTIPLE CHOICE—Conceptual
21. Which of the following is a limitation of the balance sheet?
a. Many items that are of financial value are omitted.
b. Judgments and estimates are used.
c. Current fair value is not reported.
d. All of these answer choices are correct.
22. The balance sheet is useful for analyzing all of the following except
a. liquidity.
b. solvency.
c. profitability.
d. financial flexibility.
23. Balance sheet information is useful for all of the following except to
a. compute rates of return
b. analyze cash inflows and outflows for the period
c. evaluate capital structure
d. assess future cash flows
24. Balance sheet information is useful for all of the following except
a. assessing a company's risk
b. evaluating a company's liquidity
c. evaluating a company's financial flexibility
d. determining free cash flows.
25. A limitation of the balance sheet that is not also a limitation of the income statement is
a. the use of judgments and estimates
b. omitted items
c. the numbers are affected by the accounting methods employed
d. valuation of items at historical cost
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26. The balance sheet contributes to financial reporting by providing a basis for all of the
following except
a. computing rates of return.
b. evaluating the capital structure of the enterprise.
c. determining the increase in cash due to operations.
d. assessing the liquidity and financial flexibility of the enterprise.
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27. One criticism not normally aimed at a balance sheet prepared using current accounting
and reporting standards is
a. failure to reflect current value information.
b. the extensive use of separate classifications.
c. an extensive use of estimates.
d. failure to include items of financial value that cannot be recorded objectively.
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28. The amount of time that is expected to elapse until an asset is realized or otherwise
converted into cash is referred to as
a. solvency.
b. financial flexibility.
c. liquidity.
d. exchangeability.
29. The net assets of a business are equal to

a. current assets minus current liabilities.
b. total assets plus total liabilities.
c. total assets minus total stockholders' equity.
d. none of these answer choices are correct.
30. The correct order to present current assets is

a. cash, accounts receivable, prepaid items, inventories.
b. cash, accounts receivable, inventories, prepaid items.
c. cash, inventories, accounts receivable, prepaid items.
d. cash, inventories, prepaid items, accounts receivable.
31. The basis for classifying assets as current or noncurrent is conversion to cash within
a. the accounting cycle or one year, whichever is shorter.
b. the operating cycle or one year, whichever is longer.
c. the accounting cycle or one year, whichever is longer.
d. the operating cycle or one year, whichever is shorter.
32. The basis for classifying assets as current or noncurrent is the period of time normally
required by the accounting entity to convert cash invested in
a. inventory back into cash, or 12 months, whichever is shorter.
b. receivables back into cash, or 12 months, whichever is longer.
c. tangible fixed assets back into cash, or 12 months, whichever is longer.
d. inventory back into cash, or 12 months, whichever is longer.
33. The current assets section of the balance sheet should include
a. machinery.
b. patents.
c. goodwill.
d. inventory.
34. Which of the following is a current asset?

a. Cash surrender value of a life insurance policy of which the company is the
beneficiary.
b. Investment in equity securities for the purpose of controlling the issuing company.
c. Cash designated for the purchase of tangible fixed assets.
d. Trade installment receivables normally collectible in 18 months.
35. Current assets are presented in the balance sheet in

a. ascending order of their balances.
b. descending order of their balances.
c. order of their liquidity.
d. reverse order of their liquidity.
36. Receivables are valued based on their ________.

a. fair value
b. estimated amount collectible
c. lower-of-cost-or-market value
d. historical cost
37. When a portion of inventories has been pledged as security on a loan,

a. the value of the portion pledged should be subtracted from the debt.
b. an equal amount of retained earnings should be appropriated.
c. the fact should be disclosed but the amount of current assets should not be
affected.
d. the cost of the pledged inventories should be transferred from current assets to
noncurrent assets.
38. Which of the following is not a long-term investment?

a. Cash surrender value of life insurance
b. Franchise
c. Land held for speculation
d. A sinking fund
39. A generally accepted method of valuation is

1. trading securities at market value.
2. accounts receivable at net realizable value.
3. inventories at current cost.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1 and 2
40. Which item below is not a current liability?

a. Unearned revenue
b. Stock dividends distributable
c. The currently maturing portion of long-term debt
d. Trade accounts payable
41. Working capital is

a. capital which has been reinvested in the business.
b. unappropriated retained earnings.
c. cash and receivables less current liabilities.
d. none of these answer choices are correct.
42. An example of an item which is not an element of working capital is

a. accrued interest on notes receivable.
b. goodwill.
c. goods in process.
d. temporary investments.
43. Long-term liabilities include

a. obligations not expected to be liquidated within the operating cycle.
b. obligations payable at some date beyond the operating cycle.
c. deferred income taxes and most lease obligations.
d. all of these answer choices are correct.
44. Which of the following should be excluded from long-term liabilities?

a. Obligations payable at some date beyond the operating cycle
b. Most pension obligations
c. Long-term liabilities that mature within the operating cycle and will be paid from a
sinking fund
d. None of these answer choices are correct.
45. Treasury stock should be reported as a(n)

a. current asset.
b. investment.
c. other asset.
d. reduction of stockholders' equity.
46. Which of the following should be reported for capital stock?

a. The shares authorized
b. The shares issued
c. The shares outstanding
d. All of these answer choices are correct.
47. Which of the following would be classified in a different major section of a balance sheet
from the others?
a. Capital stock
b. Common stock subscribed
c. Stock dividend distributable
d. Stock investment in affiliate
5 - 10 Test Bank for Intermediate Accounting, Fifteenth Edition
48. The stockholders' equity section is usually divided into what three parts?
a. Preferred stock, common stock, treasury stock
b. Preferred stock, common stock, retained earnings
c. Capital stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings
d. Capital stock, appropriated retained earnings, unappropriated retained earnings
49. Which of the following is not an acceptable major asset classification?

a. Current assets
b. Long-term investments
c. Property, plant, and equipment
d. Deferred charges
50. The financial statement which summarizes operating, investing, and financing activities of
an entity for a period of time is the
a. retained earnings statement.
b. income statement.
c. statement of cash flows.
d. statement of financial position.
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51. The statement of cash flows provides answers to all of the following questions except
a. where did the cash come from during the period?
b. what was the cash used for during the period?
c. what is the impact of inflation on the cash balance at the end of the year?
d. what was the change in the cash balance during the period?
52. The statement of cash flows reports all of the following except
a. the net change in cash for the period.
b. the cash effects of operations during the period.
c. the free cash flows generated during the period.
d. investing transactions.
53. The statement of cash flows helps meet the objective of financial reporting, which is to
assess all of the following except the
a. amount of future cash flows.
b. source of future cash flows.
c. timing of future cash flows.
d. uncertainty of future cash flows.
54. If common stock was issued to acquire an $8,000 machine, how would the transaction
appear on the statement of cash flows?
a. It would depend on whether you are using the direct or the indirect method.
b. It would be a positive $8,000 in the financing section and a negative $8,000 in the
investing section.
c. It would be a negative $8,000 in the financing section and a positive $8,000 in the
investing section.
d. It would not appear on the statement of cash flows but rather on a schedule of
noncash investing and financing activities.
55. Which of the following events will appear in the cash flows from financing activities section
of the statement of cash flows?
a. Cash purchases of equipment.
b. Cash purchases of bonds issued by another company.
Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows 5 - 11
c. Cash received as repayment for funds loaned.

