Skid Steer Help

2 Skid Steer Help

Table of Contents
Foreword 0

Part I Introduction 4
1 Error Codes
................................................................................................................................... 4

SC to + at .......................................................................................................................................................... 11

SC to - at .......................................................................................................................................................... 11

OC at .......................................................................................................................................................... 11

No Signal .......................................................................................................................................................... 12

Signal out of range

..........................................................................................................................................................
HI at 12

Signal out of range

..........................................................................................................................................................
Low at 12

Signal Com pare

..........................................................................................................................................................
Failure 12

Pow er Supply..........................................................................................................................................................
Over Voltage at 13

Uncom m anded
..........................................................................................................................................................
Motion 13

Missing Calibration
.......................................................................................................................................................... 13
2 Electrical Items
................................................................................................................................... 13

Aux Thum b Wheel

.......................................................................................................................................................... 15

ESOS .......................................................................................................................................................... 16

Fuel Sender .......................................................................................................................................................... 16

Hydraulic Oil Tem

..........................................................................................................................................................
p Sender 17

Fan Solenoid .......................................................................................................................................................... 19

High Flow Solenoid

.......................................................................................................................................................... 21

Charge Pum p..........................................................................................................................................................

Transducer 22

Parallel Lift Solenoid

.......................................................................................................................................................... 23

Im plem ent Pilot

..........................................................................................................................................................
Solenoid 24

Loader Solenoids
.......................................................................................................................................................... 25

Quick Hitch .......................................................................................................................................................... 26

Water Tem p Sender/Sw

..........................................................................................................................................................
itch 27

SRS Solenoid .......................................................................................................................................................... 28

Tw o-Speed Solenoid
.......................................................................................................................................................... 29

Turn Signal .......................................................................................................................................................... 29

Transm ission..........................................................................................................................................................
Pilot Solenoid 31

Float Transducer
.......................................................................................................................................................... 32

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 Contents 3

Transm ission..........................................................................................................................................................
Solenoids 33

Oil pressure sw
..........................................................................................................................................................
itch 34

Parkbrake Transducer
.......................................................................................................................................................... 34

Glow Plug Relay

.......................................................................................................................................................... 35

Starter Relay .......................................................................................................................................................... 36

Reverse Alarm
.......................................................................................................................................................... 37

Brake Light .......................................................................................................................................................... 38

Air Tem p Sensors

.......................................................................................................................................................... 39

Reversing Fan..........................................................................................................................................................
Solenoid 40

Fuel Pum p Motor

.......................................................................................................................................................... 41

D+ Term inal .......................................................................................................................................................... 42

Wheel Speed ..........................................................................................................................................................

Sensors 43

Hand Throttle.......................................................................................................................................................... 43

Foot Throttle .......................................................................................................................................................... 44

Arm Rest / Lap

..........................................................................................................................................................
Bar Sw itches 45

Air Filter Sw itch

.......................................................................................................................................................... 46

PWM .......................................................................................................................................................... 47

Index 0

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3
 4 Skid Steer Help

1 Introduction

This document is intended to help you diagnose your skid steer or compact track loader.

To start, please choose a topic:

Error Codes
Electrical Items

1.1 Error Codes

Below is a full list of error codes that can be found on the full range on skid
steers:
(Not all codes will be found on every machine)

