5 WORK, POWER, ENERGY & MOMENTUM

SINGLE CORRECT QUESTION

1. A system shown in figure is released from rest. Pulley and spring is massless and
friction is absent everywhere. The speed of 5 kg block when 2 kg block leaves the
contact with ground is (Take force constant of spring k = 40N/m and g = 10 m/s2)

(A) 2 m/s (B) 2 2 m/s (C) 2 m/s (D) 4 2 m/s

2. Two blocks of masses m1 = 1kg and m2 = 2 kg are connected by a non-deformed light spring. They are lying
on a rough horizontal surface. The coefficient of friction between the blocks and the surface is 0.4. What
minimum constant force F has to be applied in horizontal direction to the block of mass m1 in order to shift the
other block? (g = 10 m/s2)

(A) 8 N (B) 15 N (C) 10 N (D) 25 N

3. Two particles A and B each of mass m are attached by a light inextensible string of length 2 . The whole
system lies on a smooth horizontal table with B initially at a distance  from A. The particle at end B is
projected across the table with speed u perpendicular to AB. Velocity of ball A just after the jerk, is

u 3 u 3 u
(A) (B) u 3 (C) (D)
4 2 2
4. A light rod of length  falls on two pads of equal height one steel and the other brass through a height h. The co-
efficient of restitution are e1 and e2 (e1 < e2). To what maximum height will the centre of mass of the rod rise
after bouncing off the pads?

brass Steel
e1 e2
l

h 2 h e12  e22 4h
(A) e  e (B)  e1  e2  (C) h (D) e2  e2
1 2 4 4 1 2

5. Two particles of equal mass have velocities v1  4î m/s and v 2  4 ĵ m/s. First particle has an acceleration
 2
a1  ( î  ĵ) m/s while the acceleration of the other particle is zero. The centre of mass of the two particles
moves on a : class 12th physics chapter 1 notes
(A) circle (B) parabola (C) straight line (D) ellipse.
Work, Power & Energy
6. A T shaped object with dimensions shown in the figure is lying on a smooth floor.

A force F is applied at the point P parallel to AB such that the object has only the
translational motion without rotation. Find the location of P with respect to C.
(A) (3/4)l (B) 
(C) (4/3)l (D) (3/2)
7. A particle is released one by one from top of two inclined rough surfaces of height h each. The angle of
inclination is 30° & 60°. Coefficient of friction is same in both cases. If K1 & K2 be kinetic energies of particle
at bottom of plane in two cases then,
(A) K1 = K1 (B) K1 < K2 (C) K1 > K2 (D) data insufficient
8. Two ends of a helical uniform spring of force constant K and mass M are projected with velocity V in its
natural state (as shown in figure). The maximum extension in spring will be

m m m m
(A) V (B) V (C) (D) V
K 3K 2K 6K
9. A small block of mass m is rigidly attached at 'P' to a ring of mass m and radius r.
The system is released from rest at  = 0° and rolls without sliding. The speed of
centre of mass when block reaches the bottom is

rg rg
(A) rg (B) (C) (D) none
2 2
10. A uniform disc of radius R = 0.2 is given velocity 10m/s over a rough surface. After some time its kinetic
energy becomes zero. Then initial angular velocity is:

100
(A) rad/sec. (B) 100 rad/sec. (C) 50 rad/sec. (D) cannot be determined
3
11 A sports car accelerates from zero to a certain speed in t seconds. How long does it take for it to accelerate
to twice that speed starting from rest, assuming the power of the engine to be constant (independent of
velocity) and neglecting friction? class 11 chemistry chapter 2 notes
(A) 2 t sec. (B) 2t sec. (C) 3t sec. (D) 4t sec.

P0 t 02
12. A machine delivers power given by P = Where P0 and t0 are constants. The machine starts at t = 0
(t  t 0 )2
and runs forever. What is maximum work that the machine can perform.
(A) Infinite (B) zero
P0 t 0
(C) 4
(D) Can not be predicted, data insufficient

13. An object of mass m is slowly pushed some partway up a vertical loop ending at a point a height h < R above
the bottom. The coefficient of friction between the object and the track is a constant µ. Find work that has to
be done against friction.
(A) 2 mg (2hR – h2)1/2 (B) mg (hR – 2h2)1/2
h
(C) 2 mg (2hR – h2)1/2 (D) mg (2hR – h2)1/2
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Work, Power & Energy
L
14. Figure shows a square lamina with a disc of radius removed from it which is now placed symmetrically
2
over upper right quarter. What is location of centre of mass of system relative to origin shown in figure.
2L
Removed part
placed on
remaining sheet

