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Assignment - 1

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yared abebe
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IC ENGINES & RECIPROCATING MACHINES Department of Mechanical Engineering

ASSIGNMENT -1
MEng 4202 IC ENGINES & RECIPROCATING MACHINES

1. In an engine working on dual cycle, the temperature and pressure at the beginning of the cycle are
900 C and 1 bar respectively. The compression ratio is 9. The maximum pressure is limited to 68
bar and the total heat supplied per kg of air is 1750 kJ. Determine,
(i) Pressure and temperature at all salient points.
(ii) Air standard efficiency.
(iii)Mean effective pressure.
(Ans: 21.67 bar; 68 bar; 3.81 bar;874.1K; 2742.9 K; 3166 K; 1389.8 K;58.34 %; 11.04 bar)
2. An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 18, and the heat transferred to the working
fluid per cycle IS 1800 kJ/kg. At the beginning of the compression stroke, the pressure is 1 bar and
the temperature is 300 K. Calculate (i) thermal efficiency and (ii) the mean effective pressure.
(Ans: 61%; 13.58 bar)
3. A compression ignition engine has a stroke 270 mm, and a cylinder diameter of 165 mm. The
clearance volume is 0.000434 m3 and the fuel ignition takes place at constant pressure for 4.5 % of
the stroke. Find the efficiency of the engine assuming it works on the Diesel cycle.
(Ans: 61.7%)
4. A 4 cylinder petrol engine has a bore of 57 mm and a stroke of 90 mm. Its rated speed is 2800 rpm
and it is tested at this speed against a brake , which has a torque arm of 0.356 m. The net brake
load is 155 N and the fuel consumption is 6.74 liters /h. The specific gravity of the fuel used is 0.735
and it has a lower calorific value of 44200 kJ/kg. A Morse test is carried out and cylinders are cut
out in order 1, 2, 3, 4 with corresponding brake loads 111, 106.5, 104.2 and 111N respectively.
Calculate for this speed:
(i) The engine torque
(ii) The brake thermal efficiency
(iii) The mechanical efficiency
(iv) The brake mean effective pressure
(v) The specific fuel consumption
(vi) The indicated mean effective pressure
(Ans: 52.2 Nm; 7.55 bar; 26.6 %; 0.306 kg/kW-h; 82.8 %; 9.12 bar)
5. During a 60 minutes trial of a single cylinder 4S engine, the following observations were recorded:
Bore = 0.3 m, stroke 0.45 m, fuel consumption = 11.4 kg, calorific value of the fuel 42,000kJ/kg,
brake mean effective pressure = 6.0 bar, net load on brakes 1500 N, rpm = 300, brake drum
diameter = 1.8 m, brake rope diameter = 20 mm, quantity of jacket cooling water = 600 kg,
temperature rise of jacket water = 55ᴼ C, quantity of air as measured = 250 kg, exhaust gas
temperature 420 ᴼC, Cp for exhaust gases = 1 kJ/kg-K, ambient temperature = 20 ᴼC.
IC ENGINES & RECIPROCATING MACHINES Department of Mechanical Engineering

Calculate: (i) Indicated power (ii) Brake power (iii) Mechanical efficiency (iv) Indicated thermal
efficiency. Draw up a heat balance sheet on minutes basis.
(Ans: 47.7 kW; 42.9 kW; 89.9%; 35.86%)

6. Air consumption for a four stroke petrol engine is measured by means of a circular orifice diameter
3.2 cm. The co-efficient of discharge for the orifice is 0.62 and the pressure across the orifice is 150
mm of water. The barometer reads 760 mm of Hg. The temperature of air in the room is 20 0C.
The piston displacement volume is 0.00178 m3. The compression ratio is 6.5. The fuel
consumption is 0.135 kg/min and the calorific value is 43,900 kJ/kg. The brake power developed at
2500 rpm is 28 kW. Determine.
i) The volumetric efficiency on the basis of air alone.
ii) The air fuel ratio.
iii) The brake mean effective pressure.
iv) The relative efficiency on the brake thermal efficiency basis

7. An eight-cylinder, 4 stroke engine of 0.09 m bore and 0.08 m stroke with a compression ratio of 7 is
tested at 4500 rpm on a dynamometer which has 0.54 m arm. During a 10 min test the
dynamometer scale beam reading was 42 kgf and the engine consumed 4.4 kg of gasoline having a
calorific value of 44,000 kJ/kg. Air 300 K and 1 bar was supplied to the carburetor at the rate of 6
kg/min. Find the brake specific fuel consumption, brake specific air consumption, brake thermal
efficiency, volumetric efficiency and the air fuel.

8. The following data relate to 4 cylinders 4 stroke petrol engine. Air/fuel ratio by weight 16:1, calorific
value of the fuel = 45200 kJ/kg, mechanical efficiency = 82 %, air standard efficiency = 52%, relative
efficiency = 70%, volumetric efficiency = 78%, stroke/bore ratio = 1.25, suction condition = 1 bar
0
and 25 C, speed = 2400 rpm, power at brakes = 72 kW. Calculate the (i) compression
ratio (ii) indicated thermal efficiency (iii) brake specific fuel consumption (iv) bore and stroke.

9. During the trial (60 minutes) on a single cylinder oil engine having cylinder diameter 300 mm ,
stroke 450mm and working on the four stroke cycle , the following observations were made :
Total fuel used : 9.6 litres
C.V.of the fuel : 45,000 kJ/kg
Total No. of revolutions : 12624
Gross IMEP : 7.24 bar
Pumping IMEP : 0.34 bar
Net load on the brake : 3150 N
IC ENGINES & RECIPROCATING MACHINES Department of Mechanical Engineering

Diameter of the brake wheel drum: 1.78 m


Diameter of the rope : 40 mm
Cooling water circulated : 545 litres
Cooling water temperature rise : 25ºC
Specific gravity of oil : 0.8
Determine the indicated power , brake power and mechanical efficiency .
10. In a constant speed CI engine operating on four-stroke cycle and fitted with band brake, the
following observations were taken:
Brake wheel diameter 60 cm
Band thickness 5 mm
Speed 450 rpm
Load on band 210 N
Spring balance reading 30 N
Area of indicator diagram 4.15 cm2
Length of indicator diagram 6.25 cm2
Spring No 11, ie 11 bar /cm
Bore 10 cm
Stroke 15 cm
Specific fuel consumption 0.3 kg / kW-hr
Heating value of fuel 41800 kJ/kg
Determine the brake power, indicated power, mechanical efficiency, the indicated thermal
efficiency and the brake thermal efficiency.

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