Everyday Electronics 1978 11

r
Easy to build projects for everyone
PECIAL SUPPLEMENT
...I've just built the

PHONE CALL CHARGEMETER
and this AIR FRESHENER
...they're terrific !
COMBINATION LOCK GOOD GAME,
EFFECTS
OSCILLATOR
Ideal for B inners
ha 75c South Africa 70c New Zealand 85c Malaysia 52.25
Iron out the little problems...
-4411110101n6
[illustrated)
A general purpose iron also with a ceramic and steel

shaft to give you toughness comoined with rear -pared
insulation Fitted with 8 bit ale priced at £4.15
1
inclusive of VAT and PAP Range of 4 other bits

available
Model CX- 17 watts
a miniature iron with the element enclosed first in a

ceramic shalt. then in a stainleso steel Virtually leak
free Only 712 long Fitted wilt a 3.32 bit
E4.15 inclusive of VAT and P 9 Range of 5 other bits
available from `v down to 3/64'
Model SK3 Klt

Contains both
the model
CO230
soldering iron
and Me stand
Model SK4 Kit
With the
model
025,240
general
purpose bon
Model TCSU1 Soldering Station
...with Antex
The ANTEX multi purpose range of soldering
ST3 Priced and Me ST3
at E5.49
inclusive of
stand this
kit is a must
equipment is fast becoming a must for every
VAT and P &P
It makes ar
for every
IDOlkit in me
home. Built with precision for long life, each
excellent
present for the
home Priced
E5.99 iron is fully tested and guaranteed.
radio amateur inclusve of
modelmaker
or hobbyist
VAT and
PAP
ANTEX soldering irons are made in England
Model SKI Kit to strict local and international standards
# i°
This kit contains a 15 watt
miniature soldering iron corn.
of safety.
___.,,_-,.
11111110:11
e
-4..
plate with 2 spare bits a coil of
soldera neat sink and a booklet
Howls solder Priced at £6.44 rictus.
we of VAT and P &P
-id- Our name for reliability is spreading
from all over Europe to U.S.A. l 0
/ e#oP
The TCSCI soldering station with either the OTC
Model MLX Kit 50 wan- 24/26 volt soldering iron or the CTC 35 watt
soldenng iron for pm point precision and excephonally
to Japan and to many other ,;,0.
,1,43
The soldering iron in this kit fast recovery nine
can be operated I rom any
We have put at least twice as much power into irons countries.
ordinary Car battery It is fitted
$
/
which are already well known for good recovery time
with 15feet flexible cable and
battery Clips Packed ea strong
The temperature control stops them from overheating
the nail -sate electronic circuit prOnele$ protection
Stocked by many wholesalers and/ 60'z
plastic envelope II can be tell
in a car. a boat Of a caravan
Price £4.93 inclusive of even If the thermocouple fails retailers or direct from us if 446
VAT and PAP TCSU1 soldenng station E52.65. OTC and CTC irons
ready lot soldenng in the held E14.115 inclusive of VAT and P &P you are desperate. ``'
#
\t%
eP\e%Mayflower
House, Armada Way, ots"

,564
Plymouth, Devon.
Tel: 0752 67377/8
Telex: 45296
# e 0,5"
Antex Ltd Freepost, Plymouth PL1 16R Tel 0752 67377 EE I I
TECHNICAL TRAINING
IN ELECTRONICS AND FOR THE BEST
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
ICS can provide the technical knowledge that is so essential to your success:
knowledge that will enable you to take advantage of the many opportunities
open to you. Study in your own home. in your own time and at your own
IN T.V. GAMES
pace and if you are studying for an examination ICS guarantee coaching
until you are successful.
City and Guilds Certificates:

Telecommunications Technicians
Radio, TV, Electronics Technicians
Technical Communications SiLiEvEFI
Radio Servicing Theory
Radio Amateurs Have a
THE Close
Electrical Installation Work Encounter
MPT Radio Communications Certificate FORCE
of a
IS completely
Diploma Courses: WITH different
Colour TV Servicing YOU kind
Electronic Engineering and Maintenance
Computer Engineering and Programming
Radio, TV, Audio Engineering and Servicing THE
Become a gunslinger
Electrical Engineering, Installation Go where no man has NEW WORLD in the Old West. Plan
and Contracting gone before. Pilot your OF HOME your strategy before
own starship. Trek for the big showdown, but
light years. Penetrate ENTERTAINMENT make sure you do not
POST OR PHONE TODAN FOR FREE BOOKLET the boundaries of the run out of bullets.
galaxy, but beware the Take cover behind a
Ica To: International Correspondence gravity of a strange cactus or moving
E. Schools sun. Blast alien space- stagecoach, or you
ships before you run will end up on your
III
Dept A268 Intertext House. London
SW8 4UJ or telephone 622 9911
Subject of Interest
I
111
111
out of missiles or fuel. back.
. Name E OTHER GAMES AVAILABLE

II Address
Tel: Age:. Tank Battles, Stunt Cycle, Breakout, Car Racing, Shooting,
U III
PAIIIINEZEIIIIIIIIMILIIINIMINIMME1111111111111111111MEN Tennis, Football, Ice Hockey, Volleyball, Basketball. Air and
Sea Battles, Mastermind, Nim, Spitfire, Space War, Blackjack,
DarAM SEE THE

Robot War, Noughts and Crosses, Drag Race, American
Baseball, Gridball.
Educate yourself and your children by

RANGE OF MULTIMETERS IN solving basic maths quizzes set by the
THE NEW DORAM HOBBIES computer. Get the answer wrong and
CATALOGUE. watch your T.V. screen become the school
blackboard while the computer shows you
the correct answer.
THIS IS JUST A SAMPLE OF THE

GAMES THAT YOU CAN SEE AT
Doram Electronics Ltd

SILICOil CHIP
PO Box TR8. Leeds LS12 2UF
The First Specialist T.V. Game Shop
Please send my FREE Hobbies Catalogue (AVAILABLE LATE SEPT)
I enclose 25p contribution to p. & p.
PRICES FROM V 0 to £170
Name.
Address.
Silicon Chip Ltd.,
EE7
46 London Road,
CA M Doram Electronics Ltd
PO Box TR8. Leeds LS12 2UF
Kingston, Surrey.
Overseas customers (except for N. Ireland) -80p 0 I -549 6657
including despatch by Air (or all -up post).
Everyday Electronics, November 1978 769

MIGHTY MIDGETS
MINIATURE
SOLDERING
IRONS AND
ACCESSORIES
RETAIL PRICE POSTAGE
each inc v at extra.
£3 78
18 WATT IRON Inc. No.20 BIT
SPARE BITS
STANDS
44p
E3 25
-
22p
65p
SOLDER : SAVBIT 20' 52p 9p
" 10' 26p 4p
LOWPA E LT 10' 65p 9p
I.C. DESOLDERING BIT 88p 9p
BIT SIZES: No.19 (1.5 mm) No. 20 (3 mm,
No.21 (4.5 mm) No. 22 (6 mm)
Please quote your
number when ordering
From your I octal Dealer or Direct from Manufacturers
&R. BREWSTER lirP

86-88 Union St Plymouth PL1 3HG
Logically laid out to accept both 0.3" and 0.6" pitch DI L packages Tel 0152 65011 TRADE ENQUIRIES WELCOME
as well as Capacitors, Resistors, LED's, Transistors and components
with leads up to .85mm dia.
500 individual connections in the central breadboarding area,
spaced to accept all sizes of DI L package without running out of
connection points.
4 Integral Power Bus Strips around all edges for minimum inter-
connection lengths.
Understanding
Double -sided, nickel silver contacts for long life (10K insertions)
and low contact resistance (<10m.ohms) ELECTRONICS
Easily removable, non -slip rubber backing allows damaged contacts
to be rapidly replaced. R. H. WARRING
What other breadboarding system has as many individual contacts,
offers all these features and only costs £5.80 inclusive of VAT and Describes and illustrates the meaning of
P.P. - NONE.
symbols, layouts and methods of construction
At £5.80 each The EuroBreadBoard is unique value for money.
At £11 for 2 I he Eurobredubudiu is an inuuuenseuie design aid. that sometimes baffle beginners, with
Snip out and Post numerous working circuits for experiment.
romicommilm
David George Sates. r;ci 74 Crayford High St.. Cravford, Kent. DAI 4EF
David George Sales

Each chapter covers a particular aspect of
electronics-from components to the working
of radio and television-and accompanying
definitions, simple mathematical equations
Ir/o 74 Crayford High Street, and formulae and explicit line drawings
Crayford, Kent, DA1 4EF.
make each stage fully intelligible to the
Please send me 1 EuroBreadBoard @ £5.80 El Please layman.
or 2 EuroBreadBoards @ £11.00 0 Tick From leading bookshops.
(All prices include VAT and P. P but add 15% for
111 overseas orders). £3.95
Name
Company.
Address.
Tel. No. .
EE
.
10
. .
78
.
I JL LUTTERWORTH PRESS
qpLuke House. Farnham Road, Guildford. Surrey
Please make cheque/P.O.'s payable to David George Sales
770 Everyday Electronics, November 1978
TTL 74* 7494 71 74193 1412 4056 134 LINEAR IC's MC1304P 260
702 IAC1310 140
WATFORD ELECTRONICS 7400 13 7495 25 74194 11115 4057 2272 75
7401 13 7496 Si 74195 OS 4059 481 7090 14 pin 35 LIC1312P 195
7402 14 7407 189 71192 N 4080 pi 710* 48 MC1488* 55
74197 8S 723* 45 MC1489* 85
35 CARDIFF ROAD, WATFORD, HERTS., ENGLAND 7403
7404
14
14
74100
74105
119
62 741N ISO
4061
4062
2386
919 733* MC1495* 395
MAIL ORDER, CALLERS WELCOME. Tel. Watford 4058819 7405 18 74107 28 72150 112 4463 110 741 c* Pin 22 MC1496 92
7408 39 74109 54 75491 72 4066 18 747C* 71 MC1710 70
7407 Si 74110 St 7541$4 82 4067 NI 748C* MC3401 69
7408 17 74111 68 CMOS* 4068 22 753 150 MC3340P* 150
ALL DEVICES BRAND NEW, FULL SPEC. AND FULLY GUARANTEED ORDERS 7409 17 74112 4000 13 4069BE 22 810 159 MC3360P 120
DESPATCHED BY RETURN OF POST. TERMS OF BUSINESS: CASHCHEQUE/ 7410 15 74116 IN 4070 22 80315CC* 335 MC724* 175
P.O.s OR BANKERS DRAFT WITH ORDER. GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS' OFFICIAL ORDERS ACCEPTED. TRADE AND EXPORT INQUIRY
7411 n 74118 83 4002 17 4071 21 AY -1-0212
AY -1-1313
554
ill MFC4000B
MFC6040*
ES
97
7412 17 74119 119 4006 185 4072 21
WELCOME. P&P ADD Sip TO ALL ORDERS UNDER E10 SO. OVERSEAS ORDERS 7413 311 74120 115 4007 Is 4073 51 AV -1-1320 IN MK50398* 635
POSTAGE AT COST. AIR/SURFACE. 7414 St 74121 2S 4008 87 0475 23 AY -1-5050 295 M K50362* 654
7416 34 74122 46 4009 SO 4070 85 AY -1-5051 145 MM2102-2* 170
Export orders no VAT. Applicable to U.K. Customers only. Unless stated otherwise, 7417 39 74123 48 4010 SO 4077 40 AY -1-6721,6 195 MM2112* 315
VA
IA 1 all prices are exclusive of VAT. Please add 8% to devices marked . To the rest add
121%. 7420 15 74125 Si 4011 18 4078 21 AY -3-8500* 355 MM2112-2* 292
7421 29 74126 57 4012 I8 4001 29 AY -3-8710* 854 MM57160* 520
We stock many more Items. It pays to visit us. We are situated behind Watford Football 7422 24 74128 74 4013 42 4062 21 AY -5-1224A* 2111 NE518A* 211
Ground. Nearest Underground/BR Station: Watforo High Street. Open Monday to 7423 27 74132 73 4314 N 4085 74 AY -S-1330* 4541 NE555 29
Saturday 11.95 am -6.4111 pm. Ample Fps. Car Parking space available. 7425 27 74138 73 4015 88 4085 73 CA3011* 82 NE5560* 8* N
POLYESTER CAPACITORS: Axial lead type (Values are In tin 7426 36 74141 if 4016 es 4089
Si
158 CA3018*
CA3020 171
NE560*
NE561*
325
345
NOV: 0001, 0 0015, 0.0022, 0.0033 7p; 0 0047, 0.0008, 0.01, 0-015. 00181p; 0.022, 04133, lip;
0047, 0 06814p; 0-1015p; 0 15,0-2233p; 0-33,0-4700p; 0:68450.1911V: 0:039,015, 0:22,11p;
7427
7428
7430
27
35
17
74142
74143
74144
2611411
314
4
4001187
4019
59
es
4025
409394
IN
4095 105
CA3023
CA3028A*
174 NE562*
NE565A*
416
185
0 33, 047 11Ip; 0.68, 1.0 Up; 1 5 OP; 2.2 32p: 7432 25 74145 55 4020 N 4096 195 CA3035 2411 NE586* 160
D UBILIER: 0.01, 0 015 21Ip: 0.022 22p; 0:047 Up; 01 Sip; 0:47 4883 7433 44 74147 175 4021 81 4097 372 CA3043 IN NE567* 178
FUD THROUGH 7437 39 74148 109 4022 ss 4095 110 CA3046 71 NE571* 450
POLYESTER RADIAL LEAD (Values in 4eF) 251/V: CA3048 RAM2102-2*
0-01, 0-015, 0-022, 0-027 Sp; 0.033, 0-047, 0-068. 0-1 7p; 0-15 11p; CAPACITORS 7438 33 74150 N 4023 N 4099 145 214 170
7440 17 74151 4024 se 4160 160 CA3075 175 RC4131113* 120
0-22, 0-33138; 0-8715p; 0-68198; 1-0 34p; 1-5 27p: 0.2 21p. 1000 350V So "64
CA3040E* 711 ROM2513*
7441 74 74153 4025 19 4161 165 71111
E LECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS: Axial lead type (Values are in 5F) 544V: 10 44p. 47680; 7442 IN 74154 N 4026 195 4162 1011 CA3081 1114 SFF96364E* 1150
254V1100 65P; 63V 0 47,1 0, t 5,2 2,2 5,3 3,4 7, 6 8,8,10,15,22 8p; 47,32, 50110,63,10027p, 7443 115 74155 53 4027 45 4163 102 CA3089E 211 SG3402 295
52; 1.0 7p; 50, 100, 220 25p; 470 540; 1000, 2200680: 41V: 22, 33 7p; 100 11p; 3300 62p; 4700 7444 112 74156 N 4028 81 4174 118 CA309040 375 SN76003N 175
440; 35V: 10, 33 7p; 330, 470 32p; 1000 49p; 25V: 10. 22, 47 Sp; 80, 100, 160 Sp; 220, 250 13p; 7445 64 74157 57 4029 99 4175 N CA3123E 286 SN76013N 140
470, 840 25p; 1000 270; 1500 399; 2200 41p; 3300 52p; 4700 Up; IIIV: 10, 40, 47, 68 7p; 100, 125 7446 94 74159 211 4030 N 4194 148 CA3130* IS SN6023N 140
817; 330, 470 16p; 1000, 150021p; 2200 Up; NV; 4, 100 Sp; 64010; 1000118. 7447 82 74160 205 4406 726 CA3140* 7$ SN76033N 175
TAG -END TYPE: 71V: 2000 Np; 47001210; 51V: 3000758; NV: 40007p; 2500 asp; 25V: 7448 56 74161 MU 40324°31 4409 728 ICL7106E* 954 SN76115N 215
4700 4$p; 2000 37p; 48V: 2030 + 2000140; 324V: 200 100 + 50 4- 100 IND. 7450 17 74162 92 4033 145 ICM7205* 1154 SN76227 115
LUM BEAD CAPACI. POTENTIOMETERS OPTO 7451 17 74163 82 4034 IN 4411 985 L0130*
LM3001H
452 SN76477*
TAA621AX1
225
TORS 35V: 0.10F, 0.22, 0 33, 0:47, (AB or EGEN) ELECTRONICS* 7453 17 74164 15 4035 111 44I2F 1550 174 228
0 68, 1 0, 2 281F, 3.3, 4:7, 6.8 25V: Carbon Track. OW Log .5 OW LEDs plus clip 7458 17 74165 IN 4036 ns saisp 765 LM301A* as TAANO 300
1 5,1029V:1 5111V: 10F13p each Linear values T1L209 Red 13 7480 17 74186 161 4037 IN 4415V
4414
795 LM304*
295 LM308
248
118
TBAI2OS
TBA5400
70
220
IS 7470 28 74167 196 4035
47, 100 44p. 14V: 220F, 33, 47 6V: 5000. 1K & 2K (lin only) Single 270 T1L211 Grn 74170 no 4422 545 LM318* 195 TBA5500 330
7472 25 236 4030
47. 88, 100, 3V: 88, 1000. 2110 each SK 0-2M(2 single gang 27p TIL212 Yellow 22
7473 32 74172 1129 4040 125 4433 Hu LM324* 79 TBAUIBX11 250
MYLAR FILM CAPACITORS
SKD.2M single gang D/P switch 2' Red IS
7474 27 74173 1713 4041 20 4435 525 LM339* N TBA1151 180
Np 2"Yellow Green 19 7475 74174 $7 1042 75 4440 1275 N TBA800 96
INV :0001, 0 002, 0005,0 Olt& Sp 5K 11-24.111 dual gong stereo 711114 Sparc Clips 2
311
4450 595 LM379* 375 TBAOIOS 99
0015,0 02, 0.04, 0.05, 0 0560F 7p 7476 36 74175 87 4043 44
LS400 se 4451 215 LM380 95 TBA820 70
0 10, 0.13, 0.2 4p NV: 0.47 115 SLIDER POTENTIOMETER TIL307 {BSS
7480 43 74176
605 LM381 145 TBA920 240
0 25W log and linear values 60mm 7481 SI 74177 n75 44040445 148 4490F
CERAMIC CAPACITORS: NV 83 ORP12 74178 12 4046 128 4400V 525 LM381AN 241 TCA270 220
5K 0-500K ft single gang 70p 2N5777 7482 69
0 SpF to lOnF 3p each 10K n-sooK 0 dual gang Np 7 Sep Displays 45 7433 72 74180 1:85 4400:87 87 4501 17 LM382 125 TDA1022* 37S
15nF, 22nF, 33nF, 47nF Op each Self Stick Graduated Besets Up TIL312 C An r 105 7484 95 74181 N 4502 120 LM1458* N TOA2020 320
0 lrfF Op 7485 104 74182 N 4049 45 4503 69 LM3900* TL071CP* 60
PRESET POTENTIOMETERS TIL313 C Cth 3'105 7486 31 741U 133 4050 48 4506 51 LM3909N* TiN TL081CP* 52
POLYSTYRENE CAPACITORS Vertical 6 Horizontal TI L321 C An 5" 115
7489 210 74185 155 4051 72 4507 LM3011* 125 TL082CP* 94
100F to 1nF Sp; 1 5nF to 47nF Illp. 0-1W 500-6M(7 Miniature TIL322C Cth 5'115 7490 33 74188 275 4052 72 TL084CP* 134
0-25W 100 0-3 -3M 0 Horiz 1:: D1704 C Cth 3" 99 5M M2524.4* 754 UAA170 IN
SILVER MICA (Values In pF) 3-3, 7491 75 74190 115 4053 72 4510 911
4-7, 8-8, 10, 12, 18, 22, 33, 47, 50, 88, 0.25W 200 0-471.10 Vert lip DL707 C.A. 3" IN FND357 120
7492 33 74191 195 4054 110 4511 Me M2534A* 715 ZN414 06
75, 82, IN, 100, 120. 150. 220 9p each RESISTORS -Erie make 5% 7493 32 74152 1115 4055 128 4512 N MC1303 Si ZN424 130
MAN3640 175
250, 300, 330, 360, 390, Carbon Miniature High Stability, LCD 30 digit 915
800, 820 160 each Low noise STORS BF182* Si 0C28* 99 ZTX109 11 2N3108 39
1000, 1800, 2000. 2200 24p each RANGE VAL 1 94 100 SWITCHES*
TOGGLE 2A 250V
AC117* 25 15C169C I 13F1113* 0C29*
OC35* N
ZTX300
ZTX301
13
10
2N3121
2N3133
40
CERAMIC TRIMMER OW 2-2 0- 4 7M 024 1 Sp 1p AC125* 25 BC170 17 BF184* 43
CAPACITORS OW 2-20- 4 7M 012 2p 1 Sp SPST 28p AC126* 21 BC171 11 BF144 111 0C36* N ZTX302 18 2953135 33
Sp 1W 2-2n 10M E12 4p DPDT Sip AC127* 26 BC172 19 BF195 12 0C41* 48 ZTX303 21 2143250 30
Up 2% Metal Film 10 (1-1MO Op
2-7pF, 4-15pF, 6-250F, 8-305F 4 pole on/off 549 BFIN 0C42* 32 ZTX304 24 2143252 30
Op AC128* 20 BC177* 17 111
MINIATURE TYPE TRIMMERS 1 % Metal Film 51 0-1M 10p Op SUS -MIN AC141* 24 BC178* 17 13F197 19 0C43* 55 ZTX311 17 2143302 35
2-5 6pF, 3 -LOOP, 10-400F 22p IN + price applies to Resistors of TOGGLE AC141K* 38 BC179* 17 Snail Ill 0C44* 31 ZTX314 24 2143442* 131
5-25pF, 5-45pF, 80pF, 88pF each type not mixed values. SP changeover 590 AC142* 24 BC182 BF200* IS 0C45* 86 ZTX326 40 2143563 20
COMPRESSION TRIMMERS DO IT DIGITALLY

SPST on/off
DPDT 6 tags
SOp
AC142K* 31 BC182L 111 BF224A 18 0046* n ZTX341 20 2953614* 149
prices net.
760 AC176* 18 BC183 BF244 24 0070* 19 ZTX500 13 2N3610* 130
3-40pF. 10-80pF, 25-190pF 2150 TTL Test -Bed 4.24 95
Additional Comp. 22 75 VAT &P&P
DPDT clog 79p AC187* 24 BC183L II BF258* N OC7I* O ZTX501 14 2953663 24
1013-5009F 38p DPDT Biased 115p AC188* Si BC184 BF257* 26 0072* 24 21)(502 19 2143702 10
JACK PLUGS SOCKETS SLIDE NOV: AC', 17 3S BC184L 16 BF2611* Si 0076* Si ZTX503 15 2143703 11
IA DPDT I4p ACY18* 40 BC1815 21 BF254* 38 0077* 76 2TX504 25 2953704 10
Screened Plastic open moulded in line IA DP clover 15p ACY19* 40 BC187* 23 BF394 22 0079* 76 ZTX531 25 2N3705 11
chrome body metal with couplers OA DPDT 13p ACY20* 48 BC212 I BF594 48 0081* 28 ZTX550 2S 2N3706 10
2.5mm 12p fp Sp break 110 4 pole clover 24p ACY21 35 BC212L 18 BF595 38 0082* 45 2N526* SS 2N3707 10
3.5mm 155 Ili contacts 12p PUSH BUTTON ACY22* 40 BC213 BFR39 111 0083* 48 2N696* 30 2N3708 10
MONO 155 13pp 180 Spring Loaded ACY28* 46 BC213L 11 BFR4O 25 0084* 44 2N687* 21 2N3709 10
STEREO
0354
Hp 11116 lip 24p 22p SPST on/oft Np ACY39 78 6C214 11 BFR79 211 0C122* 44 2N698* 30 2N3710 15
SPOT c/over 659 ACY40* BC214L 19 BFR80 28 0C123* 44 2N899* 39 2N3711 14
DPDT 8 Tag $5p ACY44 39 BC30713 14 BFX29* 25 0C139* N 2N706A* 10 2N3715* 250
A13140* 70 BC308 13 BFX131* 130 0C140* N 2N707* 50 2N3772* 170
DIN Plugs Sockets In Line SWITCHES * Miniature Non -Locking AD149* SO BC328 13 BFXS4* 24 0C141* 55 2N708* 10 2N3773* 288
2 PIN Loudepkr. tip 7p lop Push to Make 159 Push to Break 250 AD151* 42 6C338 12 BFX85* 24 0C170* 41 2N914* 32 2143819 22
3 4 5 Pin Audio 13p Sp 211p ROCKER (white) 10A 250V A13162* 42 BC441* 36 BFX86* 28 OC1 71* 46 2N916* 27 2143820 32
SP changeover centre off Up AF114* 25 BC461* 35 BFX87* 23 OC201* 75 29591e* 30 2N3023* 65
CO -AXIAL (TV) 14p 14p 14p ROCKER: (black) on/off 10A 250V no AF115* 25 BC477* 1$ 8FX88* 24 0C202* 1111 2N$20* 51 2143824* 74
ROCKER: Illuminated (white) AF116* 25 BC547 11 BFY18* 50 0C203* 85 2N530* 10 12N3886* N
PHONO Op single 15p Lihts when on: 3A 240V S2p AF117* 25 BC548 11 SFY50* 0C204* 61 2953903 18
assorted colours
Metal Screened
9p
129
Op double
168 3 -way -
29p ROTARY: (ADJUSTABLE STOP) 1 pole/
2-12 way 20/2-15W 3p/2 -4W 4p/2 -3W
ROTARY: Mains 1250V AC, 4 Amp
41p
450
AF118*
AF121*
AF124*
55
48
55
00549
BC557
BC558
11 BFY51*
13 BFY52*
12 BFY71*
TIP29
N TIP29A
N TIP29C
43
44
N
2N1131*
2N1302*
22
3S
2953904
2N1132* 22 ,2773905
2143906
18
18
17
4mm lip 12p AF125* 35 BC)30* 57 BSX20* 18 TIP30 47 2N1303* 50 2N4037* 52
2mm 10p OIL SOCKETS * (Low Profile - Texas) AF127* 35 BCY34* 75 BSY65* 86 Tif-30A 47 2N1304* 54 2954058 17
lmm 7p 7p 8 pin 111p; 14 pin 120; 16 pin 139; 18 pin Up; AF139* 35 BCY39* N BSY95* 2S T1P308 64 2N1305* TS 2144061 17
WANDER 3mm Op 20 pin 27p; 24 pin 3110; 28 pin42p; 40 pin UP. AF178* 70 BCY40* 71 BSY95A* 25 TIP30C 115 2N1306* 35 2N4064* 124
SCRs* AF180* 75 8CY43 7S BUl 05 1441 TIP31* 44 2N1307* SO 2144236* 145
JACKSONS VARIABLE DIODES AF186* 50 BCY58* 22 8U205* IN TIP31A* 49 2N1308* 45 2N42719 20
CAPACITORS AA119 I Range 2V7 to ThyrIstors AF239* BCY59* 22 BUM* ns TIP31B* 44 2N1613* 23 2N4854 55
0 2 385pF with 42
DIlactrle AA 5 I 39V 400mW 1A50V 38 ASY215* 41 BCY70* 15 E5567 es TIP31C* IN 2N1571* 1110 2N5135 42
100/300pF 1411p slow motion CR033 15 110 each 14100V 42 ASY27* 45 BCY71* 21 MD8001* 111 TIP32* 45 2N1671B* 195 2N5136 42
6000F Drive
00 202/176
31256
2550 BY121 2
Range 3V3 to
33V. 1 3W
1A200V 47
BC107* BCY72* 21 ME4102 II
TIP32A* 49 2N1893* 28 2N5138
N 2N5178*
20
6 1 Ball DriveIllsp 1A400V 52 BC107B* 10 BCY78* 26 ME6002 14 TIP32B* 711 2N19843* 60
4511/DAF 1158 with slow BY126 1 17p each 1A600V 79 BC108* B0115* 62 MJ100* N TIP32C* 70 2N2160* 105 2N5180* 10
motion drive 325p 3450V IN TIP33*
Dial Drive 4103
C1304 -56F 10 15
BY127 1
NOISE 3A100V
38 sclosa* 12 BD121* 95 MJ491
80
80 2142217* PI 2N5191*
2N2218A* 31 2N5305*
65
6 1/35 1 1156p
175p 0A9 7
198
43 BC108C** 12 B13123* St MJ2955* 5S T1P3.3A* 24
25 50 pF 25J 3A200V N 80124* 100 2N2219A*
T1P3313* 2N5457 32
Drum 54mm 311p
0-1365pF 245p
100, 150pF 215p
'L' 3 x 310pF 411214
0A47
0A70
1
1 *BRIDGE 3A400V Ill BC100

BC1095* 12 130131*
11S
38
MJE340*
MJE370*
45
55TIP33C* 185 2N2220A*
22
26 2N5458 32
RECTIFIERS 34600V 128 BC109C* 12 B0132* 38 MJE371* N TIP34* 55 2N2221* 23 2145459 32
00 2 365pF 27Sp 00.3 x 25pF Pep 0A79 1 54400V 129 8C113 130133* 43 NJE520* 45 TIP34A* 85 2N2222* 20 2N5485 32
0A81 (plastic case) 74400V 125
17
2145777* 45
1 BC114 19 130135* MJE521* SS T1P3415* 116 2N2297 45
DENCO COILS RDT2 112p 0 A85 1
1A/50V Si SA400V 150 BC115 19 80130* 37 MJE2955* 95 TIP34C* 114 2N2303* 4S 2146027 40
'OP' VALVE TYPE RFC 5 chokos Mp °AO 1A/100V N BT106 150 BC118 19 B13137* 38 MJE3055* 70 TIP35* 219 2N2368* 21 40311* SO
Range 1 to 5 BI., RFC 7 (19mK) Np 0A91 1.41200V 21 C106D 55 BC117 15 B0138* 38 MPF102 311TIP32A* US 2N23139* 15 40313* 125
Rd., Yl. Wht. 95p 1 FT 13: 14; 15; 0A95 1A/400V 29 TIC44 2S BC118 19 80139* 45 MPF103 TIP35C* 275 2N2470* 125 '40316* S4
6-1 B.Y.R. 75p 16; 17 lip 0A200 1A11100V 34
TIC'S 45 BC119* N 130140* 36 MPF104 N T1F`36A* 255 2N2483* 25 40317* 52
I 5 Green Up 1 FT 18/1 5 Np 0A202 2A/60V Si
2N4444 1411 BC134 19 1313142* S9 MPF105 36 TIP36C* 325 2N2484* 30 40324 SS
'T' 1 to 5 BI., Vi., 1 FT 18/465 10512 N914 BC135 Si 130145* MPF106 50 T1P4IA* 63 2N2645* 48 40326* 52
Rd., Wht. Pp TOC 1 869 N916
2A/100V 44 TRIACS* BC136 IS 1313222* N MPF107 56 2N2784* 55 40327* 62
BOA Valve Holder 1.1W5FR 829 N4001/2* S 2A/200V 46 3A200V 49 BC137 Si BOMA* 71 MPSA05* 24 TIP42A* 64 2N2846* 140 40347* 55
25p MW/LW 5FRIII3p N4003* 2A/400V 53 3A400V SS BC140* B131196A* 75 MPSAN* 24 TIP42B* 12 2N2884* 34 40348* 1111
N4004/5* 11 2A/4130V 45 8A400V 70 5C142* 25 BDYI7* IN MPSA12 48 TIP2955* 63 2N2904A* 22 40360* 43

VEROBOARD* 0.1 2.15 0-15 N4001/7* 7 64500V IS BC143* 25 BDY80* 115 MPSA55 24 TIP3055* 65 2N2905A* 20 40361* 45
4A,100V 72 84200V N 36 2N2006* 18 40362* 48
(cooper clad) (plain) N4148 4 BC107 7 BOY151* 105 MPSA56 24
x 31 41p 33p 22p SI 4A/200V 75 SA400V 73 BC148 7 8F115* 22 MPSA70 34 T1S44 45 2N2907* 20 40.107* SO
544
4A/400V 8F154* MPSUO2* SS 45 2N29074* 22 40411* 255
2
3
31
x5
x 31
x5
411p
411p
Sip Sep
4Sp
45p
2110
389
- 3A/100V*
3A/400V*
18 4A/N0V
4A/800V
70
1116
195
8,0,500V
10A500V
15A400V
12
97
165
BC149
BC153
BC154
14
14
BF156*
BFI67
2S
21
25
MPSUOS
MPSUO6
48
54
TIS50
TI S60
47 2N2925G
45 2N2060
10
5
40412*
40487
83
95
, 1529 121p 7Sp 28 16A400V 185 BC157 le BF173* 25 MPSUS2* TIS62 45 2N2926R 5 140576* 190
21 17 6A/100V 73 16,4500V 210 8F177* 24 MPSU155* 47 2N2926Y t 40544* 80
- BC158 53 11574
1430p
31 x 17 1050 1830 3A1000V* 11
x 17 2S2p
1078
1350 27 SA/200V 78 40669 95 BC159 11 8F175* 21 MPSU56* 611 TTilsS9901 221 22NN30305131** n24 Matched
41
Pat of 35 pins 304. 3A/1000VA 4A/400V
DIAC*
BC160 27 BF179* 30 MPU131* n I 254*
r
Spot face cutter 85p BY164 BC167A 11 BF180* 20 0C25* 120 ZTX107 11 49 addiell
Pin insertion tool alp 6A1600V 50 VM18 OIL 45 ST2 25 BC168C 12 0F181* 30 0C213* 150 ZTX108 11 2143055* 55 per palr

TAMTRON I K LTD
217 Toll End Road. TIPTON. West Midlands DY4 OHW
(DEPT. E.E.)
Tel: 021-557-9144
ONE STOP SHOPPING. PCB's, Components,
Hardware, Cases, Part Kits and Full Kits. A compre-
hensive service to the E.E. Constructor. PRICES inc-
VAT P & P 30p per order.
M ag Corn Hardware
Issue
Jan. 78
Project
Audio Visual Metronome
Ref
E001
PCB Pack
89
Pack
2.17
Case Total
79 5-N
DOING -IT -DIGITALLY
Touch Switch E002 74'
1
1 06 1.11111
Code Scrambler
Rapid Diode Check E003
E004
81
52.
2 78
78
150
48
45
45
544
2.23
TTL ELECTRONIC TEST BED
Feb. 71 Car Alarm
Full kit £2150
Lead Tester
E006 80' 1 32 1 71 1-85 5-08
Chaser Light Display E000 51 1.26 1.61 79 4-17
A.C. Meter Converter
E007 175 19 6 79 3.15 19-811 Additional components for first six parts only B300
E11011 60° 1 74 1.38 165 5.37
Mar. 76 Audio Test (2 c.c.'s's)
G.R. Substitution Box
t 74' 7 06 5118 14.78 BOTH KITS (special price) £24.20
Catch -a -Light
E010 3 48 3-95 N 8-32
E011 82° 265 2.70 2.15 5-42
Weird Sound EOM 62. 2 71 1.17 79 549 Price include VAT and P & P
Apr. 78 Roof Rack Alarm [013 60' 1 52 I.71
Maine Delay Switch 3.83
Packet Timer E014 94 1.71 7-88 2.11 12.45 -Special Free Offer with every Test Bed Kit purchased
[015 60' 1.45 90 45 3-41
50 Asst. 1w carbon resistors
May 71 Flash Meter 75 3.15 5.40 III Asst. Capacitors
Mains Meter E016
54. 79 11-80
Voucher worth SOp for next purchase.
Power Amp -Teach -In
Power Pack
[017
[015
£019
I -
70'
1.55
1.32
41
1.41
40 1.35
5.71
Jun. 75 Tele-Bell 100
insitu Transistor Tester
[020
65
2 134 II- 59 CHRONOSTOP BARGAIN OFFERS
[021 1 22 2.44 71 5-10 Aug 78 EE32
S.W. Receiver -Teach -In E022 2 61 2-11
Power Slave E023 1 75 1.75 Complete Kit Including 1911 x WV 1K Carbon resistors 38p
Visual Continuity Tester [024 56 188 4111 CASE with Screen printed facia
PCB with screened component
Jul. 78 Auto Night Light E025 85' 3 17 3-32 2.05 311
layout "Plug -In" mains PSU
Short Ware Radio E026 5 05 3-54 5-69 Full assembly instructions 3v Ivilv'12v DC 300mA
Quagmire E027 1 40; 4 78 121 7.32 PRICE Inc. VAT and P 4 P. ONLY £2 99
Logic Probe E025 50' 92 45 Ts 2N £29 SO
Aug. 78 Slave Flash A Kit with a professional finish Suitable for calculators and
EON 55' 2 17 2.72 Part kits available on request. T.V. Games.
M.W. Mini Radio
Audio Frequency Signal Generator
EOM sr 2.08 1.75 45 4.72
£001 115° 7.75 1-41 240 12.41
Sept. 76 RF Signal Generator [033 13 24 2.58 15.82 OVER 100 KITS NOW AVAILABLE for projects from
Sound to Light
Guitar Tone Booster [035 75
1
1.12
82 2-53
st
Ts
1.35
5-14
4-N
EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS; HOBBY ELECTRONICS A
Car Battery State Indicator EOM 65' 97 152 ELECTRONICS TODAY INTERNATIONAL. TRADE A
Oct. 7$ CMOS Radio [037 1 45. 3.28 3.05 2-54 11132 EDUCATIONAL ENQUIRIES WELCOME.
Fuse Checker E038 49 32 79 1-88
Treasure Hunter E039 25 4.45 5 37 2-51 14-02
VISIT OUR SHOP AT
1
Nov. 78 Audio Effects Oscillator