d. Cash purchase of treasury stock.
56. Making and collecting loans and disposing of property, plant, and equipment are
a. operating activities.
b. investing activities.
c. financing activities.
d. liquidity activities.
57. In preparing a statement of cash flows, sale of treasury stock at an amount greater than
cost would be classified as a(n)
a. operating activity.
b. financing activity.
c. extraordinary activity.
d. investing activity.
58. In preparing a statement of cash flows, cash flows from operating activities
a. are always equal to accrual accounting income.
b. are calculated as the difference between revenues and expenses.
c. can be calculated by appropriately adding to or deducting from net income
those items in the income statement that do not affect cash.
d. can be calculated by appropriately adding to or deducting from net income those items
in the income statement that do affect cash.
59. In preparing a statement of cash flows, which of the following transactions would be
considered an investing activity?
a. Sale of equipment at book value
b. Sale of merchandise on credit
c. Declaration of a cash dividend
d. Issuance of bonds payable at a discount
60. Preparing the statement of cash flows involves all of the following except determining the
a. cash provided by operations.
b. cash provided by or used in investing and financing activities.
c. change in cash during the period.
d. cash collections from customers during the period.
61. The cash debt coverage is computed by dividing net cash provided by operating activities
by
a. average long-term liabilities.
b. average total liabilities.
c. ending long-term liabilities.
d. ending total liabilities.
62. The current cash debt coverage is often used to assess

a. financial flexibility.
b. liquidity.
c. profitability.
d. solvency.
63. A measure of a company’s financial flexibility is the

a. cash debt coverage.
b. current cash debt coverage.

c. free cash flow.
d. cash debt coverage and free cash flow.
64. Free cash flow is calculated as net cash provided by operating activities less
a. capital expenditures.
b. dividends.
c. capital expenditures and dividends.
d. capital expenditures and depreciation.
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65. One of the benefits of the statement of cash flows is that it helps users evaluate financial
flexibility. Which of the following explanations is a description of financial flexibility?
a. The nearness to cash of assets and liabilities.
b. The firm's ability to respond and adapt to financial adversity and unexpected
needs and opportunities.
c. The firm's ability to pay its debts as they mature.
d. The firm's ability to invest in a number of projects with different objectives and costs.
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66. Net cash provided by operating activities divided by average total liabilities equals the
a. current cash debt coverage.
b. cash debt coverage.
c. free cash flow.
d. current ratio.
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67. Which of the following balance sheet classifications would normally require the greatest
amount of supplementary disclosure?
a. Current assets
b. Current liabilities
c. Plant assets
d. Long-term liabilities
68. Level 1 of fair value hierarchy measures are based on:

a. market prices for identical assets.
b. market prices for similar assets.
c. unobservable inputs.
d. historical cost of similar assets.
69. Which of the following is not a required supplemental disclosure for the balance sheet?
a. Contingencies
b. Financial forecasts
c. Accounting policies
d. Contractual situations
70. Typical contractual situations that are disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet include
all of the following except
a. debt covenants
b. lease obligations
c. advertising contracts
d. pension obligations
71. Accounting policies disclosed in the notes to the financial statements typically include all
of the following except
a. the cost flow assumption used

b. the depreciation methods used
c. significant estimates made
d. significant inventory purchasing policies
72. Which of the following best exemplifies a contingency that is reported in the notes to the
financial statements?
a. Losses from potential future lawsuits
b. Loss from a lawsuit settled out of court prior to the end of the fiscal year
c. Warranty claims on future sales
d. Estimated loss from an ongoing lawsuit
73. Which of the following is not a method of disclosing pertinent information?

a. Supporting schedules
b. Parenthetical explanations
c. Cross reference and contra items
d. All of these are methods of disclosing pertinent information.
74. Significant accounting policies may not be

a. selected on the basis of judgment.
b. selected from existing acceptable alternatives.
c. unusual or innovative in application.
d. omitted from financial-statement disclosure.
75. A general description of the depreciation methods applicable to major classes of depreci-
able assets
a. is not a current practice in financial reporting.
b. is not essential to a fair presentation of financial position.
c. is needed in financial reporting when company policy differs from income tax policy.
d. should be included in corporate financial statements or notes thereto.
76. It is mandatory that the essential provisions of which of the following be clearly stated in
the notes to the financial statements?
a. Stock option plans
b. Pension obligations
c. Lease contracts
d. All of these answer choices are correct
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77. Which of the following is a contra account?
a. Premium on bonds payable
b. Unearned revenue
c. Patents
d. Accumulated depreciation
78. __________ ratios measure how effectively a company uses its assets.
a. Liquidity
b. Activity
c Profitability
d. Coverage
Multiple Choice Answers—Conceptual

Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans.
21. d 30. b 39. d 48. c 57. b 66. b 75. D
22. c 31. b 40. b 49. d 58. c 67. d 76. D
23. b 32. d 41. d 50. c 59. a 68. a 77. D
24. d 33. d 42. b 51. c 60. D 69. b 78. b
25. d 34. d 43. d 52. c 61. B 70. c
26. c 35. c 44. d 53. b 62. B 71. D
27. b 36. b 45. d 54. d 63. D 72. D
28. c 37. c 46. d 55. D 64. C 73. d
29. d 38. b 47. d 56. b 65. b 74. d
Solutions to those Multiple Choice questions for which the answer is “none of these.”
29. Total assets minus total liabilities.
41. Current assets less current liabilities.
44. Many answers are possible.
MULTIPLE CHOICE—Computational
79. Fulton Company owns the following investments:
Trading securities (fair value) $140,000
Available-for-sale securities (fair value) 70,000
Held-to-maturity securities (amortized cost) 94,000
Fulton will report investments in its current assets section of
a. $0.
b. exactly $140,000.
c. $140,000 or an amount greater than $140,000, depending on the circumstances.
d. exactly $210,000.
80. For Grimmett Company, the following information is available:

Capitalized leases $600,000
Trademarks 245,000
Long-term receivables 225,000
In Grimmett’s balance sheet, intangible assets should be reported at
a. $245,000.
b. $275,000.
c. $845,000.
d. $875,000.
81. Houghton Company has the following items: common stock, $800,000; treasury stock,
$105,000; deferred income taxes, $125,000 and retained earnings, $390,000. What total
amount should Houghton Company report as stockholders’ equity?
a. $960,000.
b. $1,085,000. $800,000 – $105,000 + $390,000 = $1,085,000.
c. $1,210,000.
d. $1,295,000.
82. Kohler Company owns the following investments:

Trading securities (fair value) $120,000
Available-for-sale securities (fair value) 80,000
Held-to-maturity securities (amortized cost) 94,000
Kohler will report securities in its long-term investments section of
a. exactly $200,000.
b. exactly $214,000.
c. exactly $294,000.
d. $174,000 or an amount less than $174,000, depending on the circumstances.
83. For Randolph Company, the following information is available:

Capitalized leases $560,000
Copyrights 190,000
Long-term receivables 210,000
In Randolph’s balance sheet, intangible assets should be reported at
a. $190,000.
b. $220,000.
c. $750,000.
d. $780,000.
84. Olmsted Company has the following items: common stock, $750,000; treasury stock,
$105,000; deferred income taxes, $125,000 and retained earnings, $454,000. What total
amount should Olmsted Company report as stockholders’ equity?
a. $974,000.
b.$1,099,000. $750,000 – $105,000 + $454,000 = $1,099,000.
c. $1,224,000.
d. $1,349,000.
85. Presented below are data for Antwerp Corp.

