RFINDING THE MEAN AND THE VARIANCE OF THE

SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS

Semi – Detailed Lesson Plan
Grade 11 Statistics and Probability

Most Essential Learning Competencies

 The learner finds the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean
(M11/12SP-IIId-5)
 The learner defines the sampling distribution of the sample mean for normal population
when the variance is: (a) known; (b) unknown (M11/12SP-IIIe-1)

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a) define the sampling distribution of the sample mean for normal population when
the variance is known or unknown;
b) identify the properties of the sampling Distribution of sample means;
c) familiarize themselves to the table construction of a sampling distribution of a
sample mean;
d) calculate the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean;
and
e) appreciate the application of sampling distribution of the sample mean by relating
it to real life situation.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Finding the Mean and the Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample
Means

Reference: Statistics and Probability Alternative Delivery Mode. Quarter 3 – Module 5:

Finding the Mean and the Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means,
2020

Materials: Laptop, Visual Aids, Images, chalk and Blackboard.

III. Procedure
A. Routinely Activities
1. Prayer
Lord, we praise and glorify your Holy Name. We thank you for this
wonderful day that you’ve given us and for another chance to live, for us to be
able to continuously adore you. Lord God, forgive every one of us in our sins. We
are asking for your love, care and guidance for each and every one of us and for
our family and loved ones. Please give our teacher wisdom and enough
knowledge. Protect us Lord from all evil deeds. All these in your Mighty Name,
Amen.

2. Greetings
3. Checking of Attendance
4. Setting of Standards
5. Review of the Previous Lesson

B. Motivation
 WE HEAL AND RECOVER AS ONE!
Directions: Stand and shout “WE HEAL AS ONE!” if the statement is correct and
stay seated and shout “WE RECOVER AS ONE!” is the statement is incorrect.

1. Theoretically, a histogram demonstrating the mean of all samples analyzed from

a given population would known as a sampling distribution.
2. The review of sampling distributions of the sample means will be the baseline for
inferential statistics and the test hypothesis.
3. The total value of all possible samples means that all possible random samples
of a given population size will be equal to the population mean only if the data
were normally distributed.
4. For any population, the standard deviation of the sample means is approximately
equal to the standard deviation of the population.
5. When the average of all possible values of the sample statistics is equal to the
parameter, the statistics known as a biased estimator of the parameter.

C. Lesson Proper
Presentation of Objective

D. Activity
A. “FIX ME BEFORE YOU GO!”
Directions: With the given jumbled letters. Complete the statements below by
arranging the letters. Write your answer in a ¼ sheet of paper. 10 seconds to
answer each item.

1. A – S – N – L – M – P – G – I
The __________ distribution of sample means is frequently distribution of the
sample means taken from a population.

2. O – T – M – A – R – S – I – G – H
The __________ of the sampling distribution of the sample means is a graph
constructed by plotting the sample means along the horizontal axis and the problem
along the vertical axis.

3. A – M – E – N
The __________ of the sampling distribution of the sample means is equal
to the mean of the population.

4. R – O – R – E – R
Standard _________ of the mean is the standard deviation of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean.

5. D – E – X – E – P – E – T - C
Mean is also called _________ value.

B. SEND HELP!

Situation: It is Monday! Harvey is very enthusiastic and challenged for his

modular distance learning (MDL) experience at week 5 in Statistics and
Probability. His encounter with past quarters and modules justifies his excitement
in learning more about the core subject. He chose the MDL’s digital Module
Scheme because it is more practical to his condition.
On the other hand, his mobile phone notified him that Module 5 of
Statistics and probability had been posted to their Facebook Learning Space,
ready to be accessed and downloaded. Surprisingly, there’s a problem with
Harvey. He forgot his 5-digit smartphone passcode!
Let us help Harvey decode his passcode by renewing the past lesson on
the introduction of sampling distribution of sample means.

Directions: On a one (1) whole sheet of paper, copy the Code table and review
the concepts of the previous lesson by completing the paragraphs and tables
provided. Link them to the corresponding number in the Code Table.

CODE TABLE
CODE
ANSWER 602.720 3.727 24.550 13.889 5.860
For Codes 1 and 2: Given the set data: X = {2, 5, 6, 9, 11,13}, complete
the corresponding table and compute for the variance and standard deviation.