Water Level Alert
E042
E043
-
70
TBA
1.25
62
45
79
1-58
TIBA
Telephone
or Letter
Subscribers Tele-Tel Meter
Combination Lock
E044
[045
TMA
TSA
7.77
4.35
3.89
TBA T3-BA44
T3SA.118
TUA
32 Market Place,
Hot Line Game 100
Great Bridge, Tipton,
PIC!
E046 71P 2112 4.57
Please send S.A.E. for details, naming kit and kit ref. and free Catalogue
P.C.B's designed to E.E. circuit specifications. West Midlands.
Be an
SINCLAIR PRODUCTS BATTERY ELIMINATORS
Microvision TV L29111. PDM35 £27 25. 3 -way models with switched output
Mains adaptor E.3 24. Case E3 25. and 4 -way multi -jack: 3/44/6V tfOnsa
30kv probe E11.95. DM235 E47 50. E2 71. 0/73/9V 300maL2.95. Hama
Rechargeable battery units E7 95. radio models same size as a PP9
Adaptor/Charger E3 78. Case £5 50. battery with press stud connectors.
30kv probe E18.95. Cambridge prog
ELECTRONIC
9V E3 35. 6V E3-35. 4W L335. 9V -I -9V
calculator E13.15. Prog library E2 55. LI Si. 6V+6V L4-55. 41V+41V 2.450.
Mains adaptor 1329. Enterprise Pro- Cassette Recorder mains unit 7W
grammable calculator E20 95. 100ma with 5 pin din plug 22811. Car
S-DECS AND T-DECS converters 12V dc input. Output 9V
S-DeC L3-39. T-DeC EI N, u-DeCA 300ma Et 54. Output 71V 300ma E1.55.
ENGINEER L4-52. u-DeCB L673. 16dil or 10705

adaptors with sockets 4214.
CONTINENTAL SPECIALITIES
PRODUCTS
EXP300 4.621. EXP350 E3.441. EXP600
L11-1111. EXP650 LI 49. EXP4B Et 48.
Output 3/4W1617e/902V 800ma £2.55.
BATTERY ELIMINATOR KITS
Send s.a.e. for free leaflet on range.
100ma radio types with press stud
connectors. 4W £1.80. 6V L110. 9V
L1 U. 41+41V L25111. 6+6V 42-54.
PB8 f9.54. PB100 E12.74. LM1 f.30.118. 9+9V L255. Cassette type 71V 100ma
Do something PRACTICAL about your future. LPI 43348. LP2 £12 M. with din plug E1.841. Heavy -du*
Firms all over Britain are crying out for qualified people. With TV GAMES 13 -way types 41/6/7/81/11/13114/17/21/
Send s.a.e. for free data. New Racing 25/28/34/42V. 1 Amp E4-0.3. 2 Amp
the right training, you could take your pick of these jobs. Car TV games chip AY -3-8803 plus 17-25. Transistor stabilized 8 -way
economy kit £28.88. Tank Battle chip types for low hum 3/4-1/6/7i/9112/15/18V
Now, the British Institute of AY -3-8710 plus economy kit E13.115. 100ma E3 1 Amp L548. Variable
Engineering Technology will train Stunt Motor Cycle chip AY -3-8750-1 voltage stabilized models. 2-18V
Courses in plus economy kit £12.54. 10 game 100ma £3 M. 2-30V IA L6.95. 2-30V 2A
you in your spare time to be an C & G Elect. Technicians
Paddle 2 chip AY -3-8500 plus economy £10 95. Car converters 12V do input.
kltE12.55. AY -3-8500 chip plus economy Output 9/7j/6V 1 Amp stabilized Et M.
Electrical Engineer. kit E895. Modified Shoot kit E4 N. BI-PAK AUDIO MODULES
C & G Elect. Installations Rifle kit 1.4-95. Colour Generator kit
You risk nothing! We prom- Telecomms. Technicians Exams £7 M. Attractively cased, assembed
Send s.a.e. for data. 5450 tuner E23 51.
AL60 E4 51. PA100 E16-71. SPM80
ise to get you through your Television Servicing
TV games: Stunt Cycle f.2525, Tank
War game 09-05, 4 game models
E4.47. BMT80 ES 95. MK60 OS 74.
Stereo 30 EU 12.
chosen course -or, refund your Radio Maint. & Repairs (BIET)
(Tennis. Football, Squash. Pelota): BULK BUY OFFERS
Black and White 29 95, Colour E14. N. Minimum purchase E3 any mix from
fee! Pract. Radio & Electronics MAINS TRANSFORMERS this section. IN4148 1.40. IN4002 3 Op.
So, join the thousands who 5-0-0V 100ma 79p, 110 £2.35. 6.3V Ifs
L1-89. 9-0-9V 75ma 79p, 10 E1 N, 2a
BC212 Sp. 741 13411 15p. NE555 8dil 23p.
723 14 dil 43p. AC78023N exact equiv of
Plus over 60 other
have built a new future through Et M. 12-0-12V 50ma 79p, 100rna 90p, SN76023N with improved heat sink 79p.
home study courses. In E2 49. 13V is 11.5p. 15-0-15V 1a E275. Plastics equivs of popular transistors:
home study Engineering courses. 30-0-30V 1a 1.3 N. BC109 4 4p, BCY71 4.7p, BCY72 4.4p.
JC12, 4C20 AND JCAll AMPLIFIERS Fuses 20rnm v 5mm cartridge .25. 15,
A range of integrated circuit audio 5 Amp quickblow type 1p.
POST COUPON FOR FREE 44 PAGE GUIDE amplifiers supplied with tree data and
1. 2, 3.
Antisurge type 34p. Resistors 5%.
printed circuits. JC12 6 watts LI IS. E12 10 ohm to 10M. ikV 11 9p. 1W 1.9p.
JC20 10 watts E2 95. JC40 20 watts Polyester capacitors 250V .01, 022,
BRITISH INSTITUTE OF 113-95. Send s.a.e. for tree data on our
range of matching power and prearnp
033, 047m1 2.7p. .015mf 1 I p, .068mf
14p, 0.1mf 1' Sp, O. 22m13p, 0 33m1 2 Sp,
kits. 0.47mf 4.60. Polystyrene capacitors
ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY F RRRRR TI ZN414
IC radio chip MAIL Extra parts and pcb
E12 83V 15 to 820001 21p. Ceramic
capacitors 50V E12 22pf to 1000pf 1.7p.
Aldermaston Court. Dept. TEE37 Reading RG7 4PF. for radio 431115. Case E1. Send s.a.e. E6 1500 to 3300001 1.7p. 4700001 Op.
for free date. Electrolytic* 50V -47, 1, 2mf Sp. 25V
PRINTED CIRCUIT MATERIALS 5mf Sp. tOmf Sp. 16V 22mf Sp. 33, 47,
PC Etching kits: Economy E1 75, 100mf Op. 220, 330m1 9p. 470mf 11p.
NAME (Block capitals please) Standard 4.382. 50 sq ins pcb 40p. 10043rn1 12p. Zeners 400mW E24 2V 7 to
1 lb FaCt E1.115. Etch resist pens: 33V 61p. Preset Pots Sub -miniature
ADDRESS Economy 45p, Delo 73p. Small drill bits 0 1W horiz or vert 100 to 4M7 II -5p.
1 Q2 ins or 1mm 29p each. Etching dish Potenticimetres 1W 4K7 to 2M2 log or
Up. Laminate cutter 73p. lin. Single 26p. Duel 74p.
POSTCODE
SWANLEY ELECTRONICS
Other Subjects AGE DEPT. EE, 32 Golds& Rd.. Swanley, Kent SRI
Callers by appointment only. Please add 30p to the total cost of order for postage.
Accredited by CACC Member of ABCC mei Prices include VAT. Oversees customers deduct 7% on items marked and 11%
on others. Official credit orders welcome.
MO NM No Ell MI IM IM MI MI Ell
ROOM THERMOSTAT SHORTWAVE CRYSTAL SET IT'S FREE
Fa-nous Satchwell, elegant design. Intended for Our monthly Advance Advertising Bargains List gives
wall mounting. Will switch up to 20 amps at mains Although this uses no battery it gives details of bargains arriving or lust arrived -often bargains
voltage, covers the range 0.30 C. Special snip this really amazing results. You will re- which sell out before our advertisement can appear -it's
month L3 25. ceive an amazing assortment of
an interesting list and it's free -lust sand Below
lirneeso few of the Bargains still available from previous
ROD THERMOSTAT -0N. stations over the 10, 25, 29, 31 metro
bends. Kit contains chassis front Pet Cores. These are ex -unused equipment. They contain
WINDSCREEN panel and all the parts L1 94 -crystal
the bobbins. Three sizes availahb,lee.
WIPER CONTROL earphone SSp including VAT and Diameter
Vary speed of your wiper to suit postage. 4 5 cm
F%2213 230 cm
conditions. All parts and instruc- FX 2242 3 5 cm ,36 ccm Rip} per pair25m
tions to make E3-75. FX 2240 Gap
MULLARD UNILEX Quantity Discounts apply.
MICRO SWITCH BARGAINS A mains operated 4+4 stereo Component Panel Ref. 3055. Taken from unused P.S.U.'s,
Rated at 5 amps 250V. Ideal to make a system. Rated one of the finest these contain 4 . 2N 3055 power transistors with mica
switch panel tor a calculator and for dozens Perform.* in the stereo field insulators all on heat sink and 4 . 3W type variable pots.
of other applications. Parcel of 10 (two this would make a wonderful gift preset type with spindle locks. Real bargain at E1 -N.
types) for Et .25. for almost anyone In easy -to - Component Board 421. Again from unused equipment,
assemble modular form and major items on these are two power silicon transistors,
RADIO STETHOSCOPE complete with a pair of speakers Motor Rola ref. SJ 5433 mounted on a heat sink with mica
Easiest way to fault find, traces, signal this should sell at about £30 -
from aerial to speaker, when signal insulators, also behind the panel are two power rectifiers
but due to a special bulk -buy ST NS 1008. Price Np.
stops you've tcund the fault. Use It on and as an Incentive for you to
Radio, TV, amplifier, anything. Kit buy this month we offer the system complete at only E15 Heavy Duty 3 Core Appll Lead. 15 Amp wire Oft
comprises transistors sod parts Inclu- including VAT and postage. 10 watt amps to upgrade unilex long, conventional yellow green, brown and blue cores,
ding probe tube and twin stetho-set. L3 54 each. grey love oute.-, prepared ends. this flex normally sells at
E3 N. 30p per metre. 10 leads for E2 Si + 211p. Post Et N. Good
quantity available.
.............._ - ."." HUMIDITY SWITCH E .H.T. Males Transformer. With inductance control,
American made by Ranco, their type No. normal primary and output voltage 3.5kv. The core, how.
MULTISPEED MOTORS J11. The action of this device depends ever, is made of a very good quality grain oriented trans-
Six speeds are available 500, 800 end 1,000 upon the dampness causing a membrane former steel, and its flux can be varied by applying a DC
r.p.m. and 7000, 9,000 and 11.000 r.p.m. Shaft to stretch and trigger a sensitive micro - voltage to the lower bobbin. We are not sure how much the
Is 9 in. diameter and approximately 1 in. long. switch adjustable by a screw, quite output voltage may be increased or decreased but using a
2301240V. Its speed may be further controlled sensitive -breathing on It for instance will 9 volt battery we seem to get a rise or fall of about 50 volts.
with the use of our Thyristor controller. Very switch It on. Micro 3 amp. at 250V .c. These transformers are unused ex-P.S.U.'s which we are
Powerful and useful motor size approx. 2 in. Overall size of the device approx. 31 in. breaking down. Price E435.
die. . 5 in. long. Price E2. long. 1 In. wide and 11 In. deep TSP. 11" with
Manic Centre Dust Cover. Size 12" 104"
attachments for hinging. Price E3 N. Callers only.
I2V MINIATURE RELAY Hi Fl Console. This is a pleasingly designed shelving
arrangement which could tidy up your equipment, sorry but
dc operated with two DELAY SWITCH It's another callers only Item but a real bargain at Ell Si.
sets of change over contacts. The unique feature of Mains operated -delay can be ac- B attery Charger Kit. Soon the dark nights will be with us
this relay is Its heavy lead out wires; these provide curately set with pointers knob for and chances are your battery will become gradually dis-
adequate support and therefore the relay needs no periods of up to 21 hrs. 2 contacts
fixing; on the other hand there is a fixing bolt protruding charged. Keep it topped up at low cost from the mains.
through one side so if you wish you can fix the relay suitable to switch 10 amps -second Our kit consists of transformer, full wave rectifier, charging
and use Its very strong lead outs to secure circuit com- contact opens few minutes after 1st meter and battery clips. Bargain price L4 -N.
ponents -an expensive relay; but we are offering it for contact Np. E lectrical Wiring Cables. 2:5mm twin and earth, flat p.v.c.
only $7p each. Don't miss this exceptional bargain! cowed grey outer, 100 metre coils, price 115 N. This is
the cable you need for ring main circuits but for lighting a
smaller Imm cable will do. We can supply this at 149 N.
25A ELECTRIC PROGRAMMER Power for the Telephone Answering Machine.
EXTRACTOR FAN Learn In your sleep. Hey. radio playing end kettle boiling have just arrived, these Isolate the machine from the mains
Ex computers -made by Woods as you wake -switch on lights to ward off intruders-hy and provide the correct voltages for driving the record and
of Colchester. Ideal for fixing warm house to come home to. playback motors, etc. On metal chassis with voltage selector
through panel -reasonably quiet All these and many other things and fuse, these have a plastic cover to make them sale. Not
running -vary powerful 2500 you can do if you invest In an new of course but fully guaranteed. Price LS -N.
rpm. Choice of two sizes 5" or electrical programmer Clock by Telephone Answering Machines. We have sold all last
64" dia. £4 43. famous maker with 15 amp on/off month's delivery and the new lot w find rather varied. There
switch. Switch -on tim can b are some without cases, some with slightly broken cases
set anywhere to stay on up to 8 and some which look perfect. The description we gave In
hours Independent 60 minute mem- last month's newsletter cannot apoiy to this new lot. So we
MAINS RELAYS ory jogger. A beautiful unit. now restate this as follows:- "Telephone Answering
With triple 10 amp changeover contacts - Machine, used, but so far as we can see complete and
operating coil wound for 230V a.c. Chassis quite possibly in working order. Howeve., we are allowed to
mounting one sc.ew fixing. Price supply these only for breaking up, they should be very suit-
L1 25 MULLARD AUDIO AMPLIFIERS able for conversion to open reel tape recorder, background
All In module form, each ready built complete with heat music machine, echo chamber, etc. The list of parts con-
tained in the machine are as in our August newsletter (copy
MICRO AMPLIFIER sinks and connection tags, data supplied Model 1153 500mW, on request). They are all untested but we guarantee to replace
Ex behind the ear hearing power. output L1 Ilf any major item in the machine should this item be faulty.
aid complete with volume r, Model 1172-10 watts power output El $4 We are repricing thee as follows. Machines less outer case
control. E216. Case not S."- .9 Model 1172 1W. power output 42 25
L7 511 with outer case slightly broken but substantially
MERCURY BATTERIES
1....,
upoled Or, Model EP9000 4 watt power output L2 le
EP 9001 twin channel or stereo pre -amp
Et N
whole Elle N. Machines with unbroken outer cases E12.54
and finally machines with very good, new looking outer
cases /14 H. Post E2 44 per machine less case, others
Bank of 7 Mercury cells type 625 ere., II M."
which ere approx. tin. diameter NA 4. Wall Mounting Thermostat. The Satchwell room stet.
by fin. thick in plastic tube This will handle mains heaters up to a total of 20 amp and
giving a total of 10 7V. is satiable for normal air temperatures between 30-80°F.
Being in a plastic tube it is very easy to Combination lock Suitable also for greenhouse control. Nicely finished in
break up the battery into separate cells white enamel. Also has a cover to prevent Interference with
and use these for radio control and Hot-line game control setting. Price 63 H.
similar equipment. Carton of 25 batteries If r.p.m. Meter with 230v mains coil, not like the usual of
L1 N. Water level alarm these geared motors, this has a good length of I" shaft
PP3 PP9 REPLACEMENT Audio effects oscillator price. OW + 211p.
Can Anyone Help US? We are looking for fairly large
Japanese made in plastic container with To quickly receive parts for this month projects quantities of the items listed below. If you have any stock
leads size 2in. . Ilin. 1 I in., this is ideal to send the estimated cost as shown in the article yourself or can put us on to a reasonably priced supplier
power a calculator or radio. It has a full wave and any cost adjustments can be made later. we would be obliged.
rectifier and smoothed output of 9V suitable 7 -Segment displays common anode red or green.
for loading of up to 100mA. E2 53. BZY88C5V15 Zener.
TIL209 red I.e.d.s.
SWITCH TRIGGER MATS Soldercon pins.
0 1 inch matrix Veroboard 52 holes 46 strips.
So thin is undetectable under carpet but will
switch on with slightest pressure. For burglar
SOUND TO LIGHT UNIT C, 01 inch matrix Veroboard size 34 holes r 34 strips.
alarms, shop doors, etc. 24in. 18in. E2 N. Add colour or white light to your CA3130 IC. Operational amplifier IC.
13in. . 10in. £1 95.
amplifier. Will operate 1, 2 or 3 lamps -1,. MPFIO2. Transistor.
(maximum 450W). Unit in box all ready We are also looking for VDU's, oscilloscopes, computers
MAINS TRANSISTOR PACK to work. Ef N. and most instruments. If you know of any surplus please
send details or 'phone Mr. J. Bull, 01-6881833.
Designed to operate transistor sets and amplifiers. Adjust. MINI -MULTI TESTER Charge Discharge indication meter. This is a heavy panel
able output 6v., 9v., 12 volts for up to 500mA (class B working).
Amazing, deluxe pocket size
mounting instrument made originally for the GPO, rather
Takes the place of any of the following batteries: PP1, PP3, old design but still we feel will fill an urgent need. BasicIly
PP4, PP6, PP7, PP9 and others. Kit comprises: mains trans- Precition moving coil instru- the operation of this depends upon a Mercury motor which
former, rectifier, smoothing and load resistor, condensers ment jewelled bearings -1000 revolves clockwise or anti -clockwise depending upon whether
and instructions. Real snip at only Et 9S. opv-mirrored scale. the batteries are charging or discharging. A pointer shows
11 instant ranges measure: - the state of charge of the batteries at any time. Also fitted
DC volts 10, 50, 250, 1000 within the instrument are auxilliary contacts which could be
AC volts 10, 50, 250, 1000 used to set off alarms like lamps, etc. Price ES N.
CONTROL DRILL CONTROLLER DC amps 0-1 mA end 0-100 mA
Rsettable Fuses (thermal trips). Two new types have
Electronically changes speed Continuity and resistance 0-150K
ohms. come in, one made by ETA is a 6 amp model which is mounted
LL from approximately 10 revs to
Complete with insulated probes, through a single hole rather like a volume control. This is
maximum. Full power at all suitable for 250 volts AC or 24 volts DC. Price Mp. 4 S Amp
SPEEDS speeds by finger-tip control. leads, battery, circuit diagram Model made by AEG is held by two screws thus a bank of
Kit includes all parts, case, and instructions. these could be mounted between metal straps. Price 54p.
everything and full instructions. Disc Motor, mains operated. This is very thin in fact less
E3 45 Unbelievable value only ECM + Sep post end insurance. than I" thick end only approx. 2" dia. Spindle revolves at
Made up model 0 00 extra FREE Amps ranges kit enable you to read DC current from 250 rpm and the spindle which is approx. 1 32" dia. pushes
0-10 amps. directly on the 0-10 scale. It's free if you purchase through so motor could be used to drive clockwise or anti-
quickly but if you already own a mini tester and would lik3 one clockwise. The spindle being a friction fit can be pushed
8 POWERFUL send E1 54p. completely vol and replaced by your own spindle, a knitting
BATTERY MOTORS TERMS: Cash with order -but orders under E6 must add Hp needle for instance. Price only 38p.
For models, Meccanos, drills, remote contro' to offset packing, etc. 75 rpm Mains Induction Motor with gearbox. This motor
planes, boats, etc. E2. BULK ENQUIRIES INVITED. PHONE: 01-688 1833
drive shaft is If" long by
coming
r
is quite powerful and has 11" stack and the final 75 rpm
dia. The motor also has a spindle
the opposite end to which could be fitted
Another pulley. Overall size approx. 3" . 5" . 21" + spindles.
ROTARY PUMP Price33
Self priming, portable, fits drill or elec-
tric motor, pumps up to 200 gallons per
J. BULL (ELECTRICAL) LTD 24 Hour Motor, beautifully made by Sangamo. This is
200-240s mains driven motor with gearbox together in one
hour depending upon revs. Virtually (Dept. E.E.), 103 TA MWORTH RD., ,ousing, size approx. If" dia. by 11' deep. If you are con-
uncorrodable, use to suck water, oil, .emplating making a 24 hour switch with a lot of on/offs,
Petrol, fertiliser, chemicals, anything CROYDON CR9 1SG 'hen this is obviously the motor. Price Lt -89.
liquid. Hose connectors each end. E2.
A
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12" "McKENZIE" 8 ohm 75W general
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A CRESCENT 'SUPERBUY' MINIATURE TOOL SET E32.50 inc. VAT.
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Mounting plate is integral with QS I swivel handle, 3 screwdrivers 1.5 to accurate Information is needed quickly and simply
chassis and has fixing holes with centres 3.5 mm., 2 Philips type screwdrivers, IT OFFERS:
spaced at 51." (diagonally). I awl, 3 Allen keys 1.5 to 2.5 mm.,
ONLY £5.00-14% VAT 5 sockets 3 to 5 mm., 5 hex. keys 4 to * Single -knob range selection
6 mm. Supplied in plastic case. Our * 110° Full -view mirror scale and fine line pointer
TELESCOPIC AERIAL+ 12k,/aVAT * Clear unambiguous scales
11 section telescopic aerial. price: only L3 25 + 8% VAT. * A well -damped cylindrical magnet movement with resilient bearings
Extended length: metre (39r)
I * 31 ranges providing coverage from 150mV to 1 SkV d.c.; 7 SV to 1 SkV a.c. 50µA
Fully closed: 135mm (5k") to 2.5A d.c.; 2SmA to 12 SA a.c.; 101, n and 10M 0 resistance and six signal level
Fixing: nut and bolt fixing through ranges.
* Accuracy * 2 5% d.c., *3% a.c. end 2% resistance.
recess at base of aerial.
ONLY 75p EACH! For details of this and other exciting Alton Instruments please write or phone:-
BARCLAYCARD
'P&P' ORDERS UP TO £5, Add 30p
ORDERS £5-L10, Add SOp
All orders over £10 post free!
;ISA Please add VAT as shown. Bu)6 with Access earnstruments Ltd.
S.A.E. with all enquiries please _
Personal callers welcome at: 21 GREEN LANES, PALMERS GREEN, NI3. 19 MULBERRY WALK, LONDON SW3 6DZ. TEL: 01352 1897
Prices are each,
ALL ITEMS net & exclude V.A.T.
DISPLAYED
HITERFORMANCE 4111TROTh BREADBOARD '78
AT
Experimentor Series
EXHIBITION, SEY- EXP300 (6 x 2.1 in., 5 x 94 terminals
MOUR HALL LONDON
21.25 NOV & 2 bus strips) £5.75
ELECTRONIC EXP350 (3.5 x 2.1 in., 5 x 46 terminals
x 2 bus strips) £3.16
METAL BOXES EXP600 (6 x 2.4 in., 5 x 94 terminals
3006 Series x 2 bus strips) £6.30
Finished in brushed alu- EXP650 (3.6 x 2.4 in., 5 x 46
IGNITION UNIT minium with a contrasting
finish on the top end
bottom and plastic grips on
terminals x 2 bus strips)
EXP4B (6 x 4 in., 2 bus strips only)
£3.60
£2.30
shaped aluminium handles.
Good for your car
... Quick Test Series
and your pocket S/ZES

00
A
82
B
54 145
C QT -59S (6.5 x 6.2 in., 118 terminals)
QT -47S (5.3 x 5 in., 94 terminals)
£7.20
£5.75
40 343 106 198 QT -35S (4.1 x 3.8 in., 70 terminals) £4.90
rN 70 263 68 218 QT -18S (2.4 x 2.1 in., 36 terminals) £2.75
PRICES incl. VAT Et P+ P QT -12S (1.8 x 1.5 in., 24 terminals) £2.15
Fit one ,,,<714. 00
40
E4.95
E13.95
QT -8S
QT -7S
(1.4 x 1.1 in., 16 terminals)
(1.3 x 1 in., 14 terminals)
£1.90
£1.75
OT -59B (6.5 x 6.2 in., 20 terminals) E1.45
70
today
£10.23
AT -47B (5.3 x 5 in., 16 terminals) E1.30
3008.00 QT -35B (4.1 x 3.8 in., 12 terminals) £1.15
Finished in brushed alu-
Protoboard Series
and minium and opaque bronze
glen. P8-6 (630 tie points, 4 binding
SIZE A B C posts, 4 x 14 DIL capacity) £9.20
SAVE, SAVE, SAVE! 228.5
PRICE incl VAT & P+ P

835 216 PEI -100 (760 tie points, 2 binding
posts, 10 x 14 DIL capacity) £11.80
Why pay more when you can enjoy the advan- E6.99 P8-101 (940 tie points, 1 binding
tages of true capacitor discharge ignition (CDI) post, 10 x 14 DIL capacity)
at virtually pre -inflation prices? The benefits to £17.20
3009.00
your car and your pocket are enormous -easy PB-102 (1240 tie points, 1 binding
starting in the coldest of cold weather, an end Finished in matt blue and
heavy anodised aluminium post, 12 x 14 DIL capacity) £22.95
to burnt contacts and arcing problems, better with front tilt support.
engine wear and petrol consumption and, of P8-103 (2250 tie points, 4 binding
course, easy and secure fitting to your vehicle. SIZE A B C posts, 24 x 14 DIL capacity) £34.45
ORDER NOW WHILE WE CAN HOLD TO THESE P8.104 (3060 tie points, 4 binding
PRICES -State if pos. or neg. earth. 295 130 150
posts, 32 x 14 DIL capacity) £45.95
INC. V.A.T. AND PRICE incl VAT & P+ P
POST FREE IN U.K. E6.75
PB-203 (2250 tie points, 4 binding
posts, 24 x 14 DIL capacity;
SEND NOW FOR NEW CATALOGUE & PRICE built-in regulated 5V d.c.
LIST ALSO OUR PAMPHLET ON OUR NEW
READY BUILT RANGE OF 19 LOW PRICED METAL power unit) £55.15
CABINETS.
ONLY PB-203A(As PB-203 with 5V and
15V d.c. power supply) £74.70
IJK 677
£14.95 DIN KIT
COMPLETE
0-20VDC 2.5 Amp
Stablised power
supply.
Design Mate Instruments
DM -1 E45.95 DM -2 £57.45 DM -3 E57.45
Regulation 0.15%
Max Ripple 1M/V DM -4 £74.70
Why be Adjustable current limiting.
Uses 2N3055 BD138 - IC Test Clips
without? BC160 - IC LN723-C
Led current limiting Display PC -14 (14 -pin) £2.60 PC -16 (16 -pin) £2.75
Made in our own U.K. Neg. or pos. earth E39.67 inc VAT Et P + P
factory PC -24(24 -pin) £4.90 PC -40 (40 -pin) £7.90
Heavy gauge enclosed
Switch for instant return metal case
to ordinary ignition Rev. limiter to prevent UK 527 110 - 150 MHz VHF receiver Logic Probes
On -off immobilize facility over -revving uses AF239 - AF124
Fluilt for years of depend- Full 12 months guarantee Audio Amp TAA Hand-held logic probes,
able service 611 B12. High sensitivity TTL/DTL/CMOS compatible,
Pay by Access or Barclaycard if you wish super -regenerative with from E18 to £49.00
STIRLING SOUND R.F. stage.
37 VANGUARD WAY, SHOEBURYNESS, ESSEX. £19.96 inc VAT & P P Logic Monitors for
Tel. (03708) 5543 UK 567 Logic test Propbe Uses CMOS, HTL, DTL, TTL & RTL
7404IC & 8C107 -B
------
Shop -2221224 West Rd. Westcliff-on-Sea
-----
To Stirling Sound, 37 Vanguard Way, Shoeburyness
Powered From 5VDC.
Display red for State 0
LM -1 Self -power clip -on logic
monitor E28.70
Essex. Green for state 1 LM -2 As LM -1, with fully isolated
Please send Mark V ready built E4.50 inc VAT Et P P
£14 9S power supply E68.95
Mark 5 kit E12 75
UK 527 Signal Injector
Frog 500HZ, Harmonics up Postage, Packing and Insurance per
NAME to 30mhz, Output 1v P.P. shipment L125
powered by internal 1.4v
ADDRESS cell. A very handy quick Please add 8% VAT to overall total
test device for audio& RF EXPORT ORDERS: Credit cards or
Circuits. international money orders, bank drafts
AMTRON ,UK LTD. and cheques drawn in sterling. Please
7 HUGHENDEN ROAD. HASTINGS add 10% (Europe) or 12i% (all other
SUSSEX. TN34 3TG countries) to total price.
Telephone ,0424, 436004

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even better boards! Since the appearance of the first breadboards back in the '40's,
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il
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and capacity for DIPs of 14 to 40 pins. Design Mate Test Instruments.
DM -1 power supply, 5V to 15Vd.c. at
600mA, DM -2 function generator
B for sine, square and triangle
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IC Test Clips.
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Take a look at our low, low prices And, much more too:
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(Or if its data you're after, pick up frequency counters and
the phone or drop us a line.) test equipment to ensure
OCIATUMNITIL SINIOULTIU OORPORIMON
For the best, from the specialists the best, fastest results
in breadboards. from your design.
Continental Specialties Corp. (U.K.) Ltd., Shire Hill Industrial
Estate, Saffron Walden, Essex.
Continental Specialties Corporation (U.K.) Ltd., Unit 1, Shire Hill Industrial Estate, Dept.4H
Saffron Walden, Essex. CBI I 3AQ Telephone (0799) 21682 Telex 817477 Reg. in London: 1303780.
VAT No: 224 8074 71 *Trade Mark applied for © CSC (UK) Ltd. 1977 Dealer enquiries welcome.
Please supply
Price Total
Name Address
My cheque/postal order No for £ is enclosed
LMy Access/American Express/Barclaycard no. is All I want is data, please.

EDITOR
F. E. BENNETT
ASSISTANT EDITOR Projects...Theory...

B. W. TERRELL B.Sc.
PRODUCTION EDITOR
D. G. BARRINGTON
and Popular Features ...
TECHNICAL SUB -EDITOR
T J. JOHNSON G8MGS
ART EDITOR
R. F. PALMER
Sitting Pretty might be an apt title lion Lock will keep you happy for
for this month's front cover picture quite a while. This is one of those
ASSISTANT ART EDITOR of a keen constructor relaxing and en- projects which has to be left open-
P. A. LOATES joying the evidence of his own handi- ended, application -wise. So it offers a
work. challenge to the innovator. Projects
But as we all know building useful such as this add that bit of extra zest
TECHNICAL ILLUSTRATOR gadgets and instruments is more than to the hobby of electronics.
D. J. GOODING a self -satisfying exercise. The end - Those newcomers to electronics
product is usually of benefit and ser- who have just joined us and are still
vice to others, as well. The electronics in the process of wetting their toes
EDITORIAL OFFICES enthusiast is likely to have around his at the shallow end will find more
Kings Reach Tower, home a variety of working models facts about home construction ex-
Stamford Street, that substantiate this. And some of plained in simple terms in Square One.
London SE1 9LS these fruits of his own handiwork Projects recommended for the novice
Phone: 01-261 6873 will be unique, since they were not are the Audio Effects Oscillator and
otherwise available when he built the Hot Line. When completed, these
them from published designs. simple designs should supply hours
The Tele-Tel is the current example of amusement. And in the making of
ADVERTISEMENT MANAGER of this. It is right up-to-date, applying these projects the newcomer to elec-
modern circuit devices to give an tronics will gain valuable experience
V. PIERI answer to that everyday problem
Phone: 01-261 6727 in handling components and assem-
faced by all telephone subscribers- bling them to form complete working
how to keep a check on those mount- models.
REPRESENTATIVE ing costs. Tele-Tel shows you just There are many approaches to cir-
N. BELLWOOD what is building up on your account cuit construction and some highly
Phone: 01-261 6727 every time you use the phone. With sophisticated methods are employed
this evidence it should not be too in industry. The hardware involved is
CLASSIFIED MANAGER difficult to instil a sense of brevity generally available to the home con-
C. R. BROWN (and cost consciousness) into every structor and a wide range of typical
Phone: 01-261 5762 member of the family, and better still commercial aids to building are de-
make them contribute their proper scribed and illustrated in this month's
MAKE-UP AND COPY share to the quarterly phone bill! special supplement.
DEPARTMENT Also in the picture is an Electroni-
Phone 01-261 6035
cally Controlled Air Freshener This
is something unusual and many
readers will seize upon this as a novel
ADVERTISEMENT OFFICES and welcome Christmas gift for mum.
Kings Reach Tower If you have a weakness for intri-
Stamford Street, cate gadgets or puzzles, our Combina-
London SE1 9LS
Our December issue will be published on Friday, November Ii. See page 813 for details.
Readers' Enquiries
We cannot undertake to answer readers' letters requesting modifications,
designs or information on commercial equipment or subjects not published
by us. All letters requiring a personal reply should be accompanied by a
stamped self-addressed envelope.
Telephone enquiries should be limited to those requiring only a brief reply.
We cannot undertake to engage in discussions on the telephone, technical
or otherwise.
Component Supplies
Readers should note that we do not supply electronic components for
building the projects featured in EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS, but these
requirements can be met by our advertisers.

ELECT MKS
VOL. 7 NO. 15 NOVEMBER 1978
CONSTRUCTIONAL PROJECTS
TELE-TEL Displays the cost of your telephone call as it is accumulating by F. G. Rayer 780
HOT LINE A test of nerves by P. J. Homer 786
COMBINATION LOCK A number to remember by T. J. Johnson 798
ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED AIR FRESHENER Banishes those smells by D. Warwick 804
MINI -MODULE: 2-AUDIO EFFECTS OSCILLATOR For the newcomer (and others) by George Hylton 818
GENERAL FEATURES
EDITORIAL 778
SQUARE ONE Beginner's page. Circuit Components 789
SHOP TALK Product news and component buying by Dave Barrington 790
DOING IT DIGITALLY Part 2: Investigating the 7400 by 0. N. Bishop 792
FOR YOUR ENTERTAINMENT Paging systems -1 796
JACK PLUG AND FAMILY Cartoon by Doug Baker 803
EVERYDAY NEWS What's happening in the world of electronics 810
RADIO WORLD A commentary by Pat Hawker G3VA 812
COUNTER INTELLIGENCE A retailer comments by Paul Young 814
CROSSWORD No. 9 by D. P. Newton 814
EE SPECIAL REPORT Wonderboard 820
BRIGHT IDEAS Readers' hints and tips 822
READERS' LETTERS Your news and views 825
PROFESSOR ERNEST EVERSURE The Extraordinary Experiments of by Anthony J. Bassett 826
WORKSHOP MATTERS Planning out your workshop by Harry T. Kitchen 830
DOWN TO EARTH Making use of the Doppler Effect by George Hylton 832
SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT
CONSTRUCTORS GUIDE TO HARDWARE (between pages 804-805) 1 to 8
Back issues of EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS June 1977 onwards (October

to December 1977, January to March 1978 NOT available) are available world- B
wide at a cost of 60p per copy inclusive of postage and packing. Orders and E
remittance should be sent to: Post Sales Department, IPC Magazines Ltd., YOUR 1111110
Lavington House, 25 Lavington Street, London SE1 OPF.
Binders for Volumes 1 to 7 (state which) are available from the above address
for £2 85 inclusive of postage and packing. N TO ELECTRONICS
C IPC Magazines Limited 1978. Copyright in all drawings, photographs and articles
N
E SQUARE
published in EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS is fully protected, and reproductions or
Imitations In whole or in part are expressly forbidden.
All reasonable precautions are taken to ensure that the advice and data given to
readers are reliable. We cannot however guarantee It, and we cannot accept legal re-
R
S ONE
sponsibility for it. Prices quoted are those current as we go to press.

