Module 4

Full name:

Course and Year Level:

Date Submitted:

Problems Encountered:

Prepared by: JESON S. PAGLINAWAN

ACT TEACHER

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 1______________________

Module Overview
Welcome! This module we will discuss the Control Structure in Java. In lesson 1 we discuss
Java Switch Statement, what is switch statement?
A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for
equality against a list of values. Each value is called a
case, and the variable being switched on is checked for
each case. Lesson 2 Java while loop. Java while loop is
a control flow statement that allows code to be
executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean
condition. ... If the condition evaluates to true then we
will execute the body of the loop and go to update expression.
Lesson 3 Java For Loop, Loops are used to execute a set of statements repeatedly until a
particular condition is satisfied. In Java we have three types of basic loops: for, while and do-
while. In this tutorial we will learn how to use “for loop” in Java.

Objectives
At the end of this module, you should be able to:
• Learn syntax in switch statement and able to read and write
• Learn syntax in java do-while loop and able to read and write
• Knowledgeable to read and write for loop

Control Structures
Lesson 1: Java Switch Statements
Lesson 2: Java While Loop
Lesson 3: Java For Loop

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Lesson 1

Java Switch Statements

Introduction
Time Frame
The switch statement is a multi-way branch statement. It provides an 2 Hours Lecture
easy way to dispatch execution to different parts of code based on the 3 Hours Laboratory
value of the expression. Basically, the expression can be byte, short,
char, and int primitive data types. Objectives
Another way to indicate a branch is through the switch keyword. The At the end of this lesson, you will be able
switch construct allows branching on multiple outcomes. to:
The switch statement has the form,
• Use decision control structures
(switch) which allows selection of
switch( switch_expression ){
case case_selector1: specific
statement1; // sections of code to be executed
statement2; //block 1
. . . //
break;
case case_selector2:
statement1; // Coding Guidelines:
statement2; //block 2 1.Deciding whether to use an if statement or a switch statement
. . . // is a judgment call. You
break; can decide which to use, based on readability and other factors.
. . . 2. An if statement can be used to make decisions based on
default: ranges of values or
conditions, whereas a switch statement can make decisions
statement1; //
based only on a single
statement2; //block n integer or character value. Also, the value provided to each case
. . . // statement must be
break; unique.
} Note: Read & Understand
where, switch_expression is an integer or character expression and, case_selector1,
case_selector2 and so on, are unique integer or character constants.
When a switch is encountered, Java first evaluates the switch_expression, and jumps to
the case whose selector matches the value of the expression. The program executes the
statements in order from that point on until a break statement is encountered, skipping
then to the first statement after the end of the switch structure.
If none of the cases are satisfied, the default block is executed. Take note however, that
the default part is optional. A switch statement can have no default block.
NOTES:
• Unlike with the if statement, the multiple statements are executed in the switch
statement without needing the curly braces.
• When a case in a switch statement has been matched, all the statements associated
with that case are executed. Not only that, the statements associated with the
succeeding cases are also executed. Computer Programming 1
• To prevent the program from executing statements in the subsequent cases, we use a
break statement as our last statement.
 Module 4

ACTIVITY #1
Example for switch

public class Grade

{
public static void main(
String[] args )
{
int grade = 92;
switch(grade){
case 100:
System.out.println(
"Excellent!" );
break;
case 90:
System.out.println("Good
job!" );
break;
case 80:
System.out.println("Study
harder!" );
break;
default:
System.out.println("Sorry,
you failed.");
Figure 6.4: Flowchart of Switch Statements }
}
}

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Switch Statements Flow chart

A Simple Switch Case Example

Explanation: In switch I gave an
public class SwitchCaseExample1 { ACTIVITY # 2
expression, you can give variable
public static void main(String args[]){ also. I gave num+2, where num
int num=2;
value is 2 and after addition the
switch(num+2)
{ expression resulted 4. Since there
case 1: is no case defined with value 4
System.out.println("Case1: Value is: "+num);
case 2: the default case got executed.
System.out.println("Case2: Value is: "+num); This is why we should use default
case 3:
System.out.println("Case3: Value is: "+num); in switch case, so that if there is
default: no catch that matches the
System.out.println("Default: Value is: "+num);
}
Computer Programming 1 condition, the default block gets
} executed.
}
 Module 4

Switch Case Flow Diagram

First the variable, value or expression which is provided in the switch parenthesis is evaluated and
then based on the result, the corresponding case block is executed that matches the result.