C110 SC to + at ESOS

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 Introduction 5

C111 SC to + at Fuel Sender

C114 SC to + at Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender
C116 SC to + at Fan Solenoid
C117 SC to + at High Flow Solenoid
C118 SC to + at Charge Pump Transducer
C119 SC to + at Parallel Lift Solenoid
C125 SC to + at Loader Pilot Solenoid
C126 SC to + at Aux A Solenoid
C127 SC to + at Aux B Solenoid
C130 SC to + at Quick Hitch A
C131 SC to + at Quick Hitch B
C133 SC to + at Water Temp Sender/Switch
C134 SC to + at SRS Solenoid 1
C135 SC to + at Two-Speed Solenoid
C136 SC to + at LH Turn Signal
C137 SC to + at RH Turn Signal
C140 SC to + at Park Brake / Transmission Pilot Solenoid
C141 SC to + at Crowd Solenoid
C142 SC to + at Dump Solenoid
C143 SC to + at Float Transducer
C144 SC to + at Lower Solenoid
C145 SC to + at Transmission X1F Solenoid
C146 SC to + at Parkbrake Transducer
C147 SC to + at Transmission X2F Solenoid
C148 SC to + at Oil pressure switch
C150 SC to + at Raise Solenoid
C151 SC to + at Transmission X1R Solenoid
C152 SC to + at Transmission X2R Solenoid
C155 SC to + at Glow Plug Relay
C156 SC to + at Starter Relay

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6 Skid Steer Help

C157 SC to + at Reverse Alarm

C158 SC to + at Brake Light
C161 SC to + at Ambient Air Temperature
C162 SC to + at Charge Air Cooler Temperature
C171 SC to + at Aux Roller
C174 SC to + at Throttle Actuator Lowside Extend
C175 SC to + at Throttle Actuator Lowside Retract
C176 SC to + at Throttle Actuator Highside Extend
C177 SC to + at Throttle Actuator Highside Retract
C196 SC to + at SRS Solenoid 2
C197 SC to + at SRS Solenoid 3
C198 SC to + at Reversing Fan Solenoid
C210 SC to - at ESOS
C211 SC to - at Fuel Sender
C214 SC to - at Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender
C216 SC to - at Fan Solenoid
C217 SC to - at High Flow Solenoid
C218 SC to - at Charge Pump Transducer
C219 SC to - at Parallel Lift Solenoid
C225 SC to - at Loader Pilot Solenoid
C226 SC to - at Aux A Solenoid
C227 SC to - at Aux B Solenoid
C230 SC to - at Quick Hitch A
C231 SC to - at Quick Hitch B
C233 SC to - at Water Temp Sender/Switch
C234 SC to - at SRS Solenoid 1
C235 SC to - at Two-Speed Solenoid
C240 SC to - at Park Brake / Transmission Pilot Solenoid
C241 SC to - at Crowd Solenoid
C242 SC to - at Dump Solenoid

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 Introduction 7

C243 SC to - at Float Transducer

C244 SC to - at Lower Solenoid
C245 SC to - at Transmission X1F Solenoid
C246 SC to - at Parkbrake Transducer
C247 SC to - at Transmission X2F Solenoid
C249 SC to - at Fuel Pump Motor
C250 SC to - at Raise Solenoid
C251 SC to - at Transmission X1R Solenoid
C252 SC to - at Transmission X2R Solenoid
C255 SC to - at Glow Plug Relay
C256 SC to - at Starter Relay
C257 SC to - at Reverse Alarm
C258 SC to - at Brake Light
C261 SC to - at Ambient Air Temperature
C262 SC to - at Charge Air Cooler Temperature
C271 SC to - at Aux Roller
C276 SC to - at Throttle Actuator Highside Extend
C277 SC to - at Throttle Actuator Highside Retract
C285 SC to - at D+ Terminal
C296 SC to - at SRS Solenoid 2
C297 SC to - at SRS Solenoid 3
C298 SC to - at Reversing Fan Solenoid
C310 OC at ESOS
C316 OC at Fan Solenoid
C317 OC at High Flow Solenoid
C319 OC at Parallel Lift Solenoid
C325 OC at Loader Pilot Solenoid
C326 OC at Aux A Solenoid
C327 OC at Aux B Solenoid
C330 OC at Quick Hitch A