2014 2015
Assets, January 1 $2,800 $3,360
Liabilities, January 1 1,680 ?
Stockholders' Equity, Jan. 1 ? ?
Dividends 560 420
Common Stock 504 448
Stockholders' Equity, Dec. 31 ? ?
Net Income 560 448
Stockholders' Equity at January 1, 2014 is
a. $ 704.
b. $ 760.
c. $1,120. $2,800 – $1,680 = $1,120.
d. $1,624.
86. Presented below are data for Bandkok Corp.

2014 2015
Assets, January 1 $5,900 $6,480
Liabilities, January 1 3,240 ?
Stockholders' Equity, Jan. 1 ? ?
Dividends 1,080 810
Stockholders' Equity, Dec. 31 ? ?
Net Income 1,280 864
Stockholders' Equity at January 1, 2015 is
a. $3,832.
b. $2,660.
c.$2,860. ($5,900 – $3,240) + $1,280 – $1,080 = $2,860.
d. $3,940.
87. Presented below are data for Caracas Corp.

2014 2015
Assets, January 1 $4,560 ?
Liabilities, January 1 ? $2,736
Stockholders' Equity, Jan. 1 ? 2,750
Dividends 570 646
Stockholders' Equity, Dec. 31 ? 2,266
Net Income 684 ?
Net income for 2015 is
a. $484 income.
b. $484 loss.
c. $162 loss.
d.$162 income. $2,266 + $646 – $2,750 = $162.
88. Lohmeyer Corporation reports:

Cash provided by operating activities $320,000
Cash used by investing activities 110,000
Cash provided by financing activities 140,000
Beginning cash balance 70,000
What is Lohmeyer’s ending cash balance?
a. $350,000.
b.$420,000. $70,000 + $320,000 – $110,000 + $140,000 = $420,000.
c. $570,000.
d. $640,000.
89. Keisler Corporation reports:

Cash provided by operating activities $280,000
Cash used by investing activities 110,000
Cash provided by financing activities 140,000
Beginning cash balance 70,000
What is Keisler’s ending cash balance?
a. $310,000.
b.$380,000. $70,000 + $280,000 – $110,000 + $140,000 = $380,000.
c. $530,000.
d. $600,000.
90. During 2014 the DLD Company had a net income of $75,000. In addition, selected
accounts showed the following changes:
Accounts Receivable $3,000 increase
Accounts Payable 1,000 increase
Buildings 4,000 decrease
Depreciation Expense 1,500 increase
Bonds Payable 8,000 increase
What was the amount of cash provided by operating activities?
a. $74,500 $75,000 – $3,000 + $1,000 + $1,500 = $74,500.
b. $75,000
c. $76,500
d. $84,500
91. Harding Corporation reports the following information:

Net income $480,000
Depreciation expense 140,000
Increase in accounts receivable 60,000
Harding should report cash provided by operating activities of
a. $280,000.
b. $400,000.
c.$560,000. $480,000 + $140,000 – $60,000 = $560,000.
d. $680,000.
92. Sauder Corporation reports the following information:

Net income $320,000
Increase in accounts receivable 30,000
Sauder should report cash provided by operating activities of
a. $220,000.
b. $280,000.
c. $360,000. $320,000 + $70,000 – $30,000 = $360,000.
d. $420,000.
93. Packard Corporation reports the following information:

Net cash provided by operating activities $285,000
Average current liabilities 150,000
Average long-term liabilities 100,000
Dividends declared 60,000
Capital expenditures 110,000
Payments of debt 35,000
Packard’s cash debt coverage is
a. 1.14. $285,000 ÷ ($150,000 + $100,000) = 1.14.
b. 1.90.
c. 2.85.
d. 4.75.
94. Packard Corporation reports the following information:

Net cash provided by operating activities $285,000
Average current liabilities 150,000
Average long-term liabilities 100,000
Dividends paid 60,000
Capital expenditures 110,000
Payments of debt 35,000
Packard’s free cash flow is
a. $100,000.
b. $115,000. $285,000 – $60,000 – $110,000 = $115,000.
c. $175,000.
d. $225,000.
95. Huge Cart Inc. gives you the following information pertaining to the year 2014.
Net sales $800,000
Cost of goods sold 500,000
Current assets 500,000
Current liabilities 250,000
Average total assets 900,000
Total liabilities 550,000
Net income 150,000
The asset turnover ratio of Huge Cart Inc. is
a. 0.56
b. 0.17
c. 0.89 $800,000 ÷ $900,000 = 0.89.
d. 1.13
96. Huge Cart Inc. gives you the following information pertaining to the year 2014.
Net sales $850,000
Cost of goods sold 500,000
Current assets 500,000
Current liabilities 250,000
Average total assets 900,000
Net income 150,000
The rate of return on assets Huge Cart Inc. is:
a. 55.5%.
b. 30.0%.
c. 18.7%.
d.16.6%. $150,000 ÷ $900,000 = 16.6%.
Multiple Choice Answers—Computational

Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans.
79. c 83. a 87. d 91. c 95. c
80. a 84. b 88. b 92. c 96. d
81. b 85. c 89. b 93. a
82. d 86. c 90. a 94. b
MULTIPLE CHOICE—CPA Adapted

97. Stine Corp.'s trial balance reflected the following account balances at December 31, 2014:
Accounts receivable (net) $19,000
Trading securities 6,000
Accumulated depreciation on equipment and furniture 15,000
Cash 16,000
Inventory 30,000
Equipment 25,000
Patent 4,000
Prepaid expenses 2,000
Land held for future business site 18,000
In Stine's December 31, 2014 balance sheet, the current assets total is
a. $90,000.
b. $82,000.
c. $77,000.
d. $73,000. $19,000 + $6,000 + $16,000 + $30,000 + $2,000 = $73,000.
Use the following information for questions 98 through 100.
The following trial balance of Reese Corp. at December 31, 2014 has been properly adjusted
except for the income tax expense adjustment.
Reese Corp.
Trial Balance
December 31, 2014
Dr. Cr.
Cash $ 775,000
Accounts receivable (net) 2,695,000
Inventory 2,085,000
Property, plant, and equipment (net) 7,566,000
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 1,701,000
Income taxes payable 654,000
Deferred income tax liability 85,000
Common stock 2,350,000
Additional paid-in capital 3,680,000
Retained earnings, 1/1/14 3,450,000
Net sales and other revenues 13,560,000
Costs and expenses 11,180,000
Income tax expenses 1,179,000
$25,480,000 $25,480,000
Other financial data for the year ended December 31, 2014:
 Included in accounts receivable is $1,200,000 due from a customer and payable in quarterly
installments of $150,000. The last payment is due December 29, 2016.
 The balance in the Deferred Income Tax Liability account pertains to a temporary difference
that arose in a prior year, of which $20,000 is classified as a current liability.
 During the year, estimated tax payments of $525,000 were charged to income tax expense.
The current and future tax rate on all types of income is 30%.
In Reese's December 31, 2014 balance sheet,
98. The current assets total is