SUBSCRIBERS PHONE
CALL CHARGE METER
By F. G. Rayer
N VIEW of the various rates, any- No account has been taken of via FS1 and the main on/off switch
Ione can be excused from not V.A.T. which should be added at and appears across the primary of
being able to calculate even the the appropriate rate once the final T1, resulting in 6 volt a.c. across
approximate cost of a phone call. costing has been carried out. the secondary. Half -wave rectifica-
The Subscribers Tele-Tel Meter tion is accomplished by D1 and
described here overcomes this. It OPERATION smoothing by Cl producing a d.c.
displays the number of units Operation of the Tele-Tel re- level of about 7.8 volts across the
charged on a call for each of the quires several actions which should latter.
nine inland rates and is readily be carried out in the following Resistor R1 and Zener diode D2
readjusted if the rates are revised. order: clamps the base of TR1 at 5.6
A continuous display indicates (1) Select RATE volts; a 0.6 volt drop across the
how the unit charge is mounting. (2) Switch ON base/emitter junction of TR1
Dialled calls are provided for at (3) Press RESET makes 5 volts available at the
the rates shown in Table 1 where (4) When reply heard switch to emitter, across C2, for powering
the time periods refer to time START the remainder of the circuitry.
bought for one unit ( at present (5) When receiver is replaced
3p). This table was abbreviated switch to STOP-note charge RATE TIMER
and appears on the Tele-Tel front (6) Switch OFF. The circuit of the rate timer is
panel. It is recommended that this be shown in Fig. 1 and consists of IC1,
Table 1. Time bought for one unit (3p)
reproduced and placed on the front a 555 timer i.c. connected as an
as a function of Rate and Charge Letter. panel for ease of operation. astable multivibrator. The fre-
Charge Letter
If further calls at the same rate quency of oscillation (f) is de-
Rate L a are to be made immediately after, termined by the setting of VR1 to
Peak return to (3) after ( 5).
Mon -Fri 1 min 30 sec 10 sec
9 a.m.-1 p.m. POWER SUPPLY
Standard The current consumption of the
Mon -Fri
8 a.m.-9 a.m.
1 p.m. -6 p.m.
3 min 45 sec 15 sec
Tele-Tel is quite high in the order
of 300mA making a battery version approximate
out of the question.
Cheap
All other
times
12 min 3 min 1 min
The power supply section as seen
in Fig. 1 is a conventional regu- co
lated type. Mains enters this stage

VR8 selected by S2. These values
are chosen so that the periodic
times of the oscillations (1/f ) can +5V
be trimmed to agree with Table 1
for the nine positions of S2.
HOW IT
Timing commences when S3 is WORKS STOP Q START
closed, a pulse passing from pin 3
of IC1 to the input (pin 14) of IC2
in the counting section. Further
pulses are passed to the counter
section at regular intervals, the 3 DECODER I
0 DECODER
latter dependent on the setting of RATE 1
C SWITCH
PULSE
S2.
COUNTER AND DISPLAY

7
'-'
GENERATOR
COUNTER COUNTER I
The counter/display section is

capable of displaying two digits The rate switch selects from a bank of preset resistors, whose values
with a maximum count show of determine the interval between pulses produced by the pulse generator.
99. If it is expected that a further These intervals are arranged to agree with the time purchased for one
digit (hundreds) is required, unit. Timing is initiated by switching to START and halted when switched
another identical counter/display to STOP.
element similar to IC4/1C5/X2 can The pulses pass to a two stage counting section, whose outputs are
be added and its input connected inputted to seven -segment decoders. The I.e.d. displays show the
to IC3. charge in units. At present one unit costs 3p.
The counting section is composed
of IC3 and IC5 series cascaded and
counts the number of pulses from The output from these counters Switch S4 resets the counter to
the rate timer. One of the outputs is in the form of BCD ( binary zero when operated. This switch
from IC5 (this is the units coded decimal) and each is fed to is normally closed and when
counter), the D output, provides a seven -segment decoders / drivers pressed disconnects the reset pins
divide -by -ten and this is connected IC2, IC4 wired to seven segment of IC3 and IC5 causing them to
to the input of IC3 which acts as a 1.e.d. displays X1 and X2 via cur- assume a logic 1 ( high) level re-
"tens" counter. rent limit resistors R6 to R19. quired to reset the devices.
ONE OFF
STOP/ VARY]
XI
01707
77 RI R12 R16 RI7 R16jR19
R6-12
15 9 10 11 11 I?
VRI If) NO (RI Id I XI 11,1 1=-4P
,00kn
IC2 IC4
7447 7447
-0
1/-)tte-t-R-0
VRI
170411
VR2 R1
220kfl
0-
C3
75
15641
T`
19'11
Fsi SI 001
L
109 /OFF]
TR1
BR Y50
240V
&C. AWNS
CI
Fig. 1. Complete circuit diagram of the Tele-Tel. The function of S2(RATE) is SZY136C
5.6v
shown at bottom -left.

initially. Wiring can then proceed POWER SUPPLY
It with tinned copper
example, solder the wire to pin 9
of IC2, bring up through the board
wire. For The power supply section is
mounted on a separate board, a
piece of 0.1 inch matrix perforated
as shown, pass down through the board. The layout of the compo-
starts here board close to IC3 to reach pin 1 of
IC3, pull the wire taut and solder.
When fitting the tinned copper
nents on the topside of the board
and the interconnection on the
underside are shown in Fig. 3. Pre-
wire and components, shape the pare the case to accept the mains
connections with pliers. In many cable grommet and fuse holder
places component leads will reach and fit the completed board with
CIRCUIT BOARD the i.c. and display pins. Elsewhere, flying leads to the base of the case.
extend them with wire. The prototype used a self adhesive
All components except the
switches and power supply section Some wires pass very close to board holder.
others and will require some sleev- The power supply should be
are fitted to a piece of 0.1 inch ing to prevent shorting. These are tested before proceeding. The volt-
matrix board size 37 X 33 holes and shown on the layout. Do not attach
fitted to the underside of the top age at the emitter of TR1 should
any flying leads at this stage. be about 5 volts.
panel of a Bimbox type BIM1006,
a sloping top case. The layout of
the components on the top side of
the board and the interwiring on
the underside is shown in Fig. 2. COMPONENTS_
Dual -in -line holders are used for
all the i.c.s. and for the l.e.d. dis-
plays. The latter have longer pins, Resistors
(connecting leads), bringing them Potentiometers
R1 120 II VR1 100k SI
up through openings in the top R2 3.3M f2 VR2 220k 12
panel. When first inserting the i.c.s R3 2.2k CI VR3 220k f2
and displays into their holders, R4 100k 12 VR4 470k fl
take care that all pins engage cor- R5 15k 12 VR5 470k f2
rectly and fully, and that the i.c.s R6 -R19 270 fl (14 off) VR6 1 MO
and displays are the correct way All watt carbon ±5% VR7 2.2M f2
round. VR8 2.2M CI
All sub -miniature horizontal presets
PRESET POTENTIOMETERS Capacitors

The holes for locating the preset C1 2200pF 10V elect.
C2 330/4F 6V elect.
potentiometers need to be enlarged C3 220,aF elect.
slightly to accommodate the legs C4 10nF plastic or ceramic
of these controls but should still C5 20nF plastic or ceramic
be a fairly tight fit to hold them
firmly in position. Drill the three Semiconductors
fixing holes and then mount the D1 1N4001 or similar 1 A silicon diode
presets and i.c. holders. D2 BZY88C5V6 5.6 volt 400mW Zener page 790
The presets should be set at the TR1 BFY51 silicon npn
values below, which have been cal- 101 555 timer i.c.
culated to be close to the required IC2 7447 7 -segment decoder
values. These adjustments are an IC3 7490 counter
aid for initial setting up and are IC4 7447 7 -segment decoder
subsequently corrected using a IC5 7490 counter
X1, X2 7 -segment I.e.d. displays type DL707 common anode (2 off)
stopwatch later.
Switches
VR1 60k11; S1 mains on/off toggle
VR2 901(12; S2 1 -pole 9 -way rotary (see text)
VR3 180k12; S3 s.p.s.t. toggle
VR4 270kf2; S4 push -to -break, release -to -make button type
VR5 3601(11;
VR6 7501(11; Miscellaneous
VR7 1.2M.12; FS1 500mA 20mm fuse and panel mounting holder
VR8+ R2 4- 5MI-2; T1 mains primary/6 volt 0.5 amp secondary
Plain matrix board; 0.1 inch pitch 37 x 33 holes and 27 x 20 holes; dual -
Supply lines use 24 to 22 s.w.g. in -line i.c. sockets; 16 pin (2 off), 14 pin (4 off), 8 pin (1 off); knob to suit
tinned copper wire, and other con- S2; tinned copper wire; insulated connecting wire; case, Bimbox type
nections on the board 32 to 30 BIM1006; three -core mains cable; sleeved grommet; mains cable
s.w.g. gripper; 6BA countersunk bolts, nut and washers (board fixings).
A few connections to the i.c. and
displays holders will hold them

tee -tee
SUBSCRIBERS PHONE
CALL CHARGE METER
The front panel before mounting the facia

card. The slot for access to the rate The completed unit ready for use.
potentiometer is clearly visible.
0
Tele 'Tel
PEAK
OPERAT IND Mon - Fri
INSTRUCTIONS 9 a. m. - I p. m.
(1) Select rate

(2) Switch power ON
(3) Press RESET STANDARD
(4) When reply heard Mon - Fr
switch to START a. m. - 9 a. m.
(S) Switch to STOP I P. M. - 6 b. rn
as receiver Is
replaced
pc) salts. OFF
L a
CI-4EAP
Ail other time;
Close-up of the front facia showing the front panel lettering and all the important instructions for use.
0 0 06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0-01
R5
R7
.H.
taui
RI2
le RIO
R9
R8 111$03-411
0-00--ilajj-0
II- ILLIW-Il 0
--Cia- ili- 4,--11
40".
R14
s =111
-
40-11 0 0
RI9
-aim. 00
41040F217
RI6
0
0
0
0
x
a.. -R6 RI1 is.- RO RIB 0
1C4
S
S
S
0.-4) M
S
--0-00N
S p 0
0
0
I4 0
0
0
0
R2 O C5 0
00000041.1}4000000000000000000000000
Fig. 2. Top and underside wiring details of the main circuit board. Note that all wiring to the rate switch S2 Is made to the underside.

tee -tee SUBSCRIBERS PHONE
CALL CHARGE METER
PRESET
ADJUSTING
SLOT
240V
A.C.MAINS
00000000000000000000000000
II
UNDERSIDE VIEW
OF TRI
00000000000000000000000000
x
Figs 3 and 4. Power supply board wiring and Interconnection details to the main circuit board. The circuit board is
mounted on 12mm spacer to the front panel and the power supply board by self-adhesive clips. The underside of
the power supply board is also shown.

The completed Tele-Tel showing the interwiring to the main circuit Details of the power supply showing fixing of the board and wiring
board and power supply. to the mains transformer.
For timing, individually set VR1 prove worthwhile on overseas calls

FRONT PANEL where timing is calculated to
The front panel should next be to VR8 in conjunction with S2
according to Table 2. within 1/100th of a second.
prepared to accept the panel
mounted components including FACIA
windows for X1 and X2 and board Table 2. Timing periods as a function of
fixings. The long narrow slot has rate and charge letter and presets re- A facia needs to be prepared to
quiring adjustment to accomplish these cover the front panel to mask the
been included to allow access to times.
the presets on the board when set- Charge Letter
adjustment slot. This can be
ting up and for when the rates are Rate L a
achieved with Letraset on a piece
changed by the Post Office. Peak VR6 VR3 VR1
of coloured card, of same dimen-
Next carry out the interwiring (2 min) (30 sec) (10 sec) sions as top panel, and cut-outs
according to Fig. 4. and then secure Standard VR7 VR4 VR2 made for the displays and switches.
the component board to the under- (3 min) (45 sec) (14 sec) These holes should be large enough
Cheap VR8 VR7 VR5 to fit around the switch fixing nut.
side of the top panel by means of (12 min)(3 min) (1 min)
countersunk bolts, nuts and washers The facia is held in place by means
to hold the board about 12mm from of the four fixing screws for the
the panel, as shown in Fig. 4. For example, with S2, set for a top panel.
Alternatively 12mm long spacers "Standard a" call, adjust VR4 so To remove the facia when the
can be used. that the display advances one rates require alteration, remove
When the wiring is complete the count every 45 seconds. the panel fixing screws and the
front panel may be screwed in Pulses from IC1 could be set for knob, and the top panel adjust-
place and the final timing periods other rates e.g. overseas telephone ment slot is exposed. Replace the
set. calls making an international Tele- knobs and re -setting can be
Tel if required. The three remain- carried out without dismantling the
ing positions on S2 should be used, unit.
for this or made to cater for In the prototype a photographic
operator -connected calls if neces- process was used to produce the
TESTING AND SETTING UP sary. Details of these rates and markings on clear film. This pro-
The displays should light when others are found in the booklet en- duces a hard glossy finish protect-
the power is turned on and indicate titled Telephone Dialling Codes ing the markings and allows the
"01". Pressing S4 should set both issued to all telephone subscribers. colour of the facia to be readily
numerals to zero. Counting com- An "opening -out" of adjustments changed when desired. The mark-
mences when S3 is closed, the is possible by having a combination ings around the switches and
speed of the count depending on of fixed and adjustable resistors operating instruction panel can be
the setting of S2. in place of VR1 to VR8. This would seen in the photographs. LI

Prove to your friends (and yourself!) that you have a
steady hand. By. P. J. Homer
Txis is a simple and easy project [AUDIBLE!
to build which once con- S1
structed will bring hours of fun
to young and old alike. A wooden Fit R2
2714
R3
27k0
a
!VISUAL]
case is used thereby keeping the
cost of the game down to a mini- LP1
6V
mum. 40mA
52
ION/OFF]
The object of the game is to get CI C2 LS1
the ring from one end of the line 0.047pF en 1-
C3
7000p F
to the other without touching it.
If the line is touched an audible R5
3 912
B1
9V
I
tone will be heard-it will linger 4 471228

I
on for a few seconds and then die TcRi 218 44.

out. The player will then have to
start over again.
The game also has a light which
can be switched in as an alterna-
tive to the tone generator when Fig. 1. Circuit diagram of the Hot Line. Voltages are as shown with
playing, so as not to annoy others the ring touching the line, and switched to the AUDIBLE mode.
who do not wish to join in.
Assume that power is applied to of TR2. Capacitor Cl therefore
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
the circuit, both transistors will charges by way of R3 until about
begin to turn on. Due to compo- 0.6V is present at the base of TR2.
The circuit of the Hot Line ap- nent tolerances one transistor will This transistor thus begins to turn
pears in Fig. 1 and consists of a turn on faster than the other. For on supplying a current via C2 to
multivibrator comprising TR1 and the sake of this explanation we the base of TR1. This action has
TR2. In the normal state no power will assume that it is TR1 that the effect of turning TR1 hard off,
is applied to this part of the dr- turns on the faster. As it does so a the voltage developed across R1
cuit, however, if the ring happens current will be sent to the base of being used to turn TR2 hard on
to touch the line, power is momen- TR2 via Cl, this effectively turn- via capacitor Cl. Capacitor C2 then
tarily applied to the multivibrator ing TR2 off. Thus TR1 turns hard begins to charge through R2 and
and C3. on while TR2 is held in the off when about 0.6V is present at the
For the moment we shall leave state. base, TR1 begins to turn on.
the purpose of C3 to later, but first When the collector potential of A regenerative action similar to
the action of the multivibrator will TR1 falls, obviously no further that which just occurred will now
be described. signal can be sent to the base take place, except that it is TR1

which ends up being turned hard
on, and TR2 hard off. The entire
action takes place in less time than
it does to describe it. is
DECAYING VOLTAGE
As we have just said the action 210
of the multivibrator is very rapid,
power need only be applied for a
few brief seconds. When the ring
briefly touches the line, power is
applied to the multivibrator, an
audible warning is thus given im-
mediately. At the same time C3 1/5
charges up according to how long

the voltage was applied.
Now when the ring is removed, FRONT PANEL
thus removing power, C3 starts to
discharge into the multivibrator,
which sets it operating. 450
I 45
DRILLING DETAILS
A= 5 DIA.
8= 12 DIA.
C = SIZE TO FIT Fig. 2. Top panel drilling details. Dimensions are nominal and
may be varied to suit the overall size required.
COMPONENTS LAMP HOLDER
0-3DIA.
ALL DIMENSIONS IN mm
Resistors However this time a slowly de- The top panel drilling details
caying voltage, due to C3 discharg- are shown in Fig. 2. The dimen-
R1 2.2k CI
ing produces an alarm which de- sions are nominal and could be
R2 27k SI
R3 27k CI
cays in volume. changed to suit the components
R4 100 SI The result is a loud tone to begin available. They will also need to
R5 39 fl page 790 with, slowly dying away, this re- be altered if the case is made a
All PN carbon +10% sults in a far more pleasing alarm, different size.
indicating that the player has When all the holes have been
Capacitors failed. drilled the entire case may be
C1 0.047µF polyester Almost any general purpose painted to suit. If you are not too
C2 0.047pF polyester transistor can be used for TM and handy with a paint brush then
C3 1000µF 10V elect. TR2, providing they can pass a sticky backed paper, Fablon or
current of about 100mA. If more similar material can be used.
Semiconductors suitable, npn transistors can be A plastic speaker grill is then
TR1 AC128 pnp germanium used in which case the polarity of fixed in position with 4BA bolts.
TR2 AC128 pnp germanium C3 and the battery must be re- The speaker can either be bolted
versed. using small brackets or can be
Miscellaneous glued, as in the prototype.
LS1 8 ohm 75mm diameter The line was made from 3mm
speaker diameter rod, about 750mm long.
LP1 6V 40mA MES lamp and An old clothes hanger can be used
holder for this purpose. A 2BA screw was
S1 single pole two-way toggle soldered on each end, the finished
switch line being bolted in place. The ring
S2 single pole on/off toggle
B1 9V PP3 battery was made from the same rod, and
had an internal diameter of 15mm
Matrix board 0.15 inch matrix Fig. 3. The diameter can be
12 x 11 holes; plywood for case, changed to suit the individual, the
sizes as required; Fablon or smaller it is, the harder the game
similar material; aluminium rod CASE and vice versa. The length used
3mm diameter (an old clothes The prototype case was made was 200mm. A 13mm diameter
hanger will suffice); wooden from 10mm plywood for the sides dowl was fitted onto the end, a
dowl 13 x 90mm; battery clip to and 3mm plywood for the top and 3mm hole being drilled through
suit B1; plastic speaker grille the middle to accommodate the
170 x 85mm; connecting wire: bottom. The case has an overall
4BA and 2BA hardware as size of 450 X 210 X 45mm, although rod. The dowl was shaped to look
required; "Terry" clip for mount- the finished size is up to the con- like a handle. The rod may then
ing B1. structor, it can be made smaller be glued in place, a length of con-
or larger as required. necting wire soldered to one end.
An amusing game for young and old alike.

TO S2
hot line
LINE
DOWELLING
SOLDERED
90
WASHER SCREW
TOP PANEL
SOLDER
TAG
NUT
3mm METAL ROD

65
TO S1
Fig. 3. Details of the line fixing and con-

struction of the ring.
£4.50
excluding case
15
0 0 0 0 0 ISM, 0 0 0
o o
SPOT °0 11/414
0
O 0
UNDERSIDE VIEW O 0
OF TRI & TR2 0 04.111.11.11.0.11 0 IMO 0
LS1
LINE
SI
Fig. 4. Complete wiring details of the unit.

Sure to be popular at fund raising activities.
ring can be left at either end with-
out the alarm operating. This also
provides a starting and finishing
point for the players.
IN USE
At the start of the game the
AUDIBLE or VISUAL alarm can be
selected depending on the house-
hold situation. The unit is then
switched on and the game com-
mences.
The only rules which can be
applied to this game regards the
number of touches allowed before
the player loses. This should be
decided at the start of the game,
not half way through!
11111.1111...11.111101111M1111111111111101MINIMEMIMS To keep it in good working
Close up view of circuit board, speaker, and interwiring. order, the line should be cleaned
two screws at each end, one fitted frequently, either with some pro-
CIRCUIT BOARD with a solder tag. Do not forget prietary cleaner or steel wool.
The wiring details for the unit to place the ring over the line be-
are shown in Fig. 4. This also shows fore fitting. The wire from the ring
the wiring to the loudspeakers, is then passed through a hole in
switches and bulb. The circuit the front of the case, a knot being
board is fixed in place under one tied to prevent it from being pulled
of the screws which hold the out.
speaker grill in place. At the start and finish Iff the
Finally the line is bent to any line some insulating tape can be
desired shape and fitted using the wrapped around the line, so the
This transistor functions as an
amplifier. If an input signal is
applied between the emitter (e) and
the base (b) the "transfer -resistance"
action of the TRANSISTOR causes a
SQ,ARE magnified or amplified version of that
signal to appear across the collector
one
and the emitter.
This is the essence of all electronic
circuit operation.
FOR It is vital that this particular tran-
sistor be connected with its collector
(c) to the positive ( + ) side of the
BEG \\i-RS supply, and the emitter (e) to the
negative side. Refer to the circuit
again, and it will be seen that the
arrow in the TR1 and TR2 symbol
points in the direction of conventional
THE circuit diagram tells all. As was The active parts are two transistors, current flow-from positive to nega-
suggested last month, it is pos- designated TR1 and TR2, according to tive. This symbol indicates an npn
normal practice. type transistor (the BC108 for
sible to build an electronic project example).
from the information given in a cir- These transistors are the semicon- There are pnp transistors which
cuit diagram alone. But only if you ductor or solid state equivalents of the have the opposite polarity, but we can
have some experience: if you can cor- triode thermionic valve of yesterday. ignore them for the moment.
rectly interpret the circuit diagram in They are referred to as active devices
terms of real actual components. because they cause changes to be
So what do the symbols used in cir- made in the current flow and also in RESISTORS
cuit diagrams stand for? And just the voltages appearing in certain parts The resistor is the most common-
what are the most important compo- of the circuit. place of all electronic circuit compo-
nents commonly found represented in Transistors such as these are the nents. It is depicted by a zig-zag, which
these diagrams? essential working parts of all truly clearly indicates the resistance property
electronic circuits. of this device. (All straight lines in
TRANSISTORS The type indicated, BC108, is a very the diagram are considered to have
Please refer to page 818 and Fig. 1. common "general purpose" transistor. negligible resistance). All resistors are
This is the circuit diagram of a simple It is also cheap, as a study of our given the reference R, followed by a
audio oscillator. advertisers announcements will show. serial number.

Resistors are made of a compound Coloured bands on the body of the
of carbon or metal oxide, and have a component indicate (1) first figure (2)
small tubular form with connecting second figure and (3) number of
wires or "leads" emerging from either noughts in the overall number which
end. The physical size varies accord- is the resistance in ohms.
ing to the power handling capability Additional bands indicate the
of the resistor. Resistors with ratings tolerance of the nominal value. Silver
of 18, 14, 12 and 1 watt are commonly for 10 per cent, and gold for 5 per
used. cent (see Handy Guide given with last
The resistance value in Ohms is month's issue).
marked on each resistor, usually in
the form of a well known colour code.
CAPACITORS
The capacitor (or "condenser" of
old) is almost as commonplace as the
resistor in typical electronic circuits.
The circuit symbol is composed of two
"plates", which precisely depict the
essential physical construction of the
capacitor. The reference for this com-
ponent is C.
C3 in our example is a normal capa-
citor, although its actual composition
and overall size and shape may take By Dave Barrington
one of several forms, depending upon
the particular type. This symbol indi-
cates a non -polarised capacitor; this
means it may be connected either way
round in the circuit. Over the last few months we have
CI and C2 are shown differently, published two very popular construc-
with one of the two "plates" in the tional projects for the home and
symbol left "open". This indicates an motorist, namely the Mains Tester
Small Signal transistors. The right hand electrolytic -type capacitor, Most im-
pair are type BC108. These are encapsu- and Car Battery State Indicator. Since
lated in small metal cans. On the left are a
portant of all, this means that the publication it has been brought to
pair of a different type of transistors encap- capacitor is polarised, and must always our attention that two similar products
sulated in half -round plastic packages. be used with its positive ( + ) marked are available commercially.
terminal or lead connected to the
positive side of the circuit.
Car Battery Charge Monitor
VARIABLE RESISTORS With the great proportion of car
breakdowns being attributed to elec-
Two components remain in the cir- trical faults, the C -More car battery
cuit: VR1 and VR2. These are variable charge indicator from Harvelec should
resistors, hence the reference letters. be a good purposeful addition to the
Commonly found as volume controls car dashboard.
and tone controls in radios and ampli- The C -More uses two I.e.d.s to
fiers, these components have a rotat- monitor the battery condition. Between
ing arm which "wipes" a carbon track 11.5 and 15.1 volts both I.e.d.s are
as the control spindle is turned. illuminated. This reassures the driver
It is by means of such variable com- that all is well, and that the unit
ponents as these that the user is able is functioning correctly. Below 11.5V
to control the functions of an elec- the Red I.e.d. alone will light up,
tronic circuit. indicating a poor battery condition.
A representative collection of metal film
and carbon composition resistors, ranging
We have now met the most impor-
from (left) Watt to Watt and 2 Watt in tant members of the electronic compo-
foreground. nents family. Now look at other circuit
diagrams in this issue and try to pick
them out. Don't worry about the
strangers that often accompany them.
Get your eye in to identify these prin-
ciple performers in electronics. Then
locate them in the practical layout dia- BATTERY
CAZ>le...a1=70%-r 110it.1
grams and so get familiar with their
physical outlines and other character- t__ AsZvf
F"c:::424104100{
istics. Finally, take a look at the Com- t--11 1E_NS
ponents list and note just how each of m114411111111111.1111111111.11111111111111
these components is described. This is
important, for it shows you how to
"specify" components when sending
away an order to any of the retail
A selection of small -value capacitors: (left suppliers.
to right) bead ceramic, plate ceramic, Transistors, resistors and capacitors.
polyester (2) and plate ceramic. These com- Concentrate on these alone for now.
ponents are described by the kind of insulat- Don't worry about their many asso-
ing material used between the plates. The ciates and relatives-these can be The C -More Battery Condition Display
match gives scale. sorted out later. from Harvelec.

Above 15-1 V the Yellow I.e.d. only nents parts, are no longer handling Combination Lock
will light up, indicating an overcharge component supplies. The security conscious householder
condition. However, they are continuing to is catered for by the Combination
Within this "safe band", an ideal market their own complete micro- Lock. This is a special project in that
voltage lies between 12.4 and 14.2 processor based and other electronic it has been built on a new product
volts, the red and yellow brilliances kits. called Wonderboard, a subject of a
being about equal. Digressions from Feedback from the Chronostop report on page 820 in this issue.
this ideal voltage range are shown by article, which appeared in our August Those readers who do not wish to
an increase in red or yellow brilliance. 1978 issue, shows that some readers use this type of board can use plain
It is claimed that by using coloured are still experiencing difficulty in perforated board and still keep to the
I.e.d.s, the driver does not need to obtaining the displays for this stop - original wiring, However, if Veroboard
know if a particular voltage is good clock. or printed circuit board is to be used
or bad. He only has to glance to see Our latest information is that one then readers will have to formulate
that both colours are present. of our advertisers, Tamtronik, have their own wiring layouts.
Retailing at E6.20 the C -More redesigned the project, including the The reed relay specified is obtainable
Battery Condition Display is available circuit board, to accept several dis- from Maplin Electronics and most of
direct by mail order from Harvelec, plays. They are also able to supply the other components are available
Dept EE, Formby Avenue, Thatto
1 complete kits of parts for this project. from RS Components stockists, such
Heath, St Helens, Merseyside, WA10 It is interesting to note that this as Ace Mailtronics.
3N W. firm translates most of our construc- The solenoid which forms part of
tional projects to printed circuit the door bolt can be any 12V type
Mains Tester board versions. with a minimum coil resistance of
The 13A Socket Tester from Gala - 100 ohms. The switches used for the
trek Engineering is a five -function
CONSTRUCTIONAL keyboard are miniature printed circuit
PROJECTS board mounting types and the "flip
220-250V mains wiring tester. top" box used for housing the finished
This month, like the farmers, we keyboard is a Vero 75 13018C type.
again have a bumper harvest of
Those readers who use the Wonder -
constructional projects and over the board should note that components
next few months we hope to bring must be of small physical size. The
you many more popular projects that mechanical arrangements for the door
were only seeds of ideas this time or window bolts is left to each indi-
last year. So you've been warned, vidual constructor.
order your future copies now before
its too latel
Hot Line
Tele-Tel The Hot Line game should provide
The main theme for this issue many hours of fun and entertainment
could be called "Everyday Electronics for the family at party time.
Around the Home". The Tele-Tel, Components for this project should
Subscribers Phone Call Charge Meter, not prove troublesome. Any 8 ohm
will certainly pay for its outlay in speaker with suitable grille can be
most households. used as the case housing the rest of
There should be no problems with the components can be any size to
components for this project as they suit requirements, ours is only a
are available from most of our adver- typical example.
tisers. The high value preset poten-
tiometers may be difficult to obtain Beginners
but you can use the highest value The beginner has not been over-
The five -function 13A Socket Tester from "pots" you can obtain, say one
Galatrek Engineering. looked and the Sound Effects Oscillator
megohm, and make up the correct in our Mini Module Series should
value with standard resistors in
not create any problems regarding
series with the potentiometers. components. Specially designed to
Mounted in a modified 13A plug, The case used in our model is the familiarise the newcomer with various
neons on the front face indicate the Bim Box type 1006. The transformer methods of construction readers
following condition of the mains specified is a tight fit in the case should be able to find most compo-
wiring to the 13A outlet socket: and if another transformer is used a nents from their own spares as
1, Correct socket wiring; 2, Danger larger case may be required. tolerances are not critical.
reverse polarity; 3, Danger no earth Other types of readout display The Hot Line game also falls into
connection; 4, Danger live fault and can be used but the wiring may have the beginners category and for compo-
5, Danger neutral fault. to be altered. nent availability see comments above.
Available direct from the manufac- Regarding our major new series
turers, the recommended retail price Air Freshener Doing it Digitally, components for
of the 13A Socket Tester is £4.15 For the kitchen we have the E/ec- this months and the first six parts
including VAT and postage/packing. tronically Controlled Air Freshener. are readily available from many of our
For further information readers should Apart from the fan motor, the special advertisers.
write to Galatrek Engineering, Dept tubs of air freshener gel and printed Finally, we strongly recommend
EE, Scotland Street, Llanrwst, Gwyn- circuit board, most of the other com- the newcomer to electronics to read
edd, North Wales, LL26 OAL. ponents should be generally available. this month's special 8 -page supple-
The printed circuit board, fan motor ment. Covering hardware, it should
Component News and the air freshner gel are all available help readers to select the correct
Some sad news for readers this from Greenweld Electronics. They are approach in trying to obtain that
month comes with the announcement also producing complete kits of professional finish to their construc-
that Doram, stockists of RS Compo- parts for this project. tional projects.

By 0. N. Bishop
I 1 last month we saw the

N PART AND N0T For convenience the gates have
action of AND and NOT gates. INPUT A
OUTPUT 0 been numbered Ga, Gb, Gc and Gd.
What do you think will happen if INPUT B When these gates, appear on a cir-
the output from an AND gate is fed cuit diagram, a further digit is
into a NOT gate? (a)
added to identify the i.c. containing
You can build the gates, as INPUT A
OUTPUT D them. For example Gla refers to
shown in Fig. 1.2 and 1.6, omitting INPUT B
Ga in IC1; G3c, Gc in IC3. This is
the l.e.d. (D10) at the output of the system adopted in EVERYDAY
the AND gate and connect its output (b)
ELECTRONICS.
directly to the input of the NOT Fig. 2.1a. Symbolic form for an AND gate We shall investigate the action
gate. followed by a NOT gate. (b) Symbol for a of one NAND gate in the 7400
This is shown in symbolic form NAND gate.
using Gb, see the circuit diagram
in Fig. 2.1a; an AND gate followed 7400
of Fig. 2.3. Insert a 7400 in the 14 -
by a NOT gate is known as a NAND pin d.i.l. socket on the Test -Bed
gate and has its own symbol, Fig. Aucc and wire up according to Fig. 2.4.
2.1b. The ends of the wires to inputs
If you connect up the two cir-
cuits from last month you will
-131 A and B are left free so that they
may be readily connected to the
obtain the truth of Table 2.1. Ga fTC.)
+5V and OV lines. Try all the
possible combinations of high and
Table 2.1. Truth for a NAND gate (tinted Gd low inputs and record your results
panels) made from an AND gate fol-
lowed by a NOT gate. in Table 2.2 below.
The l.e.d. indicates the state of
Inputs AND output NOT output the output, on for high (H) and off
A 8 D Gb for low (L).
1 1 1 ET
1 0 0 Table 2.2. Truth table for a 2 -input NAND
0 0 Gc
1
,NDE> gate
0 0 0
Inputs Output
Fig. 2.2. Pinning details of a 7400 i.c.
A NAND gate is used in logical A D
statements of the form: H H
If A AND B, NOT D H L
L H
For example, if I have a head- +5V
L L
ache AND I have a sore throat, I
will NOT go to work today. INPUT A ICI PIN II
The same results will be obtained
with each of the other three gates.
Compare these results with those
of Table 2.1.
THE 7400 I.C.
Four ready made NAND gates are
contained in the 7400 i.c., input/ NAND FOR OTHER LOGIC
output pinning details appear in ELEMENTS
Fig. 2.2. To provide current for Now connect one or more gates
operating the gates, pin 7 is con- of the 7400 in the various ways
nected to ground (OV) and pin 14 Fig. 2.3. Circuit for investigating the actions shown in Fig. 2.5a,b,c. Investigate
is connected to + 5V. of a NAND gate. their actions by completing the

truth tables and try to give a name where their inputs and outputs are
to the logic action of each of cross -coupled. The l.e.d.s on the I+SV
these circuits. Test -Bed will allow you to observe
Answers given later. the state of the outputs. The wiring ICI PIN 14
Wiring details on the Test -Bed up of this circuit on the Test -Bed
for these three circuits are shown is shown in Fig. 2.8.
in Fig. 2.6a,b, and c. To find out what this circuit will INPUT A
do, run through the programme in
A SIMPLE MEMORY Table 2.3 and note what happens
Our next experiment involves the at each step.
use of two of the gates in a 7400 This circuit can "remember" IC1 PIN 7
connected as shown in Fig. 2.7 which of the two inputs was the
Truth table for. (a)

Input Output
A D
+SV
ICI PIN 14
INPUT A
Truth table for..(

Inputs Output
Fig. 2.4. The circuit of Fig. 2.3. wired on the Test -Bed. A
oCIOo o oo o o C) o 000 o oo o o o (:) o ooooooo o o

FT/
INPUT A ICI PIN 11
OUTPUT C
2 1) 3 10 NI
Gla
9
Glc
=11
12
OUTPUT D
INPUT B Gld
OV
Truth table for (C)

Inputs Output
A E
Fig. 2.6a. Circuit of Fig. 2.5.a wired up on the Test -Bed.

Fig. 2.5. (Right). Connect one or more NAND gates as shown in each case, and try to deter-
mine what type of gate you are experimenting with.

2 3 4 56 7 8 9 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 24 26 28 30
10 11 12 32 34 36 38 4C
COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR
1
FIRST SIX PARTS OF DOING

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(1 off)
(2 off)
rl O 00 1 kfl (1 off)
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L 00 0 0 O00*0 0* Re Semiconductors
M
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(15 off)
P * BC107 silicon npn (1 off)
0 0 7400 Quad 2 -input NAND
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OUTPUT 0 N.
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7473
7490
7402
Dual J -K flip-flop (1 off)
Decade up counter (1 off)
Quad 2 -input NOR (1 off)
Miscellaneous
AAA * All U Stripboard 0.1 inch matrix 34
strips 34 holes (1 piece)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 24 26 28
crystal earpiece (1 off)
crocodile clips (4 off)
o o0o0oo o o0o0oooo Capacitors
0
0 0.47uF polyester (2 off)
1000/IF 10V elect. (2 off)
The capacitors were omitted from
the list sent to advertisers and
need to be ordered separately if
you have already purchased the
0 additional component pack.
0
These capacitors will be required
in Part 3 next month.
Fig. 2.6b. (Top left). Circuit of Fig. 2.5b.

wired on the Test -Bed.
Fig. 2.6c. (Left). Circuit of Fig. 2.5c. wired
up on the Test -Bed.
+SV
ICI PIN 14
Table 2.3. Investigation Programme
Step Action
1 Touch input A wire to OV
2 Remove input A wire from OV
3 Touch input A wire to OV again
4 Touch input B wire to OV
5 Remove input B wire from OV
6 Touch input B wire to OV again
7 Touch input B wire to +5V
8 Touch input A wire to OV
9 Continue as above until you have
found out what to do to make the
circuit change state.
Fig. 2.7. Circuit of a "Bistable", composed of two NAND gates.