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8 Skid Steer Help

C331 OC at Quick Hitch B

C334 OC at SRS Solenoid 1
C335 OC at Two-Speed Solenoid
C336 OC at LH Turn Signal
C337 OC at RH Turn Signal
C340 OC at Park Brake / Transmission Pilot Solenoid
C341 OC at Crowd Solenoid
C342 OC at Dump Solenoid
C344 OC at Lower Solenoid
C345 OC at Transmission X1F Solenoid
C347 OC at Transmission X2F Solenoid
C349 OC at Fuel Pump Motor
C350 OC at Raise Solenoid
C351 OC at Transmission X1R Solenoid
C352 OC at Transmission X2R Solenoid
C355 OC at Glow Plug Relay
C356 OC at Starter Relay
C374 OC at Throttle Actuator Lowside Extend
C375 OC at Throttle Actuator Lowside Retract
C376 OC at Throttle Actuator Highside Extend
C377 OC at Throttle Actuator Highside Retract
C378 No Signal Left Motor Speed Sensor
C379 No Signal Right Motor Speed Sensor
C385 OC at D+ Terminal
C396 OC at SRS Solenoid 2
C397 OC at SRS Solenoid 3
C398 OC at Reversing Fan Solenoid
C411 Signal out of range Fuel Sender
HI at
C414 Signal out of range Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender

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 Introduction 9

HI at
C418 Signal out of range Charge Pump Transducer
HI at
C443 Signal out of range Float Transducer
HI at
C446 Signal out of range Parkbrake Transducer
HI at
C461 Signal out of range Ambient Air Temperature
HI at
C462 Signal out of range Charge Air Cooler Temperature
HI at
C471 Signal out of range Aux Roller
HI at
C472 Signal out of range Hand Throttle
HI at
C473 Signal out of range Foot Throttle
HI at
C480 Signal out of range Throttle Actuator Position
HI at
C514 Signal out of range Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender
Low at
C518 Signal out of range Charge Pump Transducer
Low at
C533 Signal out of range Water Temp Sender/Switch
Low at
C543 Signal out of range Float Transducer
Low at
C546 Signal out of range Parkbrake Transducer
Low at
C561 Signal out of range Ambient Air Temperature
Low at
C562 Signal out of range Charge Air Cooler Temperature
Low at

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10 Skid Steer Help

C571 Signal out of range Aux Roller

Low at
C572 Signal out of range Hand Throttle
Low at
C573 Signal out of range Foot Throttle
Low at
C580 Signal out of range Throttle Actuator Position
Low at
C678 Signal Compare Left Motor Speed Sensor
Failure
C679 Signal Compare Right Motor Speed Sensor
Failure
C690 Signal inconsistent ISOLATION BAR SWITCH
C691 Signal inconsistent LH ARM REST DOWN SWITCH
C701 Power Supply Over ECU J1
Voltage at
C878 Uncommanded Left Motor Speed Sensor
Motion
C879 Uncommanded Right Motor Speed Sensor
Motion
C980 Missing Calibration
Drive Pump
D001 Air Filter Blocked
D012 Engine Oil Pressure Low
D703 Power Supply Over RHC J3
Voltage at
Z100 Low Temperature Hyd Oil Selected
Z101 High Temperature Hyd Oil Selected

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 Introduction 11

1.1.1 SC to + at

Short Circuit to Positive

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

An output is off and positive voltage is present at the pin of the ECU.
An input signal is pushed (generally by short to outside source) to within 90% of
battery voltage.

1.1.2 SC to - at

Short Circuit to Negative

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

An output is on and too much current is drawn. The current threshold is usually around
2.5 amps.
An input signal is pulled down (generally by short to ground wire or chassis) to below
0.3 volts.

1.1.3 OC at

Open circuit

- This case is detected by an ECU by:

During the first 5 seconds after key on, each output is "pinged" (meaning a small
voltage signal is sent down the line). If no current flows
during this ping then the ECU knows that no load is connected.

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 12 Skid Steer Help

1.1.4 No Signal

No signal

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

During normal machine operation, no signal is received from a sensor.

1.1.5 Signal out of range HI at

Signal out of range HI

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

an input signal increases to above it's upper operating limit

1.1.6 Signal out of range Low at

Signal out of range low

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

an input signal decreases to below it's lower operating limit

1.1.7 Signal Compare Failure

Signal Compare Failure / Signal Inconsistent

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

Two related signals should not both be on or off, and they are.

