ADVANCE GRAMMAR

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE “WITHOUT” IF

Prepared By :

1. Nur Hafshah Romero A1M2 18 005

2. Andriano A1M2 18 013
3. Muawiyah Nur Redinda A1M2 18 021
4. Eka Fitri A1M2 16 012
5. Alfianti A1M2 16 004

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRINING AND EDUCATION

HALU OLEO UNIVERSITY

KENDARI

2020
A. Defenition
Conditional sentence is used to express something that might occur or might not
occur as expected. Conditional sentence consist of two parts: if-clause and main clause.
Example:
 If I study hard, I will pass the exam.
If I study hard” is if-clause, and “I will pass the exam” is main clause
In English, conditional sentences are generally expressed using " if ". Therefore,
the conditional sentence is also called (if cllause) in the discussion "grammar". However,
in some conditions it is also possible to make conditional sentences without using ” if " ,
it is called conditional Sentence without if.

B. Conditional Sentences Without If with Inversion

The first Conditional Sentence without is "inversion". Sentence Inversion is a

sentence in which the order position of the subject and predict is different from the usual
sentence. In the Inversion sentence, the predicate is positioned before the subject.
Conditional sentences with Inversion are considered more formal than ordinary
conditional sentences.

The form of Conditional Sentence without if with inversion is different for each
type. In the examples below the NOR code is meant for (normal if clause pattern) and
INV is meant for (inversion pattern).

 Type 1: Possible to happen in the future (INVERSION TYPE 1 "SHOULD +

S")

NORMAL PATTERN = If + S + V1 / TOBE (is, am, are), S + Will / Can / May + V1

/ be

INVERSION PATTERN = SHOULD + S + V1 / BE, S + Will / Can / May + V1 / be

Examples:

NOR: If you study hard, you will pass the exam with flying colors.

INV: Should you study hard, you will pass the exam with flying colors.

NOR: If you don't have any schedule tomorrow, I will visit you.
 INV: Should you not have any schedule tomorrow, I will visit you.

 Type 2: Impossible to happen now (INVERSION TYPE 2 "WERE + S")

NORMAL PATTERN = If + S + V2 / were + Object / Complement, S + Would +

V1 / be

INVERSION PATTERN = Were + S + Complement, S + Would + V1 / be

Note: Sentences that can be converted into INVERSION form for conditional
sentences TYPE 2 only sentences that use TOBE (WERE)

Examples:

NOR: If I were you, I would go home now.

INV: Were I you, I would go home now.

NOR: If My English teacher was absent today, I would stay at the library.

INV: Were My English teacher absent today, I would stay at the library.

 Type 3: Impossible to happen in the past (INVERSION TYPE 3 "HAD + S")

NORMAL PATTERN = If + S + Had + V3 / been, S + Would have + V3 / been

INVERSION PATTERN = Had + S + V3 / been, S + Would have + V3 / been

Examples:

NOR: If I had studied here last week, I would have met her.

INV: Had I studied here last week, I would have met her.

NOR: If you hadn't been absent yesterday, your teacher wouldn't have been angry
with you.

INV: Had you not been absent yesterday, your teacher wouldn't have been angry with
you.

C. Change Conditional Sentence withhout if with subjunctive

 a. Unless

Unless means the same as if... not. Like if, it is followed by a present tense, a
past tense, or a past perfect. It is used instead of if + not in conditional sentences of all
types. Examples:

 You will be sick unless you stop eating. ( You will be sick if you do not stop
eating).
 I will not pay unless you provide the goods immediately. ( If you do not provide
them I will not pay).
b. Wish

When we use wish followed by a verb in the to-infinitive form, wish means
the same as want, but it is more formal. We do not normally use wish in the
continuous form when we use it with a to-infinitive:

 I wish to speak to Mr. Hennessy, please.

Not: I am wishing to speak to…

We don’t use a that-clause after wish when it is a more formal version of want:

 I wish to visit you in the summer, if possible.