Answers
The logic circuits of Fig. 2.6:
(a) gives a NOT (b) gives an AND
gate (NAND followed by NOT is
equivalent to NOT NOT AND which
reduces simply to AND (c) gives an
OR gate.
In the bistable circuit of Fig.
2.7 the following observations will
have been noticed:
(1) either D7 or D10 are lit (not
both). When input A is grounded,
D7 lights and D10 goes out (if not
already in that state)
(2) no change
(3) no change
(4) D7 goes out and D10 lights
(5) no change
(6) no change
(7) no change; with NAND gates,
unconnected inputs are effectively
"high" so touching to +5V rail
makes no difference
(8) D7 lights, D10 goes out
last to be grounded (touched on Readers will notice that a (9) To make D7 light and ex-
the OV rail). bistable is permanently wired into tinguish D10, ground input A. To
Such a memory has several the Test -Bed at IC3 using gates change to the other state ground
applications as we shall see later G3a and Gad. input B. Repeatedly grounding the
in the series. This circuit is called Also in TM we have a NOT gate same input has no effect.
a bistable because it is stable in with two outputs and the NAND at
either one of its two states. G3b fitted with two outputs. To be continued
1 2 3 4 56 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 4 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50
A O 0 ® 0 ® 0 0 0 0 ®0 ® 0 ®0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q®0®0®00 0 0 0 0 c®00®0000®0®0®0 A
B 0 0 B
C 0 C C
D O Qi * Qi O D
E 00 *
0 O
0
0
E
F
F
0 *0
H 0 C H
0 0 0
J 0 O *0 J
K 0 0 K
L 0C # R6 0 L
0
M
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0
0
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N
P 0o #* RI. R12 R13 R14

0
P
o O 0
R
S
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R
S
T D7 © D8 09 D10 T
U 0 U
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O 0
X
0
INPUT 8
0 0 0 0 X
Fig. 2.8. Wiring detail* On the Test -Bed for the circuit of Fig. 2.7.

their own telephone answering
machines over the telephone.
There is already in existence a
working prototype system where the
answering machine records a message
in the normal way and then automatic-
ally instructs the Post Office radio
paging service to bleep the owner. He
then 'phones his own answering
machine and uses his bleeper to
command it to rewind and replay the
recorded message.
Digital Bleeper
It turns out that some answering
machines are ideally suited to con-
version along these lines. They are
already designed to phone TIM auto-
matically after every call has been
recorded and it is a simple matter to
modify the machine so that it dials the
By ADRIAN HOPE Post Office Radiopaging computer,
Radio Paging He founded Multitone to exploit the rather than TIM, and so send out a
invention himself and his son Alex- bleep call for the machine owner.
It's amusing to watch how a room ander took over the company in 1938. Another automated system, soon to
full of business or medical men in the In 1955 St. Thomas's Hospital in be installed by Multitone at the
London area react when there is a London asked the firm to develop a American Stock Exchange in New
sudden electronic bleeping noise. York, is a digital display bleeper.
A fair number of them will go for personal paging system so that
doctors could be called to the tele- Already all the modern radio paging
their pocket paging receivers like bleep systems rely on digital trans-
cowboys going for a gun. It's hardly phone by bleeping from a central
control. The St. Thomas's Hospital missions. The present Post Office
surprising because apart from numer- Radiopaging system has the facility
ous internal or on -site systems there system went into operation in 1956.
Bleep signals were transmitted by an built in to send out eight different
are now ten thousand people in the coded signals to each of one hundred
London area who subscribe to the Bri- inductive loop laid round the hospital
walls. thousand subscribers, although in
tish Post Office Radiopaging scheme. It's interesting to note that St. fact only two codes (two bleeps or
The scheme has proved so success- three bleeps) are used and there are
ful that it is already being expanded, Thomas's Hospital was not only
first in the field but is now equipped so far nowhere near that number of
from ten thousand subscribers on with one of the most modern staff subscribers.
upwards towards the current hundred Currently, agreement in Europe is
thousand maximum. It is also likely paging systems in the world. Virtually
everyone, from consultants to foreman being reached on a new code which
that public paging will move into other will enable an almost infinite number
cities. Thames Valley is already plumber carry bleepers. The inductive
loop has been replaced by a radio of messages to be sent out to eight
covered, probably Birmingham is next. million subscribers. This will involve
One reason for the success of the transmitter and a microprocessor is
used in the main control console. a string of 32 -bit message and address
schemes is their surprisingly low cost, blocks, limited in complexity only by
only £7 a month and free phone calls When a doctor is bleeped the
microprocessor transmits a replica of available air -time. Because it becomes
to the Post Office computer which human speech which tells what impractical to register a large number
transmits the bleep calls over London of different messages simply in bleep
on receiving a dialled code instruction. extension number to call. This saves
the hospital switchboard operators an fashion (unless every subscriber is
Most people have only a very prepared to learn morse codel) the
sketchy idea of what radio paging is immense amount of work each day.
new generation of bleepers will have
all about. Here then is some of the a calculator style four digit display.
background. Much of the pioneering Interrogation This can give direct readout of
work in the UK was done by the British Whereas the St. Thomas's Hospital telephone extension numbers or, with
firm Multitone which was founded in system, and other internal or on -site a code book, can convey all manner
1931 by the Russian engineer Joseph systems can convey speech as well of messages, e.g. readout "1234"
Poliakoff. Poliakoff was a prolific as bleep tones, the Post Office Public means "phone home", readout "4321"
inventor years ahead of his time. For Radiopaging system is bleep -only. means "phone the office" and so on.
instance in 1900, while still a student This isn't half the disadvantage that This is exactly the system now being
in Moscow, he patented an optical you might imagine. Verbal messages installed in the American Stock
sound film system, based on the use are often quite unnecessary, and Exchange.
of selenium cells, which was very because they take up more time are a Alexander Poliakoff believes we are
similar to that used in your local terrible waste of spectrum. only just now beginning to scrape the
cinema to this very day. It is far cheaper for all concerned, surface of paging potential. He envis-
In the early 20's he fled for his life if a public paging system simply sends ages us all one day carrying a receiver
to England and in 1925 worked with out a bleep to a subscriber who then and using it for electronic identifica-
GEC on what was effectively a point goes to the nearest telephone and tion like a bank card. Although he's
contact transistor. In 1929 he devised calls home or the office. It makes far biased, it's easy to subscribe to the
a transformer which served as a tone better sense to automate the system view and wonder about becoming a
control but, failed (hardly surprisingly) further, rather than introduce speech. Post Office paging subscriber.
to persuade Plessey to hand over a One line of automation already being Next month we will look at the
third share of their company in return investigated is the use by subscribers frequencies used for paging, and why
for the transformer patent I of their own bleepers to interrogate they are interesting.

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Everyday Etectronzcs, November 1978 797
Each of the four bistables is
formed by two gates, half of a
7400 NAND i.c. In the normal rest
state the outputs, pins 11 and 3, of
each i.c. are high.
Consider the bistable formed by
Gla and Glb. The inputs, pins 9
and 13 are high as they are con-
nected via "pull-up" resistors to
the positive supply. In order for
the output to be high at pin 11, the
other input, pin 12, must be low.
This low condition is obtained
from pin 8 of Glb. This low output
at pin 8 is obtained from the out-
put at pin 11. The two inputs, pins
9 and 10 both being high.
TRUTH TABLE
This sounds complicated but
reference to the Truth Table Fig.
1 for this gate should make it
clear.
The above is also true for the
remaining three bistables, each
output being high. The four out-
puts are taken to G3a and G3b.
The Truth Table for this NOR gate
Fig. 1 shows that when both in-
puts are high the output is low. The
two outputs pins 4 and 10 are con-
nected to G3c which is wired as an
inverter. The resultant output of
this gate being high.
AHOME security system is not CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
complete without an elec- The circuit of the Combination COMBINATION
tronic combination lock. A lock 'Lock is shown in Fig. 2. It consists The action of a bistable is to
which requires a certain combina- of three distinct sections : key- remain in one state until it is
tion to release the front door a board and bistables, timer, and caused to flip over to the opposite
luxury indeed. But for a small switch. Each will now be described state. In this circuit the bistables
initial outlay, you can add a com- in turn.
bination lock easily and simply, as are arranged to be high until set
this article explains. to the low condition.
Of course you need not use the KEYBOARD AND BISTABLES Consider the first bistable Gla
lock in this situation, it is equally Four switches of a ten -switch and Glb. As was said previously
suited for any other type of enclo- keyboard are connected individu- the input, pin 9, is high. When
sure; desk drawers, cupboards and ally to one or other of four bi- switch S3 is pressed, the input is
so on. It can also be used for its stables. The choice of which taken low, the effect of the pull-up
novelty value, say at a fete where switches are connected decide the resistor being overidden.
a contestant has to solve the right overall combination. In our design We now have a situation where
combination before he wins a the switches are wired for 9621, in the two inputs to Glb are low and
prize. No doubt other uses will that order. There is of course no high respectively, according to the
come to mind. reason why this should not be Truth Table the output will now
changed, details will be given go high.
later. This high condition presented to
WONDERBOARD the other input of Gla, is suffi-
The more observant readers will 7400 7402 cient to cause the output to go
have noticed the rather unusual NAND GATE NOR GATE low. Once again reference to the
layout in the diagrams. We are INPUTS OUTPUT INPUTS OUTPUT Truth Table will make this clear.
using, we believe for the first time AB C A B C
For the remaining three bi-
in this country, a new wiring stables the action is precisely the
board. This is a low cost Elasto- 0
0
0 0
0
0
0
same, each in turn flips over to the
meric Contact Circuit Card. Quite
1 1
1 0 1 0 0 low state. However, one important

a mouthful! So we shall call it by 1 1 0 1 1 0 point should be noted. Whereas in
its trade name "Wonderboard". the first bistable the low was
(See Special Report elsewhere in Fig. 1. Truth tables for a NAND and NOR derived from the ground OV line,
this issue.) gate. the low for each successive switch

is derived from the low output of has been set, to reverse the con-
the previous bistable. dition a low needs to be applied to
It should now be apparent that the opposite input. In our case this
providing the keys are pressed in will be pin 13 of IC1.
the correct order, all the bistables Now when an incorrect key is
will change state. However, even if pressed, say for example S4, a low
the correct keys have been found, will be placed on the reset line.
this does not mean the bistables The reset line is common to the
will operate. Only if the first key opposite inputs of the bistables.
is correct, will the low condition Referring to the Truth Table it Lock: £10 excluding cases and
be available for the next bistable will now be seen that the bistable switches
Power Supply: £4 SO excluding
and so on. will flip over to its original state. batteries
Once the four keys have been This is true for all the reset keys Mechanics: £2 depending on
pressed in their correct sequence, and for each bistable. arrangement used.
we now have a situation where all delay period, and having the door
the outputs are low. The two gates TIMER locked automatically behind. This
G3a and G3b, because of the low An automatic re -locking facility period may be increased by in-
input conditions at all inputs will is included in the form of IC4, creasing the values of R8 and/or
produce a high output, this is then wired as a monostable. The values C4.
inverted by G3c, and passed to the chosen for R8 and C4 produce an The timing period is started via
trigger input of IC4. output pulse of 20 seconds dura- the transition of the output from
tion when a trigger pulse is high to low of G3c. As soon as the
RESET KEYS received at pin 2 via G3c. timer has been triggered, pin 2,
Assuming the first key has been Having this auto-relock will en- the switch operates and connects
selected correctly and the bistable able the user to enter, within the power to the solenoid.
Fig. 2. Circuit diagram of the Combination Lock. The unmarked diode is integral with the relay, which is a d.i.l. type. Although a solenoid is
shown as the controlled device, other devices may be used.
+5V
?14
14
R1-4
11
1C3
R7
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R2
R3
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11-
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Glc
3 OOrNFT 33pT
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Gld 7 R6
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17
ikn
TR1
Cl BFY50
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141 0.04.1F
KEYBOARD
RLA
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RLA1
1-
12V
DC.
74.00 SOLENOID BOLT

RESET 7
- Ve

After the period has elapsed the on the board without the leads The best way we found when
monostable will reset, the switch coming through the other side. connecting the link wires is to in-
turns off and the bolt is then The only component to which sert one end in the appropriate
locked once more. this cannot be done is the transis- hole, carefully position the wire as
tor. Here the leads are left long, shown, cut the wire a few milli-
SWITCH the transistor being positioned metres past the hole, bend the end
The switch consists simply of a slightly over to one side. This will at rightangles and insert it into the
transistor and reed relay. The con- allow sufficient space for the other hole. Final "dressing" of the wire
tacts of the relay operating the components to fit. can then be done.
external device. In this design the Once all the components have Where wires cross, either insu-
device is solenoid, for other pur- been mounted the wiring can then lating sleeving can be used, or
poses other devices may be used. be carried out. To prevent any insulated wire. Remember, how-
A bell and light could be used for mistakes it is advisable to mark ever, that the wire needs to be
example, for say, at a fete. For each lead as it is wired in. thin. We found that 26 s.w.g.
each device the supply must be
chosen to suit.
The transistor is turned on via
the pulse from the output of IC4, COMPONENTST
pin 3. As the transistor is turned
hard on the collector voltage will COMBINATION LOCK
fall to zero volts thus connecting Resistors
the reed relay between the positive R1 1k11 R3 1k0 R5 Hal R7 27k LI
supply and ground. The relay thus R2 1k 12 R4 1k0 R6 1k0 R8 330k L2
operates, and through its contacts All INN carbon ±10%
the solenoid will operate. This fall
in collector voltage is transmitted Capacitors
via Cl to the bistable reset line 0.01µF miniature polyester
setting"the outputs of each bistable C2 0.001µF miniature polyester
high, ready for the next operation. C3 0.01µF miniature polyester
C4 33/4F 10V Tantulam
Semiconductors
101 7400 Quad NAND gate
102 7400 Quad NAND gate
IC3 7402 Quad NOR gate
IC4 NE555 timer
TR1 BFY50 npn silicon
starts here Miscellaneous

RLA 14 pin d.i.l reed relay with one set of normally open contacts. Coil
resistance of 500 ohms.
S1 to S10 single pole push on, release off switch (10 off) (RS type 337 611)
Solenoid 12 volt d.c. type (RS type 349 709)
Matrix board 0.1 inch 28 x 49 holes (125 x 70mm); one "Small Wonder"
CONSTRUCTION Wonderboard; Vero flip top case; length of nine core cable as required;
Construction can begin with 26 s.w.g. tinned copper wire; solid connecting wire; case as required to
house lock and power supply.
mounting the components on the
Wonderboard, remember that no
soldering is required with this POWER SUPPLY
See
form of construction! (For further Resistors
details see Special Report in this R1 1200 1W carbon ±10%
issue.) The layout of Fig. 3 shows
both the topside and underside of Capacitors
the board. Note that the com- C1 2200µF 25V elect. page 790
ponents are mounted on the top, Semiconductors
and all wiring on the under- D1 to D5 IN4001 rectifiers (5 off)
side. If the wiring becomes tricky, D6 BZY88C5V6 5.6V 400mW Zener diode
a few wires can be mounted on the
topside. Miscellaneous
First mount the i.c.s and d.i.l. T1 standard mains transformer 9V secondary at 1 amp
relay in the positions shown, then B1 12V battery capable of supplying 800mA for a few seconds. For
the resistors and capacitors can be example: HP1, 8 x U2.
mounted. We found it an advan- Matrix board 0.1 inch 42 x 37 holes; connecting wire; mains cable.
tage when trimming the leads to
bend the leads at the angle DOOR MECHANICS
required and then cut the leads Solenoid as described; "T" shaped flat steel for bolt; low tension return
from the bottom of the component springs (2 off); cover if required to enclose mechanics; two steel "keeps".
to a length of 3mm. This will
allow the component to sit snuggly

111,00000.01
0 2
0
®+S
.0 7
-Ve 08
9
10
11
12 12
13
14 43
15 0 4.
16 O 57,0 16
17 O 17
18 O Q 00 40 18
00 510 0 19
190 O O
29 0 O 7 00 0 zo
21 0 O O 021
22 0 O 0 +12V022
23 0 O 00 023
24 0 O Q 00 024
25 0 O 00 025
26 0 O 0 00 026
27 0 O 00 S 0 27
28 0 O 00 OCW 028
290 00 E,S3LENOlb
30 0 O 00 00 030
31 OA OF EOOD C0013 A031
Fig. 3. Wiring diagram for the ci cuit. The underside wiring is shown as two processes for clarity.
Mark each lead on the diagram as it is wired in-this will avoid any errors. Also ensure that the com-
ponents you have are small enough to fit in the positions indicated.
0 ®.Q.0
00 00 00 00 00 06 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000 0000 00
DI
1i
C21
0
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 000 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00
O
o
O
o
0
O
O
0
0
O 10 -
e;
0
0
0
0
O
O
O
0
O
O
0 O
O
O O
05 0 O
O 0
O 0
0
O 0
0
O 0
O , o
0
B1 +Ve
O 0
O 0
O 0
O 0
O
0
0
06 O
0
O
O
O 510
0
B1 -ye O
0
O
C
0
O 0
0 E7
0 0
O SOLENOID
O 0
0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 00 0 00 00 0 0
0
O
0
0 0
O
00 0000000000000000000000000000000u00
Fig. 4. Wiring details for the keyboard. If
a different combination is required refer
Fig. 6. Wiring details for the power supply. to the text on how to do this.

The switches are wired up as
follows:
HOW IT WORKS 1. First key (9). Connect one
terminal to location B6. Con-
BISTABLES LOGIC nect the other to point A17.
SOLENOID
/ r-'--0
10
'000 RESET
2. Second key (6). Connect one
:000
TRIGGER
PULSE terminal to point B4. Connect
I
KEYBOARD
the other to A5.
MONO -
STABLE
3. Third key (2). Connect one
RELAY terminal to A3. The other ter-
minal to B16.
4. Fourth key (1). Connect one
terminal to point B14. Connect
the other to point A15.
As each digit on the KEYBOARD is selected correctly a BISTABLE All the remaining keys have one
associated with that particular switch will change state. Once all four terminal commoned and connected
BISTABLES have changed state, the LOGIC circuit will detect this change to ground, location A17, the other
and provide a trigger pulse to set the MONOSTABLE in operation. As the terminals are also commoned and
MONOSTABLE operates and begins its timing period the ELECTRONIC one lead connected to the reset
SWITCH is activated. This in turn energises the RELAY which itself in
turn operates the SOLENOID. The SOLENOID thus operates and unlocks line, point C17.
the door. As shown in Fig. 4 we have
After the MONOSTABLE has finished its timing period, it will reset the wired our keyboard to produce the
ELECTRONIC SWITCH and BISTABLES ready for the next operation. The combination 9621. For other com-
timing period is preset for 20 seconds, long enough to open the door and binations the wiring must of
walk through. If at any time an incorrect digit is pressed the circuit will course be altered to suit. The
reset, thus preventing the unwanted intruder to enter. position of the keyboard should
now be determined, and a length
of nine core cable should be cut
tinned copper wire was more than methods of mounting. We used a to size. Ex -Post Office cable can be
adequate, taking into account the small Vero flip top box, which used here, alternatively any other
number of wires per hole and the looks neat and has the advantage type can be used. Most cable
small force required to insert them that the keys are covered against bought nowadays will have a
into the hole. the effects of the weather. screen, and in this instance is
For making external connec- ignored.
tions, thin solid insulated wire can
be used. KEYBOARD WIRING POWER SUPPLY
The final combination is decided Used as described the Combina-
KEYBOARD by the constructor, so there is no tion Lock requires the following
The ten switches forming the necessity to follow our layout. power supplies; 12 volts at 800
keyboard are mounted on a piece
of matrix board, 28 x 49 holes.
They are arranged in the familiar
calculator style, that is three by
three matrix, with the zero at the
bottom. There is of course no
reason why a ready made key-
board cannot be used, but note
that some keyboards have one side
of each key common and would be
no use in this application.
There is also no reason why
extra keys cannot be added,
possibly labelled with some un-
familiar symbol. Only four keys
are actually wired, but the thought
of all those many keys, together
with all the different combinations
which could be used should be a
larger enough deterrent to most
people.
If the keyboard is to be used
outside the door which is to be
locked, then a sturdy weather
proof case of some description
should be provided. It is left to the General photograph of the Combination Lock. On the left is the power supply, with the
constructor to devise his own solenoid and board to its right. Far right is the keyboard housed in a suitable case.

form of back up system in case
the mains supply failed. If it did
so the solenoid would not operate,
with the result that the door would
be permanently locked!
A simple battery system was
therefore incorporated, the final
design is shown in Fig. 5.
0E
Construction is done entirely on
plain matrix board, the layout of
Fig. 5. Circuit for the simple power supply. Note the back-up battery used in the case of which is shown in Fig. 6.
power cuts. The battery needs to supply 700mA for about 20 seconds in each operation.
Thus a high capacity battery is required to ensure a long life. DOOR MECHANICS
The mechanical arrangements
DOOR
for the door lock is entirely up to
DOOR
FRAME the individual, we give just one
RETURN 1 suggestion from which the con-
POSITION OF
COVER
SPRING structor can build on. This is
shown in Fig. 7.
CLOSED
END
IN USE
Once constructed, the unit can
be checked for faults. If all
appears to be well the power
supply can be connected.
C21
C27 FLAT
STEEL
By setting up the correct combi-
C) BOLT nation the relay should operate, if
FIXING, an external device is connected,
POINT
the relay contacts should operate
this also.
If the lock fails to operate, each
Fig. 7. One suggested arrangement for a door bolt. Other methods will of course need to be
section should be checked in turn
used to suit the type of door used. A position for a cover is also shown which is used to for correct operation. The circuit
enclose the mechanics. easily splits into individual sections
milliamps for the solenoid and 5 for this purpose: bistables; timer
albeit for brief periods, when the and switch.
volts at 45 milliamps for the "elec- solenoid is energised. It was there- If all functions satisfactorily, the
tronics". fore decided to use a mains power board and power supply can be
Battery operation was ruled out supply. At the same time it was housed in a suitable case and the
due to the high current drain. thought necessary to include some keyboard mounted as desired.
JACK PLUG & FAMILY... BY DOUG BAKER
YOU CAN'T WATCH 'MATCH OF THE FOOTBAH-7\..

WEEK', I'VE PROMISED THE CHILDREN !X?*-P.K HOOLI ,AN!
THEY CAN PLAY THE TV, FOOTBALL GAME
a_ -

ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED
AIR FKESHE\EK
By D. Warwick
T GOES almost without saying THE FUNCTION OF AN pellant used in most aerosol air
I that people like pleasant smells ELECTRONIC AIR fresheners on the ozone layer in
and dislike unpleasant ones! Spring the upper atmosphere.
flowers, new mown grass, frying FRESHENER
So our electronic air freshener
bacon, roasting coffee; a delight in The supermarket shelves are should not contain liquids to spill,
the right places at the right time: packed with air fresheners of dif- should act continuously and should
but what about the lounge the ferent types-solid blocks, liquids have a powered airflow. Obviously,
morning after a party, or yester- with a wick, impregnated plastics, it should also be safe to use. All
day's boiled cabbage or the day aerosols, gels and so on. Liquid sys- this can be achieved using a solid
before's fried fish? Not so good. tems are difficult to handle and can perfume emanator, a small fan,
It's not always practical to fling spill. Solid air fresheners rely on and a timing circuit which turns
open windows to let the smell out convection currents to distribute the fan on at regular intervals.
and so-called fresh air in. For one the fragrance and consequently are The two circuits described in this
thing, in winter time a lot of localised in their effect. Aerosols article enable the air freshener to
money has been spent on heating force into the room but require operate at either four- or 15 -
the air in a room and opening the manual operation and thus cannot minute intervals. As the former
windows lets out all that costly act continuously. In addition there will give off approximately three
warmth along with the smell. is still a certain amount of con- times the perfume of the latter it
A number of air freshening de- troversy about the possible harm- will cope with the bigger smell
vices which mask or neutralise ful effect of the fluorocarbon pro- problem but the perfume emanator
odours are available for use in the
home but all have certain dis-
advantages. Here is an electronic
answer to the problem which over-
comes many of these disadvantages
in a novel and simple way. The completed
0
"d.i.y." Matrix
Board model Air
Freshener. g)121240AFrriFicstik
Ile
£9
S1
The E Cell
The E cell is worth mentioning
in its own right. 'E' stands for
electrochemical and its opera- R1
5.6M11
R2
120kIl
R3
3.3k12
R4
270kfl
R5
/5k11
R6
4712
tion makes use of ion (as
opposed to electron) conduction. C2
22MF
A cross section of the device B1
is shown below. It consists C3 6V
of a silver case, a gold work- El TR4

/50).(F
-1-
BC325
ing electrode, and a silver elec-
trolyte. The electrolyte allows TR3
BCI68C
ion conduction to take place TR1
between the electrodes. One BC168C TR2
atom of silver is electro-plated
on the gold electrode for each
.c, BC168C
electron entering the cell. On TI700pF

reversing the polarity the atom
is removed.
When all the silver has been Fig. 1. Circuit for the 15 -minute timer. This version uses the E cell.
removed from the gold elec-
trode ion conduction ceases and will only last for a third of the of the cycle, and R4 and the E cell
the device becomes effectively time. The gel emanator recom- the off -state or long part of the
open circuit. mended here should last for six to cycle.
Typical plating currents are eight weeks with the 15 -minute When S1 is closed the motor will
in the microampere region. For
example, the device could be timer circuit. run for a short period depending
charged by a current of 200,IA on the state of C2. The following
for 100 seconds and then dis- 15 -MINUTE TIMER off -period will be controlled by the
charged by 20,A for 1,000 One version of the air freshener charging of the E cell during this
seconds. This is the type of has been designed to deliver a period plus any remaining charge
application adopted for the air measure of perfumed air at pre- when the circuit was last turned
freshener; however, many other off.
interesting circuits are possible determined intervals of about 15
using this device. minutes. This requires that the When the E cell reaches its end
WORKING motor runs for about 10 seconds in point the voltage at the base of
ELECTRODE
(GOLD) every 15 minutes. This has to be TR3 starts to rise turning on TR3
achieved from a battery source and and TR4 and starting the motor.
therefore to obtain reasonable bat- C2 takes the base voltage of TR1
tery life, low current drain is to -4.8V turning TR1 and TR2 off
required. and C2 starts to change through
The circuit in Fig. 1 achieves an Rl. At the same time the E cell is
off -time of 10 to 15 minutes and a charged through R3 until the base
motor -run time of 8 to 12 seconds, voltage at TR1 reaches 1.2V and
the off -state current being 2mA. TR1 and TR2 turn on turning off
RESERVOIR
SILVER
ELECTROLYTE This circuit acts as an astable TR3 and TR4 and stopping the
ELECTRODE
(SILVER CASE) multivibrator with R1 and C2 motor.
timing the motor run or short part The E cell discharges through
R4 until it reaches its end point,
when the voltage at the base of
TR3 starts to rise. The cycle is now
S1 complete and a new cycle restarts.
R3 I1412
w IC1 PIN II
Cl
0.11.1F
4 -MINUTE TIMER
'/2 IC1 '/21C1
6
401313
2 12
B1 The circuit shown in Fig. 2 per-
sI z, 52 52
6V
forms the same function as the E
R2
470k11 TR1
BC168C
cell circuit but operates at shorter
0
c 10
R, 0
13
time intervals. This is achieved
using a cmos Dual D type flip flop
RI
R6
5.8M11
(IC1) and two RC networks. The
ISMII
C)D1 advantage of using the integrated
IN4148 circuit is the much lower power
RS
consumption, typically 2/AA during
the off period.
R1
thin C2
//iF ICI
C3
47pF Although the motor is turned on
PINS 3.5,1,9,11 three times as often, nevertheless
because of this very low current
consumption during the off -cycle
battery life is better than in the
Fig. 2. Circuit for the 4-minut3 timer. A CMOS i.c. is used as the basis of this version. case of the E cell circuit.

The maximum length of off -time
depends on the leakage of the COMPONENTS
1,`
capacitor used in the timing net-

work. Longer times can be
4 -MINUTE TIMER - - - 15 -MINUTE TIMER - -
achieved by selecting low leak-
age components. However, four Resistors Resistors
minutes can be achieved with low 1M0 5.6M0
cost tantalum capacitors. R1 See R1
R2 47%0 R2 120k0
The complete circuit consists of R3 3.3k0
Vat
R3 1M0
two independent timing circuits R4 15M R4 270k0
each using one D -type flip flop R5 470 R5 15k0
(half of IC1). These are coupled R6 6.8M0 page 790 R6 470
together so that as one turns off All carbon +W ±5% All carbon 1-W ±5%
the other is turned on. When Si is
closed Cl and RI differentiate the Capacitors Capacitors
supply rail making Si go high. This C1 0.1pF polyester (C280 C1 4700pF disc ceramic
sets Q2 and Q2 low so the motor series) C2 2.2/4F polycarbonate 100V
runs whilst C2 is charged through C2 1pF polycarbonate 250V C3 150pF elect. 6.3V
R4. When the voltage on C2 is Siemens
sufficient to reset Qi, Q1 goes low C3 471/F tantalum dry bead Transistors
turning off the motor and (21 goes TR1 BC168C npn silicon
high, thus S2 goes high setting Q2 Semiconductors TR2 BC168C npn silicon
high and Q2 low. TR1 BC168C npn silicon TR3 BC168C npn silicon
C3 changes through R6 until the D1 1N4148 diode TR4 BC328 pnp silicon
voltage is sufficient to reset Q2. IC1 4013 or 4013B Dual D - E E -cell Plessey type 560-0002
Q2 goes high setting S, high and type flip-flop
the motor starts to run and the Miscellaneous
cycle recommences. In order to dis- spacing, 1.5mm thick mini-
charge C3 during the compara- B1 6V.HP11 1.5V cells (4 off)
M1 Miniature motor, Mabuchi mum, approx. 100mm square.
tively short motor -run period it is type RF-510A-1260 or Bakelite (or s.r.p.b.) sheet
necessary to put a diode D1 across equivalent 1.5mm thick minimum.
R6. S1 Single pole, single throw Plastic box 188mm x 100mm x
Care must be taken when hand- toggle switch 50mm (Verobox 65-2522K).
ling the integrated circuit ICI as Brass strip, B.A. screws and
it is a cmos device and as such is Matrix board 0.1 inch hole nuts.
easily damaged by static. Do not
handle the pins without shorting
them together and use an earthed Almost any form of perfume Take care that air is not drawn
soldering iron when working on emanator can be used with either in and blown out in such a way
the printed circuit board. Any pins model-gels, blocks, or even a that the air current avoids passing
not used must be connected to the lavender bag-as long as they fit across the block or gel.
ground rail. the compartment provided.
HOUSING DETAILS
The construction detailed here
utilises a standard plastics box of
internal dimensions 100 X 188 X
Many methods of construction 50mm high and is based on the
may be used and since this unit is use of Rizla Ventaine gel pots or
starts here intentionally on display, it may
well be considered as a functional
similar.
The box and lid should be drilled
ornament. This being the case, and slotted in accordance with Fig.
those readers who are artistic by 3 and then fitted with battery con-
nature may wish to design their tacts fabricated from 0-4/0.5mm
own housing or adapt something brass strip (Fig. 5). These contacts
already in existence. are fitted with countersunk screws
TWO APPROACHES Whatever the method, it is through the box such that the
Two approaches are proposed necessary, for effective operation, heads are flush to sub -flush. The
for the construction of the air to remember a few basic prin- appearance will be enhanced if the
freshener. The first, a matrix board ciples. The fan or rotor must : screws are chrome -plated or simi-
model housed in a standard plas- (1) draw air through an inlet lar.
tics case, will suit those who like across the perfumed block or gel Next prepare and fit the shutter
to make everything for them- and to blow this air through an (Fig. 4, using suitable screws (for
selves. The second approach makes outlet. OR example, 4BA) with large washers
use of a p.c.b. and proprietary (2) draw air through an inlet below a nut and a locknut on the
plastic mouldings and parts to pro- and blow it across the perfumed inside of the box. The shutter is
vide a stylish snap -together type block or gel and thence through closed when the unit is switched
assembly. the outlet. off in order to reduce evaporation

TOP
2 COUNTERSUNK HOLES
36_1.1TO SUIT BATTERY CONTACT
FIXING SCREWS
I
HOLE IN SIDE
TO SUIT SWITCH S1
27
1
BOTTOM
-f-
I
27
28-4.1-.4-- 30 --01
40
I
Fig. 3. Drilling and slotting details 3 COUNTERSUNK HOLES

TO SUIT BATTERY CONTACT
- for box and lid.
70 1..J
to -IS -N.1 LID
FIXING SCREWS
4 1, --I
-0.t74 f-
[[[[a [E[F0 fl I'2
10 SLOTS 3x10 SPACED 5 APART
IN TWO BLOCKS OF FIVE
2 SLOTS 4 WIDE CID1:21)RTIROS
AIR FRESHENER
FRONT
160
L0170 15 15
0;
0090 PEON]
10 SLOTS 3x10 SPACED 5 APART FINGER PULL 20x5x3 2 HOLES 4 DIA.
IN TWO BLOCKS OF FIVE
MATRIX BOARD VERSION
162
Fig. 4. Shutter details.
22.5 771."-- . TWO HOLES 2.5 DIA.

(MOTOR MOUNTING)
2' 2 MINA 4;1 52
ig S
HOLE TO SUIT BATTERY

CONTACT FIXING SCREW
104
...I I 60.
-47.1-15-)4
5
ko-15-3.1 I
10 DIA.
I I.
(MOTOR BOSS) -'-'
Fig. 5. Battery contacts.
36
60° 6 BLADES 20x10 HIGH
7°484 HOLES 25 DIA. . '
-
V
MATERIAL IS THICK S.R.B.P

ALL DIMENSIONS IN mm
HOLE TO SUIT
MOTOR SPINDLE
MATRIX BOARD
65
Fig. 6. Rotor assembly. Fig. 7. Inner chassis assembly.

013°01lirnos
AIR FRESHENER
000 0000000000 8I+ve

0
ICI
0 VIA Si
81 -ye
0
0 0
R3
II RI 0
I 00 0 11-0-63.-0-0-0-5
r.
o 0
0
C2
o 0
0 o 0
0 TRI o
0 liR5 0
0 O
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 R2 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 0---
0 O
O
0 --f--
0
0
R6
RI
0
0
0
0 0---1102 0
0
0
03+40C4'
0 C3
- 00000
O
0
0
0
O
O
ooos*'"Vo
O
O
po0000000000000000 000000000000000000
Fig. 8. Top view of matrix board, with components Fig. 9. Underside view of matrix board, showing wiring.
in position.
Fig. 10. Printed circuit board for Snap assembly model Fig. 11. Top view of circuit board (Fig. 10) with com-
(15 minute timer). Broken lines indicate position of ponents in position.
battery contacts which are secured to the board by
eyelet fasteners.

of the block or gel and thereby
extending the life of the gel.
In this construction a separate
on/off switch is incorporated but
it would be a simple matter to fit a
light -action microswitch which is
operated by the end of one of the
shutter fixing screws. In this way
only a single action would be
necessary to open the shutter and
simultaneously switch on the unit.
INNER CHASSIS
Next construct the inner chassis
which provides a matrix board for
circuit component assembly, locates
the batteries and gel tub, and pro-
vides the two necessary compart-
ments. The centre section should
be closely matched to the box pro-
file in order that the main air flow
between compartments is via the
15mm diameter hole in the centre
section (see Fig. 7). Secure to-
gether using suitable adhesive.
ROTOR ASSEMBLY 4111111L,',.

Complete kit of parts for the "Snap Assembly" model Air Freshener, together with a com-
Referring to Fig. 6 cut a 65mm pleted unit (centre). Appropriate components and circular p.c.b. are available for either the
diameter disc to 1 .5/2 -Omm thick 15 -minute or the 4 -minute timer.
Bakelite, s.r.b.p., or similar material
and six pieces of 0 -75mm thick
flexible plastic or similar. These
latter pieces which form the blades and white high impact polystyrene
of the rotor should be secured to provide a top cover to hold and
approximately as shown with suit- seal the gel, a bottom cover to
able adhesive. In the prototype house the battery and a centre
model, the blades are straight but moulding to support the timing cir-
if it is required to increase the cuit and rotor.
"scoop" effect then they should be The battery contacts snap into
suitably curved. place and the circuit board can be
sealed to the centre moulding.
The circuit components are
GENERAL ASSEMBLY mounted on a circular p.c.b. Pat-
Components should be mounted terns for the 15 -minute version and
as shown on the matrix board (Fig. the 4 -minute version are given in
8). This component layout is for Fig. 10 and Fig. 11.
the 4 -minute version, circuit Fig. A complete kit of these parts is
2. (If the 15 -minute version is re- available from Greenweld.
quired, the constructor must plan
his own layout, based on the cir-
cuit in Fig. 1.) The flex leads from
the positive and negative battery
terminals being fed through the "Snap Assembly" model p.c.b. assembly.
hole in the centre section and
dressed to give adequate clearance
from the rotor. The rotor assembly
may be force fitted or stuck to the
motor spindle with a suitable
adhesive. Finally fit the motor and
rotor assembly, ensuring that the
direction of rotation is as shown. Those who do not feel able (or
Fit four SP11 batteries taking inclined) to tackle all this
heed for the polarities, position gel mechanical work may prefer to
tub, screw on the lid and switch on build the alternative model using
to "the sweet smell of success." proprietary parts.
This model of the air freshener
makes use of mouldings in black

Everyday News minals will also be carried A dozen young ladies are
out in France, Germany and currently taking the 3 -year
Italy. marine radio officer course
One of the new features of at Riversdale College of
OTS is that it operates at Technology, Liverpool. But
much higher radio fre- still a long way to go to
quencies than earlier satel- achieve parity. There are 174
lites, 11 and 14GHz instead male students.
of 4 and 6GHz. (10GHz is
equal to ten thousand million
cycles a second-equivalent
to a wavelength of 3 cms.)
Operation at higher frequen- Hunt the Set
cies reduces the risk of inter- Impecunious home - com-
ference from other terres- puter buffs are said to be hot
trial microwave radio sys- on the trail of old and cheap
tems. TV sets which can be pressed
Part of the test pro- into service as VDUs, either
gramme with OTS will in- through adaptation or by
clude trials with digital using an interface unit
transmission, a way of send- direct into the aerial socket.
ing telephone speech as on -off
impulses instead of in their
more usual wave form. Some
50 experimenters throughout
**
Europe will be using OTS for Silicon -on -sapphire (SOS)
other studies of new forms techniques of i.c. manufac-
of radio transmission. The ture are becoming more
organisations taking part in- prominent. SOS chips provide
clude the Post Off ice high speed devices but cost
Research Centre at Martle- more than plain silicon chips.
sham Heath, near Ipswich, The technique has been
which has its own 6m (20 ft) developed largely in the USA
diameter aerial for this work. but GEC's Hirst Research
Centre is working on a
Future Role British product which could
During "field trials" the go into production by 1981.
A new era in British and European space-age com- Post Office will also decide on
munications was reached recently with the handing the future operational role
over to the Post Office of a new all -British radio for the new aerial. It may be LES GIRLS!
aerial, to be used with the next generation of com- used to link up with the first Susie and Matilda are not,
of the operational European as you may have imagined,
munication satellites. communication satellites, to the latest additions to the
Jointly funded by Marconi Communication Systems, be sent up by the Eutelsat chorus line. They are both
the Department of Industry, and the Post Office it organisation in 1981. Or it code -names for electronic
has been designed, developed and constructed at a may operate with the first of warfare equipment made by
the next generation of Intel- The MEL Equipment Com-
total cost of £3.25 million. The Department of Indus- sat satellites. This will be
try contribution being £850,000 under its Space Tech- Intelsat V to be launched at pany Ltd.
the end of into Susie detects and analyses
nology programme. 1979 a radar transmissions. Matilda
The new aerial, known as Goonhilly 4, will soon be geostationary orbit over the is a radar threat warning
Atlantic ocean to meet
sending test speech and television signals to the growth in communications
system.
Orbital Test Satellite (OTS) launched in May for on the busy transatlantic
the European Space Agency. The launching of OTS route between Europe and SPEECH FOR
is the first step in the Eutelsat project, Europe's own North America.
satellite system for the 1980s.
For this reason, Goonhilly THE YOUNG
4's dish aerial is mounted on 1 he first time the human
With the continuing rapid that the new technology per- a circular track so that it vocal tract has been elec-
growth in world communica- forms as well as its designers can be operated in either tronically duplicated on a
direction, to Europe or to single chip of silicon is
tions, international phone predict. the Atlantic.
calls to and from Britain Goonhilly 4 is one of the claimed by Texas for their
alone are doubling every first of a new design of large British First new speech -synthesis mono-
four to five years, existing Earth terminals to work with An interesting footnote to lithic integrated circuit.
satellite systems are begin- the new satellite. During the the above story is the news The speech -synthesis MOS/
ning to run out of spare next 18 months or so, it will that Ferranti engineers have LSI integrated circuit, along
capacity. be sending simulated speech successfully completed live with two I28K dynamic read-
A new generation of satel- and TV signals up to the tests of a new low-cost pro- only memories, each with the
lites is needed, based on satellite, which will receive fessional receive -only satel- capacity to store over 100
operation at higher radio them and retransmit back to lite ground station operating seconds of speech, and a
frequencies, to meet future the aerial. at 11GHz. special version of the TMS
needs. The OTS is just one Detailed measurements The tests were the first in 1000 microcomputer serve as
of the first of these satellites. will be made of aerial and Europe using a small ground the main electronics for the
As its name implies, it is a satellite performance in station to receive live company's new talking learn-
test bed and it will be used handling the signals. Similar pictures via the Orbital Test ing aid, Speak and Spell, for
by Western Europe to check tests using large Earth ter- Satellite. seven-year olds and upwards.

