MUNICIPALITY OF MAKILALA

MAKILALA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

ETHICS
NAME: _____________________________________________ DATE: ______________
YR/COURSE/SEC: _____________________
INSTRUCTOR: MS. KAZANDRA NINA B. PEJANER

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: This is your Final examination that requires you to comprehensively read each question and choose the best answer for each number.
CHEATING IS NOT ALLOWED. Anyone that is caught cheating is subject to punishments from the Department and will automatically get a grade of 5.0 for this
examination. PLEASE BE HONEST IN ANSWERING YOUR EXAMINATION. 

TEST I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the best answer and write it on the space provided on each number.
_____ 1. Which of the following ethical theories argues for the goodness of pleasure and the determination of right behavior based on the usefulness
of the action’s consequences?
a. Virtue Ethics b. Deontology c. Utilitarianism d. Natural Law
_____ 2. Which of the following ethical theories emphasizes the end or purpose of human existence?
a. Virtue Ethics b. Deontology c. Utilitarianism d. Natural Law
_____ 3. Which of the following ethical theories looks at the virtue or moral character of the person carrying out an action, rather than at ethical
duties and rules, or the consequences of particular actions?
a. Virtue Ethics b. Deontology c. Utilitarianism d. Natural Law
_____ 4. Which of the following ethical theories where you can't justify an action by showing that it produced good consequences, and is sometimes
called 'non-Consequentialist'?
a. Virtue Ethics b. Deontology c. Utilitarianism d. Natural Law

TEST II. ENUMERATION/IDENTIFICATION. List down the appropriate answers needed in the following concepts.
A. Enumerate the three (3) Cardinal Virtues B. Enumerate three (3) moral rules Deontologists live by in this Universe
5. Prudence 8. It is wrong to steal
6. Justice 9. It is wrong to tell lies
7. Temperance 10. It is right to keep promise

TEST III. ESSAY. Write a short answer to the following questions below. Please refer on the box for the rating system. 10 points each number. Use
the back of this paper to answer the following situations.
Scoring Rubrics
5pts. 4pts. 3pts. 2pts. 1pt.
50% (5pts) Content Contains all the Contains all the Contains some Lacks important Contains irrelevant
important points and important points but important points points and points and irrelevant
supported by specific lacks some and some supporting details, supporting details,
details, analysis, and supporting details, supporting details, analysis, and analysis, and
examples. analysis, and analysis, and examples. examples.
examples. examples.
30% (3pts.) Organization Sentences are Sentences are not Sentences are not
logically so logically logically organized,
organized, has organized, not so has unclear focus and
very clear focus clear focus and difficult to follow.
and can easily be cannot be
followed. followed easily.
20% (2pts.) Grammar Contains some Contains many
grammatical grammatical errors.
errors..
Total:
100% (10pts)

11-20. You are a passenger on a ship sailing across the ocean. Suddenly, your ship was overtaken by a powerful storm. You escape to a lifeboat with
25 other passengers. You notice that four of the passengers are badly injured, and unlikely to survive for more than a week. You also know that the
lifeboat has enough food and water to sustain 22 passengers only. Some of the passengers are considering throwing the four injured passengers
overboard in order to save the other survivors. If you were a natural law theorist, how would you solve this ethical dilemma?

My first priority as a natural law theorist is to assist those who have been injured. We cannot defeat human exile, even if they have the least
chance of survival. I'll prioritize feeding the injured and leave the rest to those who are still hungry. Prioritizing those in need is just as important
as saving people's lives, even in the most difficult of times. We must consider what is important and right for the people around us in order to
find a solution to this dilemma. It is not a difficulty to keep the injured ones in the boat if everyone agrees and has the same purpose and
convictions about what is the correct thing to do. Also, make significant food and other readily available needed discounts.
21-30. You are a police officer. Your best friend who is a murderer asked for your help to cover up his mess. Unfortunately, you are one of the
officers assigned to arrest him. Using deontological ethics in deciding this situation, what would you prefer to do?

As a police officer, I will not tolerate my best friend's wrongdoing. Even though he is my best friend, killing is wrong, and as a deontology
theorist, I must uphold my responsibilities as a peace officer.

31-40. A judge is going to decide whether to send the murderer to prison or not. The judge knows that the convict will not commit violent crimes
anymore, and wants to be lenient since he is already old and terminally ill. He also knows that this will make the convict very happy, not to mention
his family and friends. Imagine that the victim’s family has forgiven the convict and will not feel pain if the judge decided to free the convict. If you
are a utilitarian thinker, what would be your decision as a judge?

If there's nothing wrong with letting go of this suspect, I would use my power to free him and give him the time that is left for him to live.
Being a judge is a great responsibility that requires one to look deeply into crimes. Who will they be found guilty or not guilty of? Encountering
this rare situation, I would use my power to analyze as well as think of a way that could help the suspect without hurting the feelings or egos of
the victim's family and relatives. He is terminally ill and will not live long, especially in his current situation. I could not behave in my
consciousness if I chose to abide by the law.

41-50. Robin Hood’s basic ethical principle, to steal from the rich and giving it to the poor, appears to be the utilitarian approach. This is because he
is doing an action that may not be intrinsically a ‘right’ action but does create the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Therefore, utilitarian
ethical theory considered Robin Hood’s action as ethically good but what would be the stand of deontology on this case?

This well-known fiction really captures the hearts of the readers as well as possibly inspires other people with its rare way of helping people in
need. But in line with deontology, it is not right to steal, even if you steal from the rich to help the poor. Stealing property is considered bad, even
with a good intention. If you are virtuously inclined, there are a lot of ways to help without hurting or aggravating other people.