Not: I wish (that) I visit you in the summer

We can use an object (underlined), before the to-infinitive:

 I did not wish my family to know about Sara, so I told them nothing.

When we use an object after wish, we must also use a verb in the to-infinitive
form. Alternatively, we can say want or (more politely) would like:

 We wish to have a table near the window, please. (or we would like a table near the
window, please.)
 Not: We wish a table near the window …

 Wish + indirect object + direct object

We use wish with two objects, an indirect object + a direct object, for
expressions of good wishes and hopes that good things will happen to people:

 I wish you success in your new job.

 I’ve got my driving test tomorrow. Wish me luck!
 Wish + that-clause

We use wish with a that-clause when we regret or are sorry that things are not
different. We imagine a different past or present:

 I just wish that everything could be as it used to be.

c. If Only

We use if only to express a strong wish that things could be different. It means the
same as I wish but is stronger. We use it to talk about past, present and future unreal
conditions.

 We use if only + past verb forms to talk about a wish for the present:
 If only he knew the truth. (he doesn’t know the truth, but he wishes he did)

Not: If only he knows the truth.

 If only there was something she could do or say to help.

Not: If only there is something she could do or say to help.

 We sometimes use were instead of was in more formal situations:

 If only she weren’t so tired. (If only she wasn’t so tired.)

To talk about a wish for the future or to show a contrast between how things are
and how we would like them to be, we use if only + would + infinitive without to:
 If only someone would buy the house.
 If only they would talk to each other.

We use if only + past perfect to talk about a wish to change something that has
already happened:

 If only he had listened to what his friends had been telling him. (He didn’t listen.)
 If only Anna had been able to come. (Anna wasn’t able to come.)
d. Even if

Even if focuses that something will happen, would happen or would have
happened in any case or condition. This conjunction emphasizes that a specific
situation will continue no matter what happens.

Examples:

 Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss your train.

(It is impossible to catch the train no matter what you do including taking a taxi.)

 Even if it is rainy, we will play football.

(We will play football in any condition including rain.)

 We can use "even if" in three types of Conditionals

 Type 1:

Even if they invite me, I will not go there.

 Type 2:

Even if they invited me, I would not go there.

 Type 3:

Even if they had invited me, I would not have gone there.

e. So/As Long As, Providing/Provided (that)

 So/as long as and providing/provided (that) can be used instead of if to express a
condition. Note that providing/provided (that) is a bit formal:

 You can stay here as long as you keep quiet

 You can play in the living room as long as you do not make a mess

f. Suppose/Supposing, What if

Suppose/supposing and what if can replace if, mainly in everyday conversation,

and are often used without the main clause:

 Suppose/supposing you won the lottery, what would you do?

 Suppose/supposing you cannot find a job?
 What if you are not accepted to the university? What will you do then?
g. If It Were Not for / If It Had Not Been for, But for

These expressions mean "without". They are used in second and third conditionals
and are usually followed by a noun phrase:

 If it were not for Miguel, we would not know what to do now. (Without Miguel...)
 If it had not been for your foolishness, we would not have got lost. (If you had not been
such a fool)
h. If in Doubt, If Possible, If Necessary

We can make the if-clause shorter by omitting the subject and the verb be:

 If (you are) in doubt, consult a dictionary.

In certain idiomatic expressions, the subject and be are normally omitted:

 If necessary, you can call Jake at home.

 I would like a seat by the window if possible.

i.In Case
 We use in case to talk about things we should do in order to be prepared for
possible future situations:

 Shall I keep some chicken salad for your brother in case he’s hungry when he gets here?
 In case I forget later, here are the keys to the garage.

REFERENCES
 https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/penggunaan-unless-dalam-bahasa-inggris.aspx

https://www.englishiana.com/2018/12/conditional-sentences-without-if.html

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/conditionals-and-wishes/
conditionals-other-expressions-unless-should-as-long-as

https://www.grammaring.com/if-even-if-only-if-as-long-as-provided-supposing-unless-but-for-
if-necessary-if-so-in-case-etc