. . from the World of Electronics
-ANALYSIS ON THE ROAD Personal Victory

Next year's Cadillac Seville
FIFTY YEARS OF FUN limousines will have a MPU
computer system. An important piece of
Fifty years ago the amateur radio experimenter (electronics By pressing appropriate news this month is that
had not yet appeared) was still making many components. buttons the driver 6r front - Japanese companies may
Winding coils, building condensers (capacitors) both fixed seat passenger can call up have to pay Texas Instru-
and variable, making resistors from resistance wire. All
expensive in time and money but great fun.
present fuel economy, ments royalties to produce
average economy for the trip, miniature pocket calculators
Forty-five years ago saw the beginning of the boom in home average car speed, total on single i.c. chips.
construction, stimulated by the popularity of public broad- elapsed trip time, driving This is the result of the
casting, and the demand for components was met by eager
component manufacturers. In the 1930s you could buy off -
range on remaining fuel, Japanese Patent Office
miles -to -go to a pre -deter- decision to issue a patent
the -shelf components and complete radio kits for home mined destination, estimated covering virtually all
assembly. Competition and mass production brought prices time of arrival in prevailing miniature electronic cal-
down. A few die-hards of the old school complained that conditions, time of day, culators to Texas. The patent
"fings ain't what they used to be" but lots more people were engine r.p.m., engine tem- describes work that was
having lots more fun. And technology was advancing fast. You perature and system voltage. carried out in the mid -60s.
had to be bright and alert to keep up with it all-and that was The only thing it doesn't do The Japanese patent is
part of the fun. is to drive the car. based on US Patent 3,819,921
The post-war years were to see even more drastic changes. and was granted despite
The hobby was no longer just radio. It blossomed into the strong opposition from
much broader field of electronics. The transistor supplanted e-
the valve, the printed circuit came along and, later, the i.c.
Japanese companies in a
The giant GEC group which country where many elec-
and complete circuit modules. employs 156,000 people in the tronic calculators are made
During these latter years, circuit design has moved away UK is looking for another and exported. The patent is
from the equipment designers to the component manufac- 3,000 skilled men and women. for personal -sized battery
turers. A component today can still be a simple 5k resistor. 1977-78 sales at £2,343 million operated calculators which
Or it can equally be a whole audio amplifier on a single-chip- have their main circuitry in
or even a computer.
reached another all-time
record, some £300 million a single integrated circuit
With each successive advance of the technology the old- higher than 1976-77. chip.
timers have said the fun is going out of the game. But they
have been consistently wrong. The technology has changed
out of all recognition but the fun is still there-otherwise
how can one explain the growing popularity of a journal like
-EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS".
The electronics constructor has never had it so good. He
or she has not only a gold mine of components available com- Access to a central computer through any tele-
pared with the "good old days" but they have never been phone is now possible with the aid of Tele-Zip, a
cheaper, relative to income. As a schoolboy in the 1930s it British development by Data Dynamics. The only
took me weeks of self-denial to buy a 5/- (25p) valve and other thing you need is a standard TV receiver to
another 1/- (5p) for the valveholder. act as a visual display. Tele-Zip has a keyboard and
But it's not a question of money or of a changing tech- an acoustic modem housed in a briefcase.
nology. The real fun is that of achievement. Building some-
thing and making it work. Along the way in any project there To use, just dial up the computer, place the tele-
is scope for craftsmanship, perhaps some innovation and phone handset in the modem, plug into the aerial
experiment, and the crowning glory-it works! And we have socket of the TV and you are on-line to the com-
learnt something and produced something useful or puter with full keyboard access and VDU display.
entertaining. Price is quoted as £550.
It adds up to self-satisfaction. And there is just as much of
this in building today's projects with bought components as
there was in fashioning fifty years ago a capacitor from brass
plate. In fact, more fun when you think about it.
Brian G. Peck.
Well Advanced on i.c.s in a year than on

discretes, the implication
Despite all the publicity being that the UK is well
on microprocessors they still advanced technologically.
represent less than two per
cent of the total UK market
for i.c.s in general. In the
latest estimates issued by the A visual augmentation sys-
Electronic Components tem is being developed by
Industry Federation the total Marconi for installation in
semiconductor market in the Tornado aircraft. A sensitive
UK for 1977 was £251 million, low -light TV camera will
split £121 million for dis- enable both the pilot and
cretes and £130 million for navigator to see the scene
i.c.s. ahead on cockpit screens well
The UK is the first country, beyond what can be seen
after the USA, to spend more with the unaided eye.

RADIO WORLD
By Pat Hawker, G3VA
Expensive self -training And then what about a novice licence but its implementation ("Project Sea-
attitude of the British licensing providing limited facilities while pre- farer") has been delayed in the United
THE
authorities to Amateur Radio paring to take the full exam? States by the residents of Michigan
has for long seemed to be one of who not unnaturally are worried at the
benevolent despotism and careless massive powers and vast hundred -
indifference solidly based on adminis- After colour TV-what? mile antennas involved.
trative convenience. Undoubtedly the More than a decade ago, the Ameri- The latest proposal is to harness
officials concerned treat applicants can electronics industry began getting modulated beams of those mysterious
fairly and considerately, but they seem seriously concerned about finding an atomic particles called neutrinos and
to be erecting ever higher cost barriers answer to the question "After colour so form absolutely unstoppable com-
with little interest in encouraging the TV-what?". They foresaw the need to munications systems. The neutrinos,
self -training aspects of the hobby. find something new that would appeal generated in large proton accelerators,
A country that heavily subsidises to the public and so maintain the would be discharged towards its
virtually all other forms of training and impetus of the important. consumer target in laser -like pencil beams
education ;that bemoans the shortages market in electronics. It sometimes directly through the Earth, and then
of good electronic engineers and our seems that no really convincing detected in water by photodetectors.
dependence on overseas for micro- answer has yet been found, despite Like the 45Hz extremely low
electronics is surely short-sighted all the effort and promotion that have frequency system there could be a
if it makes it unnecessarily difficult gone into such products as home problem of data rate (equivalent to
for a youngster to acquire a licence. video recorders, video discs, video perhaps only one or two Morse dots
Even the Australians, not noted for games, teletext and viewdata, sur- per second) although some re-
administrative encouragement of ama- round -sound (quadraphony), micro- searchers claim this would be no
teur radio, in reviewing a British wave ovens, home computers and the problem. It is estimated that a particle
amateur radio publication, comment: like. beam could pass right through the
"The UK regulations differ consider- All these appeal to enthusiasts but Earth with less than 1 per cent
ably from ours-for which we should hardly to the mass market. The high attenuation I
be duly thankful." street shops still depend on colour
The Japanese so shaped their TV, second -set black -and -white FREQUENCY CHANGES
regulations in the 1960s, skating able TVs, sound radio and medium-fi A new international frequency
around the international requirement audio. Microprocessors that could agreement comes into effect from
for a Morse test for h.f. operation, control many domestic chores and November 23 1978, and many of the
that they encouraged hundreds of robot machines, the whole concept frequencies used for BBC Radio will
thousands to become radio amateurs of home information acquisition re- be changed at that time. The principal
in a space of a few short years and so trieval and processing, push-button new frequencies and wavelengths are
created the large domestic market shopping and the like seem only shown below:
for specialised equipment that has marginally nearer in practice than
since led to their enormous export when they first began to be advocated. Frequency Wavelength
success in this field. But they reserved Although I saw the very first demon- (kHz)
stiffer tests for those wanting full (M)
strations of teletext by colleagues in
operating priviledges. the IBA back in April 1973, and retain Radio 1 1053 & 1089 285 & 2751
a profound respect for the technology, Radio 2 693 & 909 433 & 330 Med
it remains increasingly difficult to Radio 3 1215 Wave
247
Incentive Sport imagine Mr and Mrs Everyman rushing Radio 4 200 1500 Long Wave
The Americans similarly use "incen- out to buy at the present level of Radio Scotland, Radio Wales, Radio
tive" licensing to encourage study decoder costs. To appeal to a mass Cymru, Radio Ulster, BBC Local Radio
beyond the minimum needed to obtain market, home electronics must pro- and all v.h.f. services-No Change.
a "novice" licence. The Russians by vide entertainment first and foremost
recognising Amateur Radio as an rather than information or instruc-
official "sport" have created a large tion; must be extremely simple to use
reserve of extremely proficient radio (think of the lack of demand for "all -
operators many using equipment they band" radios though these are at last
have built themselves. becoming simpler to use); and must
I do not suggest that the United be something which you could not
Kingdom is worse than some other bear the thought of your neighbour
European countries, but then it is having first.
this group of countries that in the
past has proved among the most
hostile to the hobby. Communicating with neutrinos
What could be done? Just for The search for means of communi-
starters why not find some way of cating with deeply submerged sub-
reducing the cost to youngsters of marines continues unabated. Several
taking the increasingly expensive City years ago "Project Sanguine" showed
& Guilds Radio Amateurs' Examina- the possibility of using radio signals "Dear Teacher, Bobby was unable to attend school
tion and the Post Office Morse Test. below 100Hz (yes hertz not kilohertz) yesterday as his calculator broke down."

NEXT MONTH
WATER LEVEL ALERT
Overflowing water can be expensive, as well as destructive. Prevent
this happening by building our simple audible alarm.
VEHICLE IMMOBILISER
Frustrate joy-riders and would-be car thieves with this simple but
effective circuit.
And dide
min i.m. MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER A simple two -transistor design
EE 20211 TUNER AMPLIFIER

Vari-cap tuning 20 + 20 watts continuous sine wave power
F.M. 5 pre-set stations and manual tune STEREO Inputs for magnetic or ceramic pickups
TUNER Phase lock loop stereo decoder AMPLIFIER H.F. and L.F. filters
Tuning meter Dual regulated power supply
An exciting and most satisfying "large-scale" project for the more experienced constructor.
A super equipment of lasting value for the most discerning hi -fl enthusiast.
Full technical, construction, and setting up details will be given in our "2020" Series commencing in the December issue.
dfitiffnics
Everyday Electronics, November 1978
DECEMBER
ISSUE ON SALE
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 17
813
tomers right to return goods. As I
understand it, if the goods are faulty,

the customer can return the goods
and request his money back. The
retailer has not even the option of
NTRUGENC exchanging them unless of course
the customer agrees, nor does there
seem to be any time limit. It means if
the customer is hard up for a bob or
By PAUL YOUNG two, he can blow up his multimeter
and demand the cost back in full.
7F1-1 However, in this instance, if the shop-
keeper suspects foul play, he can
refuse to return the money, pending
an examination of the meter by the
maker.
I MENTIONED recently that I am sure you will agree that this
Iwas What is an A.B.A.C.? I suppose is reasonable. Not that I am suggest-
all in favour of new ideas provided the simplest description is to say it is ing that any readers of EVERYDAY
they were an improvement on existing a slide rule without any moving parts. ELECTRONICS WOU Id stoop to such
ones, but sometimes useful things Several years ago Wireless World things. I am sure they would not, but
disappear without any apparent rea- produced a book of these containing at least I hope I have enlightened you
son. This was forcibly bought home some 43 AB ACs. Armed with these as to your rights in the matter.
to me a few days ago, when I wanted innumerable calculations could be
to work out how many turns, and on worked out in minutes, saving hours
what size former, needed, to wind a
I
of work. Has anything else replaced
coil of a certain inductance. I immedi- them? If not, why did they vanish? Better than Concorde
ately thought that to save time I
May I give a final "thank you" to all
would use an AB AC (hands up all those who were kind enough to write
those who know what an ABAC is). Customers Right
to me on the question of the speed of
In vain searched through all the
I In the bad old days the consumer electricity. endeavoured to reply
I
likely manuals and Engineers pocket was sometimes exploited by the personally to everyone, but if I missed
books, without success. crooked retailer. To -day legislation anyone trust they will forgive me.
I
Many years ago I used to work for a has been passed to safeguard the I can think of no better way of rounding
firm which made mains transformers customers interest, and am all in
I
off this discussion than by quoting
and sometimes we would have a favour of this. I do sometimes wonder that famous Limerick:
request for a special, and it would however if it has gone too far the other
fall to my lot to design it. This had me way because, it must be said, not all "There was a young lady named Bright,
worried at first until a colleague of the villains are on my side of the Who travelled much faster than light,
mine showed me that with a couple counter. She set off one day
of AB AC's and a ruler the whole Ithought by way of clarification I In a relative way
job could be done in five minutes. would get legal advice as to a cus- And returned the previous night!"
EE CROSSWORD No
_ _ 9_ BY D.P.NEWTON
ACROSS
1 The channels equilibrium.
4 Frequently recurring.
7 Around 100MHz.
8 Long distance
communicators.
blemish.
DOWN
1 Confuse a loudspeaker?
2 A beginner without
3 It sets electrons in motion.
5 Eight across, reduced to a
1 2 3
Solution on page 822
4 U. 6
taxi. 7 e
9 A cooler.
19
6 The recorder in a test
11 An age. case. (Anag.) 9 10
13 The insulator in the bath. 8 Joins, usually by wire.
16 In the direction of. 10 Without soda. 11 12
17 Lunatic bend?
19 They sample what is going
11 Boxed in.
12 A network breaks a
13 14 15
on and give out pencils. cipher. 16 17
20 A power supply for 14 Emotion from a d.c. coil
Washington? meter. 18
22 Communication from the 15 One who works.
peaks. 18 To solder with subdued ' 20 21
25 Two from the Eastern fire.
bloc. 21 The transporter part of a 22 23 24
26 It makes soldering child's cartridge.
play. 23 A noisy unit in the 25
27 A signally successful
suppressor of enthusiasm.
telephone gives the stereo
a fuller meaning. El
29 A noisy plug? 24 To indicate intentions,
30 Even after smoothing we often by radio. 27 28 29
can be left with this small 28 A squeak from a cheeky
wave. timecheck.
31 A measure of power loss 29 An inoperative
or gain. component. 30 31

From Science of Cambridge: the new MK 14.
Simplest,most advanced,most flexible
microcomputer - in kit form.
5 V regulator
PROM- 512 bytes Power rails and
RAM -256 bytes input/output edge connector
Extra RAM
(optional)
4.43 MHz crystal RAM I/O device
(optional)
8 -digit, 7 -segment
LED display
PROM -
512 bytes
RAM -256 bytes
xtra RAM
(optional)
Display and keyboard CPU

interface circuitry.
MK 14 including
optional RAM 1/0
and Extra RAM.
Edge connector for
external keyboard with
up to 32 keys
The MK14 is a complete microcomputer with a SPECIFICATIONS Designed for fast, easy assembly
keyboard, a display, 8 x 512 -byte pre- Hexadecimal keyboard 8 -digit, 7 -segment The MK 14 can be assembled by anyone with a
programmed PROMs, and a 256 -byte RAM LED display 8 x 512 PROM, containing fine -tip soldering iron and a few hours'spare
programmable through the keyboard. monitor program and interface instructions time, using the illustrated step-by-step
As such the MK 14 can handle dozens of 256 bytes of RANI 4 MHz crystal 5 V instructions provided.
user -written programs through the hexadecimal regulator Single 8 \' power supply Space
keyboard. How to get your MK 14
available for extra 256 -byte RAM and 16 port
Yet in kit form, the MK 14 costs only £39.95 I/O Edge connector access to all data lines Getting your MK14 kit is easy. Just fill in the
(-1-£3.20 VAT, and pScp';. and I/O ports coupon below, and post it to us today, with a
cheque or PO made payable to Science of
More memory-and peripherals! Free Manual Cambridge. And, of course, it comes to you with
Optional extras include: Every MK14 kit includes a Manual which deals a comprehensive guarantee. If for any reason,
I. Extra RAM -256 bytes. with procedures from soldering techniques to you're not completely satisfied with your MK14,
2. 16 -line RAM I/O device allowed for on the interfacing with complex external equipment. return it to us within 14 days for a full cash
PCB; giving further 128 bytes of RAM. It includes 20 sample programs including math refund.
3. Low-cost cassette interface module -which routines (square root, etc), digital alarm clock,
means you can use ordinary tape cassettes/ single-step, music box, mastermind and moon Science of Cambridge Ltd,
recorder for storage of data and programs. landing games, self -replication, general 6 Kings Parade, Cambridge, Cambs., CB2 1SN.
4. Revised monitor, to get the most from the purpose sequencing, etc. Telephone: Cambridge (0223) 311458
cassette interface module. It consists of 2
replacement PROMs, pre-programmed with
sub -routines for the interface, offset I-To: Science of Cambridge Ltd, 6 Kings Parade, Cambridge, Cambs., CB21SN.
calculations and single step, and single - Please send me the following, plus details of other peripherals:
operation data entry. MK 14 Standard Microcomputer Kit ft £43.55 (inc 40p p&p.'
5. PROM programmer and blank PROMs to set
up your own pre-programmed dedicated Extra RAM 3 £3.88 (inc p&p.)
applications. RAM 1/0 device -Li 03.42 (inc p&p.)
All are available now to owners ofMK 14. I enclose cheque/money order/PO for (indicate total amount.
A valuable tool-and a training aid
As a computer, it handles operations of all Name
Science of
types -from complex games to digital alarm Address ,please print.
clock functioning, from basic maths to a pulse
delay chain. Programs are in the Manual,
together with instructions for creating your own
genuinely valuable programs. And, of course,
ifs a superb education and training aid -
providing an ideal introduction to computer
technology. LEE I !
Allow 21 days for delivery.
Cambridge]
DeC-IT and BLOB -IT BLOB -BOARDS
....
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4.- .1 I
,,,,,
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c:4 -:!"...ii. ,., . Ito 411.?/15
.1
'5:P'...
e".
S - DeC No simpler way of learning circuit construction
S - DeC No quicker way of getting circuit working
S - DeC Simply plug components in NO SOLDERING ith.1 . ..
S - DeC All components can be RE -USED

s_ DeC All holes identified by number
S - DeC All contact rails identified by raised line NN ,
S - Dec Complete with project book Blob Board now available in many different layouts and CODE SIZE mm PRICE
51.5
S - DeC For quick circuit try -outs Blob -Board can be used to budd any type of project
S - DeC Test Components before soldering BlobBoard has roller tinned tracks for super soldering
Biob Board has letter numbers on it, no need for layout ZB5D 92 x 61 £0.44
S - DeC Large working area drawings ZB1 IC 114 x 76 £0.66
BlobBoard does not require any cutting or breaking or
S - DeC Test Parts of circuits contact rails ZB2 IC 115 x 78 £0.71
S - DeC Used in many teaching courses Blob -Board components can be re -used and re -soldered
ZB4 IC 127 x 203 £1.90
£3.78 s_ DeC Guaranteed life time contacts
mak Ing circuit project modifications and amendments fast
eBalrb.L° cre1.8%. ,fl P.m

ZB8 IC 254 x 203 £3.69
+ 55p S - DeC LOW PRICE ZB8D 165 x 251 £2.88
All Blob -Board packs contain a project booklet, the "ic"
S - DeC + control panel + step by step instructions 4. 9 range has a 20 project booklet end "D" range has a 9
P&P project booklet -1- Matching Blob -Board project booklet.
All prices include VAT

Please add 35p p & p minimum order £3.00
Available from all good component stockists
NKT 214 TRANSISTORS equivalent to OC 71 a 10p, 6 for 50p. T

SO BC 107 -8 -II TRANSISTORS Assorted Untested @ S7p.
100 BULLARD 0290 CAPACITORS Assorted @ 57p.
ITT CAPACITORS PMT -2R Miniature 1uf 100v.w. @ 20p doz.
ELECTRECT MICROPHONE with FET PRE -AMP @ Cl OS-
IU electronics
McMURDO 8 Pin Plugs @ 20p, Sockets @ 20p. Covers @ 150
400 mW ZENERS Unmarked Good. 3-6v, 6-8v, 10v, 11v, 12v, 13v, 16v, 24v, 30v, 33v,
56 FORTIS GREEN RD., MUSWELL HILL, N10 3HN
36 volt. All at 10 for 40p. TELEPHONE: 01-883 3705
20 PHOTO TRANSISTORS, DARLINGTONS Assorted Untested (a Cl.
S.C.R's 10 Amp 100 PIV @ ISp, 400 Ply © 50p, 800 PIV @ 60p.
SUB -MINIATURE TANTALUM 4. 7uf 10 v.w. @ Sp, 6 for 2.5p.
DISC CERAMICS 01uf 30v.w. @ 20p doz. 1uf 18v.w. @ 30p doz.
MULLARD ELECTROLYTICS 2240uf 40p, 4500uf 25v.w. 40p, 5000uf
OUR LATEST
10v.w. (42 15p, 6400uf 25v.w. a 40p.
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5 WATT NPN DARLINGTON TRANSISTORS 20p, 3 for 50p.
316" COIL FORMERS with core at 6 for 2Sp.
CATALOGUE
PHONO SOCKETS Single @ Sp, Double a 10p, Triple @ 15p, 4 way a 211p.
100 ASSORTED DISC CERAMICS for 57p.
50 AC 120 TRANSISTORS Branded but Untested for S7p.
CONTAINS FREE
ERIE RED blot 100v.w. CAPACITORS @ Sp each.
1544 SILICON DIODES at 25p doz.
30 10XAJ CRYSTALS Assorted 5100 to 7900 KHz for Cl 10. 45 pence WORTH
60 ASSORTED W.W. RESISTORS 1 to 10 Watt @ 57p.
FETS 2N 3819 Type @ 20p, MPF 102 la 33p, J310 @ 20p, 6111 @ 12p, E112 (42 10p,
E113 @ 12p, 0174 el 22P, 40673 Type a S3p.
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1 AMP PNP TRANSISTORS BCX 36 a 12p, BCX 37 @ 10p.
WATT WIRE WOUND POTENTIOMETER 1 5K at 22p.
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200 ASSSRTED WATT RESISTORS for 75p.
10000 40v.w. ELECTROLYTICS 3 for 35p.
BD 187 4 Amp NPN PLASTIC POWER TRANSISTORS@ 25p, 5 for EL
2 POLE 4 WAY MINIATURE ROTARY SWITCHES at 229 each.
VARIABLE CAPACITORS Direct Drive 50 a 75p, 10pf @ 75p. 30pf @ 85P, 500f SUPERSAVERS
ISp,125 + 1250 55P,100 + 200pf 5Sp, 180 + 1E100 a 60p, 200 + 200 + 25 + 25pf
a 55p, 500 + 500pf @ 609, 250pf Solid Dilectric @ 411p. With Slow Motion Drive.
300 + 300pf @ SSp, 500 + 500 + 25 + 25pf @ 55p, 250 + 250 + 20 + 20p + 20pf
@ 750. ALL FULL SPEC DEVICES
LOUDSPEAKERS 11" dia El ohm a 7Sp, 21." dia. 8 ohm @ 75p, 2i" dia. 8 ohm 75P.
MINIATURE Oaf 300v.w. ELECTROLYTICS 10 for 57p.
BOOKS BY G. DOBBS "Practical Test Equipment" @ 7Sp. "Simple Short Wave TEXAS TIMER RED LED
Receivers" @ 60p, "Practical Electronics Projects" @ 75p. The Three Books
for E.160.
MAINS TRANSFORMERS 240 volt Input Type 1.24 volt Tapped at 14 volt 1 Arm/ 741 555 TIL209
@ El 30 (PAP 25p), Type 2. 22-0-22 volt 500mA a £1 60 (PAP 25p), Type 3. 50 volt (INC. CLIP)
10 amp a LS 50 (PAP 95p). Type 4. 20 volt 2 amp Twice, 10 volt 1 amp Twice fig
E4511 (P&P 95p), Type 5. 45 volt 2 amp, 45 volt 500mA a £3 50 (PAP 850).
FERRANTI ZTX 108 TRANSISTORS 7 for 54/p. 5 for 4 for 10 for
lab 25 v.w. MINIATURE ELECTROLYTICS at 6 for 25p.
3 PIN MAINS PLUG AND SOCKET LIKE R.S. European Type with 2 metres of
Cable. 75p pair. £1.00 £1.00 £1.00
Please add 20p for post and packing, unless otherwise stated, on U.K. orders under £2. VAT INCLUSIVE PRICE -- 25p P. & P.
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A4 IC BOOKLET
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RADIO COMPONENT SUPPLIERS £5.00 OR MORE, CONTAINS CIRCUITS, PIN CON-
25 The Strait, Lincoln LN2 1JF Tel. 20767 NECTIONS AND DATA (35p + SAE IF SOLD ALONE)

TUAC
TRANSISTOR UNIVERSAL AMPLIFICATION CO. LTD.
PHONE 01-872 3137/872 9080
MANUFACTURERS OF QUALITY AMPLIFICATION AND LIGHTING
PRICES INCLUDE VAT. P & P FREE
correct at 1.8.78
TO ORDER BY POST
Make cheques/P.O.s payable to TUAC LTD. or quote
Access/Barclaycard No. and post to TUAC LTD. 121
Charimont Road, London SW179A8. We accept phone numbers
CONTROL SYSTEMS from Access/Barclaycard Holders, Phone 01-612 9080.
AMPLIFIER MODULES
NEW FROM TUAC
ULTRA QUALITY HIGH POWER
New D.C. Coupled Design
AMPLIFIERS SPEC. INPUT
Featuring SENSITIVITY 60 mV
Electronic Short Open & Thermal Overload Protection. for full output
Brief Spec. Frequency response
Input Sensitivity 0.775.v. R.M.S. (0.D.B.1 at 25 K Ohms 20 Hz -20 KHz
Frequency Response 20 Hz -20 KHz HUM &NOISE -70d8
Hum & Noise - 100 dB Relative full output
T.H.D.at full power 0.1%
TL30 5" x 5" x 2"
T.D. 500 300W into 2 Ohms
220W into 4 Ohms
35 watt 10 amp outpu, transistors £13.25
140W into 8 Ohms £45.00 TL60 5" x 5" x
£30 00 60 watt R.M.S. continuous sine wave output
Power supply P.S.300 2 R.C.A. 110 watt 15 amp outpour transistors £18.50
C17.75TD
T.D. 150 150W into 4 Ohms
100W into Ohms £28.25 TL100 x 5' x 3'
£18.50 100 watt R.M.S. continuous sine wave output
Power supply P.S.150
T.D. 150. 60 Version 60W into 8 Ohms
2 R.C.A. 150 watt 15 amp output transistors £21.50
40W into 15 Ohms. ,.,,.
TP125 7" x 6}"
£15.50 150 125 watt R.M.S. continuous sine wave output
Power supply P.S.60 6,%6- xi 4 R.C.A. 150 watt 15 amp output transistors £27.50
Note P.S. 300 will drive 2 T.D. 150 amplifiers
All output ratings are R.M.S. continuous sine wave output.
4 CHANNEL SOUND 3 CHANNEL

TO LIGHT LIGHT MODULATOR
SEQUENCE CHASER SILMB
- 4LSMI
Full wave control RCA BA Triacs
RCA BA Triacs 1000W per channel
1000W per channel
Fully supressed and fused STEREO DISCO MIXER Each channel fully suppressed
and fused
Switched master control for sound With touch sensitive switching and auto fade Master control to operate from
operation from 3AN to 125W INPUTS' Four identical stereo inputs evadable with any equalisation Two magnetic and two flat supplied as 1W to 125W
Speed control for fixed rate standard High quality slider control on eacn channel Volume, treble and bass controls for each pair of sliders Full wave control
sequence from 8 per minute Sensitivity meg . 3mV IR I A A comp 1 Flat 5OmV at lkHz Bass controls r 18d8 at 60Hz Treble controls I18d8at
to 50 per second
Full logic integrated circuitry with
15kHz
OUTPUT: Up to 3 volts (- 12d8) available Attenuated output for TUAC Power Modules Rotary master end £20.75
optical isolation for amplifier balance controls Band width 15Hz - 25kHz r dB
protection P.F.L.: Output 250mV into 8 ohms Rotary volume control Monitoring facility for all 4 channels Selection via
touch sensitive illuminated switches Switched visual cue indicator Single Channel Version 1500 Watts
£21.50 Miscallanaou Facilities: Two illuminated deck orvolf switches Mains illuminated on. off switches Auto fade
illuminated on off switch Mains powered with integral screen and back cover Complete with full instructions £9.75
Size 25in Ion * 6in high * In deep
Model 501 500W per channel as
above without sound triggering Mono Disco Mixer with autotade £49.00
£149.00
£14.00
POWER
SUPPLIES
*iv0
1,F
Vacuum varnish impregnated. Transformers ADD SEQUENCE CHASING +
FRONT PANEL FOR LIGHTING with supply board incorporating pre -amp supply.
EFFECT MODULES £30.00
DIMMING EFFECTS FOR
(complete with switches, neons and knobs)
PS250 for supplying 2 TP125s
as illustrated PS200 for supplying to TL100s £30.00 TUAC 3 CHANNEL LIGHT
PS60/60 for supplying 2 TL6Os £30.00
PS125 ± 45 volts for TP125 £18.50 MODULATOR
PS100 + 43 volts for TL100 £17.00
i LCF 13 PS60 ± 38 volts for TL60 £15.50
.7- RUMP PS30 + 25 volts for TL30 £11.75
PSU 2 for supplying disco mixer £7.50
For SlLMB £7.25 4LSM1 £6.00 STOCKISTS - CALLERS ONLY

Size x4. Size 6'7," x 4,/,"
Al Music. 88, Oxford Street. Manchester (Tel 061 236 03401
Geo Mathews. 85/87. Hurst Street. Birmingham ITel 021 622 1941)
Soccodi. 9. The Friars ITel Canterbury 609481
Cookies Disco Centre. 126,128. West Street (Tel Crewe 4739)
Garland Bros. Ltd Deptford Broadway. London 01 692 4412 Speed Control 3 per min. to 10 per sec
Luton Disco Centre. 88. Wellington Street. Luton (Tel Luton 4117331 Full logic integrated circuitry
slims £8.25 Session Music, 163, Mitcham Road, Tooting (Tel 01-672 34131.
Dimmer control to each channel
FUZZ LIGHTS Combined with 3SDM1 Mon Sat 10am to 6pm. Closed Wed.
Red, Green, Blue, Size 9" x 4+" Electra Centre, 5a Lancaster Road, Preston (Tel Preston 53488) 3SDMI £15.25
Amber. £24.50 HAUL 8. EXPORT ENQUIRIES 01 672 3137
SUPPLIERS TO H.M. GOVT. DEPTS. MANUFACTURED AND ASSEMBLED IN GT. BRITAIN FULLY TESTED AND GUARANTEED
SEND NOW FOR OUR FREE 28 PAGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. SEND STAMP PLEASE

MODULC:By George Hylton
Handy "Beginner" projects based on simple circuits

and featuring a variety of building methods.
Pj1C1-1_-13
SC
_1
T'firs circuit (Fig. 1) is a simple RC

2
With the design shown here the The timing capacitor C2, then
oscillator whose frequency can be fact that an input applied to the charges and discharges periodically at
tuned over quite a wide range by vary- "MOD" terminal frequency -modulates a rate which can be varied by adjust-
ing one resistance. It is also capable (or keys on and off), according to its ing VR1. If a good log -law "volume
of being frequency -modulated and amplitude, makes it possible to pro- control" is used for VR1 it should
keyed by an external signal. duce interesting twittering sounds by provide at least a thirtyfold variation
It is not a sinewave oscillator: the modulating an audio version, set to a in frequency. (The frequency is lowest
output is a train of pulses of rather few kilohertz, with a v.l.f. of a few when VR1 is highest. Strictly speak-
variable shape. As such it is most hertz. ing it would therefore be better to call
suitable for use as a means of achiev- For this reason it is a good idea VR1 a period control since it is really
ing audio effects, where frequency is to build two oscillators, one with a the period of oscillation it varies.)
more important than waveform. timing capacitor (C2) of about 10,4F, This circuit is very reliable because
(Pulses are in fact more interesting to cover roughly 1-30Hz and one with it works with almost any npn transis-
to listen to than pure tones.) 33nF (0.033/AF) to cover the audio tors and is insensitive to gain varia-
Any oscillator capable of being range from about 300Hz upwards. tions. D.C. negative feedback via VR1
swept over a wide frequency range You can use both separately or modu- helps to stabilise the operating points
can be made to produce interesting late one with the other. of the transistors.
"spacy" noises. (If played through a
reverberation or echo unit they sound MODULATION
even more interesting.) A very low
frequency pulsation, down to about THE CIRCUIT A small voltage applied to the MOD
one pulse per second, gives "heart- The transistors TR1 and TR2 form a input and E ("earth") changes the
beat" sounds which also have their two -stage amplifier with a direct frequency slightly without altering
uses. If the two are combined by using coupling between the stages. This is the amplitude. A large voltage stops
a v.l.f. oscillator to modulate an audio turned into an oscillator by connect- the oscillation. If the large modu-
oscillator the range of effects is ing the output (at collector of TR2) lating voltage is a square wave the
increased. via a capacitor back to the input (base result is just to key the oscillation on
of TR1), which forms and off, but if it is a sinewave or tri-
a positive feedback angular wave both f.m. and on -off key-
loop. ing are produced. A positive input
COMPONENTS raises the frequency.
Resistors
R1 100k11 R4 1kfl
R2 100k11 R5 1kfl R5 /k12 +9V
R3 1 kfl 10kfl 2mA
R6 RI R3
All 5% tol. I W tookn 1k12
C2(SEE TEXT)
Potentiometers
VR1 100kf1 carbon track, log
-11
VR2 10k0 carbon track, log
TR2
BC108
Capacitors
C1 47µF (or larger) 12V TR1
C2 See text BEIM
VR1
C3 100n F polyester or paper IDOkfl LOG
R6 C3
Semiconductors 52 rokn
CI 100512 R4
TR1, TR2 BC108 npn transistor 50iiF 1 k fl
(2 off) VR2
125 10k12 OUT
LOG (3V PEAK-
MOD IN
Miscellaneous PEAKI
Plastics case (Norman PB1). Two 0E1-)

knobs. Piece hardboard. Brass
panel pins. 6BA nuts, bolts, earth
tags.
Fig. 1. Audio effects oscillator circuit. C2 is chosen to set the
frequency range.