a. $6,080,000.
b. $5,555,000.
c. $5,405,000.
d.$4,955,000. $775,000 + [$2,695,000 – ($150,000 × 4)] + $2,085,000 = $4,955,000.
99. The current liabilities total is

a.$1,850,000. $1,701,000 + ($654,000 – $525,000) + $20,000 = $1,850,000.
b. $1,915,000.
c. $2,375,000.
d. $2,440,000.
100. The final retained earnings balance is
a. $4,651,000.
b. $4,736,000.
c. $5,176,000. $3,450,000 + $13,560,000 – $11,180,000 – ($1,179,000 – $525,000) =
$5,176,000.
101. On January 4, 2014, Kiley Co. leased a building to Dodd Corp. for a ten-year term at an
annual rental of $150,000. At inception of the lease, Kiley received $600,000 covering the
first two years' rent of $300,000 and a security deposit of $300,000. This deposit will not
be returned to Dodd upon expiration of the lease but will be applied to payment of rent for
the last two years of the lease. What portion of the $600,000 should be shown as a
current and long-term liability in Kiley's December 31, 2014 balance sheet?
Current Liability Long-term Liability
a. $0 $600,000
b. $150,000 $300,000
c. $300,000 $300,000
d. $300,000 $150,000
102. In a statement of cash flows, receipts from sales of property, plant, and equipment and
other productive assets should generally be classified as cash inflows from
b. financing activities.
c. investing activities.
d. selling activities.
103. In a statement of cash flows, interest payments to lenders and other creditors should be
classified as cash outflows for
b. borrowing activities.
c. lending activities.
d. financing activities.
104. In a statement of cash flows, proceeds from issuing equity instruments should be
classified as cash inflows from
a. lending activities.
b. operating activities.
c. investing activities.
d. financing activities.
105. In a statement of cash flows, payments to acquire debt instruments of other entities (other
than cash equivalents) should be classified as cash outflows for
b. investing activities.
c. financing activities.
d. lending activities.
106. Which of the following facts concerning fixed assets should be included in the summary of
significant accounting policies?
Depreciation Method Composition
a. No Yes
b. Yes Yes
c. Yes No
d. No No
Multiple Choice Answers—CPA Adapted

Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans. Item Ans.
97. d 99. a 101. b 103. a 105. b
98. d 100. c 102. c 104. d 106. c
DERIVATIONS — Computational
No. Answer Derivation
79. c
80. a
81. b $800,000 – $105,000 + $390,000 = $1,085,000.
82. d
83. a
84. b $750,000 – $105,000 + $454,000 = $1,099,000.
85. c $2,800 – $1,680 = $1,120.
86. c ($5,900 – $3,240) + $1,280 – $1,080 = $2,860.
87. d $2,266 + $646 – $2,750 = $162.
88. b $70,000 + $320,000 – $110,000 + $140,000 = $420,000.
89. b $70,000 + $280,000 – $110,000 + $140,000 = $380,000.
90. a $75,000 – $3,000 + $1,000 + $1,500 = $74,500.
91. c $480,000 + $140,000 – $60,000 = $560,000.
92. c $320,000 + $70,000 – $30,000 = $360,000.
93. a $285,000 ÷ ($150,000 + $100,000) = 1.14.
94. b $285,000 – $60,000 – $110,000 = $115,000.
95. c $800,000 ÷ $900,000 = 0.89.
96. d $150,000 ÷ $900,000 = 16.6%.
DERIVATIONS — CPA Adapted

97. d $19,000 + $6,000 + $16,000 + $30,000 + $2,000 = $73,000.
98. d $775,000 + [$2,695,000 – ($150,000 × 4)] + $2,085,000 = $4,955,000.
99. a $1,701,000 + ($654,000 – $525,000) + $20,000 = $1,850,000.
100. c $3,450,000 + $13,560,000 – $11,180,000 – ($1,179,000 – $525,000) =
$5,176,000.
101. b Conceptual.
102. c Conceptual.

103. a Conceptual.
104. d Conceptual.
105. b Conceptual.
106. c Conceptual.
BRIEF EXERCISES
BE. 5-107—Definitions.
Provide clear, concise answers for the following.
1. What are assets?
2. What are liabilities?
3. What is equity?
4. What are current liabilities?
5. Explain what working capital is and how it is computed.
6. What are intangible assets?
7. What are current assets?
Solution 5-107
1. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of
past transactions or events.
2. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations
of an entity as a result of past transactions or events.
3. Equity is the residual interest in the net assets of an entity.
4. Current liabilities are obligations that are expected to be liquidated through the use of current
assets or the creation of other current liabilities.
5. Working capital is the net amount of a company’s relatively liquid resources. It is the excess of
total current assets over total current liabilities.
6. Intangible assets are economic resources or competitive advantages. They lack physical
substance and have a high degree of uncertainty about the future benefits to be received.
7. Current assets are resources (future economic benefits) expected to be converted to cash,
sold, or consumed in one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer.
BE. 5-108—Terminology.
In the space provided at right, write the word or phrase that is defined or indicated.
1. Obligations expected to be liquidated 1.____________________________________

through use of current assets.
2. Statement showing financial condition at a 2.____________________________________

point in time.
3. Events that depend upon future outcomes. 3.____________________________________
4. Probable future sacrifices of economic 4.____________________________________

benefits.
5. Resources expected to be converted to 5.____________________________________

cash in one year or the operating cycle,
whichever is longer.
6. Resources of a durable nature used in 6.____________________________________

operations.
7. Economic rights or competitive advantages 7.____________________________________

which lack physical substance.
8. Probable future economic benefits. 8.____________________________________
9. Residual interest in the net assets of an 9.____________________________________

entity.
Solution 5-108
1. Current liabilities. 6. Property, plant, and equipment.
2. Balance sheet. 7. Intangible assets.
3. Contingencies. 8. Assets.
4. Liabilities. 9. Equity.
5. Current assets.
BE. 5-109—Current assets.

Define current assets without using the word "asset."
Solution 5-109
Current assets are resources (future economic benefits) expected to be converted to cash, sold,
or consumed in one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer.
EXERCISES
Ex. 5-110—Account classification.

ASSETS LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
a. Current assets f. Current liabilities
b. Investments g. Long-term liabilities
c. Plant and equipment h. Preferred stock
d. Intangibles i. Common stock
e. Other assets j. Additional paid-in capital
k. Retained earnings
l. Items excluded from balance sheet
Using the letters above, classify the following accounts according to the preferred and ordinary
balance sheet presentation.
_____ 1. Bond sinking fund

_____ 2. Common stock dividend distributable
_____ 3. Appropriation for plant expansion
_____ 4. Bank overdraft
_____ 5. Bonds payable (due 2017)
_____ 6. Premium on common stock
_____ 7. Securities owned by another company which are collateral for that company's note
_____ 8. Equity investments (trading)
_____ 9. Inventory
_____ 10. Discount on bonds payable
_____ 11. Patents
_____ 12. Unearned rent revenue
Solution 5-110
1. b 5. g 9. a
2. i 6. j 10. g
3. k 7. l 11. d
4. f 8. a 12. f
Ex. 5-111—Valuation of Balance Sheet Items.