2L
origin
removed
part

 L ˆ ˆ L ˆ ˆ L ˆ ˆ L ˆ ˆ
(A) 12
(i  j) (B) 16
(i  j) (C) 4
(i  j) (D) 8
(i  j)
12
15. When a conservative force does positive work then potential energy of the system associated with that force.
(A) decreases
(B) increases class 11 maths ncert book pdf
(C) remain constant
(D) depends on whether other non-conservative force is working or not.
16. Two identical carts constrained to move on a straight line, on which sit two twins of same mass, are moving
with equal velocity. At some time snow begins to drop uniformly. Ram, sitting on one of the trolleys, throws
off the falling snow sideways and in the second cart shyam is asleep
(A) Cart carrying Ram will speed up while cart carrying shyam will slow down
(B) Cart carrying Ram will remain at the same speed while cart carrying shyam will slow down
(C) Cart carrying Ram will speed up while cart carrying shyam will remain at the same speed
(D) Cart carrying Ram as well as shyam will slow down
17. A body moves in a horizontal plane on a circle of radius 1 m, having a constant kinetic energy of 18 J.
(A) The resultant force acting on the body is 36 N (B) The resultant force acting on the body is 0 N
(C) The resultant force acting on the body is 18 N (D) Information insufficient
18. A ball is given a velocity v and angular velocity  such that the ball rolls purely on a plank whose upper
surface is rough enough to prevent slipping but lower surface in contact with the ground is smooth. No other
force is acting on system.
(A) The plank will recoil back
(B) The plank will also move forward but with a lesser velocity than that of the ball
(C) The plank will also move forward but with a greater velocity than that of the ball
(D) The plank will remain at rest.
19. A uniform solid right circular cone of base radius R is joined to a uniform solid hemisphere of radius R and of
the same density, as shown. The centre of mass of the composite solid lies at the centre of base of the cone.
The height of the cone is
h
R
(A) 1.5 R (B) 3R (C) 3 R (D) 2 3 R

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Work, Power & Energy
ASSERTION AND REASON
20 Consider a one dimensional head on collision of two balls.
Statement-1 : The loss in kinetic energy of the system during the collision does not depend on the velocity
of the observer.
Statement-2 : Kinetic energy of a body is independent of velocity of observer.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
21 Statement -1 and 2 are on a situation of a frog jumping vertically up on a rigid floor.
Statement-1 : Due to work done by normal reaction of floor frog gains kinetic energy.
Statement-2 : If the floor is rigid, there is no motion of the point of application of the force, hence no work
done by floor. maths ncert exemplar class 10
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
22 Statement-1 : Work energy theorem cannot always be applied to a deformable body.
Statement-2 :Work energy theorem is derived for a point mass or equivalently for a rigid body.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
23 Statement 1: The centre of mass of uniform hollow right circular cone is located at a point one-third up the
altitude of the cone above the base.

(a) (b)

Statement 2: The center of mass of isosceles triangular wire frame made of uniform wires is located at a
point one-third up the altitude of the triangle above the base.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

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Work, Power & Energy
COMPREHENSION
Passage for question nos. 24 to 26
Two tennis balls of mass 60gm are attached with a massless rubber thread, and held in
the vertical position as shown in the figure. In this position length of the rubber thread is
40 cm and it is unstretched. The upper ball is slowly raised vertically upward, until the
lower ball just becomes unsupported by the ground. At this time the length of the thread
is 1m. The rubber thread exerts a force which is proportional to its extension.

24 What is the force constant of the rubber thread? ncert maths class 10 exemplar
(A) 2 N/m (B) 1 N/m (C) 0.5 N/m (D) 0.25 N/m
25 How much work is done by external agent while the upper ball was raised ?
(A) 0.54 J (B) 0.36 J (C) 0.18 J (D) 0.45 J
26 If we release the upper ball at this position at what speed will it hit the lower one ?

(A) 4 m/s (B) 18 m / s (C) 30 m / s (D) 26 m / s

Passage for question nos. 27 to 29

Two blocks m1 and m2 are connected by an ideal spring of force constant k. The blocks are placed on
smooth horizontal surface. A horizontal force F acts on the block m1. Initially spring is relaxed, both the
blocks are at rest.

m2 m1 F
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

27 What is acceleration of centre of mass of system at the instant of maximum elongation of spring

F(m1  m 2 ) F F
(A) Zero (B) m1m 2 (C) m (D) m  m
1 1 2

28 Which of the following statements are not true in the context of above system.
(A) Centre of mass reference frame is an inertial frame.
(B) Kinetic energy of the system is minimum in centre of mass frame.
(C) At the instant of maximum deformation both the blocks are instantaneously at rest in centre of mass
reference frame.
(D) Acceleration of centre of mass is constant in ground frame.
29 The maximum kinetic energy of system in centre of mass reference frame is-

F2  m 2  m1  F2  m 2  m1  m 22 F2
(A) 2k  m  m  (B) 2k  m  m  (C) (D) None of these
 1 2  1 2  2(m1  m 2 ) 2 k

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Work, Power & Energy
MULTIPLE CORRECT QUESTIONS