Break statement in Switch Case

Break statement is optional in switch case but you

would use it almost every time you deal with switch
case. Before we discuss about break statement, Let’s
have a look at the example below where I am not
using the break statement:
ACTIVITY # 3
public class SwitchCaseExample2 {

public static void main(String args[]){

int i=2;
switch(i)
{
case 1:
System.out.println("Case1 ");
case 2:
System.out.println("Case2 ");
case 3:
System.out.println("Case3 ");
case 4:
System.out.println("Case4 ");
default:
System.out.println("Default ");
}
}
} Output:
Case2
Case3
Case4
Default
NOTE:
In the above program, we have passed integer value 2 to
the switch, so the control switched to the case 2, however
we don’t have break statement after the case 2 that caused
the flow to pass to the subsequent cases till the end. The
solution to this problem is break statement

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Break statements are used when you want your program-flow to come out of the
switch body. Whenever a break statement is encountered in the switch body, the
execution flow would directly come out of the switch, ignoring rest of the cases

Let’s take the same example but this time with break statement.

Example with break statement

Read & Understand
public class SwitchCaseExample2 {

public static void main(String args[]){ This is how it works:

int i=2;
switch(i) ACTIVITY # 4 1.The switch expression is evaluated once.
{
case 1:
2.The value of the expression is compared with the
System.out.println("Case1 ");
break; values of each case.
case 2:
System.out.println("Case2 "); 3.If there is a match, the associated block of code is
break; executed.
case 3:
System.out.println("Case3 "); 4.The break statement is used inside the switch to
break; terminate a statement sequence. When a break
case 4:
statement is reached, the switch terminates, and the
System.out.println("Case4 ");
break; flow of control jumps to the next line following the
default: switch statement.
System.out.println("Default ");
} 5. The default statement is optional. Even if the switch
} case statement do not have a default statement, it
} would run without any problem.
Output:
Case2
Note:
Now you can see that only case 2 had been
executed, rest of the cases were ignored.

Why didn’t I use break statement after default?

The control would itself come out of the switch after default so I didn’t use it, however if you still
want to use the break after default then you can use it, there is no harm in doing that.

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Direction: Write your answer in a NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application and screenshots your Java code
and Output, and don’t forget to write your Complete name in a Java comment type just like this
example: //Jeson Paglinawan ACT1 Lesson 1

1. Write a Java program using AIDE or NetBeans app the following examples above from Activity # 1
to Activity # 4. Explain each Activities, take note: Your own thoughts/idea so that I can determine
what you learned.

Direction: Write in your NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application the following and Screenshot
your code/program, output and don’t forget to write your name in a Java comment just like
this example// Juan Dela Cruz ACT1-Application Lesson 1

1. Write a java program that can

display/output: Excellent!, Good Job!, Study harder! , or Sorry, you failed.
Note: It depends on the grade of the student.
Important: Use Switch Statement

Example: Student has grade of 90

Expected Output: Excellent!

2. Explain your code/program, so that I determine what you learned.

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Lesson 2

Java do-while Loop

Introduction Time Frame
Repetition control structures are Java statements that 2 Hours Lecture
allows us to execute specific blocks of code a number of 3 Hours Laboratory
times. There are three types of repetition control
Objectives
structures, the while, do-while and for loops.
At the end of this lesson, you will be
while loop able to:
The while loop is a statement or block of statements that • Use repetition control
is repeated as long as some structures (while, do-while)
condition is satisfied. which allow executing
specific sections of code a
The while statement has the form,
number of times
while( boolean_expression ){

statement1;

statement2;

...

The statements inside the while loop are executed as long as the boolean_expression evaluates to true.

For example, given the code snippet, Read & Analyze

Iteration Variable Condition Action
int i = 4; ACTIVITY # 1 i>0
1st i=4 true 4 is printed. 4 is decreased to 3.
while ( i > 0 ){
2nd i=3 true 3 is printed. 3 is decreased to 2.
System.out.print(i);
3rd i=2 true 2 is printed. 2 is decreased to 1.
i--; 4th i=1 true 1 is printed. 1 is decreased to 0.
5th i=0 false The loop is terminated.
}
The sample code shown will print 4321 on the screen. Take note that if the line containing the statement i--; is
removed, this will result to an infinite loop, or a loop that does not terminate. Therefore, when using while
loops or any kind of repetition control structures, make sure that you add some statements that will allow your
loop to terminate at some point.
Computer Programming 1
 Module 4
do-while loop