Use the code letters listed below (a – l) to indicate, for each balance sheet item (1 – 13) listed
below the usual valuation reported on the balance sheet.
______ 1. Common stock ______ 8. Long-term bonds payable

______ 2. Prepaid insurance ______ 9. Land (in use)
______ 3. Natural resources ______ 10. Land (future plant site)
______ 4. Property, plant, and equipment ______ 11. Patents
______ 5. Accounts receivable ______ 12. Equity investments (trading)
______ 6. Copyrights ______ 13. Accounts payable
______ 7. Inventory
a. Par value
b. Current cost of replacement
c. Amount payable when due, less unamortized discount or plus unamortized premium
d. Amount payable when due
e. Market value at balance sheet date
f. Net realizable value
g. Lower of cost or market
h. Original cost less accumulated amortization
i. Original cost less accumulated depletion
j. Original cost less accumulated depreciation
k. Historical cost
l. Unexpired or unconsumed cost
Solution 5-111
1. a 6. h 11. h
2. l 7. g 12. e
3. i 8. c 13. d
4. j 9. k
5. f 10. k
Ex. 5-112—Balance sheet classifications.

Typical balance sheet classifications are as follows.
a. Current Assets g. Long-Term Liabilities
b. Investments h. Capital Stock
c. Plant Assets i. Additional Paid-In Capital
d. Intangible Assets j. Retained Earnings
e. Other Assets k. Notes to Financial Statements
f. Current Liabilities l. Not Reported on Balance Sheet
Indicate by use of the above letters how each of the following items would be classified on a
balance sheet prepared at December 31, 2014. If a contra account, or any amount that is
negative or opposite the normal balance, put parentheses around the letter selected. A letter may
be used more than once or not at all.
______ 16. Natural resource—timberlands
_____ 1. Accrued salaries and wages
______ 17. Deficit (no net income earned since
_____ 2. Rent revenues for 3 months
beginning of company)
collected in advance
______ 18. Goodwill
_____ 3. Land used as plant site
______ 19. 90 day notes payable
_____ 4. Equity securities classified as
trading
______ 20. Investment in bonds of another
company; will be held to 2017 maturity
_____ 5. Cash
______ 21. Land held for speculation
_____ 6. Accrued interest payable due in
30 days
______ 22. Death of company president
_____ 7. Premium on preferred stock issued
______ 23. Current maturity of bonds payable
_____ 8. Dividends in arrears on preferred
______ 24. Investment in subsidiary; no plans to
stock
sell in near future
_____ 9. Petty cash fund
______ 25. Accounts payable
_____ 10. Unamortized discount on bonds
______26. Preferred stock ($10 par)
payable due 2017
______27. Prepaid rent
_____ 11. Common stock at par value
______ 28. Copyright
_____ 12. Bond indenture covenants
______ 29. Accumulated amortization, patents
_____ 13. Unamortized premium on bonds
payable due in 2018
______ 30. Earnings not distributed to
stockholders
_____ 14. Allowance for doubtful accounts
_____ 15. Accumulated depreciation—

equipment
Solution 5-112
1. f 6. f 11. h 16. c 21. b 26. h
2. f 7. i 12. k 17. (j) 22. l 27. a
3. c 8. k 13. g 18. d 23. f 28. d
4. a 9. a 14. (a) 19. f 24. b 29. (d)
5. a 10. (g) 15. (c) 20. b 25. f 30. j

The various classifications listed below have been used in the past by Maris Company on its
balance sheet. It asks your professional opinion concerning the appropriate classification of each
of the items 1-14 below.
a. Current Assets f. Current Liabilities
b. Investments g. Long-Term Liabilities
c. Plant and Equipment h. Common Stock and Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par
d. Intangible Assets i. Retained Earnings
e. Other Assets
Indicate by letter how each of the following items should be classified. If an item need not be
reported on the balance sheet, use the letter "X." A letter may be used more than once or not at
all. If an item can be classified in more than one category, choose the category most favored by
the authors of your textbook.
_____ 1. Employees' payroll deductions.
_____ 2. Cash in sinking fund.
_____ 3. Rent revenue collected in advance.
_____ 4. Equipment retired from use and held for sale.
_____ 5. Patents.
_____ 6. Payroll cash fund.
_____ 7. Goods held on consignment.
_____ 8. Accrued revenue on short-term investments.
_____ 9. Advances to salespersons.
_____ 10. Premium on bonds payable due two years from date.
_____ 11. Bank overdraft.
_____ 12. Salaries which company budget shows will be paid to employees within the next year.
_____ 13. Work in process.
_____ 14. Appropriation for bonded indebtedness.

Solution 5-113
1. f 5. d 9. a 13. a
2. b 6. a 10. g 14. i
3. f 7. x 11. f
4. a or e 8. a 12. x

The various classifications listed below have been used in the past by Hale Company on its
balance sheet.
a. Current Assets e. Current Liabilities

b. Investments f. Long-term Liabilities
c. Plant and Equipment g. Common Stock and Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par
d. Intangible Assets h. Retained Earnings
Instructions
Indicate by letter how each of the items below should be classified at December 31, 2014. If an
item is not reported on the December 31, 2014 balance sheet, use the letter "X" for your answer.
If the item is a contra account within the particular classification, place parentheses around the
letter. A letter may be used more than once or not at all.
Sample question and answer:
(a) Allowance for doubtful accounts.
_____ 1. Customers' accounts with credit balances.
_____ 2. Bond sinking fund.
_____ 3. Salaries which the company's cash budget shows will be paid to employees in 2015.
_____ 4. Accumulated depreciation—equipment.
_____ 5. Appropriation for plant expansion.
_____ 6. Amortization of patents for 2014.
_____ 7. On December 31, 2014, Hale signed a purchase commitment to buy all of its raw
materials from Delta Company for the next 2 years.
_____ 8. Discount on bonds payable due March 31, 2017.
_____ 9. Launching of Hale’s Internet retailing division in February, 2015.
_____ 10. Cash dividends declared on December 15, 2014 payable to stockholders on January
15, 2015.
Solution 5-114
1. e 4. (c) 7. x 10. e
2. b 5. h 8. (f)
3. x 6. x 9. x
Ex. 5-115—Statement of cash flows.