X X2
2 4
5 25
6 36
9 81
11 121
13 169
46 436

Variance (Code 1) = Standard Deviation (Code 2) =

For Code 3: Find the mean or the expected value of the given probability
distribution below.
X P(X) X ⋅ P(X)
0 0.100 0.000
2 0.150 0.300
4 0.200 0.800
5 0.140 0.700
6 0.150 0.900
8 0.090 0.720
11 0.030 0.330
15 0.050 0.750
14 0.050 0.700
16 0.030 0.480
18 0.010 0.180
 46 1.000 5.860

Mean (Code 4) =
For Code 4 and 5: Compute the variance and standard deviation of the given
probability distribution below.
X X2 P(X) X ⋅ P(X)
0 0 0.100 0.000
2 4 0.150 1.200
4 16 0.200 12.800
5 25 0.140 17.500
6 36 0.150 32.400
8 64 0.090 46.080
11 121 0.030 39.930
15 225 0.050 168.750
14 196 0.050 137.200
16 356 0.030 122.880
18 324 0.010 58.320
46 1, 267 1.000 637.060

Variance (Code 4) = Standard Deviation (Code 5) =

E. Analysis
Using the PowerPoint presentation, the teacher will ask some questions based
from the activity and let the students volunteer to answer the given questions.
 How did you find the activity?
 Do you think that you have the correct understanding of the given terms?
 Are you familiar with sampling distribution of the sample mean?

F. Abstraction
The teacher will continue and present the topics.
 A sampling distribution of sample mean is a frequency distribution using
means computed from all possible random samples of a specific size taken
from a population. The means of the sample are less than or greater of
greater than population.
 Sampling error is the difference between the sample mean and the
population.

Defining Sampling distribution of Sample mean for normal population when the variance
is known and unknown.
Population Variance σ2 in known Population Variance σ2 in unknown
The population has mean μ and Variance
σ2
Standard Error: Standard Error:
σ s
 σ x̄ = √ n S x̄ = √ n
z-distribution: t-distribution:
x̄ − μ x̄ − μ
 Z= σ  t= t
√n √n
 N > 30
Example: Determine whether the following statement have a known or unknown
population variance. Identify also the formula to be used to estimate the standard error
of the mean.

1. Consider a population of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 11. Samples of size 3 are drawn from

this population.
 Given: N = 9 and n = 3.
 Sampling distribution when the variance is known.
σ
 The standard error formula: σ x̄ = √ n
2. Given the population mean is 12, and a sample standard deviation of 3 in a sample
size of 125.
 Given: μ = 12, s = 3, and n = 125.
 The population variance is unknown.
s
 The standard error formula: S x̄ = √ n
3. An SHS teacher claims that the average time it takes a group of students to
complete the mathematics examination is 50.5 minutes with a variance of 17.64
minutes2. She randomly selected 45 students and found to have a mean of 52
minutes and a standard deviation of 3.5 minutes. She then used the z-distribution to
find out if the group can complete the exam faster than the population.
 Given: μ=50.5. σ2= 17.64, X̄ = 52, and s=3.5.
 The population variance is known.
σ
 The standard error formula: σ x̄ = √ n
4. A manufacturer of lightbulbs produces bulbs that last a mean of 800 hours with a
standard deviation of 100 hours. To assess the claim of the manufacturer, a random
sample of 12 of these bulbs was tested and found to have a mean of 790 hours. He
x̄ − μ
then used the test variate t = t .
√n
 Given: μ=800, σ = 100, n = 52, and X̄= 790.
 The population variance is unknown.
s
 The standard error formula: S x̄ = √ n

Properties of the Sampling Distribution of Sample Mean

 1. The mean of the population μ, is also the mean of the sample μx̄ taken from the
population. Therefore μx̄= μ.
Formula: μx̄= ∑ [ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄) ]

2. The variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means is given by:
σ2 x̄ =∑[ P ( X̄ ) ⋅¿ – μ)2] or ∑[ X2 ⋅ P ( X̄ )] - μ2

3. The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean is given
by:

σx̄ =
√
σ 2 N −n
∙
√ n N −1
correction factor
for finite population where
√
N − n is the finite population
N −1

σ2
σx̄ = for infinite population.
√n

Calculating the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

Illustrative Example: The following table gives the sum of tutorial rate of six
teachers in Central Luzon per month. Suppose that random samples of size 4 are taken
from this population of six teachers, do the following tasks.

