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3.3 MAN MADE
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SATELLITES

34 NFFWTON's un , versa,
LAW OF GRAVITATION
Fan
3. 2 KEPLER'S LAWS

Prepared by :

Ms fafinah
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 # My EARTH

TB
GRAVITY : GRAVt]Y .
has a

A
to the
that exists due
} .
produces gravitational field
TA .
gravitational field causes

-
•
-
FIELD
N exist
to

Exists due to the existence

due to the existence
•
• Exists
of object which has
of object which has
-

An which has
•
object
will when

it is placed in a gravitational
field .

An which has
•
object .

will when

it is placed in a
magnetic field .

•
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 3. 1 NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION

Lan "
The gravitational force is proportional to
GRAVITATION.NL#E/ the product of mass of two bodies and

UNIVERSAL FORCE
-
inversely proportional to the square of
distance between the two bodies ":
A force that exists between
any
•

in the universe

• Exist in
 3.1 NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
EFFECTS OF MASS & DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO

BODIESONGRAVITAFALFOR.tt

* Textbook :
Activity 3.2 C. Page 8) *
 3.1 NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
EFFECTS OF MASS & DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO

BODIESONGRAVITAFALFOR.tt

* Textbook :
Activity 3.3 C. Page 82 ) *
r - T -
 3. 1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
RELATIONSHIP ( g 4G )

EXAMPLE :
* GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
Obtaining gravitational acceleration cg= g. Sims y
-

earth 's
↳
-

NEWTON 'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION :

Used to calculate the gravitational

f- ma
g Gm
=
=
force between
F- rz
mg
=

NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION

Used to calculate the gravitational
F =
Gmimz
force between
rz

saiiiietaatioi::
'
g-

g. G =
gravitational
constant

earth radius
r =

M = earth mass
 3. 1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION

RELAH¥ : UNDERSTANDING GRAPH OF 9 vs r

* Textbook :
Activity 3.5 C. Page 84) *
I
 IMPORTANCE OF KNOWING THE VALUE 3.1 NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION

OF GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION

① Potential to make a new planet as our home

-
Be
Finding a
planet with a suitable '
g
'
is important .

If g is too
weight
'
'
high , human would also
be too high .

② Potential to mine for natural resources from

other planets and leave the planets safely .

-
Be
knowing
'
g
'
allows scientists to determine
the needs to be achieved so that * PLANETS & THEIR GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION
velocity
an object can overcome the gravitational force
of a planet in order to escape safely .

→
 IMPORTANCE OF KNOWING THE VALUE 3.1 NEWTON'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
OF GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION

* Textbook :
Activity 3.8 C. Page 87) *
 3. 1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION

CENTRIPETAL FORCE IN THE MOTION OF SATELLITES & PLANETS

 3. 1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
CENTRIPETAL FORCE IN THE

MOTION OF SATELLITES & PLANETS

* Textbook : C page 89 ) *
 3.1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
CENTRIPETAL FORCE IN THE MOTION OF SATELLITES & PLANETS
-
 DAYA MEM USAT DALAM 51ST EM GERAKAN SATELIT & PLANET 34 HUKUM KEGRAVITIAN SE MESTA NEWTON
-

* Isaac Newton 's prediction now a reality :

• Satellites always
acting

f- = F =

TRAJECTORY 1 TRAJECTORY 2

* VELOCITY OF SATELLITE

magnitude :

direction :

:
• acceleration is occurring
 3.1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
CENTRIPETAL FORCE IN THE MOTION OF SATELLITES & PLANETS
-
 3. 1 NEWTON 'S UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
FTtEEARTHN

Newton 's Universal

Law of Gravitation centripetal force
 * Scientific laws that describe the motion of
EPLER'SLAWS
planets around the sun .

-
KEPLER 'S 1st LAW KE€ER'ÉÉ
f.
KEPLER 'S 3rd LAK

KEPLER 'S 2nd LAW

,

elliptical
/ orbit

1- 2hr3
• T = Orbital period of a planet
r= radius of orbit

axis > minor axis

o
major
• most orbits of the planets in the

Solar system have major and minor

axis of almost the same length .

÷ shape of elliptical orbit of the

planets in the Solar system is •

Area AFB = CFD
almost round .

: Moving time
• Planets are assumed to make
A to B = C to D
circular motion around the Sun .
 ÉPÉES
Gravitational

ۃ
centripetal
force =
force

KEPLER 'S 3rd LAW

✓ = Orbit distance Cl complete round )

Orbital period

substitute ② into ① :

-
SOLVING
ÉPÉES
PROBLEMS USING KEPLER 'S THIRD LAW FORMULA
SOLVING
ÉPÉES
PROBLEMS USING KEPLER 'S THIRD LAW FORMULA
 EXAMPLE
3.ÉEATETE

ORBIT OF SATELLITE

Linear speed of satellite

qgggyggg

MA
mnmomG -3µg
unmask
moon
 3. 3 MAN MADE
-
SATELLITES
GEO STATIONERY & NON SATELLITE
-
-
GEO STATIONERY

ÑlE
XAMPLES OF SATELLITES

MqGMBABpMbm m m¥;µ ÷ _SPANÉATETE

""

FUNCTION :
MA
 ESCAPE 3'2MADESATELLlTES
VELOCITY

•
Calculate earth 's escape velocity :

EÉEE-y :

Earth 's
o
mass = 5.97 ✗ 1024kg
• Earth 's radius = G- 37 ✗ 100m
ESCAPE
3.2MADESAtETE
VELOCITY

How does earth 's

escape velocity affects
the earth 's
atmosphere and aeroplane ?
ESCAPE VELOCITY 3.2MADESAtETE
ESCAPE VELOCITY 3.2MADESATtTE