For each event listed below, select the appropriate category which describes the effect of the
event on a statement of cash flows:
a. Cash provided/used by operating activities.
b. Cash provided/used by investing activities.
c. Cash provided/used by financing activities.
d. Not a cash flow.
_____ 1. Payment on long-term debt
_____ 2. Issuance of bonds at a premium
_____ 3. Collection of accounts receivable
_____ 4. Cash dividends declared
_____ 5. Issuance of stock to acquire land
_____ 6. Sale of available-for-sale securities (long-term)
_____ 7. Payment of employees' wages
_____ 8. Issuance of common stock for cash
_____ 9. Payment of income taxes payable
_____ 10. Purchase of equipment
_____ 11. Purchase of treasury stock (common)
_____ 12. Sale of real estate held as a long-term investment
Solution 5-115
1. c 4. d 7. a 10. b
2. c 5. d 8. c 11. c
3. a 6. b 9. a 12. b
Ex. 5-116—Statement of cash flows ratios.

Financial statements for Hilton Company are presented below:
Hilton Company
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2014
Assets Liabilities & Stockholders’ Equity
Cash $ 40,000 Accounts payable $ 20,000
Accounts receivable 35,000 Bonds payable 50,000
Buildings and equipment 150,000 Common stock 65,000
Accumulated depreciation— Retained earnings 60,000
buildings and equipment (50,000) $195,000
Patents 20,000
$195,000
Hilton Company
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2014
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income $55,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Increase in accounts receivable $(16,000)
Increase in accounts payable 8,000
Depreciation—buildings and equipment 15,000
Gain on sale of equipment (6,000)
Amortization of patents 2,000 3,000
Net cash provided by operating activities 58,000
Cash flows from investing activities
Sale of equipment 12,000
Purchase of land (25,000)
Purchase of buildings and equipment (48,000)
Net cash used by investing activities (61,000)
Cash flows from financing activities
Payment of cash dividend (15,000)
Sale of bonds 30,000
Net cash provided by financing activities 15,000
Net increase in cash 12,000
Cash, January 1, 2014 28,000
Cash, December 31, 2014 $40,000
At the beginning of 2014, Accounts Payable amounted to $12,000 and Bonds Payable was
$20,000.
Instructions
Calculate the following for Hilton Company:
a. Current cash debt coverage
b. Cash debt coverage
c. Free cash flow
d. Explain the purpose of free cash flow analysis.
Solution 5-116
Net cash provided by operating activities
a. Current cash debt coverage = ——————————————————
Average current liabilities
$58,000 $58,000
= ——————————— = ———— = 3.6 : 1
($12,000 + $20,000) ÷ 2 $16,000
Net cash provided by operating activities

b. Cash debt coverage = ——————————————————
Average total liabilities
$58,000 $58,000
= ——————————— = ———— = 1.1 : 1
($32,000 + $70,000) ÷ 2 $51,000
c. Free cash flow = Net cash provided by operating activities –

capital expenditures and dividends
= $58,000 – *$73,000 – $15,000 = $(30,000)
*$25,000 + $48,000
d. Free cash flow is net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures and
dividends. The purpose of free cash flow analysis is to determine the amount of discretionary
cash flow a company has for purchasing additional investments, retiring its debt, purchasing
treasury stock, or simply adding to its liquidity and financial flexibility.
PROBLEMS
Pr. 5-117—Balance sheet format.

The following balance sheet has been submitted to you by an inexperienced bookkeeper. List
your suggestions for improvements in the format of the balance sheet. Consider both terminology
deficiencies as well as classification inaccuracies.
Jasper Industries, Inc.
Balance Sheet
For the Period Ended 12/31/14
Assets
Fixed Assets—Tangible
Equipment $110,000
Less: reserve for depreciation (40,000) $ 70,000
Factory supplies 22,000
Land and buildings 400,000
Less: reserve for depreciation (150,000) 250,000
Plant site held for future use 90,000 $ 432,000
Current Assets
Accounts receivable 175,000
Cash 80,000
Inventory 220,000
Treasury stock (at cost) 20,000 495,000
Fixed Assets--Intangible
Goodwill 80,000
Notes receivable 40,000
Patents 26,000 146,000
Deferred Charges
Advances to salespersons 60,000
Prepaid rent 27,000
Returnable containers 75,000 162,000
TOTAL ASSETS $1,235,000
Liabilities
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable $140,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts 8,000
Common stock dividend distributable 35,000
Income tax payable 42,000
Sales tax payable 17,000 $ 242,000
Long-Term Liabilities, 5% debenture bonds, due 2017 500,000
Reserve for contingencies 150,000 650,000
TOTAL LIABILITIES 892,000
Equity
Capital stock, $10 par value, issued 12,000 shares with
60 shares held as treasury stock $150,000
Capital surplus 90,000
Dividends paid (20,000)
Earned surplus 123,000
TOTAL EQUITY 343,000
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY $1,235,000
Note 1. The reserve for contingencies has been created by charges to earned surplus and has
been established to provide a cushion for future uncertainties.
Note 2. The inventory account includes only items physically present at the main plant and
warehouse. Items located at the company's branch sales office amounting to $40,000
are excluded since the company has consistently followed this procedure for many
years.
Solution 5-117
1. The heading should be as of a specific date rather than for a period of time.
2. Reserve for Depreciation is poor terminology; the title Accumulated Depreciation is more
appropriate.
3. Land and buildings should be segregated into two accounts. The Accumulated Depreciation
account should only be reported for the buildings.
4. Plant site held for future use should be shown in the Investments section.
5. Current assets should be shown on the balance sheet first in most situations; current assets
are listed usually in order of liquidity; factory supplies should be shown as a current asset.
6. Treasury stock is not an asset, but a contra account to stockholders' equity in most situations.
7. Notes receivable should be reported as a current asset or an investment.
8. The deferred charge items should be reclassified as follows in most situations:
Advances to salespersons—current asset
Prepaid rent—current asset
Returnable containers—current asset
9. Allowance for doubtful accounts should be shown as a contra account to accounts
receivable.
10. Common stock dividend distributable should be shown in stockholders' equity.
11. 5% debenture bonds should be shown on a separate line.
12. Reserve for Contingencies should be shown as an appropriation of retained earnings. The
authors prefer the term "appropriation" to the term "reserve."
13. Capital stock should be shown at the par value of the shares issued, $120,000. Any excess
should be included in a paid-in capital account.
14. Capital surplus and earned surplus are poor terminology. The terms "additional paid-in
capital" and "retained earnings" are more appropriate.
15. The dividends paid title is a misnomer. It probably is a dividends declared item that should
be closed to retained earnings.
16. No reference in the body of the statement is made to the notes. The order of the notes is
wrong.
17. Note 2 indicates that the inventory account is understated by $40,000.
18. Specific identification and description of all significant accounting principles and methods
that involve selection from among alternatives and/or those that are peculiar to a given
industry should be disclosed in the annual report.
Pr. 5-118—Balance sheet presentation.