30. A ball A collides elastically with an another identical ball B with velocity 10 m/s at an angle of 30° from the line
joining their centres C1 and C2. Select the correct alternative(s).
(A) velocity of ball A after collision is 5 m/s maths ncert exemplar class 10
(B) velocity of ball B after collision is 5 3 m/s
(C) both the balls move at right angles after collision
(D) kinetic energy will not be conserved here, because collsion is not head on
31. A disc of mass M is free to rotate in vertical plane around pivot P. A bullet of mass m fired with velocity  hits
the disc and gets sunk in it.
(A) angular velocity is 3mv/2MR (B) change in momentum is -mv/3
(C) angular velocity is given as 2 mv/3 MR (D) impulse generated at point P is given by mv/3.
32. There are two massless springs A and B of spring constant KA and KB respectively and KA > KB. If WA and
WB be denoted as work done on A and work done on B respectively, then
(A) If they are compressed to same distance, WA > WB
(B) If they are compressed by same force (upto equilibrium state) WA < WB
(C) If they are compressed by same distance, WA = WB
(D) If they are compressed by same force (upto equillibrium state) WA > WB
33. If force is inversely proportional to velocity, the correct option is/are

(A) Power is constant (B) Momentum  t (C) K  t (D) None of these

34. A man of mass M is carrying a ball of the mass M/2. The man is initially in the state of rest at a distance D from
fixed vertical wall. He throws the ball along the floor towards the wall with a velocity V with respect to earth
at t = 0. As a result of throwing, the man also starts moving backwards. The ball rebounds elastically from the
wall. The man finally collects the ball. Assuming friction to be absent.

2V
(A) The velocity of the man + ball system after the man has collected the ball is
3

MV
(B) Linear impulse by ball on man is
3

MV
(C) Linear impulse by ball on man is
6

4D
(D) He catches the ball again at t =
V
35. Two small balls of masses ‘m’ and ‘2m’ are placed in a fixed smooth horizontal
circular hollow tube of mean radius 'r' as shown. The ball of mass ‘m’ is moving
with speed ‘u’ and the ball of mass ‘2m’ is stationary. After their first collision, the
time elapsed for next collision is: (coefficient of restitution e = 1/2)

2r 4r 3r 12r

(A) (B) (C) (D)
u u u u

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Work, Power & Energy
36. A particle of mass 3 kg is moving under the action of a central force whose potential energy is given by
U(r) = 10r3 Joule here r is in meter. If radius of orbit of particle r = 10 m then
(A) the energy of particle is 2.5 × 104 Joule
(B) The energy of particle is 0.5 × 104 Joule
(C) Angular momentum of particle about the centre is 3000 kg–m2/s
(D) Angular momentum of particle about the centre is 1000 kg–m2/s
37. A uniform rod AB & length L is released from rest in the position shown.It swings
down to vertical position and strikes a second and identical rod CD is resting on
frictionless surface. If impact is prefectly elastic then velocity of rod CD immediately
after impact is

1 1 1
(A) 2gL (B) 3gL (C) 4gL (D) 2gL
4 2 3
38. The potential energy of a particle of mass 0.1 kg, moving along the x-axis, is given by U = 5x (x – 4)J, where
x is in metres. It can be concluded that : class 11 physics chapter 2 notes
(A) the particle is acted upon by a constant force.
(B) the speed of the particle is maximum at x = 2 m.
(C) the particle executes simple harmonic motion
(D) the period of oscillation of the particle is /5s.
39. The dependence of potenial energy U of the interaction between two object
on the distance r seperating them is shown in figure. What segments

of the curve correspond to repulsive force between objects

(A) 1  2 (B) 2  3 (C) 3  4 (D) 4  5
40. The resultant force on a system of particles is non-zero.
(A) The linear momentum of the system must increase
(B) The velocity of the center of mass of the system must change.
(C) The distance of the centre of mass may remain constant from a fixed point.
(D) Kinetic energy of all particles must either increase simultaneously or decrease simultaneously.
41 Consider a block of mass 10 kg on a smooth surface and is subjected to a horizontal force of 6 N. If observer
A is in a fixed frame x and observer B is in x frame which is moving at 2m/s

2m/s 6N 5 m/s
A B x
x

(A) The final speed of the block in 4s is 7.4m/s, if it has initial speed of 5 m/s measured from fixed frame.
(B) Same speed will be observed by on observer B, attached to the x’ axis that moves at a constant velocity
of 2 m/s relative to A.
(C) Principle of impulse and momentum is valid for observers in any inertial reference frame.
(D) Momentum of a body is reference frame dependent.