Teacher Tutorial Rate (in thousand

pesos) X
A 8
B 12
C 16
D 20
E 24
F 28
STEPS
1. Solve for the mean of the population μ.
2. Solve for the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means μx̄.
3. Compare μ and μx̄.
4. Solve for the variance (σ2) and the standard deviation (σ) of the population.
5. Solve the variance (σ2x̄) and the standard deviation (σx̄) of the sampling
distribution of the sample means μx̄.
6. Compare σ and σx̄.
SOLUTIONS:
1. The population mean μ is solved as follows
∑ X 8+12+16+20+24 +28 108
μ= = = =8
N 6 6
 Therefore, population mean of the tutorial rates of the select teachers in
Central Luzon is 18 thousand pesos per month.
2. To solve for the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means, the
following steps are to be considered.
a. Identify the possible samples of size 4 and compute their individual means.
Possible Sample Sample Mean X
8,12,16,20 14
8,12,16,24 15
8,12,16,28 16
8,12,20,24 16
8,12,20,28 17
8,12,24,28 18
8,16,20,24 17
8,16,20,28 18
8,16,24,28 19
8,20,24,28 20
12,16,20,24 18
12,16,20,28 19
12,16,24,28 20
12,20,24,28 21
12,20,24, 28 22
b. Construct the sampling distribution table for the sample means and multiply
the sample means to their probabilities.
Sample Mean Frequency P(X) X ⋅ P(X)
14 1 1/15 14/15
15 1 1/15 15/15
16 2 2/15 32/15
17 2 2/15 34/15
18 3 3/15 54/15
19 2 2/15 38/15
20 2 2/15 40/15
21 1 1/15 21/15
22 1 1/15 22/15
Total 15 15/15 or 1 270/15
 c. Solve for the mean of the sampling distribution of the sampling distribution of
the sample means by using the following formula μx̄= ∑ [ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄) ].

270
μx̄= ∑ [ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄) ] = = 18
15
Therefore, the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means is 18.
3. The population mean μ is 18 and the mean of the sample means μx̄ is 18.
Therefore, μ ¿ μx̄.
4. To solve for the variance (σ ) and the standard deviation (σ) of the population,
2

the given table below will be utilized.

X X2
8 64
12 144
16 256
20 400
24 576
28 784
108 2,224

Variance Standard Deviation

σ2 =
∑X2
N
–(
∑X 2
N
) σ=
N√
∑ X2 ∑ X
–(
N
)2
2,224 108 2
√
2
σ2 = –( ) σ = 2,224 – ( 108 )
6 6 6 6
σ2 = 4.67 σ = 6.83
Therefore, the variance of the population is 4.83 and the standard deviation of is
6.83.
5. To solve for the variance (σ2x̄) and the standard deviation (σx̄) of the sampling
distribution of the sample means, the following steps are to be considered.

a. The following formula will be utilized to solve for the variance (σ 2x̄) and the
standard deviation (σx̄) of the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Variance Standard Deviation

σ2x̄ = ∑ [ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄) ] - μ2 x̄ σx̄ = √ ∑[ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄ )]− μ2 x̄

b. Construct the sampling distribution table for the sample means, square the
sample means and multiply the result to the probabilities.
Sample Mean X̄ X̄ 2 Probability P X̄ 2 . P ( X̄ )
( X̄ ¿
14 196 1/15 196/15
15 225 1/15 225/15
16 256 2/15 256/15
17 289 2/15 289/15
18 324 3/15 324/15
19 361 2/15 361/15
20 400 2/15 400/15
 21 441 1/15 441/15
22 484 1/15 484/15
Total 2,976 15/15 or 1 4930/15 or 328.67

c. Solve for the variance and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of
the sample means by using the given formula.

Variance Standard Deviation

σ2x̄ = ∑ [ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄) ] - μ2 x̄ σx̄ = √ ∑[ X̄ ⋅ P( X̄ )]− μ2 x̄

σ2x̄ = 328.67 – (18) 2 σx̄ = √ 328.67 −(18)2

σ2x̄ = 4.67 σx̄ = 2.16

Therefore, the variance and the standard deviation of the sampling

distribution of the sampling distribution of the sample means are 4.67 and
2.16, respectively.

6. The variance of the population and sample mean are equal with the value of
4.67. The standard deviation of the population is 6.83 and standard deviation of
the sample means is 2.16. Therefore, σ is not equal to σx̄.

G. Application
The teacher will let the students pick numbers from a box; every number
corresponds a task/problem to be solved/answer by the student.

Task 1:
Two balls are drawn in succession without replacement from an urn
containing 5 orange balls and 6 violet balls. Let V be the random variable
representing the number of violet balls. Find the values of the random variable V.

Taysk 2:
In the Venn Diagram give a differences and similarities from discrete and
continuous random variables.

H. Generalization
The teacher will ask the students to complete the following sentences.
1. I learned that ________________________.
2. I realized that ________________________.

IV. Evaluation
I. Identify whether the given random variables is discrete or continuous.
1. Time (in hours) consumed on Facebook on a particular day.
2. Number of children in a household.
 3. Usual number of text messages sent in a day.
4. Body temperature.
5. Total Household expenditures last month in pesos.

II. A basket contains 10 red balls and 4 white balls. If three balls are taken from the
basket one after the other, determine the possible values of the random variable
R representing the number of red balls.

V. Assignment

Give each five examples for discrete and continuous random variables.