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 Introduction 13

1.1.8 Power Supply Over Voltage at

Power supply over voltage

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

The voltage applied to the power input is above ~16 volts.

1.1.9 Uncommanded Motion

Uncommanded Motion

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

No request for machine movement is being given to the solenoids yet the wheels/
tracks are moving.

1.1.10 Missing Calibration

Missing Calibration

- This case is detected by an ECU when:

An ECU is brand new and no transmission auto calibration has been performed to
teach it the proper drive currents.

1.2 Electrical Items

Below is a list of electrical items that can be found on the full range on skid
steers:

Air Filter Switch

Air Temp Sensors (Ambient intake and after
Charge Air Cooler)

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14 Skid Steer Help

Arm Rest / Lap Bar Switches

Aux Thumb Wheel
Brake Light
Charge Pump Transducer
D+ Terminal
Electrical Quick Hitch
ESOS
Fan Solenoid
Float / Lift Pressure Transducer
Foot Throttle
Fuel Pump
Fuel Sender
Glow Plug Relay
Hand Throttle
High Flow Solenoid
Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender
Loader Pilot Solenoid
Loader Solenoids (Lift, Lower, Crowd,
Dump, Aux A, Aux B)
Oil Pressure Switch
Parallel Lift Solenoid
Park Brake Transducer
Reverse Alarm
Reversing Fan Solenoid
SRS Solenoids
Starter Relay
Park Brake / Transmission Pilot Solenoid
Transmission Solenoids (Left forward, Right
forward, Left rear, Right rear)
Turn Signals
Two Speed Solenoid
Water Temp Sender / Switch
Wheel Speed Sensors (Left and Right)

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 Introduction 15

1.2.1 Aux Thumb Wheel

Location: In the cab, on the left joystick for 7 function and on the right joystick for 3 function.

Component Information:

Receives 5 volt supply from controller.

Feeds back 0.7v to 4.3v control signal.

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 16 Skid Steer Help

1.2.2 ESOS

Work in Progress

1.2.3 Fuel Sender

Location: In the engine bay, to the right of the motor when looking from behind the machine.

Component Information:

Resistance at full tank - 190~170 ohms

Resistance at half tank - 90~65 ohms

Resistance at empty tank - 5.5~3.5 ohms

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 Introduction 17

1.2.4 Hydraulic Oil Temp Sender

Location: In the engine bay at the bottom of the hydraulic tank protruding towards the center of the
machine.

SP T4 Picture:

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18 Skid Steer Help

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 Introduction 19

Component information:

Resistance at 100°C : ~187 ohms

Resistance at 80°C : ~ 323 ohms

Resistance at 25°C : ~ 2062 ohms

Resistance at 0°C : ~ 5896 ohms

1.2.5 Fan Solenoid

Location:
SPT4 without reversing fan option: On the hydraulic fan motor, above the engine.
SPT4 with reversing fan option: On the reversing fan valve block, behind cab and in front of
engine.

SP T4 picture: w/o reversing fan option

SP T4 picture: with reversing fan option

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20 Skid Steer Help

Component information:

Coil Resistance: ~7.6 ohms

Controlled by PWM voltage. Applied voltage will depend on cooling needs determined by controller.

Note: No voltage going to the fan solenoid will result in full fan speed, full voltage is fan off.

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 Introduction 21

1.2.6 High Flow Solenoid

Location: At the end of the pump stack under the cab.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

Small platform picture:

Component information:

Coil Resistance: ~7.1 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 22 Skid Steer Help

1.2.7 Charge Pump Transducer

Location: Under cab in elbow fitting on transmission pump.

Component Information:

Receives 5 volts supply from the chassis controller.

Feedback signal is 0.5v to 4.5 volts from 0 bar to 35 bar.