O,
#11111,1216111141
CIRCUIT BOARDS BREADBOARDS MOUNTING CIRCUIT BOARDS CON-

NECTIONS TO BOARDS WIRES and CABLES WIRE and CABLE ACCESSORIES
I.C. and TRANSISTOR HARDWARE MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS SPECIAL TOOLS
Everyday Electronics, November 1978 Supplement

cess. This form of circuit board was
CIRCUIT BOARDS primarily "invented" for large volume
production where all that is required
One thing all electronic assemblies Perforated Board is for the components to be located
have in common is a framework- Perforated board, often called plain and soldered. The use of p.c.b. elimi-
a piece of hardware generally referred matrix board is identical to strip - nates, track cutting and interwiring
to as a circuit board-for holding board with the copper strips removed. as required by the above mentioned
the majority of the electronic devices Components are mounted on either boards.
together. It seems appropriate there- or both sides of the board and inter- This system is found in most com-
fore to begin with the various types connections between the components mercial equipment presently produced
of circuit board available to the con- accomplished by means of the com- and is regularly featured in EVERYDAY
structor. ponent leads and other wiring. ELECTRONICS for ease of construction
More versatile than stripboard, this for the amateur constructor and the
Stripboard board is often used for designing professional appearance of the
Stripboard, as its name implies, prototype p.c.b. (see below) assem- finished assembly.
consists of parallel strips of copper blies and is especially useful for cir-
bonded to a sheet of s.r.b.p. (synthetic cuits operating at high frequencies
resin bonded paper). The board is where the capacitance/Inductance of Plain board
perforated along the strips so as to the copper strip would become signifi- Completely plain, non -perforated
form a regular matrix of holes. cant and interfere with circuit operation. unclad board, Paxolin or s.r.b.p. is
Components are intended to be This is available in both 0.1 Inch rarely used nowadays as a circuit
mounted on the un-coppered side and 0.15 inch matrix pitch. Re -usable. board but at one time, especially
of the board with component leads in the valve era, was in extensive
protruding through the holes and Printed Circuit Board use. This is cheaper than any system
soldered to the copper strips. The Unlike the previous two systems, a so far mentioned and may be of
latter can be linked and/or cut to printed circuit board (p.e.b.) Is dedi- interest to some constructors.
suit the required circuit configuration. cated to a particular circuit configur- Components can be mounted on
Cuts along the strips are carried out ation, and generally cannot be used one or both sides but all holes for
with a drill bit or spot -face cutter for any other. The p.c.b. consists of mounting components, or connecting
(see later). a piece of plain s.r.b.p. or fibreglass terminals need to be drilled by the
The matrix pitch can be either 0.1 with copper bonded to one (or both) constructor. Due to the reduced
inch or 0.15 inch and is available side(s). An interconnection pattern is number of holes to be found in this
in an extensive range of sizes. devised to connect the components type of board compared with matrix
Non standard sizes are easily according to the circuit diagram and types, this has more rigidity which may
cut from a larger sheet by means of this pattern is produced on the be an important factor in some appli-
a small hacksaw. copper laminate by an etching pro - cations.
Perforated Board (e1 Inch and 0.15 Etched and non -etched printed
Stripboard, 0.1 and 0.15 Inch matrix Inch matrix) and Plain Beard circuit board
Everyday Electronics. November 1978 Supplement

A common use for this is where of s.r.b.p. Usually components are the i.c.s. The topside (copper clad) has
rigid insulated panel are mounted across the length of the supply lines bonded for ease of con-
areas of
required for mounting for example, board and connection betweei com- struction and can hold up to twenty
audio sockets to be electrically isolated ponents accomplished by wiring be- 14 pin i.c.s.
from the main chassis for earthing tween tags.
reasons. Available in different thick- Available in miniature and standard Blob -Board
nesses. sizes, and lengths which can easily There are two versions of Blob -
be cut to requirements. Board, one looking very much like
Tag Strip Versions where tags are replaced stripboard except that there are no
by hollow pins can also be obtained. drilled holes. The second type has a
An old form of "circuit board" Cheap and re -usable.
is tag strip. This is still in frequent pattern bonded to one side designed
use in radio and TV sets and has been to accommodate d.i.I. integrated
featured in EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS Verostrip circuits. This also has no holes
on occasions. Designed to be a replacement for drilled. Components are intended to
It consists of a strip of s.r.b.p. group board, Verostrip, however, be mounted on the copper side, leads
fitted at regular intervals with tinned is not often seen. This is seen to be soldered to the copper strips. Allows
tags. The tags are used as multiple an extra wide version of stripboard quick assembly and is re -usable.
connection points. Various versions divided along the middle. Can accom-
exist, large and small tags, short modate large and small components to Wonderboard
and long strips and can be cut to size. produce a neater appearance than It is appropriate that this board is
Some types have some of the tags tag board. Available as 79 strips left to the end of this section as it
extended with feet to allow screw 14 holes (0.1 inch matrix) and 53 could well be included in the next
fixing to chassis, a convenient method strips 8 holes (0.15 inch matrix. section on breadboards.
for connecting multiple earthing Construction on this board elimi-
points. D.I.P. Board nates soldering, connection between
Advantages of tag strip include D.I.P. board is a cross between components being via a conductive
the accessibility of all connection stripboard and p.c.b. being shaped elastomer. There are 186 "plated
points, ease of component replace- copper strips on a 0.1 inch pitch hole through" holes on the board filled
ment and circuit tracing-and most matrix, and is available in a number with this material and component
important-cheapness. Re -usable. leads are pushed into this rubber like
of basically similar versions. It is
designed specifically for mounting material and gripped by it. Compo-
Group Board d.i.I. integrated circuits, particularly nents can be mounted on both sides
Group board, sometimes called tag logic i.c.s. allowing a high density layout. Up
board, could be viewed as a double Two power rails run between the to six component leads can be inserted
row of tag strips on a single piece copper pad format for easy link up to in each pad.

BREAD:
When experimenting with, or de-
signing electronic circuits, it is essen-
tial to have some means for connecting
together components to check out a
theoretical circuit-in other words
a breadboard before proceeding to
a permanent form of construction.
In the past tagstrip, group board and
others have been used but these have
required soldering.
Available at present are a number
of solderless breadboard systems able
to accommodate a wide range of
components including i.c.s.
Connection to the breadboard is
made by pushing the component
leads into a matrix of holes on the
working area. The leads pass down
to the base of the board and make
good contact with nickel -silver or
MOUNTING OF
A major consideration when con-
structing electronic projects is the
mounting within the case or whatever,
of the completed circuit boards.
Many ingenious d.i.y. methods con-
jured up by the constructor have
appeared in these pages in the past
using nuts/bolts, grommets, alumin-
ium angle, plastic book spines, etc.
There seems to be a reluctance
among the majority of constructors/
designers of "amateur" projects to
use any of the hardware available
that has been purposely designed for
this function.
A host of plastic fitments are
presently available that add to the
internal appearance and accessibility
of boards. Many of these accessories
CONNECTIO
The usual form of connection of
an off -board component to the circuit
board is by means of a wire from
the component soldered directly in
the board. The underside of the
board is not in general accessible
requiring that these leads be attached
prior to board mounting. Care then
must be taken to attach a lead of
sufficient length to reach the remote
component. To overcome this "guess
work" and to facilitate easier removal
of remote leads from the system, the
constructor can use Veropins, some-
times called terminal pins, and turret
tags. The former are also available in
a wirewrap version.
Turret tags are for connection on
one side of the board only whereas
the terminal pins can be obtained in
single or double -sided versions and
are made to suit the holes on 0.15 inch
and 0.1 inch matrix boards.
These terminal pins are push fit
Threaded metal and plastic spacers and provide a rigid anchor point;
likewise with turret tags which require

OARDS
phosphor bronze sprung contacts
which are connected in rows. Inter -
wiring is carried out with insulated
solid or tinned stranded wire. Croco-
dile clips are not necessary.
Quite complex circuitry can be
rapidly erected on these boards and
several breadboards can be linked to
provide the right size board to fulfil
your needs. Some systems come com-
plete with built in electronics.
A purpose designed "dynamic"
breadboard system for TTL experi-
menting called the TTL Electronic
Test -Bed appeared in last month's Self -retaining board edge support
issue where full constructional details
for building this were given, which
included a built in power supply,
clock generator, two counter/display
sections and various logic elements.
IRCUIT BOARDS
are of the snap or slide on type thereby
eliminating the need for screws/
bolts etc. An added advantage of
plastic fittings is that they are insu-
lators and thus require no isolating
of fixing points on the board. Also
they are quite cheap.
Among these supports are a couple
of self adhesive ones. These are of
particular importance where for ex-
ample a board needs to be fitted to Self-adhesive guide for horizontal mounting
an external panel, say a front panel,
and it is not wished to have any
unsightly bolt -heads on show.
An interesting fitment featured is
the board guide. Besides holding a
board on a chassis panel, it can be
used to mount one or more boards
on another (mother/daughter board
arrangements).
TO BOARDS
a special tool for insertion and are
effectively riveted to the board. Turret
tags are much heftier than terminal
pins have a slot at one end and a
ridged outer, enabling a choice of
fixings. Self-adhesive guide for vertical e and double sided terminal
The above mentioned terminals are mounting pins and turret tags (with tool)
also very useful for forming compo-
nent anchorage points; a matrix of
terminal pins could form a solder
type breadboard.
Commercial equipment demands
more flexibility than that mentioned
so far and wiring to the board or
Inter -boards is carried out via edge
connectors of various configurations.
Interesting connections are "wire-
less" types for joining two boards,
in -line or perpendicularly.
It is often required to make measure-
ments on a completed system, hook
probes/crocodile clips being used for
connection. Snap -on test sockets
for board mounted "ball" pins are
manufactured for this job.

WIRE, CABLE AND ACCESSORIES Ribbon or "rainbow" cable as it is
often called is a number of different
Wire and remote components the construc- colours of the same wire bonded
It is important to choose the correct tor has a basic choice from insulated together so as to be tape or ribbon-
solid or insulated stranded wire- like in appearance. Can have single
wiring for the job from the multitude
of types available. For link wires on insulated referring to the coloured (solid) or stranded core. Ideal for
circuit boards, use tinned copper plastic sleeving covering the wire. The digital work especially microprocessor
wire. This is bare copper wire with wire(s) is usually tinned. systems. Cables can be 10 or 20 -way
a special coating for easy soldering The solid variety is easiest to route or split at any number as required.
and generally doesn't oxidise. Sold around the system and will normally Rather expensive.
by weight on reels this is available lay where put, but should be avoided
in a vast range of standard wire on items where vibration is experi- Wire and Cable
gauges (s.w.g.). For the majority of enced. Less expensive than stranded Accessories
EE projects, 22 s.w.g., is suitable. If type.
there is any possibility of contact Wire is specified as: number of The life line between an electronic
with other similar wiring or component strands/strand diameter in mm e.g. system usually takes the form of a
leads use sleeving. This is a thin 7/0.2mm. power cable out through a hole in the
tube of plastic material which is case of the system. Whether the
slipped over the wire to provide Cable casing be of metal or plastic some
electrical isolation (insulation). Avail- form of protection must be given to
able in many colours and diameters. Cable is the term used for a two the cable at its point of exit.
Sleeving is also useful for covering or more "wire" conductors e.g. 2 -core In the amateur electronics field
the connection between two other bell cable, 3 -core mains cable. The itis rare to see anything other than
separate insulation wires are con- rubber grommets being employed,
wires (of any construction) or shield- tained in a further insulation sleeve.
ing wire/tag connection at component plain or sleeved. This gives suitable
terminals Mains cable on equipment is always protection against chaffing and cuts
e.g. potentiometers, the flexible (stranded) type; domestic
switches etc. but needs back-up with a cable
Enamelled copper wire is solid
electricity wiring is insulated solid. securing clamp to prevent possible
copper wire with a very thin coating Screened cable or co -axial cable damage by pushing/pulling or twisting
of enamel (usually brown or consists of a single or more insulated of the cable. Rubber has a limited
red) wires (solid or stranded) individually
for insulation purposes. Suitable for life, and in time corrodes.
winding coils, transformers, aerials or group covered by a mesh conductor A better alternative is a plastic
forming a "screen" for the other grommet which, does offer some
etc. Sold by weight on reels in many wire(s). The whole is sleeved. Mainly additional protection in the way
different gauges (s.w.g.). used in audio equipment, especially of cable grip, but still needs a strain
For interwiring between circuit board input signal leads. clamp of some sort.
Aa A selection of wire, cable and sleeving discussed above
A selection of bushes, clamps,

grommets and gland protectors A selection of cable retaining clips
SIX Everyday Electronics, November 1978 Supplement

The complete answer is a nylon Accessories known as glands are Ideal for holding a number of wires
strain -relief bushing which doubles to be used when a weatherproof together and still remain flexible is
as a clamp and grommet, and snap exit from a case/panel is required. spiral wrap, a preformed plastic
fits into panels. These can also be They are compression -fitting devices. spiral which is wound around wiring.
obtained fitted with flexible springs for
excessive flexing of the cable. There
is also a version for turning cables
through 90 degrees especially useful IC AND TRANSISTOR HARDWARE
where space is at a premium.
For feed through holes requiring When fixing integrated circuits to Use was made of these on the TTL
no strain -relief fixing, snap fit bush- circuit boards the constructor must Electronic Test -Bed (EE October 1978)
ings are available which will convert decide whether to use sockets for for interwiring connections.
a sharp edged metal hole to a smooth these devices or connect them Three and four -pin (TO -18, TO -5
insulated hole suitable for cable, or directly to the board, be it a soldered and TO -3 and TO -66) transistor
can even act as low r.p.m. bearings joint or a wire wrap joint. There are sockets exist but the use of the first
for motor shafts. These were also no hard and fast rules for this but it two types in permanent systems is
found for lining the holes for push is wise to always mount expensive debatable, but are ideal for home-
button switches. i.c.s in sockets so as to eliminate the made breadboard systems and, for
For holding loose wires and small possibility of damage by heat from example, in a transistor tester project.
cables in orderly looms the con- the soldering iron. Use of sockets Power transistors require heatsinks
structor has a wide choice of both provides easier maintenance-a sus- which must in general be isolated
free and panel mounted ties and clips. pect device being rapidly removed from the devices. This is accomplished
For a rapid means of securing wires for testing-and avoids the risk of using mica washers and insulating
and cable to flat surfaces, there are disturbance to other components and bushes. To completely isolate TO -3
adhesive clips that can be mounted wiring if de -soldering or unwrapping and TO -66 type transistors exposed
on panels or circuit boards. is required. on a back panel for example, push -on
Panel mounting ratchet operated Sockets for most i.c. pin con- plastic caps may be used.
cable straps primarily intended for figurations can be obtained, 8, 14, 16 To enhance the appearance of a
semi -permanent looming can also and 24 pin d.i.l., TO -99 (8 -pin) and circuit board and afford mechanical
be used for securing large compo- TO -100 (10 pin). protection to transistors and prevent
nents e.g. electrolytic capacitors, to As far as we know, no sockets any possibility of shorting lead -outs,
circuit boards. are made for quad -in -line devices constructors can use transistor pads.
When a large number of cables/ but these can be realised by using These are discs of plastic with holes
wires are in use, easy identification is Soldercon pins. These are produced for the leadout wires which are
achieved with colour and symbol in strips and the required number sandwiched between the board and
coded slip-on markers. cut from this and arranged as desired. transistor.
Plastic wire tie; panel mounts Semiconductor sockets In particular

version available Soldercon pins and plastic holders

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS
Not until one researches the world of "electronic hardware" can
one imagine the vast number of different shapes and designs that have
been engineered to hold together your electronic projects.
Likewise with tools, there seems to be at least one for every con-
ceivable situation with a constant flow of new ones, particularly in the
wire -wrap area.
There are far too many for them all to be mentioned in an article of
this nature and readers are advised to check through advertisers'
catalogues when the need for a special item arises; it is almost certain
to have been required in the past and someone has manufactured it. Panel, a chassis
The photographs below show a selection of miscellaneous items and mounting t holders and Vertical mounting capacitor
clips clips
tit
special tools that will be of interest to the electronic constructor.
Spindle couplers and exten- Plastic coil formers with

sions ferrite slug Interboard connectors Dual -in -line potting box
"Puiwianiamionam.".
Battery wire
Plastic wrapping gun
speaker and Brass and plastic fixing nuts, and hobby
ventilation grilles bolts, washers, soldertag hand -wrap tool
Cable stripper, Q -M x cutter

and wire bending gauge
\\\
Coil trimmer tools
Mini
mains
Bimdrill
Integrated
circuit
MkP
Integrated circuit inserters
inserter/extractor and lead straightener Triple -aperture lightweight crimping tool
EIGHT Everyday Electronics, November 1978 Supplement

CONSTRUCTION
Any standard type of baseboard
can be used for the circuit. The proto-
type was wired up on a hardboard BRASS PANEL PIN
base with brass panel pins as solder
points. (Layout in Fig. 2.) This base
was cut to fit into a small plastics
case, the "Norman" Type FBI, which
is available from some components
stockists. It measures 4.5 X 3 inches X
1.4 inches deep (114 X 76 X 35mm) out-
side.
Another possible housing is a two -
ounce rectangular tobacco tin.
The PB1 case has two pillars in-
side, for the panel fixing screws. The
baseboard, after cutting to size, has
to be notched to fit round these pil-
lars. In the prototype it did not seem
necessary to secure the baseboard
inside the case, but it was insulated
from the panel components by a sheet
of card also cut to size and notched.
The leadouts on the prototype are
6BA bolts through the panel. Connect-
ing points on the inside are provided
by washer -type earth tags. WARN-
ING! Solder these tags QUICKLY or
the plastic of the case will melt! Fig.
2 shows how to drill the panel for
the controls and leadouts.
USING THE OSCILLATOR

Capacitor C2 must be selected to
give the required tuning range. In the
prototype, 33nF (0.033µF) tuned 330Hz
to over 15kHz. Doubling C2 will halve
the frequency, and so on.
On this basis 10,,LF should tune
down to 1Hz, but since an electrolytic +9V
capacitor must then be used, and
since these generally have a wide
tolerance some variation is to be DRILLING DETAILS
expected. The polarity of an electro-
A= 1Ornm DIA.
lytic should be as shown in Fig. 1. 8= 3mm DIA. E SI DE TR2VIEW
UNDTR1R
When VR1 is turned fully anti- SIDE VIEW OF PANEL PINS OF g
clockwise the oscillation stops. This

can be quite useful in practice but if Fig.2. Complete wired -up assembly "opened -out" and showing hard-
desired it can be prevented (and the board base with components mounted and case panel with poten-
h.f. limit of the tuning range defined tiometers and terminals in position.
more precisely) by inserting a fixed
resistance in series with VR1 so that
there is always some resistance in cir-
cuit. A suitable value would be about
one -thirtieth of the nominal value of
VR1, for example, 3.3kfl for VR1 of
100kf1. (Other values of VR1 may be
used but should not be very large or
oscillation may stop at the 1.f. end of MEET US AT .. .
the range.)
Since it is generally more satisfying
to the ear to modulate a high fre-
quency with a low one than vice versa
this suggests an economy where two
oscillators are to be used together.
Breadboard
This is to provide only the v.l.f. oscil-
lator with an output control (VR2).
The audio oscillator can be operated
at fixed output by omitting VR2 and
connecting R6 to the emitter of TR2.
'78
Seymour Hall, Seymour Place,
London W1
November 21-25,1978
Next Month: Microphone Amplifier STAND 02 and Montague Room

boards the total number can be
reduced to only one, with a con-
siderable saving on space.
Wirewrapping technique does
overcome this, but has the failing
of being difficult to modify at a
later stage. To get at a bottom
wire of one tie point involves re-
moving all the wires above it, hop-
ing that the wires are not damaged
in the process, and hoping they all
get wired back where they came
from. With Wonderboard a wire
can be removed from a hole easily
without disturbing any others.
PROTOTYPE WORK
Using Wonderboard is simplicity
in itself, just trim the components
to be a snug fit, cut the leads and
insert into the contact. Nothing
could be easier ... or could it?
We found when using Wonder -
board, that apart from the i.c.s
fitting perfectly, not many other
components would. For instance,
capacitors : when using one popu-
lar range we had to bend and
otherwise mangle the leads to fit
ANEW solderless prototype and sensitive components. Components the rather small spacing of the
production board called can easily be changed. contacts. Much to our dismay one
"Wonderboard" has recently ap- The fact that it is possible to or two capacitors gave up in dis-
peared on the market. This pro- insert several wires into each con- gust after the leads fell off. Not a
duct consists of a plastic board, tact has considerable importance. promising start, nevertheless, we
4mm thick with six rows of 0.1 First, it means that the board can persevered and obtained much
inch spaced holes which are filled be exactly like a corresponding smaller components.
with a conductive elastomer. After printed circuit. That is, each com- An important point to note when
polymerisation the contacts are ponent lead and its interconnec- finally producing your working
elastic like rubber, but due to the tion paths go and come from that model-small components are of
high percentage of silver used, same hole position. a real necessity.
they are highly conductive. This has the advantage of elimi- No other problems were encoun-
Since the contacts are accessible nating errors when producing art- tered when fitting the components,
from both sides of the board, it work for the p.c.b. but the best was yet to come. The
is possible to insert wires from manufacturer's claim that five
above and below. Using tinned cop- COMPARISONS additional wires can now be in-
per wire of around 26 s.w.g., a Conductive Elastomer Circuit serted into the same contact as
maximum of six leads can be in- Boards have many advantages the component lead. This is per-
serted into any one hole. The elas- over other types of prototype fectly true, but a great deal of
tic conductive material forms a boards, such as stripboard, wire - patience is required to effect this.
seal around each wire and the high wrap, etc. All suffer from certain One point to watch when wiring
electrical conductivity of the disadvantages. For example, on on the underside is to remember
material insures a very low con- stripboard where it is required to which wires you have put in, en-
tact resistance, in the order of 10 connect say five wires to a com- suring they go to the right place.
milliohms. ponent lead, it takes a total of six The underside of the board is
Since no soldering is involved holes and relatively long lengths printed, as is the top, with refer-
there is less chance of damage to of copper strip. Using Wonder - ence points making this task much
CONDUCTIVE HOLES COMPONENT WIRE
LEADS CUT IF REQUIRED
Fig. 2. Conductive contacts as used on the Fig. 3. Forming a "bus" on Wonderboard.

Fig. 1. Trimming and bending a lead of a Wonderboard. A total of six wires can be In this way a strip of conductive holes can
component. Note the pointed end. inserted into any one hole. be used similar to that on stripboard.

15-240 Watts!
The HY5 is a mono hybrid amplifier ideally suited for all applications All common input
functions (mag Cartridge, tuner, etc) are catered for internally. The desired function is achieved
HY5 either by a multi -way switch or direct connection to the appropriate pins The internal volume
and tone circuits merely require connecting to external potentiometers (not included). The HY5
is compatible with all I.L.P. power amplifiers and power supplies. To ease construction and
Preamplifier mounting a P.C. connector is supplied with each pre -amplifier.
FEATURES: Complete pre -amplifier in single pack-Multi-function equalization-Low noise
-Low distortion-High overload-Two simply combined for stereo.
APPLICATIONS: Hi-Fi-Mixers-Disco-Guitar and Organ-Public address.
SPECIFICATIONS:
INPUTS. Magnetic Pick-up 3mV; Ceramic Pick-up 30mV; Tuner 100mV; Microphone 10mV:
Auxiliary 3-100mV; input impedance 4-7k0 at 1kHz.
OUTPUTS. Tape 100mV; Main output 500mV R.M.S.
ACTIVE TONE CONTROLS. Treble ± 12dB at 10kHz; Bass ± at 100Hz.
DISTORTION. 0-1% at 1kHz. Signal/Noise Ratio 68dB.
OVERLOAD. 38dB on Magnetic Pick-up. SUPPLY VOLTAGE ± 18-50V
Price £1.27 + 78p VAT P&P free.
The HY30 is an exciting New kit from I.L.P. It features a virtually indestructible I.C.with short
circuit and thermal protection. The kit consists of I.C., heatsink, P.C. board, 4 resistors. 6
HY30 capacitors, mounting kit, together with easy to follow construction and operating Instructions
This amplifier is ideally suited to the beginner in audio who wishes to use the most up-to-date
technology available.
15 Watts FEATURES: Complete Kit-Low Distortion-Short. Open and Thermal Protection-Easy to
Build
into 13c1 APPLICATIONS: Updating audio equipment-Guitar practice amplifier-Test amplifier-
audio oscillator.
SPECIFICATIONS:
OUTPUT POWER 15W R.M.S. into 80: DISTORTION 0-1% at 1-5W.
INPUT SENSITIVITY 500mV. FREQUENCY RESPONSE 10Hr-16Hz-3dB.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE ± 18V.
Pries, Es 27 + 71p VAT P&P free.
The HYSO leads I.L.P.'s total integration approach to power amplifier design. The amplifier
HY50 features an integral heatsink together with the simplicity of 110 external components During the
past three years the amplifier has been refined to the extent that it must be one of the most
reliable and robust High Fidelity modules in the World.
FEATURES, Low Distortion-Integral Heatsink-Only five connections -7 amp output tran-
25 Watts sistors-No external components.
APPLICATIONS: Medium Power Hi-Fi systems-Low power disco-Guitar amplifier.
into 8s/ SPECIFICATIONS: INPUT SENSITIVITY SOOmV.
OUTPUT POWER 25W RMS into 8D LOAD IMPEDANCE 4-160 DISTORTION 0 04% at 25W
at 1kHz.
SIGNAL/NOISE RATIO 75dB FREQUENCY RESPONSE 10Hz-45kHz-3dB.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 25V SIZE 105 50 25mm.
Price L11.111 r- L1 02 VAT P&P free
The HY120 is the baby of I.L.P.'s new high power range. Designed to meat the most exacting
HY 120 requirements including load line and thermal protection this amplifier sets a new standard In
modular design.
FEATURES: Very low distortion-integral heatsink-Load line protection-Thermal protec-
tion-Five connections-No external components.
60 Watts APPLICATIONS: HI-Fi-High quality disco-Public address-Monitor amplifier-Guitar and
organ.
into 8i1 SPECIFICATIONS:
INPUT SENSITIVITY 500mV.
OUTPUT POWER 60W RMS into 80 LOAD IMPEDANCE 4-100 DISTORTION 0 04% et 60W
at 1kHz.
SIGNALINOISE RATIO 90dB FREQUENCY RESPONSE 100Hz-45kHz-3d13 SUPPLY VOLTAGE
+35V.
SIZE 114 50 85mm.
Price L1101 + L1 52 VAT P&P fret.
The HY200 now improved to give an output 01 120 Watts has been designed to stand the most
HY200 rugged conditions such as disco or group while still retaining true Hi-Fi performance.
FEATURES: Thermal shutdown-Very low distortion-Load line protection-Integral heatsink
-No external components.
120 Watts APPLICATIONS: Hi-Fi-Disco-Monitor-Power slave-Industrial-Public Address
SPECIFICATIONS:
into 812 INPUT SENSITIVITY 500mV.
OUTPUT POWER 120W RMS into 80 LOAD IMPEDANCE 4-160 DISTORTIONS 05% at 100W
at 1kHz.
SIGNALiNOISE RATIO 98dB FREQUENCY RESPONSE 10Hz-45kHz-3dB SUPPLY VOLTAGE
t 45V
SIZE 114 50 85mm.
Price L27 et + E2 24 VAT P&P free.
The HY400 is I.L.P.'s "Big Daddy" of the range producing 240W into 40 it has been designed
HY400 for high power disco address applications. If the amplifier is to be used at continuous high
power levels a cooling fan is recommended. The amplifier includes all the qualities of the rest
of the family to lead the market as a true high power hi -fidelity power module.
FEATURES: Thermal shutdown-Very low distortion-Load line protection-No external
240 Watts components.
APPLICATIONS, Public address-Disco-Power slave-Industrial.
into 4-(/ SPECIFICATIONS:
OUTPUT POWER 240W RMS into 40 LOAD IMPEDANCE 4-160 DISTORTION 0 1% at 240W
at 1kHz.
SIGNAL NOISE RATIO 94dB FREQUENCY RESPONSE 10Hz-45kHz-3d13 SUPPLY VOLTAGE
45V.
INPUT SENSITIVITY 500mV SIZE 114 100 85mm.
Price ULM + L3 011 VAT P&P free.
POWER PSU36 suitable for two HY30's £11.44 plus 111p VAT. P/P free.
PSUSO suitable for two HY50's L810 plus L1.02 VAT. PIP free.
SUPPLIES PSU70 suitable for two HY120's L14.58 plus E1.17 VAT. PIP free.
PSU90 suitable for one HY200 E15.111 plus E1.21 VAT. P/P free.
P$U180 E2S-42 + E2-03 VAT.
E11 EO A + Ea 08 VAT.
Free Post & Packing applicable to United Kingdom only.
TWO YEARS' GUARANTEE ON ALL OUR PRODUCTS
Please note, free post + packing applies to U.K. only. Cash with order sales.
Please Supply
I.L.P. ELECTRONICS LTD., Total Purchase Price
I Enclose Cheque Postal Orders j Money Order
Please debit my Access account Barclaycard account PI
CROSSLAND HOUSE, NACKINGTON, Account number
CANTERBURY, KENT, CT4 7AD. Name and Address
Signature
Tel: (0227) 64723
Reg. No. 202141535

easier. Any mistakes at this stage In this respect it could be an For large-scale prototype work,
can be corrected but is not too easy advantage if several boards were and in this we mean proving a
if the wire you want is under used together thus forming a circuit several times over on the
several others. heavier more stable system. Any same board, we doubt if Wonder -
It helps when inserting compo- type of cyanocrylic adhesive can board will stand up to the heavy
nent leads and wires into the con- be used for this purpose. Four usage for very long.
tacts if they have been cut so as Wonderboards cemented together But for constructing the final
to form a point. The accompany- equal the dimensions of a standard circuit, possibly after it has been
ing drawing shows how this is Eurocard. proved on some other breadboard,
done. or "lash-up", Wonderboard does
No other problems were encoun- CONCLUSION live up to its claims mentioned
tered during construction, but the As the old saying goes "the earlier.
take -off wires were a cause of proof of the pudding is in the Summing up then we can say
some bewilderment. With any eating", and there is no doubt that that Wonderboard is another use-
small lightweight circuit board the Wonderboard does work, as our ful addition to the existing range
board can have a nasty habit of project in this issue shows. of circuit assembly systems. It is a
jumping around due to the Wonderboard certainly lives up fairly expensive alternative to
"springiness" of the take -off wires. to its maker's claims as regards stripboard when discrete compo-
In the case of Wonderboard this compactness of components and nents predominate. But fully justi-
eventually caused the wires to fall wiring though this can be a ques- fied when a large number of i.c.s
out, leaving us wondering why the tionable advantage sometimes, as are involved, thus maximising the
circuit did not work, until we we have already suggested. utilisation of the board.
noticed the loose wires. No doubt We did not prove the manufac- One-off price, including VAT and
if the Wonderboard had been fixed turer's claim of 100 insertions and post and packing, £2.80; available
down in the first place this would withdrawals, but the number of from the UK agent of Eaton Asso-
not have happened. It is an impor- times a wire apparently jumped ciates: Charcroft Electronics,
tant point to note if any serious out leaves this claim a little to be Charcroft House, Sturmser (Haver-
circuit proving work is to be done. desired! hill), Suffolk.
C-3 CURTAIN WIRE SCREENING

When short lengths of screened wire are needed,
perhaps in a gauge not to hand, or maybe a common
screen for several thin leads, I have often used a
suitable alternative from the junk box.
ETCH RESIST Curtain wire in short odd lengths can be used cut
I often use printed circuit boards in my projects, to length, connected to the circuit earth, and slipped
but was unhappy about the usual method of etching. over one or more leads. Many bits of curtain wire
I therefore devised my own. My method does not rely were found that had plastic sleeving over the outside,
on the often expensive etch resist pens. Instead take these provide insulation from other parts of the
an old used felt pen and thoroughly clean the inside circuit, if used internally.
and the sponge. When dry, soak the sponge in acetone If the curtain wire screened leads are used outside
(nail varnish remover) until it is saturated. Replace of the project box, they also act as "armour plating",
the sponge and the pen is then ready for use. protecting the leads within from attack of any kind,
To prepare the p.c.b. cover the entire surface with short of a demon eight year -old with bolt cutters!
nail varnish and allow to dry. Then mark out the K. Croft, Broadstairs, Kent.
areas not required and apply the acetone from the
pen. This action will effectively remove the nail Crossword No. 9-Solution
varnish and allow the etchant to remove the
unwanted copper. Finally, rinse the board before
etching. I have found that my method gives profes- .ggs2w c r tYrL./ V
0 3
sional results easily and cheaply. J. G. Duffy,
Co. Derry,
01
F
rAN
122F E
0
A jEjs
A A
N. Ireland 1
El
E
SOLDERING IRON STAND
L
tEM AgEgi
C
Ear
INN
Au/
1E SIA/ D
E
E
-r
A very good but cheap stand can be made from
a scrap of wood about 150 x 50 x 25mm, and a thick
piece of wire, such as from a metal clothes hanger.
VBACo
'4'O
Qom/ -roRs ra le
'5 J
A S C
A spring about 100mm long and 25mm diameter 0 2 lI E 5PEAK1

is wound. One end is pushed into a small hole drilled n G UE 0 2 R I
at one end of the block. gl Ul o kiA G

To finish the stand a piece of felt, useful for clean- gA MK R rai FA ni
ing the bit, is glued at the opposite end. 31 I CI I A
A. Robinson, Stockton-on-Tees, Cleveland. Ai P P ME V gc / 8 gal

Noweven better, even more powerful!
The unique wrist calculator.
Assembling the Science of Cambridge

wrist calculator.
The wrist calculator conies as finished components,
ready for assembly. All you need is two or three hours, and a fine -
tip soldering iron.
If anything goes wrong, we'll replace damaged components
free. We want you to enjoy building the kit, and to end up with a
valuable, useful, powerful calculator.
Contents.
laytioABS case and display window parts.Two-part
stitched strap and spring bar clips. PCB. Special direct -
drive chip (no interface chip required).Display.
Keyboard components. Batteries.
Each of the 34 components
is contained in a plastic box;
and neatly shrink-wrapped,
accompanied by full instructions for
assembling and using the calculator.
A wrist calculator -the ultimate in All components are fully guaranteed.
common-sense portable calculating power.
Goes where you go, ready for action at a flick
of your wrist. KIT
By virtue of its size, a wrist calculator is
different to a pocket calculator. And now this wrist - ONLY
machine has another difference.lt has even more power than
some much larger pocket calculators!
And what's more, because it's alit, supplied to you direct
r.995
from the manufacture; it costs just £9.95 (plus 8% VAT,P&P).
And for that you get a calculator with extra power,and all the The wrist calculator kit Plus VAT,P&P
satisfaction of building it yourself! is available only direct from
Science of Cambridge. If, for any
Put real calculating power up your sleeve. reason, you're not completely satisfied with
The Science of Cambridge wrist calculator gives you the your wrist calculator, return it to us within 10 days
full range of arithmetic functions uses ordinary for a full cash refund. Send the coupon today!
algebraic logic, which means you enter calculations as you would
write them.It has a % key, the convenience functions, VTr, 1/x, x2
and a full 5 -function memory.
And incredibly, it has a clear -last -entry key, pi, brackets,
Science
and -1+ .It even has an automatic linear metric conversion
function!
Very few ordinary calculators have the same functions for
d Cambridge Ltd.
Previously Sinclair Instrument Ltd,
the same sort of money. 6 Kings Parade, Cambridge, Cambs. CB2 1SN.
Now 10 keys can do the work of 32.
All those functions, from just 10 keys? In such a small To: Science of Cambridge Ltd.,6 Kings Parade, Cambridge,
Cambs.CB2 ISN.
calculator? The secret lies in the special four -level keyboard. *Please send me (qty) Science of Cambridge
Each level has a different set of functions. Simpler two-way wrist calculators kits, at £9.95 plus 80p Vat and 25p P&P
switching system allows you to select any keyboard level quickly (total £11) each.
and easily. Each set of functions is carefully grouped, to let you Overseas orders may be subject to postal surcharge .
whisk through calculations with the minimum of switching. *I enclose cheque/PO/money order for £
And the answers come up bright and clear, too. The display
NAME
uses 8 full-size red LED digits.lt has wide-angle magnification,
and is easily visible under any light conditions. ADDRESS
More battery power, too!
With the Science of Cambridge wrist -calculator,
you'll get up to 30 hours use between battery changes (that's a EE I I
*Complete as appropriate (please print,

lot of calculating!).
.1
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Across The Speaker? The exact point of connection between
I am writing to enquire about the Sound the unit and speaker will depend on the
LETTERS
method of connection between the speakers
to Light Unit featured in the September and the amplifier, If the speakers are fitted
issue of EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS.
I have only recently become interested with sockets or screw terminals, merely
inelectronics and thought the project connect the two wires from VR1 on the unit,
would be quite easy, and a practical one to each of the terminals on the rear of
the speaker enclosures.
construction for me to begin with. I
Some speaker enclosures have no sockets/

have managed to follow the construc- terminals so those at the amplifier will need
tional details of the control box but I
to be used. If these are screw terminals
Tone Booster Transistors do not understand how to connect the this is easily carried out as already explained.
Frequently when go to make up your control box to the sound system.
I
In the article the instructions are For plug/socket arrangements the con-
projects cannot find a supplier for the nection can be wired into the plug; this
.. take the audio input from across
I
transistors etc., quoted in the article. is not recommended for phono plugs and
As it is very expensive to order all of the one of the speakers in the system."
I am not sure what this means and I was readers are advised to obtain a phono
catalogues that are advertised, could Y -adapter. The output from the Sound to
you please tell me which one you base wondering if it would be possible to use
the 5 -pin DIN socket in the system. Light Unit would then need to be fitted
your plans on. with a phono plug.
If this is possible could you tell me
My particular problem at the moment
is to buy the transistors for the Tone how it is done and if not could you tell me
Booster, without having to buy the case how to connect "across the speaker".
and plugs, which I already have. Ian Gardner,
S. Pearce, Helsby,
Seaford, Cheshire.
East Sussex Sound -to -Light
I
have just successfully built the excel-
The constructional projects appearing I would like to make an enquiry on the lent Sound -to -Light converter in Septem-
in EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS are not in general Sound to Light Unit which appeared in ber's EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS and have
designed by us, but by individuals like your- the September edition. would like to
I
I
designed a very simple improvement to it.