The following balance sheet was prepared by the bookkeeper for Kraus Company as of
December 31, 2014.
Kraus Company
Balance Sheet
as of December 31, 2014
Cash $ 95,000 Accounts payable $ 85,000

Accounts receivable (net) 52,200 Bonds payable 100,000
Inventory 62,000 Stockholders' equity 238,500
Investments 76,300
Equipment (net) 106,000
Patents 32,000
$423,500 $423,500
The following additional information is provided:

1. Cash includes the cash surrender value of a life insurance policy $9,400, and a bank
overdraft of $2,500 has been deducted.
2. The net accounts receivable balance includes:
(a) accounts receivable—debit balances $60,000;
(b) accounts receivable—credit balances $4,000;
(c) allowance for doubtful accounts $3,800.
3. Inventory does not include goods costing $3,000 shipped out on consignment. Receivables of
$3,000 were recorded on these goods.
4. Investments include investments in common stock, trading $19,000 and available-for-sale
$48,300, and franchises $9,000.
5. Equipment costing $5,000 with accumulated depreciation $4,000 is no longer used and is
held for sale. Accumulated depreciation on the other equipment is $40,000.
Instructions
Prepare a balance sheet in good form (stockholders' equity details can be omitted.)
Solution 5-118
Kraus Company
Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2014
Assets
Current assets
Cash $ 88,100 (1)
Trading securities 19,000
Accounts receivable $ 57,000 (2)
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts 3,800 53,200
Inventories 65,000 (3)
*Equipment held for sale 1,000 (4)
Total current assets 226,300
Investments
Available-for-sale securities 48,300
Cash surrender value 9,400 57,700
Property, plant, and equipment

Equipment 145,000 (5)
Less: accumulated depreciation 40,000 105,000
Intangible assets
Patents 32,000
Franchises 9,000 41,000
Total assets $430,000
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 89,000 (6)
Bank overdraft 2,500
Total current liabilities 91,500
Long-term liabilities
Bonds payable 100,000
Stockholders' equity 238,500

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $430,000
(1) ($95,000 – $9,400 + $2,500)

(2) ($60,000 – $3,000)
(3) ($62,000 + $3,000)
(4) ($5,000 – $4,000)
(5) ($106,000 + $40,000 – $5,000 + $4,000)
(6) ($85,000 + $4,000)
*An alternative is to show it as an other asset.

Pr. 5-119—Balance sheet presentation.

Given the following account information for Leong Corporation, prepare a balance sheet in report
form for the company as of December 31, 2014. All accounts have normal balances.
Equipment 60,000
Interest Expense 2,400
Interest Payable 600
Retained Earnings ?
Dividends 50,400
Land 137,320
Accounts Receivable 102,000
Bonds Payable 78,000
Notes Payable (due in 6 months) 29,400
Common Stock 70,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equip. 10,000
Prepaid Advertising 5,000
Service Revenue 341,400
Buildings 80,400
Supplies 1,860
Income Taxes Payable 3,000
Utilities Expense 1,320
Advertising Expense 1,560
Salaries and Wages Expense 53,040
Salaries and Wages Payable 900
Accumulated Depr. - Bld. 15,000
Cash 45,000
Depreciation Expense 8,000
Solution 5-119
Leong Corporation
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2014
Assets
Cash $ 45,000
Accounts Receivable 102,000
Supplies 1,860
Prepaid advertising 5,000
Total current assets $ 153,860
Land 137,320
Building $ 80,400
Accumulated depreciation - bld (15,000) 65,400
Equipment 60,000
Accumulated depreciation -eq (10,000) 50,000 252,720
Total assets $ 406,580
Liabilities & Stockholders' Equity

Notes payable $ 29,400
Taxes payable 3,000
Salaries and wages payable 900
Interest payable 600
Total current liabilities $ 33,900
Long-term liabilities
Bonds payable 78,000
Common stock 70,000
Retained earnings ($275,080*- $50,400) 224,680
Total stockholders' equity 294,680
Total liabilities & stockholders' equity $ 406,580
*$341,400 - $53,040 - $8,000 - $2,400 - $1,560 - $1,320

Pr. 5-120—Statement of cash flows preparation.

Selected financial statement information and additional data for Stanislaus Co. is presented
below. Prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ending December 31, 2014
December 31
2013 2014
Cash......................................................... $42,000 $65,000
Accounts receivable (net)........................ 84,000 144,200
Inventory.................................................. 168,000 206,600
Land......................................................... 58,800 21,000
Equipment................................................ 504,000 789,600
TOTAL..........................................$856,800 $1,226,400
Accumulated depreciation....................... $84,000 $115,600
Accounts payable..................................... 50,400 86,000
Notes payable - short-term...................... 67,200 29,400
Notes payable - long-term....................... 168,000 302,400
Common stock......................................... 420,000 487,200
Retained earnings.................................... 67,200 205,800
TOTAL..........................................$856,800 $1,226,400
Additional data for 2014:

1. Net income was $220,200.
2. Depreciation was $31,600.
3. Land was sold at its original cost.
4. Dividends of $81,600 were paid.
5. Equipment was purchased for $84,000 cash.
6. A long-term note for $201,600 was used to pay for an equipment purchase.
7. Common stock was issued to pay a $67,200 long-term note payable.
Solution 5-120
Stanislaus Co.
For the year ended December 31, 2014
Net Income $220,200

Cash flow from operating activities
Increase in accounts receivable (60,200)
Increase in inventory (38,600)
Decrease in short-term notes payable (37,800) (69,400)
Cash flow from investing activities

Purchase equipment (84,000)
Sale of land 37,800
Cash flow from financing activities

Payment of cash dividend (81,600)
Net cash used by financing activities (81,600)
Cash at beginning of year 42,000
Cash at end of the year 65,000
Noncash investing and financing activities

Payment of long-term note payable with issuance of $67,200 of common stock
Payment for equipment with issuance of $201,600 long-term note
Pr. 5-121—Statement of cash flows preparation.

Selected financial statement information and additional data for Johnston Enterprises is
presented below. Prepare a statement of cash flows for the year ending December 31, 2014
Johnston Enterprises
Balance Sheet and Income Statement Data
December 31, December 31,
2014 2013___
Current Assets:
Cash $143,000 $119,000
Accounts Receivable 228,000 306,000
Inventory 391,000 340,000
Total Current Assets 762,000 765,000
Property, Plant, and Equipment 1,261,000 1,122,000

Less: Accumulated Depreciation (476,000) (442,000)
Total Assets $1,547,000 $1,445,000
Current Liabilities:
Accounts Payable $187,000 $102,000
Notes Payable 51,000 68,000
Income Taxes Payable 85,000 76,500
Total Current Liabilities 323,000 246,500
Bonds Payable 350,000 391,000

Total Liabilities 673,000 637,500
Stockholders' Equity:
Common Stock 510,000 467,500
Retained Earnings 364,000 340,000
Total Stockholders' Equity 874,000 807,500
Total Liabilities & Stockholders' Equity $1,547,000 $1,445,000
Sales Revenue 1,615,000 $1,513,000

Less Cost of Goods Sold 781,000 731,000
Gross Profit 834,000 782,000
Expenses:
Depreciation Expense 153,000 136,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 391,000 357,000
Interest Expense 34,000 34,000
Loss on Sale of Equipment 12,000 0
Income Before Taxes 244,000 255,000
Less Income Tax Expense 98,000 102,000
Net Income $146,000 $153,000
Additional Information:
During the year, Johnston sold equipment with an original cost of $133,000 and accumulated
depreciation of $119,000 and purchased new equipment for $272,000.
Solution 5-121
Johnston Enterprises
For the Year Ended December 31, 2014
Net Income $ 146,000
Cash flow from operating activities