The do-while loop is similar to the while-loop. The

statements inside a do-while loop are
The following are other examples of while loops, executed several times as long as the condition is
satisfied.
Example 1: ACTIVITY # 2
int x = 0; The main difference between a while and do-while loop is
while (x<10)// value of x=0<10=True that, the statements inside a
{ do-while loop are executed at least once.
System.out.println(x); //value of x=0 The do-while statement has the form,
x++; // value of x=0+1=1 do{
} //Output:0123456789 statement1;
Example 2: statement2;
//infinite loop ACTIVITY # 3
...
while(true) }while( boolean_expression );
System.out.println(“hello”);
The statements inside the do-while loop are first
Example 3: executed, and then the condition in the
ACTIVITY # 4
//no loops boolean_expression part is evaluated. If this evaluates to
// statement is not even executed true, the statements inside the
while (false) do-while loop are executed again.
System.out.println(“hello”);

Here are a few examples that uses the do-while loop:

Coding Guidelines:
Example 1:
1.Common programming int x = 0;
mistakes when using the do
do-while loop is forgetting ACTIVITY # 5
{
to write System.out.println(x);
the semi-colon after the x++;
while expression. }while (x<10);
do{
This example will output 0123456789 on the screen.
... Example 2:
}while(boolean_expression) //infinite loop
//WRONG->forgot semicolon do{
; System.out.println(“hello”);
2. Just like in while loops, } while (true);
make sure that your do-
This example will result to an infinite loop, that prints hello on screen.
while loops will terminate
Example 3:
at some //one loop
point. // statement is executed once
do
System.out.println(“hello”);
while (false);
This example will output hello on the screen.

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Java While Loop

The Java while loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the number of iteration
is not fixed, it is recommended to use while loop.

Syntax:
1. while(condition){
2. //code to be executed
3. }

1. public class WhileExample {

2. public static void main(String[]
args) {
3. int i=1;
4. while(i<=10){
5. System.out.println(i);
6. i++;
7. }
8. } ACTIVITY # 6
9. }

Output:
Read & Analyze
1 Iteration Variable Condition Action
2 i<=10
3 1st i=1 true 1 is printed. 1 is increased to 2.
4 2nd i=2 true 2 is printed. 2 is increased to 3.
5 3rd i=3 true 3 is printed. 3 is increased to 4.
6 4th i=4 true 4 is printed. 4 is increased to 5.
7
5th i=5 true 5 is printed. 5 is increased to 6.
8
9 6th i=6 true 6 is printed. 6 is increased to 7.
10 7th i=7 true 7 is printed. 7 is increased to 8.
8th i=8 true 8 is printed. 8 is increased to 9.
9th i=9 true 9 is printed. 9 is increased to 10.
10th i=10 true 10 is printed. 10 is increased to 11.
11th i=11 false The loop is terminated

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Direction: Write your answer in a NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application and screenshots your Java code
and Output, and don’t forget to write your Complete name in a Java comment type just like this
example: //Jeson Paglinawan ACT1 Lesson 2

1. Write a Java program using AIDE or NetBeans app the following examples above from Activity # 1
to Activity # 6. Explain each Activities, take note: Your own thoughts/idea so that I can determine
what you learned.

Direction: Write in your NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application the following and Screenshot your
code/program, output and don’t forget to write your name in a Java comment just like this
example// Juan Dela Cruz ACT1-Application Lesson 2

1. Write a java program that can display/Output your name five times. Using while loop and with do-
while loop.
Example Output: // while loop Example Output: // do-while loop
Juan Dela Cruz Juan Dela Cruz
Juan Dela Cruz Juan Dela Cruz
Juan Dela Cruz Juan Dela Cruz
Juan Dela Cruz Juan Dela Cruz
Juan Dela Cruz Juan Dela Cruz

2. Explain your code/program, so that I determine what you learned.

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Lesson 3

Java For Loop

Introduction Time Frame
2 Hours Lecture
Loops are used to execute a set of statements 3 Hours Laboratory
repeatedly until a particular condition is satisfied. In
Objectives
Java we have three types of basic loops: for, while and
do-while. In this tutorial we will learn how to use “for At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
loop” in Java. • Use repetition control structures (for
Syntax of for loop: loop) which allow executing
specific sections of code a number of
for(initialization; condition ;
times
increment/decrement)
{
statement(s);
}

Flow of Execution of the for Loop First step: In for loop, initialization happens
As a program executes, the interpreter always keeps track first and only one time, which means that
of which statement is about to be executed. We call this the initialization part of for loop only
the control flow, or the flow of execution of the program. executes once.