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Work, Power & Energy
42. Consider the situation in which ball of mass M is hanging in equilibrium with a string and a spring as shown in
figure. If another small ball of mass m collides it than which of the following are correct
m
FT
(A) Tension force due to inextensible string FT is impulsive force M
(B) Spring force FS is non impulsive force class 12 english book FS FG
k
(C) Gravitational force FG is conservative force
(D) Normal force due to collision between m and M FN is contact force
43 Figure shows an ideal spring block system, force constant of spring is k which has been compressed by an
amount x0 . If x is instantaneous deflection of spring from its natural length, mark the correct options.

k
(A) Instantaneous power developed by spring is P = kx (x 20  x 2 )
2m

k k 2
(B) Maximum power of spring is x0
2 m

////////////////
Smooth
k
x0 m
(C) Maximum power occurs at x =
2

x0
(D) Maximum power occurs at x =
2
44 A particle of mass m moves in a conservative force field along x axis where the potential energy U varies with
position coordinate x as U=U0 (1–cosax), U0 and a being positive constants. Which of the following statement
is true regarding its motion. Its total energy is U0 and starts from x = 0.
(A) the acceleration is constant (B) It's speed is maximum at the initial position

(C) It's maximum x coordinate is (D) It's maximum kinetic energy is U0
2a
MATCH THE COLUMN

45. Match the physical situation of Column I with the graph of Column II. The graphs depict the variation of total
energy (solid), potential energy (long dashes) and kinetic energy (short dashes) with time.
Column I Column II

(A) A mass on a spring released from compression (p)

until it reaches its maximum extension

(B) An object in circular orbit around the sun (q)

(C) An object undergoing free fall (r)

(D) An object being pulled on a level, frictionless (s)

surface by a constant force in the horizontal direction

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Work, Power & Energy
SUBJECTIVE QUESTION
46. An object of mass 5 kg falls from rest through a vertical distance of 20 m and attains a velocity of 10 m/s. How
much work is done by the resistance of the air on the object? (g = 10 m/s2).
47. Two blocks of equal mass m are connected by an unstretched spring and the system is kept at rest
on a frictionless horizontal surface. A constant force F is applied on one of the blocks pulling it
away from the other as shown in figure (a) Find the displacement of the centre of mass at time t (b)
if the extension of the spring is x0 at time t, find the displacement of the two blocks at this instant.

48. A cart loaded with sand moves along a horizontal floor due to a constant force F coinciding in
direction with the cart’s velocity vector. In the process sand spills through a hole in the bottom with
a constant rate kg/s. Find the acceleration and velocity of the cart at the moment t, if at the initial
moment t = 0 the cart with loaded sand had the mass m0 and its velocity was equal to zero. Friction
is to be neglected.
49. A cannon with shots of total mass M0 is kept on a rough horizontal surface. The coefficient of friction between
the cannon and the horizontal surface is  . If the cannon fires the shots with a velocity
u relative to it, find the velocity of the cannon when it possesses a total
u
mass M with the remaining shots, after time t from starting. Assume that m
M
the cannon fires shots at the same fequency.
50. Two balls m1 and m2 having a small gap between them are released from a height h above the ground.
Determine the ratio of m2 : m1 so that m1 receives the maximum fraction of energy. All collisions are elastic.

51. Indian government sends Chunnu (45 kg) and Munnu (45 kg) to outer space where there is no gravity.One
day both of them come out of the spaceship to play game of catch. Chunnu throws a ball of mass m = 5 kg to
Munnu. If the ball has a horizontal velocity of 5 m/s as seen by Chunnu himself. What is Chunnu's velocity after
the ball leaves his hand ?

52. A small ball is projected from point P on floor towards a wall as shown. It hits the
wall when its velocity is horizontal. Ball reaches point P after one bounce on the floor.
If the coefficient of restitution is the same for the two collisions, find its value.
[All surfaces are smooth]

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Work, Power & Energy
53. A uniform rod of mass m and length  is resting on a smooth horizontal surface. A particle of mass m/2 trav-
elling with a speed v hits the rod normally and elastically. Find final velocity of particle and the angular velocity
of the rod.

l/4
C
Rod
(m, l)
v
m/2
Top view

54. The mass distribution inside the sphere of radius 60 cm is nonuniform, so that the center of mass lies at a
distance 30 cm from the geometric center. Suppose that the sphere is attached rigidly to a massless horizontal
rod of length 10 cm and negligible volume, oriented along the line formed by the center of mass and the
geometric center of the sphere, as shown. The rod is attached on the side of the sphere nearest to the center
of mass, and the far end of the rod is attached to a fixed pivot. The entire system is submerged in water and the
sphere is held stationary by a vertical string tied to its lowest point. Consider the average density of the sphere
= 700 kg/m3 and density of water = 1000 kg/m3.
(a) Find the force exerted by water on the sphere.
(b) Find the tension T in the string.
55. A wheel A is connected to a second wheel B by means of inextensible string, passing over a pulley C, which
rotates about a fixed horizontal axle O, as shown in figure. The system is released from rest. The wheel A rolls
down the inclined plane OK thus pulling up the wheel B which rolls along the inclined plane ON. Determine
the velocity (in m/s) of the axle of the wheel A, when it has travelled a distance s = 3.5 m down the slope. Both
wheels and the pulley are assumed to be homogeneous disks of identical weight and radius. Neglect the weight
of the string.