Loss on sale of equipment 12,000
Decrease in accounts receivable 78,000
Increase in inventory (51,000)
Decrease in notes payable (17,000)
Increase in tax payable 8,500 268,500
Cash flow from investing activities

Sale of equipment 2,000
Purchase of equipment (272,000)
Cash flow from financing activities

Retirement of bonds payable (41,000)
Issuance of common stock 42,500
Payment of dividends (122,000)**
Net cash used by financing activities (120,500)

Beginning cash 119,000
Cash at end of year $143,000
**Beginning R/E  Net income  Dividends  Ending R/E

$340,000  $146,000  Dividends  $364,000
Dividends  $122,000
IFRS QUESTIONS
True/False:
1. Although the presentation formats for the balance sheet and statement of cash flows are
similar under IFRS and U.S. GAAP, IFRS requires far more extensive disclosure.
2. One significant difference between a balance sheet prepared using IFRS rather than U.S.
GAAP is that long-term tangible assets may be reported at fair value rather than historical
cost.
3. Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP require that specific items be reported on the balance sheet.
4. Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP require current assets to be listed first on the balance sheet.
Answers to True/False:
1. False
2. True
3. False
4. False
Multiple Choice Questions:
5. Which of the following statements about IFRS and U.S. GAAP accounting and reporting
requirements for the balance sheet is not correct?
a. The presentation formats required by IFRS and U.S. GAAP for the balance sheet are
similar.
b. One difference between the reporting requirements under IFRS and those of
U.S. GAAP balance sheet is that an IFRS balance sheet may list long-term assets first.
c. Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP require that property, plant and equipment be reported at
historical cost on the balance sheet.
d. Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP require that comparative information be reported.
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
Franco Company uses IFRS and owns property, plant and equipment with a historical cost of
5,000,000 euros. At December 31, 2013, the company reported a valuation reserve of
8,565,000 euros. At December 31, 2014, the property, plant and equipment was appraised at
5,525,000 euros.
6. The property, plant and equipment will be reported on the December 31, 2014 statement of
financial position at
a. 5,000,000 euros.
b. 5,525,000 euros.
c. 8,565,000 euros.
d. 9,090,000 euros.
7. The valuation reserve at December 31, 2014 will be reported at

a. 8,040,000 euros on the Statement of Stockholders' Equity.
b. 8,565,000 euros in the Assets section of the Statement of Financial Position
c. 9,090,000 euros in the equity section of the Statement of Financial Position.
d. 525,000 euros on the Income Statement.
8. Similarities between IFRS and U.S. GAAP requirements for balance sheet presentation
include all of the following except:
a. Both require that changes to the valuation reserve be disclosed in the notes to the
financial statements.
b. Both require disclosure of significant accounting policies.
c. Both require the preparation of financial statements annually.
d. Both generally require the use of the current/ non-current classification for both assets and
liabilities.
9. Under IFRS, current assets are listed in:

a. the order of liquidity.
b. the reverse order of liquidity.
c. the ascending order of their balances.
d. the descending order of their balances.
10. Under IFRS, which of the following current assets will be listed last in a statement of financial
position?
a. Inventory
b. Accounts Receivable
c. Short-term Investments Cash
d. Cash
Answers to Multiple Choice:

5. c
6. b
7. c
8. a
9. b
10. d
IFRS Short Answer:
11. Briefly describe some of the similarities and differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRS with
respect to balance sheet reporting.
1. Among the similarities between U.S. and IFRS related to balance sheet presentation are as
follows:
 IAS 1 specifies minimum note disclosures. These must include information about
(1) accounting policies followed, (2) judgments that management has made in the
process of applying the entity’s accounting policies, and (3) the key assumptions
and estimation uncertainty that could result in a material adjustment to the carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
 Comparative prior-period information must be presented and financial statements
must be prepared annually.
 Current/non-current classification for assets and liabilities is normally required. In
general, post-balance sheet events are not considered in classifying items as
current or non-current.
Differences include (1) IFRS statements may report property, plant, and equipment first in
the balance sheet. Some companies report the sub-total “net assets”, which equals total
assets minus total liabilities. (2) While the use of the term “reserve” is discouraged in U.S.
GAAP, there is no such prohibition in IFRS.
12. Briefly describe the convergence efforts related to financial statement presentation.
2. The IASB and the FASB are working on a project to converge their standards related to
financial statement presentation. This joint project will establish a common, high-quality
standard for presentation of information in the financial statements, including the classification
and display of line items. A key feature of the proposed framework for financial statement
presentation is that each of the statements will be organized in the same format to separate an
entity’s financing activities from its operating and other activities (investing) and further
separates financing activities into transactions with owners and creditors. Thus, the same
classifications used in the balance sheet would also be used in the income statement and the
statement of cash flows.

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CHAPTER 5

BALANCE SHEET AND STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

MULTIPLE CHOICE—Conceptual (cont.)

MULTIPLE CHOICE—CPA Adapted

E5-114 Balance sheet classifications.

CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES

29. The net assets of a business are equal to

30. The correct order to present current assets is

34. Which of the following is a current asset?

35. Current assets are presented in the balance sheet in

36. Receivables are valued based on their ________.

37. When a portion of inventories has been pledged as security on a loan,

38. Which of the following is not a long-term investment?

39. A generally accepted method of valuation is

40. Which item below is not a current liability?

41. Working capital is

42. An example of an item which is not an element of working capital is

43. Long-term liabilities include

44. Which of the following should be excluded from long-term liabilities?

45. Treasury stock should be reported as a(n)

46. Which of the following should be reported for capital stock?

49. Which of the following is not an acceptable major asset classification?

c. Cash received as repayment for funds loaned.

62. The current cash debt coverage is often used to assess

63. A measure of a company’s financial flexibility is the

b. current cash debt coverage.

68. Level 1 of fair value hierarchy measures are based on:

a. the cost flow assumption used

73. Which of the following is not a method of disclosing pertinent information?

74. Significant accounting policies may not be

Multiple Choice Answers—Conceptual

80. For Grimmett Company, the following information is available:

82. Kohler Company owns the following investments:

83. For Randolph Company, the following information is available:

85. Presented below are data for Antwerp Corp.

86. Presented below are data for Bandkok Corp.

87. Presented below are data for Caracas Corp.

88. Lohmeyer Corporation reports:

89. Keisler Corporation reports:

91. Harding Corporation reports the following information:

92. Sauder Corporation reports the following information:

93. Packard Corporation reports the following information:

94. Packard Corporation reports the following information:

Multiple Choice Answers—Computational

MULTIPLE CHOICE—CPA Adapted

Use the following information for questions 98 through 100.

In Reese's December 31, 2014 balance sheet,

98. The current assets total is

99. The current liabilities total is

Multiple Choice Answers—CPA Adapted

DERIVATIONS — CPA Adapted

No. Answer Derivation

2. What are liabilities?

4. What are current liabilities?

5. Explain what working capital is and how it is computed.

6. What are intangible assets?

7. What are current assets?

3. Equity is the residual interest in the net assets of an entity.

1. Obligations expected to be liquidated 1.____________________________________

1. Common stock 8. Long-term bonds payable