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 Introduction 23

1.2.8 Parallel Lift Solenoid

Location: On UDSL valve block below loader valve block under cab.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

SP T4 Radial Lift picture:

Component information:

Coil resistance: ~6.0 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

Note: This solenoid is POWERED when the parallel option is OFF. No power to this solenoid will cause
the parallel lift circuit to stay engaged.

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 24 Skid Steer Help

1.2.9 Implement Pilot Solenoid

Location: Under the cab on the loader valve block.

Component information:

Coil resistance: ~5.6 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 Introduction 25

1.2.10 Loader Solenoids

Location: Under cab on right side of machine.

SP T4 Picture:

Component information:

Coil resistance of each: ~5.6 ohms

Controlled by PWM voltage. Applied voltage is determined by software's interpretation of joystick

signals. Positive side of coils fed from independent pins on the EH controller (chassis controller for Aux).
Negative sides on coil pairs (lift/lower, crowd/dump, aux A/aux B) tied together and each pair returns to
the controller so current through circuit can be measured.

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 26 Skid Steer Help

1.2.11 Quick Hitch

Location:

Relays: Under cab on bracket on left side of machine. Relay order NOT Guaranteed!

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

Actuator: On boom quick hitch.

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 Introduction 27

Component information:

Relay coil resistance: approx 85 ohms.

1.2.12 Water Temp Sender/Switch

For tier 4 information refer to engine manual.

Tier 3: work in progress

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 28 Skid Steer Help

1.2.13 SRS Solenoid

Location: Under cab on SRS valve block. Right side of machine toward the front.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

SP T4 picture:

Component information:

Resistance of each coil: ~7.2 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

Note: All solenoids operate on/off at the same time as option turns on/off.

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 Introduction 29

1.2.14 Two-Speed Solenoid

This component only exists on large platform machines. Work in progress.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

1.2.15 Turn Signal

Location: On rear door and on either side of the cab.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

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30 Skid Steer Help

Component information:

Controlled by on/off signal from the right hand cluster. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 Introduction 31

1.2.16 Transmission Pilot Solenoid

Location: Under cab on right side of transmission pump.

Component information:

Coil resistance: ~7.0 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 32 Skid Steer Help

1.2.17 Float Transducer

Location: Multiple locations depending on options and machine.

Note: This is an option and is set via SRS and Float options in ServiceMaster.

SP T4 Picture:

Component Information:

Receives 5 volts supply from the chassis controller.

Feedback signal is 0.5v to 4.5 volts from 0 bar to 250 bar.

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 Introduction 33

1.2.18 Transmission Solenoids

Location: Under cab on transmission pump.

SP T4 Picture:
Note: Wheeled machine shown. Forward/Reverse solenoids swap when in a track machine.

Component information:

Coil resistance of each: ~ 4.0 ohms

Controlled by PWM voltage. Applied voltage is determined by software's interpretation of joystick

signals. Positive side of coils fed from independent pins on the EH controller. Negative sides on coil
pairs (right forward / right reverse, left forward / left reverse) tied together and each pair returns to the
controller so current through circuit can be measured.

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 34 Skid Steer Help

1.2.19 Oil pressure switch

For tier 4 information refer to engine manual.

Tier 3: work in progress

1.2.20 Parkbrake Transducer

Location: SP T4: Under cab on top of transmission pump in T fitting.

Component Information:

Receives 5 volts supply from the chassis controller.

Feedback signal is 0.5v to 4.5 volts from 0 bar to 35 bar.

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 Introduction 35

1.2.21 Glow Plug Relay

Location:
SP T4: In engine bay behind air filter.

Component information:

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 36 Skid Steer Help

30A relay coil resistance: 95 ohms

100A relay coil resistance: 40 ohms

Tier 3: work in progress

1.2.22 Starter Relay

Location: SP T4: Under cab on left side of machine.

SP T4 Picture:

Component information:

Relay coil resistance: approx 95 ohms.

