Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 4 – Self Learning Module 16 Identify star pattern that can be seen at
particular times of the year

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Loretta L. Aquino
Editor: Mrs. Thelma C. Torio
Reviewer:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig

City
Science 5
Quarter 4
Self Learning Module 16
The Star Pattern
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science Grade Five Self Learning Module 16 on Identifying star
patterns that can be seen at a particular times of the year

This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science Grade Five Self Learning Module 16 on Identifying the Star
Pattern.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the

lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the learning
competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
 EXPECTATIONS
At the end of the lesson the pupils are expected to:
1. infer that the stars in the sky differ in size and are not in the same location as

viewed from Earth; and

2. identify common constellations in the sky.

PRETEST
Directions: Choose and write the letter of the best answer.

________1. Where is the North Star be found?

A. Cassiopeia
B. North of Orion
C. North of Rigel
D. Little Dipper

_________2. What constellation has a shape of letter W?

A. Big Bear
B. Cassiopeia
C. Little Bear
D. Orion

_________3. What is a Constellation?

A. a galaxy
B. a pattern
C. a milky way
D. a group of stars

_________4. What is the other name for Polaris?

A. Evening Star
B. Morning Star
C. North Star
D. Red Star

_________5. The constellation Orion is named after which figure from the Greek
mythology?
A. The King
B. The Lion
C. The Hunter
D. The Dragon
 RECAP

In the previous lesson, you learned that the moon revolves around the
Earth. As the moon orbits the earth, we can only see the lit-up-side.

Directions: Color the lit-up-side of the moon yellow, to clearly see the 8 phases of
the moon.

https://www.education.com/worksheet/article/learning-moon-phases/

LESSON

https://www.thoughtco.com/constellations-pictures-gallery-4122769
 A. Introduction
A star is a massive ball of plasma (very hot gas) held together by gravity.
It radiates energy because of the nuclear reactions inside it. Stars give off a
tremendous amount of energy in the form of light and heat. The star that is closest
to the earth is the sun. Stars are first formed as clouds of dust and gas. Most stars
are between 1 billion and 10 billion years old. Stars that have really strong gravity
grow smaller over time and eventually turn into black holes. The hottest stars give
off a bluish light, while the cooler stars give off a reddish light. Star seems to
twinkle because their light travels through the earth’s atmosphere and the
turbulence in the atmosphere affects the way stars are seen. All the stars that
make up the Milky Way Galaxy revolve around the center of the galaxy once every
200 million years or so. The oldest star that has been discovered is HE 1523-0901,
which is an estimated 13.2 billion years old.

B. Size of Stars

Stars differ in size. Some stars have diameters of only 20 km. These stars
are very much smaller than earth. Our sun is just a medium sized star. Many stars
are much larger than the sun.

Astronomers classify stars according to their size.

Supergiants are the largest known stars. The star Antares has a diameter
330 times the sun. The sun has a diameter of 1,392,000 km. Some supergiants
have diameters 1000 times that of the sun.
 Giants are stars with diameters from 10 to 100 times that of the sun. The
star Aldebaran is a giant with a diameter about 45 times that of the sun.

Medium-sized stars are about the size of the sun. Their diameters range
from 139,200 km to 13,920,000 km. Sirius is a medium sized star.

White dwarfs are small stars with diameters of less than 10,000 km. The
smallest white dwarf is Van Maanen’s Star with a diameter of 8,370 km.

Neutron stars, also called pulsars, are smallest star.

C. Star Patterns

Some stars form familiar patterns in the night sky. The patterns may
resemble a human, an animal, or another object. Such configuration of stars is
called a constellation. The word “constellation” comes from a Latin word meaning
“set of stars”.

Astronomers have identified 88 constellations. These constellations have

been given Latin names.

Constellations can also represent patterns that depict animals or gods, and
sometimes mythological people and creatures. Examples of these are Orion (the
mythical hunter), Cassiopeia (the vain queen), Andromeda (daughter of
Cassiopeia, who chained to a rock to be eaten by sea monster Cetus), and Perseus
(the Greek mythological hero and demi-god).

Constellation named after animals include Pegasus (the winged horse), Ursa
Major (the big bear) and Ursa Minor (little bear).
 Some constellations were named after objects. Telescopium was named
after the telescope and Microscopium after the microscope.

https://earthsky.org/tonight/big-dipper-high-in-north-on-june-evenings

Some well-known configurations of stars are not constellations but only a

part of constellations. For example, the Big Dipper is a part of constellation Ursa
Major. The big dipper is made up of seven stars. Four of its stars constitute a bowl
while three of its stars resemble a handle. You will notice that star Merak and star
Dubhe point to a certain star called Polaris or the North Star. The position of the
Polaris is fixed, as it always points to the Earth’s North Pole. It is found at the end
of the handle of the Little Dipper as part of the constellation of Ursa Minor.