Second step: Condition in for loop is

evaluated on each iteration, if the
condition is true then the statements inside
for loop body gets executed. Once the
condition returns false, the statements in
for loop does not execute and the control
gets transferred to the next statement in
the program after for loop.

Third step: After every execution of for loop’s

body, the increment/decrement part of for
loop executes that updates the loop counter.

Fourth step: After third step, the control jumps

Computer Programming 1to second step and condition is re-evaluated.
 Module 4
In the program:
int i=1 is initialization
Example of Simple For loop expression
ACTIVITY # 1
class ForLoopExample { i>1 is condition(Boolean
expression)
public static void main(String args[]){
for(int i=10; i>1; i--){
i– Decrement operation
System.out.println("The value of i is: "+i);
} Iteration Variable Condition Action Read & Analyze
} i>1
} The output of this program is: 1st i = 10 true 10 is printed. 10 is decreased to 9.
2nd i=9 true 9 is printed. 9 is decreased to 8.
The value of i is: 10
3rd i=8 true 8 is printed. 8 is decreased to 7.
The value of i is: 9
The value of i is: 8 4th i=7 true 7 is printed. 7 is decreased to 6.
The value of i is: 7 5th i=6 true 6 is printed. 6 is decreased to 5.
The value of i is: 6 6th i=5 true 5 is printed. 5 is decreased to 4.
The value of i is: 5 7th i=4 true 4 is printed. 4 is decreased to 3.
The value of i is: 4 8th i=3 true 3 is printed. 3 is decreased to 2.
The value of i is: 3 9th i=2 true 2 is printed. 2 is decreased to 1.
The value of i is: 2 10th i=1 false The loop is terminated

The for loop, like the previous loops, allows

execution of the same code a number of times.
The for loop has the form,

for (InitializationExpression; LoopCondition; StepExpression){

statement1;
statement2; where,
... InitializationExpression -initializes the loop variable. LoopCondition - compares the
}
loop variable to some limit value.
StepExpression - updates the loop variable.
A simple example of the for loop is,
int i;
for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ){
System.out.print(i);
}
In this example, the statement i=0, first initializes our variable. After that, the
condition expression i<10 is evaluated. If this evaluates to true, then the statement
inside the for loop is executed. Next, the expression i++ is executed, and then the
condition expression is again evaluated. This goes on and on, until the condition
expression evaluates to false.
This example, is equivalent to the while loop shown below,
int i = 0;
while( i < 10 ){
System.out.print(i);
i++; Computer Programming 1
}
 Module 4

Java For Loop

The Java for loop is used to iterate a part of the program several times. If the number of iteration
is fixed, it is recommended to use for loop.

There are three types of for loops in java.

Java Simple For Loop

A simple for loop is the same as C/C++. We can initialize the variable, check condition and
increment/decrement value. It consists of four parts:
1. Initialization: It is the initial condition which is executed once when the loop starts. Here, we can
initialize the variable, or we can use an already initialized variable. It is an optional condition.
2. Condition: It is the second condition which is executed each time to test the condition of the loop. It
continues execution until the condition is false. It must return boolean value either true or false. It is
an optional condition.
3. Statement: The statement of the loop is executed each time until the second condition is false.
4. Increment/Decrement: It increments or decrements the variable value. It is an optional condition.

Syntax: 1. //Java Program to demonstrate the example of for loop

2. //which prints table of 1
1. for(initialization;condition;incr/decr){ ACTIVITY # 2
3. public class ForExample {
2. //statement or code to be executed
4. public static void main(String[] args) {
3. }
5. //Code of Java for loop
Output:
Flowchart: 6. for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
7. System.out.println(i); 1
8. } 2
9. }
3
4
10. }
5
Iteration Variable Condition Action 6
i <= 10 7
1st i=1 true 1 is printed. 1 is increased to 2. 8
2nd i=2 true 2 is printed. 1 is increased to 3.
9
10
3rd i=3 true 3 is printed. 1 is increased to 4.
4th i=4 true 4 is printed. 1 is increased to 5.
5th i=5 true 5 is printed. 1 is increased to 6.
6th i=6 true 6 is printed. 1 is increased to 7.
7th i=7 true 7 is printed. 1 is increased to 8.
8th i=8 true 8 is printed. 1 is increased to 9.
9th i=9 true 9 is printed. 1 is increased to 10.
10th i = 10 true 10 is printed. 1 is increased to 11.
11th
Computeri =Programming
11 false
1 The loop is terminated
 Module 4

Java for Loop

Java for loop is used to run a block of code for a certain number of times. The syntax
of for loop is:

for (initialExpression; testExpression; updateExpression) {

// body of the loop
}

Here,

1. The initialExpression initializes and/or declares variables and executes only

once.
2. The condition is evaluated. If the condition is true , the body of the for loop is
executed.
3. The updateExpression updates the value of initialExpression.
4. The condition is evaluated again. The process continues until
the condition is false .