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 Introduction 37

1.2.23 Reverse Alarm

Location: On inside of rear door.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

Picture:

Component information:

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 38 Skid Steer Help

1.2.24 Brake Light

Location: Mounted in rear door of machine.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

Component information:

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 Introduction 39

1.2.25 Air Temp Sensors

Location: SP T4 only: One mounted in cooling pack and one mounted in the inlet air stream inside the
engine bay on the left side.

SP T4 Picture:

Component information:

Resistance at 125°C : ~87 ohms

Resistance at 100°C : ~175 ohms

Resistance at 25°C : ~ 2750 ohms

Resistance at 0°C : ~ 9250 ohms

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 40 Skid Steer Help

Resistance at -20°C : ~ 28144 ohms

1.2.26 Reversing Fan Solenoid

Location: SP T4: Behind cab and in front of motor.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

SP T4 Picture:

Component information:

Coil resistance: ~5.1 ohms

Controlled by on/off signal from the controller. Battery voltage is applied when on.

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 Introduction 41

1.2.27 Fuel Pump Motor

Location:

SP T4: Beside engine on right side of engine bay.

SP T4 picture:

Component information:

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 42 Skid Steer Help

Fuel pump rated: 12 volts, 1.4 amps

Relay: ~ 85 ohms coil

For SP T4 this is controlled by the engine ECU.

1.2.28 D+ Terminal

Location: On back of alternator on engine

SP T4 picture

Component information:

This terminal is what energizes the alternator to stat charging and also it provides feedback on if the
alternator is outputting.

At engine start the right hand cluster provides voltage to this terminal to start the charging process.
Once the alternator starts to charge then the D+ terminal voltage increases
giving the right hand cluster the sign that charging has started and the battery light is turned off.

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 Introduction 43

1.2.29 Wheel Speed Sensors

This component only exists on large platform machines. Work in progress.

1.2.30 Hand Throttle

Location: In right hand cluster in cab.

Picture:

Component information:

Receives battery voltage supply. Has a built in 5 volt regulator.

Gives 0.5-4.5 volt signal to the chassis controller.

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 44 Skid Steer Help

1.2.31 Foot Throttle

Location: In cab, near floor board.

Note: This is an option and is set in ServiceMaster.

Picture:

Component information:

Receives 5 volts supply from the chassis controller.

Gives 0.5-4.5 volt signal to the chassis controller.

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 Introduction 45

1.2.32 Arm Rest / Lap Bar Switches

Location: In cab on seat weldment

Picture:

Component information:

Magnetic SPDT reed switch. Place piece of ferrous metal in the U shape to activate switch.

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 46 Skid Steer Help

1.2.33 Air Filter Switch

Location: Mounted to air filter housing in engine bay.

Picture: (switch not visible, follow red arrow)

Component information:

SPST switch. Switch closes when air filter restriction causes vacuum in the air intake hose.

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 Introduction 47

1.2.34 PWM

Pulse Width Modulation is a method of obtaining lower voltages than the system voltage.

In our case we use this to drive proportional solenoids. The more voltage given to the solenoid then the
more current will flow and thus the more the valve will open.

PWM takes battery voltage and "chops" it on and off very fast. See the first picture below. The blue line
is the actual output from the controller. The red line is the effective voltage that is seen by the solenoid
that this signal is driving.

If we look at this signal closely we can see that the output is actually going from 0 volts to 12 volts (back
and forth) very quickly. In the beginning of the graph the effective voltage is 6 volts (red line), and this
comes from the full 12 volts from the battery being applied to the load 50% of the time (blue line). Then
at the 140 mark, the 12 volts from the battery starts being applied 75% of the time, and the effective
voltage rises to 9 volts (75% of 12 volts).

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48 Skid Steer Help

The chopped PWM signal is very fast, too fast for a solenoid or light to turn on and off. This is why you
get this "smoothed" effect where the on -> off -> on -> off battery voltage just looks and operates like a
lower voltage. Also, PWM is too fast for a multi meter to measure the peaks and valleys. So, if you
measure the output voltage on the line you will get the effective voltage.

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