self who are involved in electronics as a know if it will work from any stereo set? Your author says in his article that com-
hobby or professionally. And if so, where to take the audio output mercial sound -to -light units have fre-
Therefore the designers component source from. quency selective channels, my idea
is unknown to us and could be any from Ian Price, enables several of the E.E. units to be
the advertisers in this magazine, or his local Shoreham, linked together and be frequency selective.
shop (or even his place of employment!) Sussex. In my idea an ordinary two or three
However, we do try our best to eliminate element loudspeaker crossover is used.
obscure types from designs and replace The sound -to -light units are linked to each
them with more well known devices. In answer to the above two letters, the of the crossover's outputs, i.e. one unit to
Having said this, it does not seem to Sound to Light Unit may be used with the "tweeter" output, one to the mid range
have occurred in the Tone Booster project. any stereo amplifier or mono come to that. and one to the woofer output as indicated
A number of advertisers are now listing If it is to be used for stereo set-ups, two in Fig. 1.
kits of parts for many of our projects and units will be required-one for each channel. The system would cost (using the cost
the Tone Booster is one of them. This It is not possible to wire this unit between of my unit as an example) about £7.00.
means that they must have stocks of the the two channels of a stereo amplifier. This is much cheaper than most com-
required devices (or suitable alternatives) Connecting across the speaker means mercial units which cost around £14-00.
and will therefore be able to supply your wiring the unit in parallel with the speaker. Recently have noticed that you have
I
requirements though they are not specifically In Mr. Gardner's letter, he refers to a 5 been printing labels in the magazine as
listed in their current lists/catalogues. pin DIN socket on his amplifier, This type part of the artwork to projects featured in
We have built a couple of these units of connector is usually reserved for inputs the magazine. thought that this was a
I
using a BC108 (ZTX384) and 2N3702/ to the amplifier and signals here will be good idea, so I photo -copied the first page
0C204 (8C415P) which work satisfactorily. inadequate for triggering the light -unit. of the Sound -to -Light unit article and used
The listed transistor types are not critical Speaker outlet terminals are usually the label printed on that page to decorate
and can be replaced by any low power in the form of 2 -pin DIN sockets (1 round my project.
silicon devices of the correct polarity and 1 flat pin), screw terminals, or 4mm Keep up the good projects and ideas,
(i.e. npn, pnp) banana type sockets and, in one particular which I enjoy very much.
case we know of, phono sockets (normally Russell Reid (age 15 years)
used for input connections). Kettering, Northants
Guidance Please
I would like to express my appreciation Fig. 1. Block diagram of Mr. Reid's frequency sensitive Sound -to -Light arrangement.
for the many hours of enjoyment and the
knowledge gained from following the
Teach -In '78 course.
I feel, as many others must, the need for
further guidance in tackling the more
complex circuits. Particularly for help in (
selecting from the bewildering range of CROSSOVER
integrated circuits. An article listing and,
telling of their functioning and use would BASS
be of great help in starting to use them. (Woofer)
An explanation of triacs, fets and projects
to use them in would also be welcome. AUDIO
Many others, like myself must have built INPUT MID
the short wave set as published in the July RANGE
issue, but are unable to gain access to an
outside aerial, due to living in flats, etc.
I'm sure an article regarding an incon-
spicuous indoor aerial for this set would
TREBLE
be of widespread interest. ( Tweeter)
E. Pilkington,
Bradford

The Extra
ordinar
Experi-
ments
of
Profess
Ernes
Evemure
by phony John Bassett
AST month Bob and the Prof. of V9 via resistor R38 and capaci- MYSTERIOUS VOICES
had been discussing an in- tor C18. "Prof. my friend complains
teresting circuit which can be used "In the modified circuit, Fig. 2, sometimes that he and the other
to add a transistor preamplifier to the bias voltage, applied between members of his band occasionally
a valve audio circuit without the the control grid and the cathode hear mysterious sounds and voices
need for an extra power supply of the valve, is still developed from the loud speakers of their
circuit, and without the need for across the same resistor R34, and band amplifiers. One of them ex-
inefficient h:t. dropper resistors. this tends to give the same no - plains that these are known as
They are about to fit this circuit signal current through the valve, `Raudive Voices' but he cannot
to a VOX AC30 amplifier which about 0 -6mA, most of this current really tell me what this means.
belongs to one of Bob's friends. also flows through the collector of
"Here is the circuit of the Nib/ TR1, thus the collector current of
Trem' valve," the Prof. quickly TR1 is defined. The collector vol- Fig. 2. Using the cathode
drew a sketch, Fig. 1, "and by tage of TR1 is influenced by the current of the valve to
HT
+Ve
using just five components we can ratio between R6 and R7, and this power a transistor pre-
can be set to a low voltage, giving amplifier.
add a preamplifier which will give R39
a substantial extra sensitivity to a low -noise input circuit." 10kn C18
the equipment. Your friend will rho

then be able to use his new guitar R38
0 OlpF
without lack of volume. Here is 47k11
the modified circuit incorporating Fig. 1 "Vib/Trem" input
a single low -noise transistor, Fig. 2. circuit.
"The original circuit, Fig. 1, is
a conventional preamplifier with
bias provided by a cathode resis- C18
tor R34. The valve grid is at earth F.C$ 0

0.04JF
R31 68k/1
potential by R33, and because it is
at earth potential there is no need (2) R32 68k.0
for an input blocking capacitor,

during normal use of the ampli- 0 R31 6111k12
fier, and one is not provided. The
inputs from two input sockets are
mixed at the junction of resistors
R31, R32 and fed into the valve
grid. After amplification the ampli-
fied signal is passed on to the next
valve stage from the anode (pin 1)

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214606 1184 2.10 4.74
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7485N 1 34
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LM324 0.70
TAD100 2 20
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CA3018
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CA3020 2.0
0 75 12437874
1.113795
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2.44
4.25
95
LM7815K 1.71
LM7824K 1.75
TBA500 2 24
TBA5000 2-34
TBA510 2.35
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741.3154N1-45 74C174N 11.98
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758520 2.66
TBA5200 2-71 741S158140-115 74095N 1.14 749424 N
75
74LS113014 1.43 740014 6.117 749614
CA3030 1.14382N 142 LM78L115C2 TBA530 2.35 741.3161N 1 AO 7401N 5.17 749514 70
CA,030A 2.21 LM384N 1-N 0-22 TBA 5300 2-45 0.17 1 -IS
CA3338 2 98 151381314 4.88 211585314 4.14 TBA540 2.44 Stocking Distributors Officially Appointed 74L3162N1-45 7402N
7403N 0.17
749714
7410014 1.45
CA3338A 4.16
CA3045 1 U
1.1138774 1.10
04
6,45316 514
148555 OU
TB A5400 2.70
TBA550 3.114
741S163N0-1111
741316471 1 41 740414 017 74107N U
II
CA3046 077
1.2138814
LM389N
1
NI NE556 0-N TBA5500 3 84 NATIONAL VERO 7415168N2-45 740574 0.22 74118N
I is TBA56000
.
2.41
1
0.81 NE558N 7415115924 2.43 740514 I-14 7411914 1 42
CA311411
CA3052 1.78
LM7152C
0-79 NEM 4-N 3.44 TEXAS ANTEX 74LS174N 1.33 7407N 11*U 7412114 28
1.51700 741317211 n 7408N 22 74122N 153
CA3080 a 25
CA3060A 2.14
LM7098
15870014 1.14
0-N NE561
NE562
4.14
4-111
7138570 2-10
TB A 5700 2.20 MULLARD ELECTROLUBE 7415181148.0 740514 22 74123N U
I 49
TBA7000 2.20 74L5189N 3.74 7410N ON 74125N
CA3088 111-14 1.06710 5.57 148585 1131
74LS1 90N 1.60 741114 I a 741410 N
CA306813 117
CA30890 2.110
11171014 54
LM711001072 NE567
14E566 1.75
160
TBA720A0
2.14
SIEMENS SIFAM 7415191141 N 741214 5 14 74148N 1.30
TBA750 2.38 7415192141 IN 7413/4 36 7414514 0 18
C A30500 4. 49
CA3130 1.08
158723C 75
L1472301411 45
NE571N
SAS60
4.111
2.70 78.47500 2.45 SESCOSEM ARROW HART 7415193N 1-N 741411 NI
1-N
74150N 1 22
741519014 1-25 7411N 7415114 0.71
CA3140 1.04 LIAM 5.14 SA570 2.70 TBA800 1.34 74C00740.14 7417N I85 7415314 51
LM301 I -N 1.117410 0.70 587110 2.10 TBA810S 1-32 Makes components buying easy 74CO274 CU 7420N 0.n 7415414 1-N
LM30714 6.0 LA174108 1.34 SO4IP 1.35 TBA820 84 74C04N 0 24 742314 6 22 74155N 0.74
LM30874 4-95 1./74101450 S042P 1-34 7158020 2 99 32
LM309KC 1.95 L111747CN 99 SN76001 NI as TCA160C 2.34 40 74C08N
74C10N
0.14 742514
514 742714
178
74157N
0-32 74160824 III
LM317K 3.35
1.11.1318N 2.41
12412015 2.14
124320112 2.15
1.1174511
1.5174514 OAS
LA1130314 1.15
1.51130414 112
0.50 SN713003N220
TCA270 2.09
5N76013N1-111
TCA730 4.51
51476023N1.1111
sN78013/4215 TCA740 4.14
TC A13052.311
AVAILABLE NOW 74C14N
74C2014
74C3014
1.41 743014
0-24 7432N
4.14 7437N
I n 74161AN 1.10
0 36 74102AN 1.111
035 74163814 1 10
LA4320115 2.15 1041305/4 1.52 TCA750 3.68 74C32N 9.14 743014 0 32 74164N 1.3/
LM320124 2.15 1.31130711 1.22 7AA100 3.70 TCA760 2.49 74C42N I 12 7440N II a 7416514 1 34
LM320P5 1.15 1.58131014 2.14 TAA320A TCA105 1.49 Our new Spring catalogue is now available -contains all 74C48N
74C73N
1.341
1-54 7442N
7441AN 04
0.70
74167N
74174N
2 SG
I IN
LM3201,121 -IS 1.11135114 1.39 1.15 TCA440 1.45 you need and more -packed with over 8,500 items with 0-U 744514 1.42 74175N I Of
LS1453/4 11-45 TAA350A TOA1022 7.19 74C74N
LM3201.151.15 0.54 7440A14 0'N 74176N I
L4.4320P24 I -15 1.11149674 017 3.14 71381024 1.24 lots of new products and Ideas. New enlarged 40 pages 74C76N
74C83N 180 7447AN 82 74177N ON
1/11
1.54393K 4.0 1.51180814 314 TAA521 1.111 TDA1034 4.75 with special offers, discounts and data. Available from 74C85N I 744814 0-N 74180N 1-N
12133914 2-11111 1.51181274 11.20 TAA522 2.1/ TDA2020A0 74C80N 1.61 745014 $ n 74181N 2-M
10434015 IAN 1.11182024 114 TAA550 0-N 4-54 any branch at 45p or 35p to callers. 4.0 7451N I22 741820
LM340115 1111
LA1340124 O -U
1.01102814 1.54 TAA520 2 111UAA170 2.1S
LM 18300 1.1$ TAA570 2 30 UAA180 2 IS
74C89N
74C90N I -U 7453N
11 85 745414
n
932
7418514
I 80
1 SO
LM341P5 0.1111 LM1841N 110 TAA370A TLCSOCP 1.2S 4014 1 N 402813 22 4049 911 4068 4086 4-111 74C9324 022 74185AN I 54
1.21311P122-1111 1.21184514 1.14 5.14 TL08iCP 4.94 CMOS 4015 1414 4029B 1 10 5050B 0.95 10595 408913 2.14 74C95/4 1414 740014
74188814 3 25
122 9 84 40518 I N 40708 1.411 74C10714 112 747014 9-45
LM341P150-1111 1.51184814 1.14 TAA630 2.45 TL082C0 10 4000 4018 11 52 4030 400313
74C150N 4-14 7472N 0.30 741817N 2 IN
LM341P240 I.51185014 1 N TAA960 3 OD TL053CN 1 44 40018 6.32 40178 1-01 40318 2 25 40528 4-86 4071B 4004 2.31
4.21 40188 1-N 403513 1 30 40538 0.14 4072 4095 1-111 74C151N 2-47 747314 0 44 74190N 1.44
LM3411N 0-96 1.111788914 4-N TAA970 4-N 111.064CN 141 4002
7474N 33
1U358N 11.22 1.513111114 0-N TAA81162 10 LF355N I 44 4006 1-U 401913 *52 4037 1 22 4054 1.44 407313 4096 114 74C164N 3.1111 74191N 1.24
74C157N 231 0 84
1.21360N 340 LM330214 I SS TAA1321 2-N LF358N Si 4007 522 40208 1.15 404113
4.10 4021 1 AI 40428 0 U 4056
25 4055 1.55 40758
1 55 40705
4097 4.411
1.14 74C160N I11
7475/1
747614 0.45 74102N 129
LM370N 3-32 L.211401N SS TAA661A LF357N in 40088 4098 Os 74193N 24
LM371H 2.51 LM3000N 0.59 1.0 4009 4.111 402213 1 II 4043 115 4059 114 74CI6IN 1-11 74300 1
LF1320IN 3.01 45108 74C162N I11 748114 1 PI 7410614 24

LM3S0K 5.41 1.1.43905N 1 -IS TAA661131 415 4010 4.511 402313 s -s2 4044 1 20 40608 115 4078 4511 1.70
1
LM373N 232 TAA7110 4.14 LF13.33IN 3-22 40118 0.22 402413 0.711 4045 75 4063 35 408113
1..58390914 78
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"Is this something to do with the cording session. Also a small value does not perform this function at
input circuitry of each amplifier, capacitor. Often about 1000pF may all, as the grid is no longer at zero
and if so is there some way in be used to shunt the high frequen- volts, being at the same potential
which it could be prevented?" cies of the transmission away from as the collector of TR1. Could we
"Ah, yes, Bob; there are some the input. not omit this component?"
researchers who claim that not all "So we have at our disposal a "Yes, Bob, this is a very astute
such sounds and voices can be ex- number of ways in which unwanted observation of yours. But if we did
plained in terms of conventional interference can be combated." leave out this resistor this could
radio transmissions picked up by result in some embarrassing
freak reception on an audio ampli- BRIGHT INPUTS moments for users of the amplifier
fier. Such sounds and voices may especially if a larger input coup-
be a nuisance to the bands and "Prof. I've noticed that the input
valve for the other inputs is a ling capacitor is used, when the
many other users of electronic double triode type ECC83. One of amplifier is switched on, one ter-
audio equipment, but there are the triodes is used for the 'bright' minal of the capacitor becomes
also some people only too keen inputs and the other is used for charged to the base bias voltage
to hear them, tape record them the `normal' inputs, but the two of the input transistor. R33 causes
and investigate them! cathodes are joined together with the other end of the capacitor,
"It is very interesting to notice only a single cathode resistor and which goes through R30 and R32
that electronic techniques can capacitor." to the input sockets, to settle down
cater to the requirements of both By carefully examining the am- to zero volts.
viewpoints, and there are a num- plifier Bob slowly and painstak- "If R33 were omitted the inputs
ber of electronic circuits which would tend to be at some other
have been devised especially for ingly drew out a circuit, Fig. 3.
"The only difference between voltage, and when an instrument
the purpose of listening in to, and was plugged in to the input this
recording, these mysterious com- the 'normal' and the 'bright' in-
would result in a very loud crackle
munications. There are also a puts is in the value of the output
coupling capacitors. The smaller through the amplifier, followed by
number of 'electronic counter- a period when no sound would
measures' which appear to be value 500pF, of the output coupling
capacitor of the "bright" input cir- come through at all! But with R33
effective in most instances, from cuit tends to attenuate low frequen- in circuit this situation is avoided."
those who do not wish to hear mys- cies so that the high frequencies "Now I understand," said Bob,
terious communications! "can I build it?"
"One of these counter measures are emphasised. But if we wanted
to add a transistor to each of these He set to work and soon had the
consists of threading ferrite beads extra components assembled to-
over the signal carrying input input circuits, how would we do it,
Prof.?" gether on a small piece of per-
wires of the equipment, both at forated board, which he fitted
the point of entry just inside the neatly and carefully into the ampli-
equipment cabinet, and also at the DECOUPLING fier to give the input circuit shown
input lead of the first stage ampli- "It would be necessary to use in Fig. 2. After checking it to en-
fying device, which in this case two separate cathode circuits, Bob. sure that he had no mistakes, he
would mean one or two beads on So the cathodes would need to be switched on, and as the valves
the base lead of TR1. separate and each would then be warmed up, Bob found, using a
"The use of ferrite beads is wired to a separate transistor, de - multimeter, that the voltage at the
effective against freak reception coupling -capacitors and resistors collector of TR1 rose to about 4
of short wave radio communica- to give two further circuits similar volts. He plugged in a microphone
tions, especially police, radio taxi to my diagram, Fig. 2. The same to test the amplifier, and found
and other mobile transmitters anode circuits would still be used, that as he cautiously turned up
which may, upon passing by, break so that one set of inputs would the volume, the sensitivity of the
through audibly and spoil a re - still have a 'bright' response and amplifier was now much greater
the other a 'normal' response. I than before, and that the treble
Fig. 3. Circuit for "Normal" and "Bright" know that the owner of this ampli- response had been heightened.
Inputs. fier wanted us to incorporate a "I see that you're not taking
degree of 'treble boost' or extra many chances of reception of mys-
HT
+vs
'brightness' as it is sometimes terious voices and communica-
called and this is why I have speci- tions on this amplifier, Bob." The
fied a relatively small value, Prof. commented as he eyed the
mown 0.01/IF for the input coupling row of ferrite beads which Bob
capacitor to the transistor, Fig. 2. had threaded on the input wires.
If the `right sound' or 'treble "No, Prof." Bob replied. "The
0.047pF boost' is not wanted, a larger new guitar has been specially
68k(1 value capacitor may be tried. I treated with coats of electrically
would suggest about 1,11F electro- conducting paint connected to
lytic with its positive terminal to earth, so that the entire input cir-
the transistor." cuitry is well screened. If any mys-
"What is the function of R33, terious communications succeed in
Prof.? In the original circuit, Fig. penetrating that, I will feel that
1, it was used to bring the control these voice phenomena will really
grid of the valve to zero volts. But be worthy of investigation!"
in the modified circuit, Fig. 2, it To be continued

and better than some professional
installations that I have seen, come to
think of it.
You, of course, can modify or
expand upon the installation to be
described. But please do bear in mind
that an installation, irrespective of its
intended useage, planned from the
outset for the maximum in versatility
and convenience, will give greater and
longer lasting satisfaction than one
planned just for the moments
requirements.
I am a very great believer in fuses,
and so fuses proliferate in all my
circuits; the fact that very few have
blown over the years has not
diminished my belief, for I regard them
as comprehensive insurance policies
against bad times that we all hope will
never come, but just might.
Distribution panel
B
WORKSHOP Harry T. Kitchen
Above my work bench is a distribu-
tion panel comprising the following:
three 13 -amp flat -pin sockets, one
5 -amp and one 15 -amp round -pin
MATTERS
Introduction approval is exceedingly foolish for if
sockets, a miniature 5 -amp two -pin
socket, a bayonet socket into which a
plug is normally fitted to prevent
accidental short circuits; a fuse holder
you have any sort of misfortune that and a master switch complete the
We are, al/ of us, beginners at some involves "the authorities" you will be
time. Experience is gained sometimes installation.
very likely to be prosecuted, and very All the sockets are wired in parallel,
rapidly, sometimes slowly, according to rightly too, for you are hazarding other
aptitude and to opportunity. It can be a and are fed from the fuse holder, this
peoples' lives and property as well as being fitted with a 2 -amp fuse wire.
painless process or, as I can personally your own.
testify, can be exceedingly painful. It is being so light, a normal
the intention in the following series to domestic light switch suffices for the
guide the beginner along gently, to master switch.
Sockets This panel now feeds an assortment
present the tools and techniques of a Before starting on the wiring proper,
modern electronics workshop simply of test equipment. This equipment is of
and without undue complication. The you have to make a decision: are you a semi -permanent nature and so the
simple, approach -is quite going to try servicing work, or are the assorted plugs present no problems.
gentle, fruits of your work shop purely for the
deliberate; I well remember how off-
putting I found the ponderous, ponti- edification of yourself, family, and Edge connectors
fical approach of so many authors; it friends?
If servicing is the aim then you must, To my left, and on the edge of the
may have done their egos some good, for the maximum in versatility and work bench, I have two 13 -amp flat -pin
but my word/ it made heavy going. convenience, provide as wide a variety sockets and one 5 -amp round -pin
Whatever your station in life may be, of sockets as you can think of; the socket, together with a fuse holder.
it is the intention of this column to ubiquitous 13 -amp plug is by no means The 13 -amp sockets are wired in
assist you. It will be a practical column, universal and you will meet inevitably a parallel, and are fed from the fuse
dealing with practical matters. The 5 -amp or 15 -amp round pin plug, a holder. The fuse holder is fitted with a
opinions expressed will be mine, tem- 10 -amp fuse wire, and the sockets are
two -pin plug, and even a bayonet plug
pered by many years experience. As it intended for plugging into lamp intended for use with heavy duty
will be a series I will probably find myself sockets! Yes, even in this day and age. loads like fan heaters and vacuum
struggling for inspiration occasionally. If your servicing ambitions are to cleaners. By deliberately under fusing
If you have suggestions (sensible ones / succeed, time will be of the essence, I have increased my margin of safety.
mean) a note to me via the Editor will and by providing a variety of sockets To my right, and also on the edge of
very likely prove to be of mutual benefit. from the outset you will save the time the work bench, are a further group of
involved in changing plugs. sockets, and these comprise two 13 -
Wiring up the work bench Many years ago I too fancied a spot amp flat -pin, and two 5 -amp round -
So you're lucky enough to have a of servicing, and built my installation pin sockets, together with a fuse
room to yourself, complete with work to suit. Although my ambitions holder. The fuse wire here is of 5 -amp
bench, and you want to wire up the foundered as soon as launched, due rating, and the sockets are intended
bench to provide the maximum of to my friends and neighbours expect- primarily for light to medium duty
versatility and convenience? Well, it's ing free servicing at all times of the loads such as soldering irons, oscil-
all really very simple provided a few day and night-I was once asked to loscopes, and the like.
basic rules are adhered to. look at a TV set at 10pm on Xmas This fuse holder also feeds the 5 -
But first a word of warning. nightl-the installation was retained amp round -pin socket on the left hand
Let me say quite categorically that for the constructional activities that edge of the work bench. Here, also,
every electrical installation should be followed. And since it has served me the value of the fuse wire has been
inspected and approved by the appro- well will be described as being repre- kept deliberately on the low side to
priate authority. To fail to obtain this sentative of good amateur practice, improve the safety margin.

13 01<f AND COMPONENT:1
BOOKS BY BABANI SWITCHES TRANSFORMERS
Description No. Pritc MINIATURE MAINS Primary 240V
Purchase books to the value of ES 00 horn the list below DPDT miniature slide 1973 co 11
and choose any SOp oak from this page FREE. DPDT standard slide 1974 CO 14. No Secondary Prir
Toggle switch SPST
BP2 Handbook of Radio. TV & Industrial & Trans- 11 amp 250V a.c. 1975 £033 2021 6V 0 6V 10OrnA 90p
2022 9V -O 9V 100mA 90p*
mitting Tube A Valve Eouivalents Npt Toggle switch DPDT 2023
1 amp 250V a.c. 1976 £0 42.
12V 0-12V 100mA 959
BP6 Engineers and Machinists Reference Tables Opt Rotary on -off mains switch 1977 CO 50. MINIATURE MAINS Primary 240V
BP7 Radio A Electronic Colour Codes and Oats 15Pf Push switch - Push to make 1978
BPIO
CO 13. with two independent secondary windings
Modern Crystal and Transistor Set Circuits Push switch - Push to break 1979 £0 IS* No.
for beginners Price
3Spf
ROCKER SWITCH 7024 ail1780-0-6V.
T 0-6V R MS f1-50.
BP15 Constructors Manual of Electronic Circuits Colour No. Price '025
A range of rocker RED 1980 £0.30
MT150..0-12V 0-12V RMS t1-50.
for the Home Sept switches SPST - moulded
BP22 79 Electronic Novelty Circuits 75pt in high insulation.
BLACK 1981 LO la 1 AMP MAINS Primary 240,
WHITE 1982 £0 30' No. Secondary Price
BP23 First book of Practical Electronic Projects not Material available in a BLUE 1983
BP24 52 Projects Using 1C741 (or equivalents) choice of colours ideal YELLOW 1984
1E0 3o
Eft 34
.1026 6V 0.6V 1 amp (2.50 P & P 45p
75pT
for small apparatus. .'027 9V -0-9VI amp (2.00* P. & P. 45p
BP26 Radio Antenna Handbook for Long Distance LUMINOUS 1985 LO. 70 .'028 12V -0-12V I amp £2131r P. & P. 55p
Reception and Transmission Sspt Description No. Price
.'029 15V -0-15V 1 amp £2 750 P. & P. 66p
BP27 Giant Chart of Radio Electronic Semiconductor Miniature SPOT toggle, 2 amp .'030 30V -0.30V 1 amp E3415. P. & P. 86p
and Logic Symbols 88PT 250V a.c. 1958 ECI SO.
BP20 Major Solid Stale Audio Hi -Fl Construction MiniatureS PO Ttoggle. 2 amp ST MAINS Primary 240V
Projects 250V a 1959 CO letl
Multi lepontl RPI IIIIIIM n..n.. Imes, available le 1
IIISp7 imp amp and 1 :ono I MIMI, IMMO Ser titulary ta.r., are
BP32 How to Build Your Own Metal & Treasure Miniature DPDT toggle, 2 amp 1
250V a.c. 1960 £0 70. 0 19-25 33 40 bOV

Locators 115PT
8P34 Miniature DPDT toggle, centre
Practical Repair A Renovation of Colour TVs "SW off. 2 amp 250V a.c. 1961 £0 85° .V1.°7,a8.18.1r11.b1y7u.79°.f2.111. 33.40, 25-0-25V.
BP35 Handbook of IC Audio Preamplifier & Power Push button SPOT. 2 amp
Amplifier Construction 9S 250V a.c. 1962 CO 78 No. Rating Price
BP36 50 Circuits Using Germanium. silicon & Push button SPOT 2 amp 2031 4 amp £6 SO* P A P 860
Zener Diodes 250V an 1963 £0.106 2032 I amp £11.60. P 14 P 86p
75pt 2033 2 amp
BP37 50 Projects Using Relays. SCRs and TRIACS. Push button DPDT. 2 amp t1140 P. & P I' I 10
250V a.c. 1964
El lit £0.811°
BP39 50 (FET) Field Effect Transistor Projects CI 25T MIDGET WAFER SWITCHES
BP43 How to Make Walkie Talkies El 25-I Single -bank wafer type - suitable for switching at 250V a.c. AUDIO LEADS
BP44 I.C. 555 Timer Protects CI 45t 100mA or 150V d.c. in non-reactiver loads make -before -break 107 FM Indoor Ribbon Aerial
BP47 110600
Mobile Discotheque Handbook El 35T contacts. These switches have a spindle 0.25in dia. and 30' 113 3.5mm Jack plug to 3 5mm jack plug.
BP129 Universal Gram -motor Speed indicator lipt indexing.
114
SLepngo pthi1N.5prniug CO 75.
BPtGO Coil Design and Construction Manual 79p ,s to 3.5mm Jack connected
BPI 96 AF-RrReactance-Frequency Chart for Description Order No. Prite to pins 355. Length 1 5m CO 85
Constructors ISpt
1 pole 12 way 1965 £048 115 5 pin DIN plug to 3.5rnm. Jack connected
2 pole 6 way '966 00 48 to pins 154. Length 1.5fn 00 85
BP202 Handbook of Integrated Circuits (ICS) 3 pole 4 way '967 [045 116 Car aerial extension. Screened insulated
Equivalents and Substitutes 7591 4 pole 3 way 1968 f0.411. lead. Fitted plug & skt. El 10.
BP205 First Book of Hi-Fi Loudspeaker Enclosures 7SP7 11 7 AC mains connecting lead for cassette
BP213 Electronic Circuits for Model Railways MICRO SWITCHES Order No. Price recorders & redios. 2 metres C0138.
Sept 18 5 pin DIN pliono plug to stereo
BP214 Anglo Enthusiasts Handbook 11Spt headphone lack socket Cl .05.
B P216 Electronic Gadgets and Games 8507 119 2.2 pin DIN plugs to stereo jack socket
B P217 Solid State Power Supply Handbook SSW: Button gives 1 pole change with attenuation network tor r twee
BP2I9 Solid State Novelty Projects Upt over action headphones. Length 0 2w CO90.
Rating 10 amp 250V ac. 1970 £0.26 120 Cer stereo connector. Variable geometry
B P220 Build Your Own Solid State Hi-Fi and plug 1.1,1 most car cassette. 8 track
Audio Accessories SSW - cartridge & combination units. Supplied
BP222 Solid State Shortwave Receivers for with inline fused power lead and instructions. CO 60
Beginners 123 6 6m Coiled Guitar Lead Mono Jack Plug
BP223 50 Projects Using IC CA3 130
115p7
95pt
FUSE HOLDERS to Mono Jack Plug BLACK Cl 50.
BP224 50 CMOS IC Projects
124 3 pin DIN plug to 3 pin DIN plug.
115p- Length 1.5m
BP225 A Practical Introduction to Digital ICs Mat AND FUSES 125 5 pin DIN plug to 5 pin DIN plug.
CO750
BP226 How to Build Advanced Short Wave
Receivers
BPRCC Resistor Colour Code Disc Calculator
El NT
lips
Description
20romx 5mm chassis ,Ountmg
1
s lie chassis mounting
1 tin car inline type
Order No
506
507
508
Price
£0 07*
£012
£015
126
127
Length 1 5m
Length 1.5m
5 pm DIN plug to Tinned open end
5 pin Din piup to 4 Phono Plugs.
All colour coded. Length 1.5m
CO 75.
Panel mounting 20mm 509 CO 20 128 5 pin DIN ping to 5 pin DIN socket.
Panel mounting 1 }in 510 £0 30 Length 1.5m 00 80
129 5 pin DIN plug to 5 pin DIN plug mirror
BOOKS BY NEWNES QUICK BLOW 20anm image. Length 1.5m CI 05.
Type No. Price Type No. Price Type No. Price 130 2 pin DIN plug to 2 pin DIN iniine socket.
No. 229 Beginners Guide to Electronics Price £245' 150mA 611 Sp IA 615 Sp 3A 619 Sp Length 5m £0 68
No. 230 Beginners Guide to Television Price [2.25' 250mA 612 Sp I SA 616 Sp 4A 620 Sp 131 5 pin DIN plug to 3 pin DIN plug. 184
50OrnA 613 Sp 2A B17 Sp SA 621 Sp and 355 Length 1.5m CO 830
No. 231 Beginners Guide to Transistors Price £2 25 SOOmA 614 7p 2 SA 018 Sp 132 2 pin DIN plug to 2 pin DIN socket
No. 233 Beginners Guide to Radio Price £2.75' Sp eel. c' U 7 Length 10m £098
No. 234 Beginners Guide to Colour Television Price C2-25. ANTI -SURGE 20rnm 133 5 pin DIN plug to 2 phono plugs.
Type No. Type No. No. Connected pins 355 Length 1.5e, CO 75.
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625 T2TA 628
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Belt and braces! performed that little act. Belts, braces, Lastly, the wiring itself. Copper wire
and the bit of string. Yes, I use them is very expensive. and so you may be
Large, heavy equipment, of a perma-
nent nature, such as my revered all, for don't want to die so young.
I tempted to use any old wire available.
Marconi TF144G signal generator, and Each group of sockets is served by Don't. Go to a reputable electrical
my equally revered R1155 receiver are its own fuse holder, the fuse wire dealer if you're your own handy man
wired permanently into circuit. being calculated to afford the maxi- and he will advise you accordingly. If
"Ahah I" you will triumphantly de- mum protection to the group. Addi- you are not confident of your own
claim "he has omitted his fuses". tionally, all equipments run from 13 - ability, play safe, and to go a reputable
No, my dear reader, I have done no amp plugs have fuses appropriate to electrician. Whoever does the job,
such thing. Both the TF144G and the that equipment. The fuse holders, don't forget that approval for the
R1155 are fitted with self contained needless to say, must be connected complete installation. It's worth it for
fuses; and you may well guess who into the live side of the mains. the peace of mind it gives.
Heavenly Bodies This kind of radar is very simple

because the transmitter does not need
GEORGE HYLTON Doppler effect is of great importance to be switched on and off in short
to astronomy because by studying the pulses like a traditional radar. It just
brings it light from stars it is possible to find emits steadily all the time on a con-
own
out if they are moving towards the stant frequency. The "target" itself,
earth or away from it. Most heavenly the vehicle in this case, does all that
bodies are in fact moving away, and is necessary for speed measurement,
at high speed. This shifts their colours by changing the frequency of the
towards the longwave end of the transmitted waves.
optical spectrum. Since this is the red The speed trap doesn't measure the
Doppler Effect end these changes are called red range of the vehicle, only its speed,
shifts. but of course that is what the police
A number of electronic instruments Doppler effect is more familiar in
and systems make use of the Doppler are interested in.
the world of sound where it explains It follows that static objects such as
effect. What is it and how is it used? the change in pitch heard by a ped-
Doppler is the name of the scientist houses and trees do not change the
estrian as a car goes by. frequency of the waves they reflect and
who first explained why, when light is As the car approaches, the wave-
emitted by a moving source such as so are invisible to a simple Doppler
length of the sound it makes is reduced radar like the speed trap. This ability
a star moving through space, the and the pitch increased. As it goes
colour changes. The colour of light to see only things that are moving is
away the wavelength increases and the put to good use in radar burglar
depends on its wavelength. In the pitch drops. At 25 miles an hour the
middle of the visible spectrum where alarms.
"departing" sound is about a semitone A low power Doppler radar is placed
the colour is green the wavelength is lower in pitch than the "approaching"
about a two -thousandth part of a in a room. It ignores reflections from
sound. the walls and ceilings but responds to
millimetre. Red light has a slightly
longer wavelength and blue a slightly the movements of the burglar's body
shorter one. when he comes into the room. The
If a source of red light is moving Reflected Waves change in frequency, if expressed as
towards you, the front edge of each The effect occurs also with reflected a percentage of the transmitted fre-
wave has to travel.a little further than waves. quency, is minute, especially if the
the back edge. This is because, while If an aircraft is in the beam of a radar burglar moves very slowly. But by
the first part of each wave is being transmitter on the ground then the working at a frequency of several
emitted, the movement brings the reflected waves are at a longer or thousand megahertz even a minute
light source a little closer. So the back shorter wavelength. If the aircraft is percentage change produces an easily
edge has a shorter distance to go; moving towards the transmitter then detectable effect.
consequently it arrives a little earlier the waves bouncing back off it are
than expected. crowded together; that is the wave- Sound Cameras
The wave then seems shorter than length is shortened (and the frequency Another important use of the Dop-
it should be and the colour is different. increased). pler effect as an indicator of movement
If the light source is moving at great For an aircraft moving away the is in medicine. One way of looking
speed red light may turn green or wavelength is increased and the into the body is with very short
even blue. frequency reduced. By comparing the acoustic waves-ultrasonic waves.
frequency of the reflected waves with It is possible to make instruments
the transmitted waves the crew of the which are in effect "sound cameras";
radar station can see whether the
to
that is they use the reflections from
aircraft is approaching or moving away internal organs of the body to build up
and how quickly. images like X ray pictures, on a TV
screen.
One advantage is that unlike X rays
eart
Speed Traps ultrasound is harmless at the low
The same principle is used by the powers used. But another is that it
police in radar speed traps. If the can detect movements such as the
radar is placed by the side of a straight beating of the heart.
stretch of road and made to look The beating of the heart of an un-
along the road at the approaching or born baoy can also be detected and it
departing traffic the speed of a vehicle is a great comfort to the mother -to -be
shows up as a change in the reflected to be allowed to listen to her baby and
frequency. to know that it is alive and well.