Example 1: Display a Text Five Times

// Program to print a text 5 times

ACTIVITY # 3
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int n = 5;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
System.out.println("Java is fun");
}
}
}
Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Computer Programming 1
Java is fun
Flowchart of Java for loop
 Module 4
Explanation for Example 1: Display a Text Five Times

Here is how this program works.

Iteration Variable Condition: i <= n Action

1st i = 1 true Java is fun is printed.
n = 5 i is increased to 2.
2nd i = 2 true Java is fun is printed.
n = 5 i is increased to 3.
3rd i = 3 true Java is fun is printed.
n = 5 i is increased to 4.
4th i = 4 true Java is fun is printed.
n = 5 i is increased to 5.
5th i = 5 true Java is fun is printed.
n = 5 i is increased to 6.
6th i = 6 false The loop is terminated.
n = 5

Example 2: Display numbers from 1 to 5 Here is how the program works.

// Program to print numbers from 1 to 5 Iteration Variable Condition: Action

i <= n
ACTIVITY # 4 1st i = 1 true 1 is printed.
class Main {
n = 5 i is
public static void main(String[] args) {
increased to
2.
int n = 5;
2nd i = 2 true 2 is printed.
// for loop n = 5 i is
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { increased to
System.out.println(i); 3.
} 3rd i = 3 true 3 is printed.
} n = 5 i is
Output:
} increased to
1 4.
4th i = 4 true 4 is printed.
2 n = 5 i is
3 increased to
4 5.
5 5th i = 5 true 5 is printed.
n = 5 i is
increased to
6.
6th i = 6 false The loop is
Computer Programming 1 n = 5 terminated.
 Module 4

Direction: Write your answer in a NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application and screenshots your
Java code and Output, and don’t forget to write your Complete name in a Java comment
type just like this example: //Jeson Paglinawan ACT1 Lesson 3

1. Write a Java program using AIDE or NetBeans app the following examples above from
Activity # 1 to Activity # 4. Explain each Activities, take note: Your own thoughts/idea so that
I can determine what you learned.

Direction: Write in your NetBeans 8.2 or AIDE application the following and Screenshot
your code/program, output and don’t forget to write your name in a Java comment just
like this example// Juan Dela Cruz ACT1-Application Lesson 3
1. Write a Java program that can display/Output your Full name course and
year in a 8 times. Using For Loop, and Explain? Expected Output: Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
2. Write a java program that can display/Output Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
numbers from 5 to 1. Using for loop, and Explain? Juan Dela Cruz Act 1
Hint: Use decrement
Expected Output: 5
Example: x- -;
4
3
2
1

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Reference:
https://www.programiz.com/java-programming/do-while-loop
Useful Resources:
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_while_loop.asp https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcwWlasmLWs
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java/switch_statement_in_jav https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OGlp3J6drs
a.htm#:~:text=Advertisements,is%20checked%20for%20each% https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QneahuoJ41A
20case. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-WHCK68t2I
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/java-while-loop-with- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYqeVgtXa1I
examples/#:~:text=Java%20while%20loop%20is%20a,on%20a% https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6djggrlkHY8
20given%20Boolean%20condition. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8GcFboF2rM
&text=If%20the%20condition%20evaluates%20to,and%20go% https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aaL-mc2BLSI
20to%20update%20expression. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAl0umTfW4U
https://beginnersbook.com/2015/03/for-loop-in-java-with- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cakN0XC6CcQ
example/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GwcisLY5avc
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/switch-statement-in-
java/#:~:text=The%20switch%20statement%20is%20a,and%20i
nt%20primitive%20data%20types.
https://www.javatpoint.com/java-for-loop
https://www.programiz.com/java-programming/do-while-loop
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_switch.asp
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_while_loop.asp
https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_for_loop.asp

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Answer Sheet

Computer Programming 1
 Module 4

Answer Sheet

Computer Programming 1