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    IDS Unit - 3

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    Vrindapareek
    Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence that allows software to improve automatically through experience. The document discusses the scope of ML in data science, types of ML including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and reinforcement learning. It also explains ML algorithms with the steps of collecting and preparing data, choosing a model, training the model, evaluating performance, tuning parameters, and making predictions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ML in data science are presented along with the differences between a classifier, which is the algorithm that classifies data, and classification, which is the end result of predicting class labels.

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    IDS Unit - 3

    Uploaded by

    Vrindapareek
    64 views4 pages
    Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence that allows software to improve automatically through experience. The document discusses the scope of ML in data science, types of ML including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and reinforcement learning. It also explains ML algorithms with the steps of collecting and preparing data, choosing a model, training the model, evaluating performance, tuning parameters, and making predictions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ML in data science are presented along with the differences between a classifier, which is the algorithm that classifies data, and classification, which is the end result of predicting class labels.

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    Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence that allows software to improve automatically through experience. The document discusses the scope of ML in data science, types of ML including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and reinforcement learning. It also explains ML algorithms with the steps of collecting and preparing data, choosing a model, training the model, evaluating performance, tuning parameters, and making predictions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ML in data science are presented along with the differences between a classifier, which is the algorithm that classifies data, and classification, which is the end result of predicting class labels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    64 views4 pages

    IDS Unit - 3

    Uploaded by

    Vrindapareek
    Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence that allows software to improve automatically through experience. The document discusses the scope of ML in data science, types of ML including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised and reinforcement learning. It also explains ML algorithms with the steps of collecting and preparing data, choosing a model, training the model, evaluating performance, tuning parameters, and making predictions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ML in data science are presented along with the differences between a classifier, which is the algorithm that classifies data, and classification, which is the end result of predicting class labels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Unit – 3

    Q. 1 Scope or Role of ML in Data Science


    1. Machine learning analyzes and examines large chunks of data automatically.
    2. It automates the data analysis process and makes predictions in real-time
    without any human involvement.
    3. We can build and train the data model to make real-time predictions.
    4. We use machine learning algorithms in data science when we want to make
    accurate estimates about a given set of data.
    5. It helps to identify the important features that affect the predictions to solve a
    business problem.

    Q. 2 What is Machine Learning and its types ?


    Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows software
    applications to become more accurate at predicting outcomes without being
    explicitly programmed. Machine learning algorithms use historical data as input
    to predict new output values.

    Types of Machine Learning :


    1. Supervised Learning
     Type of Machine Learning which is trained on Labeled Data.
     In these ML, data needs to labeled accurately.
     It finds a cause and effect relationship between input and output
    parameters.
     It generate expected predictions for the response to new data.

    2. Unsupervised Learning
     Type of Machine Learning where we don’t give a target to our model.
     While training, model has only input parameters values.
     In these learning, model has to find which way it can learn by itself.
     In these training data may be unstructured and unlabeled.

    3. Semi – Supervised Learning


     Type of learning whose working lies between Supervised and
    Unsupervised learning.
     It deals with the data that is little bit labeled and rest of large portion
    of it is unlabeled.
     It uses unsupervised learning to predict labels and then feed these
    labels to supervised learning.
     It is mostly applicable in the case of Image datasets.

    4. Reinforcement Learning
     It is a feedback based ML technique in which an agent learns to
    behave in an environment by performing actions and seeing
    the results of actions.
     In these the agent learns automatically using feedbacks without using
    any labeled data.
     Solves a specific type of problem where decision making is sequential
    and goal is long term.

    Q. 3 What is ML algorithm and explain with steps ?


    Machine learning algorithms are mathematical model mapping methods used to
    learn or uncover underlying patterns embedded in the data.

    Steps of Machine Learning :


    Step 1 : Collect Data
    Given the problem you want to solve, you will have to investigate and
    obtain data that you will use to feed your machine.

    Step 2 : Prepare the data


    It will be necessary to make a selection of characteristics since the ones you
    choose will directly impact the execution times and the results.

    Step 3 : Choose the model


    There are several models that you can choose according to the objective
    that you might have.

    Step 4 : Train your machine model


    You will need to train the model on datasets to run smoothly and see an
    incremental improvement in the prediction rate.

    Step 5 : Evaluation
    You will have to check the machine created against your evaluation data set
    that contains inputs that the model does not know and verify the precision
    of your already trained model.
    Step 6 : Parameter Tuning
    If during the evaluation you did not obtain good predictions and your
    precision is not the minimum desired, it is possible that you have
    overfitting -or underfitting problems and you must return to the training
    step before making a new configuration of parameters in your model.

    Step 7 : Prediction or Inference


    You are now ready to use your Machine Learning model inferring results in
    real-life scenarios.

    Q. 4 What are advantages and disadvantages of ML in Data Science ?

    Advantages :
    1. Automation of Everything : Machine Learning is responsible for
    cutting the workload and time. By automating things we let the
    algorithm do the hard work for us.

    2. Wide Range of Applications : ML has a wide variety of applications.


    This means that we can apply ML on any of the major fields.

    3. Scope of Improvement : The reason is, it has a lot of research areas in


    it. This helps us to improve both hardware and software.

    4. Efficient Handling of Data : ML plays the biggest role when it comes to


    data at this time. It can handle any type of data.

    5. Best for Education and Online Shopping : ML would be the best tool
    for education in the future. It provides very creative techniques
    to help students study.

    Disadvantages :
    1. Possibility of High Error : In ML, we can choose the algorithms based
    on accurate results. For that, we have to run the results on
    every algorithm. The main problem occurs in the training and
    testing of data.

    2. Algorithm Selection : The selection of an algorithm in Machine


    Learning is still a manual job. We have to run and test our data
    in all the algorithms.
    3. Data Acquisition : In ML, we constantly work on data. We take a huge
    amount of data for training and testing. This process can
    sometimes cause data inconsistency.

    4. Time and Space : If your data is large and advanced, the system will
    take time. This may sometimes cause the consumption of more
    CPU power.

    Q. 5 What is difference between Classification and Classifier ? Explain with


    example.

    Classifier Classification

    1. A classifier is the algorithm itself – 1. Classification is the process of


    the rules used by machines to classify predicting the class of given data
    data. points

    2. It is a function that weighs the


    2. It is the end result of your
    input features so that the output
    classifier's machine learning.
    separates one class.

    3. Classification uses model is trained


    3. A classifier is a special case of a
    using the classifier, so that the model,
    hypothesis or model.
    ultimately, classifies your data.

    4. Example : whether a person is


    4. Example : Naïve Bayes Classifier suffering from a disease X (answer in
    Yes or No).

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