[Take  = 53° and  = 37°]

56. A block is attached to a spring and is placed on a horizontal smooth surface as
shown. The spring has an initial compression 2x0 and block is released at this state.
Collisions with the wall PQ are elastic.
(a) Find the time period of motion of the block
(b) Draw x–t (displacement – time) graph for one period.

Gm
57. Two equal heavy masses are situated at a separation r0. One of them is imparted a velocity v0 = r0

perpendicular to the line joining them. Treating motion only under mutual gravitational force find the ratio of
maximum and minimum separation between them.

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Work, Power & Energy
58. A force F acts on a uniform rectangular cabinet weighing 400 N as shown in
figure. The cabinet slides with constant speed when a force F = 200N is applied
at height h = 0.4 m at angle 370 from horizontal. At what distance x (in cm), from
edge A, the resultant normal reaction acts on cabinet
(sin370 = 3/5)
59. A small ball of mass m is suspended by a stiff massless rod of length  . A small bullet of
V
same mass m strikes the ball horizontally with velocity V & emerges with velocity
2
horizontally. If after collision ball is just able to swing through a complete circle, then find
the force (in newton) applied by hinge on the rod immediately after collision (here collision
time is negligible) (Here m = 1kg, g = 10m/s,  = 1m)
60. Board A is placed on board B as shown. Both boards slide, without moving with respect to each other, along
a frictionless horizontal surface at a speed 6 m/s. Board B hits a board C "head-on". After the collision, boards
B and C stick together and board A slides on top of board C and stops its motion relative to C in the position
shown on the diagram. What is the length (in m) of each board? All three boards have the same mass, size and
shape. The coefficient of kinetic friction between boards A and C and between boards A & B is .
(here g = 10 m/s2)

61. A uniform rod AB of length 4m and mass 12 kg is thrown such that just after the projection the centre of
mass of the rod moves vertically upwards with a velocity 10 m/s and at the same time it is rotating with an

angular velocity rad/sec about a horizontal axis passing through its mid point. Just after the rod is
2
thrown it is horizontal and is as shown in the figure. Find
the acceleration (in m/sec2) of the point A in m/s2
when the centre of mass is at the highest point.
(Take g = 10m/s2 and  2 = 10)
62. A particle of mass m = 1 kg is lying at rest on x-axis, experiences a net force given by law F  x(3x  2)
Newton, where x is the x-coordinate of the particle in meters. The magnitude of minimum velocity in negative
P
x-direction to be imparted to the particle placed at x = 4 meters such that it reaches the origin at m / s.
27
Find the value of P.
64. A uniform stick of mass m and length  spins around on a frictionless horizontal
M
plane, with its Centre of Mass stationary. A mass M is placed on the plane, and the
stick collides elastically with it, as shown (with the contact point being the end of the

stick). What should M (in kg) be so that after the collision the stick has translational
m
motion, but no rotational motion? take m = 24 kg.
65 Three carts move on a frictionless track with masses and velocities as shown. The carts collide and stick
together after successive collisions. Find the total magnitude of the impulse experienced by A. (in Ns)
m1 = 3 kg m2 = 1 kg m3 = 2 kg
v1 = 1 m/s v2 = 1 m/s v3 = 2 m/s +ve

A B C

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]

WPE & MOMENTUM SOLUTION

Single Correct Questions  e1  e2 
2
h
1. (B) Let x be the extension in the spring when 2 kg block leaves h' 
4
the contact with ground. Then,
(B) is correct choice
kx  2g  
2g 2  10 1  m1 v1  m 2 v 2
or x   m 5. (C) v COM 
k 40 2 m1  m 2
Now from conservation of mechanical energy  
v1  v 2
  2(î  ĵ) m/s
1 2 1 2
mgx  kx  mv 2  m  5kg 
2 2
 
kx 2  a1  a 2 1
or v  2gx  Similarly, a COM   (î  ĵ) m/s2
m 2 2
 
Substituting the values  v COM is parallel to a COM the path will be a straight line.
6. (C) The point is the centre of mass of the object
1  40 
v  2  10    2 2m / s
2 45
2. (A) From work energy theorem
Work done by the various forces = change in kinetic energy

1
i.e., F. x–m1gx k x2  0
2
But kx  m 2g for just shifting m 2 . 4
 Distance of P from C is
1 3
 F.x–m1gx  m2gx  0
2 7. (B) Wfriction(1) = Nd1
 m  Wfriction(2) = Nd2
or F    m1  2  g
 2 
 2
 0.4 1   (10)  8 N
 2