Opposite the Big Dipper is another famous constellation known as

Cassiopeia, the Queen. This constellation consists of five stars that seem to form
the letter W.

Big Dipper, Little Dipper, and Cassiopeia are all visible in the night sky

https://bobmoler.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/cassiopeiafinder.png
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/204491639300561920/
 https://nightskygaze.com/orion-the-hunter-of-the-night-sky/
http://www.surinenglish.com/lifestyle/201712/08/orion-hunter-20171207203900-v.html

Another well-known constellation in the sky is Orion, the Great Hunter. It

consists of several bright star, three of which form its belt popularly called “Tatlong
Maria”. On Orion’s right shoulder is the very famous red supergiant star called
Betelgeuse. Located on Orion’s left knee is Rigel, a bluish-white star.

http://www.astronomytrek.com/star-constellations-the-zodiac/

Twelve constellations are found at 30°longtitude, along the path of the sun
as it travels across the sky in its annual motion. This path called the zodiac,
encompasses the apparent paths of the planets. These 12 constellations correlate
to the 12 astrological signs: Aries (the Ram), Taurus (the Bull), Gemini (the
Twins), Cancer (the Crab), Leo (the Lion), Virgo (the Virgin), Libra (the Balance),
Scorpio (the Scorpion), Sagittarius, (the Archer), Capricorn (the Goat),Aquarius
(the Water Carrier), and Pisces (the Fishes).

Ancient people designated these constellations as reigning stars. They

assigned a specific constellation to each month of the year. They believe that the
shape or pattern of stars influence the lives of the people.

http://www.richardbell.net/starmap.html

A star map shows the positions of various constellations in the sky. It shows
the North Star or Polaris in the north. Polaris is important to people especially to
sailors or navigators. It is used as a compass to find direction. It is a fixed star that
tells where the true north direction is.
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Directions: Here are the diameters of some stars. Can you tell which class they
belong? (

Supergiants, Giants, Medium-sized, Small

Star Diameter in Km Classification according

to size
1. Arcturus 41,800,000
2. Betelgeuse 600,000,000
3. Capella 16,704,000
4. Neutron 40
5. Sun 1,392,000

Activity 2

Directions: Complete the main idea by completing the paragraph.

1000, size, bigger, smallest, smaller

Stars vary in 1.___________, from the supergiants with diameters about 2.__________
times 3._____________ than the sun to the 4._____________ neutron stars that are
5.___________ than Earth.
 Activity 3
Directions: Connect the star pattern, dot to dot and label it.

Leo, Cancer, Hercules, Cassiopeia, Big Dipper

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

WRAP UP
EXPECT
Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the idea.
1. Constellations are group of ____________ that form patterns in the night sky.
2. Ursa Major, Cassiopeia, and Orion are some common ___________________.
3. Stars are used to tell ____________ and time, predict weather, and to serve as
birth signs.
 VALUING

Did you know that there are persons who believe that stars and planets
influence (by their positions) the lives of people and events on earth? They are
called astrologers. They make their forecast about people based on the stars in the
constellation, the planets that pass through the constellations and numbers
representing dates of birth. Some astrologers publish their forecast in newspapers
under the title Horoscopes.

Do you believe in horoscopes? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct, if it is not, make the false
statement true by changing the underlined word or phrase.

______________1. A constellation is a configuration of stars that form a pattern.

______________2. The Little Dipper is a part of the constellation Ursa Major.

______________3. The North Star is found in the Little Dipper.

______________4. The North Star is also called Merak.

______________5. The North Polar Constellations can be seen in the Northern

Hemisphere.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

REFERENCES
Book
Coronel, C., Mingao, T., Padua, A.Romero, M. & Mingao, M. (2006). Exploring and
Protecting our World. Quezon City, Philippines.: Vibal Publishing House. Inc.
Cruz, J., Gutierrez, D.,Ziganay, V. & Caintic, H. (2001). Inyto the Future Science
and Health 6 . Makati City, Philippines.: DIWA Scholastic Press, Inc.

Online and Electronic Sources

https://www.teachervision.com/names-symbols-constellations
http://www.astronomytrek.com/star-constellations-the-zodiac/
https://www.education.com/worksheet/article/learning-moon-phases/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/318840848610728078/
http://www.richardbell.net/starmap.html
https://earthsky.org/tonight/big-dipper-high-in-north-on-june-evenings
https://bobmoler.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/cassiopeiafinder.png
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/204491639300561920/