Problems on Performance Testing of IC engines

1. A four cylinder 4 stroke petrol engine with a bore of 60mm and stroke of 90mm was tested
at 300rpm. The load on hydraulic dynamometer is 160N the fuel consumption is 5kg/hr.
Calorific value of the fuel is 44 MJ/kg. The temperature and the pressure at the end of the
suction is 150C and 1 bar. Air fuel ratio is 13. For the determination of mechanical efficiency
of the engine a Morse test was carried out by shorting the the spark plug of each cylinder
successively without change of the speed and the corresponding load on dynamometer are
110N,108N,113N and 111N respectively. The BP is given by

WxN
BP 
27,900 where W is the brake load in Newton and N is the engine speed in RPM
Determine (i) Mechanical, brake thermal and volumetric efficiency
(ii) Break mean effective pressure and specific fuel consumption
2. The following readings were taken on a single cylinder four stroke Diesel engine running at
400rpm. Load on the brake drum = 380N, spring balance reading = 50N, Diameter of the
brake drum = 120cm, Fuel consumption = 2.9kg/hr. Calorific value of the fuel = 42050kJ/kg.
Area of the indicator diagram = 4cm 2. spring constant = 100N/cm2-cm. Bore =16cm, stroke =
20cm. Determine the (i) SFC (ii) Mechanical efficiency (iii) Indicated thermal efficiency (iv)
BMEP.

3. The following data is given for a four stroke 4 cylinder diesel engine. Diameter of the
cylinder = 35cm, piston stroke = 40cm, speed of the engine = 315rpm. IMEP = 7bar, BP=
260kW, fuel consumption = 80kg/hr, Calorific value of the fuel = 43000kJ/kg. Hydrogen
content of the fuel = 13% and the remaining is the Carbon. Air consumption = 30kg/min,
cooling water circulated = 90kg/min. Rise in temperature of the cooling water = 38 0C. Piston
cooling oil used = 45kg/min. Rise in temperature of the cooling oil = 23 0C. Specific heat of
the cooling oil = 2.2 kJ/kgK. Exhaust gas temperature = 322 0C, Cp of the exhaust gas
=1.1kJ/kgK. Ambient temperature = 220C, Specific heat of the superheated steam= 2kgK
latent heat of steam=2520kJ/kg, specific heat of water=4.18kJ/kgK. (i) Find the Mechanical
efficiency and indicated thermal efficiency (ii) Draw heat balance sheet on minute basis.

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 4. A four stroke CI engine has four cylinders with 18cm bore and 22cm stroke. Assuming a
volumetric efficiency of 75% and indicated thermal efficiency of 31%, calculate the IP of the
engine when it runs at 1200rpm with a air fuel ratio of 0.065 on mass basis. Given the
calorific value of fuel = 44,000kJ/kg, ambient pressure = 1 bar and temperature = 27 0C.

IP ×3600
Hint : Use Indicated thermal efficiency = TFC × CV

Mass of air = ηv ×V s × ρair

Ans : IP =172.94 kW

5. A six cylinder SI engine works on a four stroke cycle. The bore and stroke of each
cylinder is 70mm and 1000mm respectively. The clearance volume per cylinder is 67cc. The
engine runs at 3300rpm and the fuel consumption is 18.5kg/hr and the torque developed is
135N-m. Calculate (i) Brake power (ii) BMEP (iii) Brake thermal efficiency (iv) Relative
efficiency.

V s +V c
Hint : Use equations compression ratio = Vc
2 πNT
BP = 60000 ,

BP ×3600 1
1− γ −1
Brake thermal efficiency = TFC × CV , Air standard efficiency = r

Ans: BP =46.65kW, Brake thermal efficiency = 20.17%, Air standard efficiency = 53.4%

6. A four cylinder four stroke petrol engine with 6cm bore and 9cm stroke was tested
under constant speed. The fuel supply was fixed to be 0.08kg/min and plugs of four
cylinders were successively short circuited without change of speed. The power measured
was as follows

(i) With all cylinders working = 11.94 kW.

(ii) With No-1 cylinder cut off= 8.55kW

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 (iii) With No-2 cylinder cut off= 8.55kW

(iv) With No-3 cylinder cut off= 8.6kW

(v) With No-4 cylinder cut off= 8.45kW

Find (a) Indicated power of the engine (b) Mechanical efficiency (c) Air standard efficiency if
the clearance is 65cm3.

7. A full load test on a 2 stroke engine yielded the following results:

Speed N= 450rpm, brake load =460N & brake diameter = 1.5m
IMEP = 2.9bar, cylinder diameter = 22cm & stroke = 27cm
Oil consumption = 5.4 kg/hr & A/F ratio by mass =31
Cooling water flow rate = 5.2kg/min & its temperature rise = 36.1 0C
Exhaust gas temperature = 3550C & its specific heat = 1kJ/kgK
Room temperature = 200C & barometric pressure = 76cm of mercury
Calorific value of the fuel = 40,000kJ/kg, Specific heat of exhaust gasses= 1 kJ/kgK
Determine (i) Indicated thermal efficiency (ii) BSFC (iii) Mechanical efficiency (iv) Volumetric
efficiency based on atmospheric conditions (v) Draw the heat balance sheet on kW basis.

8. A gas engine working on constant volume cycle gave the following result during one hour
test run. Cylinder diameter=24cm, stroke=48cm, Effective diameter of brake wheel=1.25m,
Net load on brake=1236N, Average speed =226.7rev/min Average explosions per minute=77,
MEP=7.5 bar, Gas used=13m3 at 150 and 771 mm of mercury pressure, lower calorific value
of the gas = 22,000 kJ/m3 at NTP. Cooling water used is 625 kg. Inlet temperature of the
water = 250C, outlet temperature of the water = 60 0C. determine (i) Mechanical efficiency (ii)
The specific fuel consumption in m3/I.P hour (iii) The indicated and brake thermal efficiency
(iv) Draw the heat balance sheet for the engine on minute basis. Given NTP conditions are
760mm of HG and 00C.

2 πNT IMEP × L × A × N × n BP
Hint : use equations BP = IP= , ηmec = IP ,
60000 , 60000

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 IP ×3600 BP ×3600
Indicated thermal efficiency = TFC × CV Brake thermal efficiency = TFC × CV
Heat carried away by exhaust gases qw =mcpΔTw
Heat un accounted =Total heat input –heat equivalent of BP-heat carried by exhaust gases

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