Hence, Minimum constant force in 8 N

3. (A) d1 > d2
Potential Energy changes are same
 more work done against friction, less will be the kinetic energy
Wfriction(1) > Wfriction(2) K1 < K2
8. (B) Let u is velocity of element dx of mass dm at distance x from
O. O is the mid point which is at rest. We can take,
When the string jerks both particles begin to move with velocity x 2x
components in the direction AB. Using conservation of u(x) = L2  V= V
L
momentum in the direction AB
L/ 2
1 2

mu cos 30° = mv + mv or v 
u 3  Energy of part OA, E0 =
2  dmu(x)
0
4

u 3
Hence the velocity of ball A just after the jerk is .
4
4. (B) The centre of mass of the rod after collision will move at

 e1  e2  2gh
2 L/ 2 2
1  2x 
2
E0 =
2 
0
dx  V
 L 
  e1  e 2  
 0 2gh   2gh '
 2 

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
2 2
L/ 2
2V 2 1 L3 mv2
x 2dx   F=  36 N ]
 E0 =
L2
V 
0 L2

3 8 R

1 1 18. (D) Since vpoint of contact = 0

 E0 = LV 2  MV 2
12 12
 Energy of whole spring initially
 no impulse acts on plank or ball.
1
E1 = 2E0 = MV2 ]
6
Energy conservation
E1 = E2
h/4
1 1 M
 MV2 = kx 2  xm = V 19. (B)
6 2 m 3K 3R/8
9. (B) Apply work energy
1
mgr = (2mr 2 )2
2 1 R 2 3R
  R 3 h     R 3 
3 4 3 8
g r gr O= 1 2
 = , vcm =  ]   R 3 h    R 3
r 2 2 3 3
10. (B). Kinetic energy can become zero only for the case shown
in figure ; h2 2R 2
 – =0
Torque equation : 12 24

mR 2 h= 3R ]
(mg).R = . 
2 Assertion and Reason
20. (C)
2g
= 21. (C)
R 22. (A)
23. (B)
0 0 R Passage
Therefore, t = = 2g ............(1)
 Paragraph for question nos. 24 to 26
24. (B) kx = 0.06 g
v0 k × 0.6 =\ 0.6
For translational motion : t = ............(2) k = 1 N/m ]
g
25. (A) Wext + wg + wstring = k = 0
0 R v0 1
From (1) & (2) : 2g = wext – 0.06 × g × 0.6 + × 1 × (02 – 0.62) = 0
g 2
2v 0 2(10) wext = 0.54 J ]
 0 = = = 100 rad/sec.
R 0. 2
1 1
1 26. (D) 0.06 × g × 1 + × 1 × (0.62 – 02) = × 0.06 v2
11.
2
(D) Pt = mv v is doubled  t is 4 times ] 2 2
2
12. (C)  v2 = 26  v= 26 m/s
13. (D)
]
14. (B)
Paragraph for question nos. 27 to 29
15. (A)
27. (D)
16. (D) mv0 = (m + m') v
28. (A)
mv 0 29. (A)
v' = Multiple Correct Questions
m  m' 30. (A, B, C)
Since Ram throws sideways, no impulse acting on it.
 v' for Ram & Shyam are equal both slow down. ]

1
17. (A) mv2 = 18
2
mv2 = 36

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
A
Alternative : F  ; A is constant, work done by this force
v

A A
w dx   dt dx  A dt  At
v dx
As W  t , k  t
34. (A), (C), (D)

Velocity components in common tangent direction will remain

unchanged while velocity components in common normal
direction are interchanged in case of an elastic collision. Hence
both A and B move at right angles after collision with

v A  5 m/s and vB  5 3 m/s. Kinetic energy is conserved

in an elastic collision. Whether it is a head on collision or and
oblique collision.

2 3
31. (B,C,D) Here, m v R  2 M R 

2m
i.e.,  
3MR
Change in momentum
2 mv
p  mv  mv  
3 3

mv
Impulse 
3
V M 3M
Note: Negative sign shows that direction of impulse is opposite M + V= ·u
2 2 2
to direction fo bullet.
32. (A,B) For same compression x0 (say) 2V
u=
3
1 1 (A)
WA = k A x 02 & W =
B
k B x 02
2 2 V  2V V  MV
Impulse on man = M(u – )=M  3  2 = (C)
 WA > WB [ kA > kB] 2   6
for same force at equillibrium force = F0
2D  x 2x 4D
F0 F0 t= = solving t = (D)
V V V
xA = k , xB = k
A B
35. (B) mu = 2mV2 – mV1
u = 2V2 – V1
1 F2
WA = k A x A2 = 0 1 V2  V1
2 2k A   2V2  2V1  u
2 u
F0 2
Similarly, WB = u
2k B Solving V1  0 , V2 
2
 WB > WA
 (A) & (B) are correct options 2 r 4 r
time t  
33. (A,B,C) u/2 u
36. (A), (C) U(r) = 10 r3
dU(r)
Using F(r) =  = –30r2
dr

mV 2 30r 3
Now = 30r2  V =
r m
 V = 100 m/s
 E = U(r) + ½ mV2 = 10 · (10)3 + ½ × 3 × (100)2 = 2.5 × 104 J
Angular momentum, L = mvr = 3 · (100)· 10 = 3000 kg m2/s

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
MATCH THE COLUMN
45. [A- q; B- s; C- r; D- p]
SUBJECTIVE QUESTION TYPE
37. (B) 46. Work done by all forces = change in K.E.
Wair  Wgravity  K.E.
11  L
ML2  02 = Mg 1
2  3  2 Wair  mgh  mv 2
. 2
1
Wair  mv 2  mgh
2
3g
 0 
L 1
at rest   5  10  10  5  10  20
2
Before collision
Wair  750 J
47. (a) The acceleration of the centre of mass is
F
aCOM =
2m
The displacement of the centre of mass at time t will be
def. of e 0L = L + V
AMC I0 = –I + MVL 1 Ft 2
x= aCOM t2 = Ans.
2 4m
1
Solving V = 3gL (b) Suppose the displacement of the first block is x1 and that
2
of the second is x2. Then,
38. (B), (C), (D) U = 5(X2 – 4X)
mx1  mx 2
dU x=
F =  = – (10X – 20) 2m
dX
F = –10 (X – 2) Ft 2 x1  x 2
or, 
10 4m 2
a=– (X – 2)
m
Ft 2
a = –100 (X – 2)  SHM or, x1 + x2 = ...(i)
2m
a = –2y
hence w = 10, y = X – 2  mean position X – 2 = 0, X = 2m; Further, the extension of the spring is x1 – x2. Therefore,

2  x1 – x2 = x0 ...(ii)
T= = sec.
 5 2
1  Ft 
Vmax = A at mean position (X = 2m)] From Eqs. (i) and (ii), x1 =   x0 
2  2m 
39. (A), (D)
40. (B), (C) 2
41. (A,C,D) 1  Ft 
and x2 =   x0  Ans.
42. (A, B, C, D) 2  2 m 
43. (B,C) 48. In this problem the sand through a hole in the bottom of the
44. (B,C,D) U = U0 (1 – cos ax) cart. Hence, the relative velocity of the sand vr will be zero
because it will acquire the same velocity as that of the cart at
 At x = 0, U = 0 the moment.
As total energy is U0 vr = 0 v
m
K = U0 at x = 0 F
V is max
as this is max. K v
 dm 
at U = U0 i.e. cos x = 0 Thus, Ft = 0  as Ft  v r  and the net force will be F only..
 dt 

i.e. ax =  Fnet = F
2
 dv 
 or m   = F ....(i)
x  dt 
2a
But here m = m0 – t

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
dv v t Fdt m2
dv =  3
 (m0 – t)
dt
= F or  0 0 m 0  t m22  3m1m2   m1
51. Velocity of Chunnu = Vc & Vel. of ball = Vb = – (5 – Vc)
F F  m0   0 = McVc – Mb(5 – Vc)
v= [ln (m0 – t)]0t or v = ln   Ans.
   m 0  t 
M b (5) 5 5
From Eq. (i), acceleration of the cart  Vc = M  M = = 1/2 m/s
b c 5  45
dv F F 52. As R2 = eR1
a= = or a = m  t Ans.
dt m 0
d1
49. Because each shot of mass m (say) leaves the cannon with a d2 = 2ed1, d1 + d2 =
e
relative velocity u with a frequency n, the rate of loss of mass
d1 + d2 = v1t
of the system is given as
dm  v2 
r=  mn (d1 + d2) = v1  g 
dt  
R R
v a M m d1 = (ev1)t
(At time t)
f=N  2ev2  
 v2 
N d1 = (ev1)  g  ; d2 = ev1  g  
    
dm
 the impact force R  u  mnu
dt
 v1v 2  d1
 The net force acting on the system after a time t d2 = 2e2  g  ; d2 = 2ed1 ; d1 + d2 =
  e
 F = R – f  Ma = mnu –  N
where f is the force of friction d1
d1 + 2ed1 =
where N = Mg  Ma = mnu –  Mg ...(i) e
M = mass of the cannon with the shots remaining inside it 1 1
after a time t given as M = M0 – rt 1 + 2e = ; Solving e = ]
e 2
 M = M0 –mnt ...(ii)
53. Let after collision velocity of
mnu CM of rod is VCM, velocity of
using (i) and (ii) a = M  mnt  g particle is v' and angular
0
velocity is ', then
v t
dt
t Conservation of linear
Integrating both sides  dv  mnu  M
0 0 0  mnt
 g  dt
0
momentum gives
m m
t v = mV + v ' ...(1)
 1  2 CM 2
 ln | M 0  mnt |  gt
v = mnu  mn 0
Conservation of angular momentum about CM of rod gives
 M 0  mnt   M0 
 v = -u ln    gt  u ln    gt
 M  M
 0  mnt 
0
m  m  m 2
Since after a time t, the cannon + remaining shots has mass M
v· = v' + · ...(2)
2 4 2 4 12
 M0 – mnt = M writting restitution equation for collision
 v = u ln (M0/M) –  gt.
VCM  ( / 4)  v '
1= ...(3)
50. After m2 collides with m1 its velocity should be zero if v
maximum KE is to be given to m1 v' + 2VCM = v ...(1)
m2 – m1 = m1 (from momentum conservation) 2
v' + l = v ...(2)
 m2  m1  3
 v1   m v
 1  
VCM +  – v' = v ...(3)
4
1 1 2
 m2  m1   2  m112   m1  m 2  v2  m1 (m 2  2m1 )  2 
2 2 m1 (1) – (2)  VCM = 
3
m1( m1 m 2) = (m2 – m1)2  m12  m1m2  m22  m12  2m1m2

(2) + (3)  VCM +  = 2v
4

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
(Here vrel is relative velocity | to line as vrel along the line
  24  v 
joining is zero when separation is either min. or max.)
    = 2v ; = 7  l 
3 4   Angular momentum conservation
mr0 mr
 24 v 8 8  9 v0 = v
 VCM = · · = v ; v' = v – 2  v  = – v 2 2 rel
3 7  7 7  7
54. [(a) 2880 N, (b) 1728  N ] r0 v0
vrel =
4 r
(a) Force exerted by liquid on sphere = (0.6)3  1000  10
3 solving 3r2 – 4rr0 + r02 = 0
= 2880 N r0
(b) Sphere is in equilibrium  rmax = r0 rmin =
3
R  ratio = 3 (ans) ]
  = 0  B(R + ) – T (R + ) = W  2    58. With F = 200 N
 
F cos370 = N
& mg = N + F sin370
 N = Mg – F sin370
    (R / 2)  
T =  B  W    R  
    Fcos 370 
  =  0 
   (R / 2)   mg  Fsin 37 
T = Vwg – Vsg  
 R 
 160 
    (R / 2)   4 3 =   = 4/7
T =  w  s    R   3 R g  400  120 
  

After putting the values, T = 1728  N ] cm = 0  x = 20.1 cm ]
55. Applying conservation of energy (COE)
59. Force (T) immediately after collision
mgh for pulley mv20
for wheels T – mg =

 
 v0 = 4g
1 1 2 1 2 T = mg + 4 mg
mgs(sin – sin) = I2 + 2  mv   2  I 
2 2  2  = 50 N
where  = v/r & I = mr2/2
Putting values & solving 60.
7 Form linear momentum conservative (for collision B & C)
mgs(sin – sin) = mv2
4
v0
mv0 = 2mv  v =
1 10  3.5  4 3  2
v= 2 gs(sin   sin ) = 2    = 2 m/s
7 7 5 5

56. On the circular diagram FBD

4
Total angle rotated =
3

4 4 m
g  3g
T= =
aA = g , aBC =  aA/B = 2 
3 3 K 2
graph v 2A / B = U 2A / B + 2aA/B SA/B
2
v   3g 
 0 =  0   2 
 L
1 2
   2 
57. w.r.t. COM K.E. = (red mass) vrel2
2
v0 2 62
mr L= = = 1m
w.r.t. COM Angular momentum = v 12g 12  0.3  10
2 rel
61. Time in which C.M. reaches its highest point = 1 sec. (from
 Equating energy
v = u + at, putting v = 0, u = +10, a = 10 m/sec 2) after
1 m 2 Gm2 1 m 2 Gm 2 proejction angular velocity will not change as the torque of
v0  0 = vrel  external forces is zero.
2 2 r 2 2 r

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SOLUTION [WPE & MOMENTUM]
64. [0012] (i) Li = Lf

In 1 sec., the rod will rotate by an angle = t = × 1 rad. ml 2
l ml M
2  = MV × V = 0 V
12 2 6M
The rod will be vertical with point A at the lowest point.
m 
(ii) Pi = Pf
2
2 4 V1
aA = g –  L/2 = 10 – = 5 m/sec2 . mV1 l
4 2 0 = MV – mV1 V =   V1
M 6
63. [2600]
V  (  V1 )
(iii) e=1= l
 0
2
l
 V + V1 =
2
ml l l
 =
6M 6 2

m 
 M  1 = 3
 

m m
 = 2 M = = 12 kg. ]
M 2
65. [0003] 3 × 1 + 1 × 1 – 2 × 2 = 6V
V=0
J = 3[0 – 1] = – 3Ns. ]

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