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GUITAR TONE BOOSTER. Sept. AUTOMATIC PHASE BOX. Dec. 77. MULTIMETER TYPE 2. 20,000 o.p.v.
78. £9 45 inc. p.c.b. & case. with case and probes 5" 3j" 11"
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£4.13 inc. case and p.c.b. ohm 85n. 80 ohm £1 15.
VHF RADIO. Nov. 77. £11 06 inc. case. £12 45.
SOUND TO LIGHT. Sept. 78. £5 77 ANTEX X25 SOLDERING IRON 25W. EARPIECES. Crystal 38p. Magnetic 15p.
inc. case. ULTRASONIC REMOTE CONTROL. Ideal for electronics £3 95. STETHOSCOPE ATTACHMENT fits
FILTER. £1 25. Nov.; Dec. 77. £1322 inc. cases. SOLDERING IRON STAND. ANTEX our earpieces 58p.
CAR BATTERY STATE INDICATOR. TRANSISTOR TESTER. Oct. 77.
ST3 £1 55 HEADPHONES. MONO. 2K Padded
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£6 34 case extra £3-35. HEAT SINK TWEEZERS. I3p. HEADPHONES. STEREO. 8 ohm.
SLAVE FLASH. Aug. 78. £2 86 in... case £385.
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case extra £2 32. Less handle 6 coil SIGNAL INJECTOR. ES 98. INTERCOM. 2 STATION. £5'95.
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LOGIC PROBE. July 78. £2'29 inc. case. ELECTRONIC DICE. March 77. E4.09 inc. TRIPLE MAGNIFIER. £1.15. F.M. TUNER MODULE -feeds any
QUAGMIRE. July 78. £7 31 less case case. BUZZER. 6V 74p. 12V 770. amplifier with scale 6 pointer £8 35.
pins etc. SOIL MOISTURE INDIC 'TOR. June
IN SITU TRANSISTOR TESTER. June 77. E2 89 inc. case and probe.
DOING IT DIGITALLY
78. £4 45 inc. case.
VISUAL CONTINUITY CHECKER. PHONE/DOORBELL REPEATER. July
June 78. E2 943 Inc. case 6 probes. 77. £4 92 inc. case.
TELE BELL. June 78. £1014 case extra SHORT WAVE RECEIVER. Aug. 77. New Series -complete kit or separate parts IN STOCK NOW for FAST DELIVERY
E2 59. £10 88 case extra L1'25.
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Send for the Heathkit Catalogue now Please tick the literature you want and enclose the appropriate ,1111iiiiiit in
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ELECTROF111511 KIII*IIIIS!*KITS!
You must try our fabulous new range of
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EXCEPTIONAL QUALITY" COMPONENTS. Battery powered (not
(AUDIO magazine)
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ELEKITS will give hours of enjoyment -
learning as you build. A small selection
ACE MAILTRONIX ITO from the 'ELEK IT' range is shown below.
Dept. EE, betel Street
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THIS IS A POWERFUL
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The same kit is also 150 other different !mom d
actual working projects e.g.: ALL KIT PRICES INCLUDE V.A.T
COMPONENTS
Computer & Logic Circuits, Radio Receiver, Transmitter, The ACE 2nd edition illustrated catalogue shows a considerably
Electronic Organ, Timer, Light Amplifier, Audio Generator, enlarged range of components, modules, 'Elekits'. Many PRICE
Control, Agility Tester, Lie
Detector, Siren, Horn, Buzzer,
Signal Tracer & Injector, REDUCTIONS from edition one. Component range includes -
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Etc. Etc., Etc. LED's RED 15p 2N3702/3/4/5 11p
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The above Is just a selection of the circuits available- 8 -pin IC SKT 15p 0A90/91 7p
you can also design your own circuits with these superb AC126 20p IN4148 4p
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No previous experience of electronics is required but BC107/8/9 13p WO4 25p
you learn as you construct and have a great deal of fun BC177/8/9 19p Zener BZY88 12p
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Kits are complete with very extensive construction BC212/3/4L lip 555 35p
manuals PLUS Hamlyn's "All -Colour" 160 page book BC547/8/9 13p 4001 20p
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TIS43 35p W/C switches 54p
150 PROJECT KIT £39.75 60 PROJECT KIT £25.75 ZTX107/8/9 14p 0.25 CF Res. .6p per 3
120 PROJECT KIT £33.75 30 PROJECT KIT £18.95 2N2926G 13p
2N3055 54p
00 PROJECT KIT £29.25 15 PROJECT KIT £16.75
MODULES
Prices include educational manuals, free book, VAT, Ready built.
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LOOK! Here's how you
master electronics.
....the practical way. This new style course will enable anyone to
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You learn the practical way in easy steps
mastering all the essentials of your hobby or to
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employed electronics engineer
All the training can be carried out in the
comfort of your own home and at your own
pace. A tutor is available to whom you can
write, at any time, for advice or help during
your work. A Certificate is given at the end of
every course.
1 Build an
oscilloscope.
2 Read, draw and 3 Carry out over
understand 40 experiments
As the first stage of your training, you
actually build your own Cathode ray circuit diagrams. on basic circuits.
oscilloscope' This is no toy, but a test In a short time you will be able to We show you how to conduct
instrument that you will need not only read and draw circuit diagrams, under- experiments on a wide variety of different
for the course's practical experiments, but stand the very fundamentals of television, circuits and turn the information gained
also later if you decide to develop your radio, computors and countless other into a working knowledge of testing,
knowledge and enter the profession. It electronic devices and their servicing servicing and maintaining all types of
remains your property and represents a procedures. electronic equipment, radio, t.v etc.
very large saving over buying a similar
piece of essential equipment.
All students enrolling in our courses receive

a free circuit board originating from a
computer and containing many different
components that can be used in experiments
and provide an excellent example of current
electronic practice.
EMI MIS VIM M= MEI II= INN =MI III

To find out more about how to learn electronics in a new, exciting and absorbing way, just clip the
coupon for a free colour brochure and full details of enrolment.
British National Radio & Electronic School
P.O. Box 156, Jersey, Channel Islands.
NAME
ADDRESS FE1311 78
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=It MIMI NMI NM NMI ME !Mil Mlle IMO NM MIMI =III MO OM MN
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NEWI
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THE NEW 1978-9 PC ETCHING KIT MK III
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ES 25 A general purpose meter covering all usual
CATALOGUE ranges of A.C. and D.C. volts current and
BUY A COMPLETE resistance measurements
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PRICE 30p + 15p POST
* SAVE ON TIME -No delays in OSCILLOSCOPE
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K001 50V ceramic plate capacitors, 5%. 10
I Name I
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PROJECTS K002 Extended range. 22pF to 0 1oF. 330
I I
values E4.00
K103 Polyester capacitors, 10 each of these
values: 0.01. 0.015, 0 022, 0-033,
0 068, 0.1, 0.15, 0 22, 033, 0.47oF. 110
altogether for ES 75
0 047,
L _____ _ _ EE0ii
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K004 Mylar capacitors, min 100y type. 10

COMBINATION LOCK each all values from 1000pF to 10,000pF.
All components inc. DIL reed relay (not Total 130 for E3-75
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WATER LEVEL ALERT
All components inc. earpiece.
studding, cable and 2 boxes 115
vero.
75
160V. Total 370 for E12 30
KOOS Tantalum bead capacitors. 10 each of
the following: 0 1, 0 15, 0 22, 0.33, 0 47,
DENCO
30mm. E3.IS (without boxes E2 75)
HOT LINE GAME

0.68, 1, 2 2, 3 3. 4 7, 6 8, all 35V; 10/25
15/16 22/16 33/10 47/6
tents for E14 .20
100/3. Total
K007 Electrolytic capacitors 25V working
170
(CLACTON)
All electronic pails Inc
wood. etc £2 2S
vero, but not small physical size. 10 each of these pop-
ular values: t, 2-2, 4 7, 10, 22, 47, 100uF.
Total 70 for E3.541
KOOS Extended range, as above, also
LIMITED
AUDIO EFFECTS including 220. 470 and 1000uF. Total 100 for Dept. E.E.
OSCILLATOR E5-90
All parts Inc. knobs and case for E2 25 K021 Miniature carbon film 5% resistors.
CR25 or similar. 10 of each value from 10R 357-8-9 OLD ROAD
TELE-TEL METER to 1M, E12 series. Total 610 resistors, Ea N
K022 Extended range, total 850 resistors CLACTON -ON -SEA
All resistors, caps, semis, switches.
transformer, fuse and holder, matrix board.
from IR to 10M E0 30
K041 Zener diodes. 400mW 5% BZY813,
ESSEX C015 3RH
OIL sockets, knob, wire, cable (not box) etc. 10 of each value from 2-7V to 36V.
E12 E24 series. Total 280 for E15.30
AIR -FRESHENER KIT
K042 As above but 5 of each value El 70 Our components are
See our half -page ad. elsewhere in this TRANSFORMERS chosen by technical
issue for details. All mains primary. 12-0-12V SOmA 85p:
100mA 9So; IA E2 50. 6-0-6V 100mA
authors and con-
NOTE: A more detailed list of parts Hp; 1 iA E2 40. 9-0-9V 75mA ;Sp; IA structors throughout
supplied in these and other kits is available £210. Multitapped type 0-12-15-20-24-
on receipt of a SAE. 30V. IA El IS; 2A ES 35: 3A E6 111): 20V the world for their
2, A E3 N; 25V 11A E2 25; 12V 8A EC
Kits of last month's protects still available. 24V 5A E7 54; 0-22-34-41V 4A E? 54: performance and re-
300rnA twice 1E2 50. 12V 250mA
20V
twice E2 00
./
liability, every coil
RELAYS
being inspected twice
plus a final test and
DOING IT" W347 Low profile PC mntg 10 33 20mm
6V coil. SPCO 3A contacts. 113p
W132 Sub. min type, 10 19 10mm 12V near spot-on alignment.
coil DPCO 2A contacts £1 15 General Catalogue showing full
"DIGITALLY W701 6V SPCO IA contacts 20 30. 25mm
Only 56p
Will 11 pin plug in relay, rated 24V ac,
product range 36p. Overseas Cus-
This new series which started last month
but works well on 6V DC. Contacts 3 pole tomers 70p, Air -Mail Post Paid.
c/o rated 10A, 115p
is bound to be a big success. We supply a Well 12V 1250R DPCO 1A contacts.
complete set of parts (as we did for last Size 29. 22x 18mm. min plug-in type 72p
years' Teach -in series) for just E111 / 75 + WI131150V ac (24V DC) coil. 11 pin plug in U.K. & OVERSEAS MANU-
£1 post for the Electronic Test Bed. and
E2 75 for additional parts required for
type. 3 pole c/0 10A contacts. Only 65p
Will Open construction mains relay. FACTURERS/STOCKISTS
first 6 parts. 3 sets 10A cio contacts. E1.20
Send SAE for our relay list -84 types listed
ENQUIRIES WELCOME
and illustrated.
The GREEN WELD HEAT SINK OFFER Australian Readers Please Note -
Amplifier Kit Copper TO5 sink 17rnm die 20mm. 10 for Our Complete Range of Coils are
Ideal for the beginner to rnake, this kit is 40P; 100 for E3; 1000 for E25
complete right down to the last screw!!
Easily constructed on the PCB provided,
available from Watkin Wynne Pty.
the 4 transistor circuit will give 2W output POLYTHENE SHEET
18" 2009. Hundreds of uses
Ltd., 32, Falcon Street, CROWS
from a crystal cartridge. Battery version Size 36
1E1-70 or with transformer for mains around the home. 100 sheets for E1 SO. NEST, 2065, AUSTRALIA. P.O.
operation £3.14 Box of 1500 for El 9
Box 392.

ELECTRONITE Buying Guide
Section 4
If you have bought before from Electrovalue, you know just how large and varied our stocks are and how good
our service is. For those who have yet to know us, we are publishing a series of five ads, month by month to
give up-to-date information and prices on much of the stacks we carry. These ads are appearing in rotation
in Everyday Electronics, Elektor, Practical Wireless and Practical Electronics so that the complete series
will appear each month. So no matter which iournals you read. BY DETACHING AND SAVING THESE
PAGES YOU NILL ACQUIRE A VALUABLE AND COMPREHENSIVE MONEY SWING CATALOGUE.
Resistors (Prices in pence)

Pots. Knobs AM screw fitting
ALUMINIUM (plastic inner)
CARBON TRACK, ROTARY. EV18A 18mm 51Ip
Type 1+ 10+ 100+ Long spindle. without flat 0 25 EV22A 22rnm 64p
CR25 10 to 30 9 5% E 1 2 0 375 B 5 bush, nut and washer EV32A 32mm 73p
33W 3p 2p 1 76N P20 hit 1 -gang 23p EV38A 38mm 73p
UPMO33 0407 to 1M 5% E.24 P20 log 1 -gang 23p BULOIN
33W 2p 16 1 43N P20 lin +switch 67p 1(107 pointer 32mm black or
CR25 1M2 to 10M 10% E12 P20 log +switch 67 white 22p
33W 3p 2p 1 76N JP20 lin 2 -gang 67p K108 ()Pinter 57rnm black only
MR25 501 to 300K 296 £21 JP20 log 2 -gang P.20 35p Typo IV
67p
4W 5p 4p 3.60N JP20 lin +switch 1.11 .(Modern
UPM01513 0407 to 4M7 5% El 2 JP20 log +switch 1.11 K491.Mo nrange
9rnm 46p
5W 2p 1 6 1 43N DP20 2 -gang E1.17 K492 37mrn 46p
CR37 .10 to 309 5% El 2 (separate spindles/ K493 32mm 46p
5W 3p 2p 1 87N DP20 +switch E1.67 1(382 dial 270 0-10 22p
UPM075 11407 to 10M 5% E24 Resistance values stocked 1(389 dial 300 0-10 22p
75W 2p 1.6 1 43N SI PAM COLLET KNOBS
UPM100 0407 to 4M7 5% El2 P20 lin 1000 to 4M7 Caps must be ordered separately
1W 5p 4p 327N P20 log 220() to 2M2 1 5mm diameter
UPM100 41I5M6 to 10M 10% E 12 JP20 hit 1K 4K7 to 2M2 515500: short 27p Type KiCK
1W 5p 4p 3 27N JP20 log 4K7 to 2M2 26p
TRS 100 to 1M 2% E24 DP20 made to order in any values avail- VV1508B winged 32p
5W 5p 4p 3 20N 22mm diameter
able in P20 State front (near bush) and
TW1 0 22(1 to 0 470 t 0 050 EI2 rear tracks clearly 5210B short 35p
1W 15p 13p 11 8N 1( 2108 36p
TW1 0 560 to 3R9 10% El2 MINIATURE PRE-SETS VV210B winged 39p
1W 15p 13p 118N Type PRIO, horizontal or vertical. All Caps 15mmc
OW53 0470. 10 to 100 10% E 1.2 valves 1000 to 4M7. each OP
3p
3W new supplied with con-
OWS3
18p
120 to 10K 5%E12
14p 11 ON CARSON TRACK SLIDER
(58mm travel)
necting tugs to mount 5sprit
withline
1 Sp
3W 18p 14p 11 ON alright in to PCB's C152w 5p
For knobs see Pi slider Caps 21 mm
OWS7 10 to 'CO 1096 E t2 PG58 mono 3Sp C210 3p
K1
7W 18p 14p 11 ON C1PG58 mono 63p C21 I with line Sp
OWS7 120 to 10K 5%E12 C I PG58ST stereo 61.03 C212 w spot Sp
7W 18p 14p 11 ON Resistance values stocked Nutcovers 15mm only
Net prices apply for complete 1005 only Bulk N15OB 5p
prices available. PG58 lin 41(7 to 1M N151B with line 10p
E I 2 values 1 0. 1 2. 1 5. 1 8. 2 2, 2 7, 3 3, 3 9. PG58 log 41(7 to 1M Dials 15mm 17p
4 7. 5.6. 6 8. 8 2 Cl PG58 lin 4k7 to 1M P4.58 Dials 21mm 15p
E24 values as EI2 plus 1 1, 3. 1 6. 2 0. 2 4. 1 CI PG58 log 41(7 to 1M Types available
3.0. 3 6. 4 3, 5 6.2, 7 5. 9 1. and their
1 C1PG58ST in 4K7 to 1M D151,13211 0-11
decodes. C1PG58ST log 41(7 to 1M D152, D212. 1.12
0158,D258 wedge KS
NEW - ERG DUAL IN -LINE Log stereo matching It 2dB @ 10%R D159 D259 white arrow
3d8 @ 3 2%R Caps in black. red. yellow,
SWITCHES 4dI3@ 1% green! blue and grey
One -pole change -over SDC 1 42p All other items black only
Two -pole change -over SDC 2 71Ip
Three -pole change -over SDC 3 E1.05 NEW -JOYSTICK TWIN JV SERIES
004112-pola 108.2 4211 0,61111-pols 505.6 El.. Plastic cylindrical - black. red
Oa -0141W 000.4 766 ONO 6 -pal. 505.6 E1.32
POT. UNIT yellow, green, blue. light or dark
Pan pot assembly comprising two grey. white
(Above types colour coded) carbon track pots mounted at right angles JV18 18mrn 27p
Multi -type one -pole 8 way Type 0518A-8 Ittp on rigid plastic box and operated indi- JV23 23mm 27p MK
Multi -type two -pole 4 -way Type 0516A2-4 vidually by Joystick control. 100K or The following pair are designed
For faller range of switches, see section 5 n our
current ads.
220K ow section
£2.25 for DP20 pots, and have 4mm
and 6mm bores
JVI8/4 40p
JV23 /6T 40p
We are appointed National BOXES

ALUMINIUM
JV Slider knobs for Radiohm
mono and stereo pots In eight
colours as above
AB7 133 60p
Distributors for AB8
AB9
101
101
70
101
70
38
38
38
60p
60p
JVS + colour
SLACK PLASTIC
Bp
K3
K1 25mm S 13p
NASCOM 1
ABIO 133 101 38 62p CK I 25mm SM 189
AB11 101 64 51 60p K2 35mm S 15p
AB12 76 51 25 50p CK2 35mm SM 20p
AB13 152 101 51 77p K3 27mm P 12p
AB14/2 127 89 64 74p K4 32mm P 12p
OIECAST K5 19mm 20p
MICROCOMPUTER KITS 992
993
89
114
a 35 x 30
64 a 30
1.24
1.32
K6 25mm
SK6 41mrn SK
25p
36p
IM Pam Gillet
998 114 64 a 55 1.62 K719rnin B/W 20p
097.50
We give delivery from stock (Net Price)
+ VAT
994
999
974
114
171
,7r
a
a
89 a 55
121 x 55
21 n 106
2.10
3.07
4.02
K8 25mm S
NK 36mm SK
PK 36mm
20p
37p
37p
PLASTIC 116 77 x 36 44p S skirted
Discounts for quantity buyers P81 122 a 67 a 43 M metal insert
Retell buyers Invited
PB801 P pointer
MOTOROLA MIcroorocessor Evaluation Kit E175.17 (N) + VAT (1.8.301 is "double U" type and has vent and various ,Sk skirt. 0-10
holes) B/W black or white KS
GOODS SENT POST FREE C W 0 ORDERS IN UK All communications to D t

OVER E5 LIST VALUE If under. add 27p for
V A T - Add 8% to value of order For items
handling charges
marked a add 121/2%
No discount allowable On items marked Net or N
ATTRACTIVE DISCOUNTS ON CASH WITH ORDER
(C W.0.1 ORDERS - 5% where list value is over
E10. 10% where list value is over E25 TEAR OUT AND TAKE GOOD CARE OF THIS PAGE
LOOK OUT FOR THE FOLLOWING ADS. AND
ELECTRIWAT-.UE LTD
TOP QUALITY MERCHANDISE-- ALL BRAND COLLECT THEM TOO 28. ST. JUDES ROAD. ENGLEFIELD GREEN.
NEW AND GUARANTEED
ACCESS or BARCLAYCARD ORDERS - lust phone
OUR COMPUTER SERVICE TAKES GOOD CARE OF EGHAM.SURREY TW2O OHB
YOUR ORDER NO MATTER HOW LARGE OR
or write your number SMALL Telephone Egham 3603 Telex 264475
Everyday Electronics, November 1978 Northern Branch 680.BURNAGE LANE.
BURNAGE MANCHESTER M19 1NA(0611432 4945
7lb ASSORTED COMPONENTS £3.60. 372 lb
£1.95. Small Audio Amplifiers. 3 Transistors For Sale
equivalent to AC128, OC72, with circuit, 3
SMALL ADS for £1. 300 small components, Transistors,
Diodes £1-50. Wire ended Neon's 7p, 20 for
£1. No postage. List 15p refundable. Insur-
EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS: Nov. 71 to date
including unfinished Delta Guitar. Sell or
exchange. Offers SAE. 10 Blakemore Road,
ance add 15p. J.W.B. RADIO, 2 Barnfield Streatham, London SW16 1NH.
The prepaid rate for classified advertise- Crescent, Sale, Cheshire M33 1NL.
ments is 18 pence per word (minimum 12
words), box number 6Cip extra. Semi -display E.E. VOLUMES 5, 6, 7, incl. binder, offers
setting £440 per single column centimetre. with SAE. 5 Deedes Avenue, Shrewsbury,
FULL SPEC COMPONENTS. Brand new no Salop.
All cheques, postal orders, etc., to be made surplus. 9p for list. TERO, 109 Clitheroe
payable to Everyday Electronics and crossed Road, Sabden, Blackburn, Lancs, ADVANCE TEST EQUIPMENT. Alpha II
"Lloyds Bank Ltd." Treasury notes should Digital Multimeter £60. VM77E AC Volt-
always be sent registered post. Advertise- meter £80. Nearly new. Hornchurch 49695.
ments, together with remittance, should be
sent to the Classified Advertisement Miscellaneous NEW BACK ISSUES of "EVERYDAY
Manager, Everyday Electronics, Room 2337, ELECTRONICS". Available 60p each Post
IPC Magazines Limited, King's Reach Tower, Free, open PO/Cheque returned if not in
Stamford St., London, SE1 9LS. (Telephone DISCOUNT BOXES, INSTRUMENT stock, BELL'S TELEVISION SERVICES 190
01-261 5918). CASES, COMPONENTS Kings Road, Harrogate, Yorkshire, Tel:
Boxes from Up (0423) 55885.
LM741c 8 pin dil I.C.s
Discounts up to 20% ELECTRONIC KITS -SAE for new cata-
Receivers and Components Send stamdec sell addressed envelope for pamphlet to logue, and clearance list of obsolete kits.
HARRISON BROS., P.O. Box 53, Milton Road, AMTRON UK, 7 Hughenden Road, Hast-
Westc1111-on-Sea, Essex, SSO 7L0 ings, Sussex.
NO LICENCE EXAMS NEEDED
To operate this miniature, solid-state
Transmitter -Receiver Kit. Only 0.75 STYLI -illustrated equivalents (List 28) Books and Publications
plus 25p P&P.
'Brain-Freeze'em with a MINI also cartridges, leads, etc. Superb quality
STROBE Kit, pocket -sized 'lightning and service at lowest prices. Fully guaran- MYSTIFIED ABOUT MICROS? Read Home
Hashes', vari-speed, for discos and teed, free for SAE from: FELSTEAD Computer Revolution, by Ted Nelson, to
parties. A mere £4.10 plus 20p P&P. ELECTRONICS (EE), Longley Lane, Gat - see what is happening plus gain "Com-
Experiment with a psychedelic ley, Cheadle, Cheshire SK8 4EE. puter -ease" From your local Computer
DREAM LAB, or pick up faint Store or send £3.45 to COMPUTER BOOK-
speech/sounds with the BIG EAR SHOP, Temple House (E), 43-48 New Street,
sound -catcher; ready-made multi- Birmingham.
function modules. £5.00 each plus
20p P&P. RESISTORS }W 5% 2R2 -2M2 (E12).
LOTS MORE! Send 20p for lists.
Prices include VAT. (Mail order 10 each or more of each value Wp,100.100 assorted, ou
U.K. only). mixture 7Sp.100. COO cassettes in library cues Np each.
BOFFIN PROJECTS miniature relays 17 x 30 x 28rnin 000 0 coil 4 sets change WHY NOT START YOUR
4 CUNL1FFE ROAD, STONELEIGH over contacts Np each, OWN BUSINESS REWINDING
EWELL, SURREY. (E.E.) Prices Include V.A.T. Add 10; postage.
ELECTRIC MOTORS
SALOP ELECTRONICS. 23 Wyle Cop, Shrewsbury.
A genuine opportunity to success. LARGE PROFITS.
You can't help but make money If you follow the easy,
ELECTRONICS. Build forty step by step, instructions In our fully illustrated Manual
DISCOVER showing how to rewind Electric Motors, Armatures and
easy projects including: Metal Detector; TUNBRIDGE WELLS COMPONENTS, Field coils es used In Vacuum Cleaners, Electric Drills
Wireless Transmitter; Breathalyser; Radios; and Power Tools. NO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE IS
BALLARD'S, 108 Camden Road, Tunbridge REQUIRED, as the Manual covers In 13 Chapters, where
Stethoscope; Lie Detector; Touch time - Wells, Phone 31803. No lists, enquiries S.A.E. to obtain all the work you need, materials required, all
switches; Burglar Alarms, etc. Circuits, instructions rewind charts and how to take data, etc.
A goldmine of information. How to set up your home
plans all for £1.29 including FREE circuit workshop and how to cost each Job to your customer.
board. Mall only. RIDLEY PHOTO/ELEC- 44 -PI plus Np P. & P. U.K. CWO to:
TRONICS, Box 62, 111 Rockspark Road, ENAMELLED COPPER WIRE
Uckfield, Sussex. sws I lb Box 4 or 2 or INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIES
14-11 1.40 1.20 41 .50
102 Parrswood Road, Withington,
20-21 1.45 I .60 .51 .50
Manchester 20, Dept. EE
30-34 1.60 1.70 'S .64
FURAMA ELECTRONICS 35-40 1.115 I .P0 I.04 .75
32/34 Scot Lane, Doncaster, Yorkshire, Inclusive of p&p and VAT. SAE brings Catalogue
of copper and resistance wires in all coverings.
DN1 1ES. Tel: Doncaster (0302) 65234 THE SCIENTIFIC WIRE COMPANY SIMPLIFIED TV REPAIRS. Full repair
NOTE -ALL RICES INCLUDE V.A.T. PO Sox 30. London E4 /SW instructions Individual British sets f4.50,
TERMS-C.W.O. CHEQUES and P.O. PAYABLE Reg. Office: 22 Coningsby Gardens request free circuit diagram. Stamp brings
FURAMA ELECTRONICS. P&P 250. Callers Welcome
RAND NEW IL FULL SPEC DEVICES ONLY details unique TV publications. Ausee, 76
OPTO ELECTRONICS Church Street, Larkhall, Lanarkshire.
LLD., 5mm COMPUTER HOBBIST, components lowest
RED 10 4.1 MI CLEAR 10 E1 Si
YELLOW 10 E1 N PACK OF 10 40 E.5'N prices. Write for free price list, stating
GREEN 10 E1 N
SUPERIOR QUALITY AMERICAN MADE 15mm
OF EACH COLOUR
4 your specific interests. PACS, 12 Alma Educational
DIGIT 7 SEG L.E.D. CLOCK DISPLAY Road, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Ireland.
COMMON:CATHODE 44 Si COURSES -RADIO AMATEURS EXAMINA-
ELECTRONIC KITS TION. City and Guilds. Pass this important
0-35 volt. 3 amp, variable power supply, SIC protected.
P.C.B. and all parts except transformer LE.S11
examination and obtain your G8 Licence,
with an RRC home study course. For details
0-45 volt, 3 5 amp variable power supply. S.C.R. SIC
protected. P.C.B. and all parts except transformer ETN Service Sheets of this, and other courses (GCE, professional
32 L.E.D. V,U. display (stereo). examinations etc), write or phone:- THE
P.C.B. and all parts except power supply 12-18 volt. SERVICE SHEETS for Radio, Television, RAPID RESULTS COLLEGE, Dept. JR1
500ma D.C.
FLUORESCENT INVERTER will run 4w -40w tube H,'F
El, 50
Tape Recorders, Stereo, etc. With free Tuition House, London SW19 4DS. Tel: 01-
very efficient E2 SO fault-finding guide, from 50p and s.a.e. 947 7272 (Careers Advisory Service) or
MOTOROLA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS - Catalogue 25p and s.a.e. Hamilton Radio. phone for a prospectus only ring 01-946 1102
1 amp 47 Bohemia Road, St. Leonards, Sussex.
MC 7805 rip MC 7815 *Sp (24hr recording service).
MC 7804 Up MC 7818 Np
MC 7808 9Sp MC 7824 93p
MC 7812 Vip
BELL'S TELEVISION SERVICE for service
sheets of Radio, TV etc. 75p plus SAE. Wanted
Colour TV Service Manuals on request.
MICRO -SWITCHES SAE with enquiries to STS, 190 King's WANTED, one copy of "Everyday Elec-
ex equipment tOp each Croc. Clips 12p each Road. Harrogate, N. Yorkshire. Tel: 0423 tronics" dated February 1978. Please phone:
Rubber Feet 10p per doz 1 meg min. Pre-sets 55885. 01-856 1310/01-304 2646.
BC 1074-0 lip each lip each
Diodes (unmarked) Banana sockets 15p each
Sip per doz
B9A Valve holders
Pkt. 25 mixed resistors
10P per pkt 14p each Record Accessories
Potentiometers Resistors 820 ohm fw Tapes
10k lin Kip each 1Op per doz STYLI for Hi-Fi, Music Centres. Ill list
Plus large stocks of electronic components.
Prices include VAT. Add 20p for p & D. C60 CASSETTE TAPES in library cases 32p free for SAE. Also cartridges, leads, acces-
DU RRRRR RADIO (COMPONENTS) 9 St. Mar?. each. POST PAID. Send your order to: sories details. Felstead Electronics (EE),
Street. hone: SHRRWSBURY 11239 A. W. & J. M. West, 56 Frankwell Drive, Longley Lane, Gatley, Cheadle, Ches. SK8
S.A.E.FOR CATALOGUE 4EE.
Coventry CV2 2FB.
838
Everyday Electronics, November 1978
SC MINIATURES COMPONENT PANS AMPLIFIER MODULES
TRANSFORMERS Ref mA
238
212
13
200
Volts
3-0-3
1A, 1A 0-0, 0-6
100 9-0-9
1 99
2.81
2.14
PIP
0.55 85 High Quality Metal Oxide
078 2 v 5%) + 1 W resistors.
03$ 150 Mixed Value Capacitors.
25W
35w
(0kL60))
(AM)
L3 71
24 57
L7.11
ALL EX -STOCK -SAME DAY DESPATCH. VAT 8% 235 330, 330 0-9. 0-9 1 99 038 10 Reed Switches.
125W (AL250)
Power Supply PS12
L17.21
207 500, 500 0-0-9-, 0-8-2 2 Se 0.71 41.18
Power Supply SPN180 44.21
12 OR 24 VOLT OR 114-12V 36 VOLT RANGE 208 1 A, I A 0-8-9. 0-8-9 3.53 0.78 50 Wire Wound Resistors
PRIMARY 220-240 VOLTS Pri 220/240 Sec 0-12-15-20-24-30V Volt- 236 200. 200 0-13 0-15 1.911 0.38 mixed.
Pre -amp PA12 If 70
214 300, 300 0-20, 0-20 PA100 113.13
Amps ages available 3, 4, 5. 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15. 2 16 0.78 25 Assorted presets.
Rol 12V 24V PIP 221 700 (DC) 20-12-0-12-20 3 41 0.78 30 3 tag terminal strips. VAT 121% P & P 35o.
18, 20, 24, 30V or 12V -0-12V 615V -0-15V.
111 0'5 0 25 2 26 0.40 Ref Amps
206 1A, 1 A 0-15-20-0-15-20 4.63 0.96 A1151 PLASTIC BOXES inset
213 1.0 05 1.64
L PIP 203 500, 500 0-15-27-0-15-27 0.90 Hardware pack nuts, bolts, 66666 nuts. slots to take P.C.
0 78 112 0S 284 0.78
3.111
71 3 51 0 78 10 204 1A, IA 0-15-27-0-15-27 539 0.96 washers, insulators cards Flush fitting lid.
"
2 79
II
1
357 0 94 PSI 180mm x 62 x 40 Hp
4 2 4.63 0 96 20 239 50 12-0-12 1.99 0.38 200 Mixed Resistors
70
108
6
5
3
4
535
$N
0.96
1.14
20
21
3
30
4.0
Ill
127
744
096
114
114
S112500 12-15-20-24-30 2.64 0.78 795 ea. P&P 40p. VAT 1.41A PS2 100mm x 70 x 40
pi53 im.f. .. 100 y 45
PIP 210 VAT 8%
53p
75p
72 10 5 7117 1.14 51 5.0 8 37 1.32
12 wily Grelco heavy black plastic terminal block ND P & P 151.
115 12 6 8.99 1.32 117 60 9.92 148 Fuse holder 11" completely enclosed 25p P P 15p. Magnetic to CeramIcCartrldg
17 16 5 16 39 132 58 80 11.73 104 Convertor operating Voltages
115 20 10 13 18 2.06 89 10 0 13 33
2x Fuss boards - 2 with open 1) fuse holders 2)" x 3" No P 1 P 151. 20-4513.M. VAT 12131, P$p 35g.
187 1 54
30 15 1745 2.06
226 60 30 2.12 OA 66 VOLT RANGE MINI-MULTIMITER
14 VOLT
Pri 220/240V Sec 0-24-30-40-48-60V DC -1000V AC -1000V DC-10OrnA Res -150k0 DOING IT TRANSFORMERS
Voltages available 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 10000/V Bargain L0.14. VAT 8% P & P 621. DIGITALLY
Pri 220/240v Sec 0-20-25-33-40-50V Volt-
ages available 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, IS, 17, 20,
24, 30, 38, 40, 45, 60 or 24V -0-24V, HAM ohm/V MultImNier, mirror scale, SPECIAL OFFER
30V -0-30V. Ranges AC/DC to 1000V DC current to 250mA
33, 40 or 20V -0-20V I 25V -0-25V. Ref Amps L P&P Resistance to 3 111ohms. TTL ELECTRONIC 5E1 Prim 0-120,
0-120V or
Ref Amps L PIP 124 05 3.85 0.96 5"x 31" 19". L14 36. VAT 8%. P & P 11'15 TEST-BED
(120
240V) Sec 24V 10A
102 05 3.41 0.78 1.0
457 0.96
125
127 20
5 58 0 96 TIST METERS £2250 incl. VAT & LBS. PIP LI 66
1.0103
7 56 1.14 PW Scope 250-0-
104 2.0 I-98 1.14 3.0 1654 U4315 Budget Meter 20K0/V DC 2K/V AC
105 3.0 8.45 1 32
125
4.0
1.32 1000V AC/DC 2 5A AC/DC 5000 res, In robust P/PKG. 250V, 6 3V, 12.9-
40
123 12.23 184 steel case and lends 115 85. 0-12 9V.
104
107 6.0
16 70
14 62
1.50 40
120
5.0
60
1351 164 AVO8 LSO 79 TT IN circuit transistor ADDITIONAL LI So P 6 P 90p.
(44 15 la 184 COMPONENTS
1
118 80 17 OS 2 06 8.0 AV071 432-M tester 433 75 3E3 100V line to

121 2115 OA AV073 L44 28 DAII5 digital
119 10'0 11.70 OA 100 L106.10 4(2 7,10W 42.05
122
199 120
24 03
27 13
OA
OA
EM272 IL52 79 Meow 15M7 Bat. L44.11 0.00 (plus 30p P PKG P6 PSep
MAINS ISOLATING (SCREENED) MM5 227 Si Wee Nigger £19-N if ordered separately S14 0-120V 2
AUTO FORMERS P & P 11 .15 VAT 8% (I 20Vor240) Screen
Rol
PRIM 120/240 SEC 1201240 CT
VA (Wolfs) Ref VA (Welts) L PIP Full range of AVO's Megger's and Cases. from Test -Bed). sec 9 - 9V IA
L P /P -
*07 20 4N 079 113 15 0-115-210-240 2.41 0 71 NEW RANGE TRANSFORMERS DIMS SOLDERLESS 41 98 P / P 350.
140 60 526 0 96 64 75 0-115-210-240 251 ON Primary 0-120, 0-100-120 (120V or 220-240V SREAD-SOARDING SE5 15W matching
150 100 7.13 1.14 4 ISO 0-115-200-220-240 1.33 0 96 secondary 0-35-48 twice) 3A 414 70 4A /1677 S Dec 70 contacts trans. sec 150
[1.111
151 200 11.46 1.50 57 500 0-115-200-220-240 15 94 1.84 54 1211 14 P+P 3A L1 48 4A 41 84 54 42.111. T Dec 20$ contacts L4-11 suit EL89 1110.
152 250 12 79 54 1000 0-115-200-220-240 18 75 2 08 ISOLATOR -1 KVA 240V to 240V encloaN U Dec "A" for LC., etc P 1 P 300.
1 54
93 1500 0-115-200-220-240 43.16
153 350 16 25 1.84 23 36 OA Special offer 1 11170. Carriage 42 71. U Dec "S" for I.C.c etc 01.211 5E5 PH 0 220V sec
154 500 16 11 215 95 2000 0-115-200-220-240 34 82 OA VAT 5% PIP 400 4500V COMA ECM
155 750 28 08 OA 73 3000 0-115-200-220-240 48 N OA ELECTRONIC CONSTRUCTION KIT
10 projects (including electronic organ). NO ANTIS( SOLDERING IRONS P6 P LA 00
166 1000 37i6 OA 80s 40000-10-115.200-220-24067 50 OA
soldering needed LT 21. VAT 8% P & P 70p. 13W L3.75 5E7 0-110-120-220V
157 1500 49-N OA 57s 50000-10-115-200-220-24077 CI OA 25W L3 95
158 2000 PANEL MITERS Stand L1411 Pri. 240V, Sec. 20V
$4 88 OA CASED AUTO Atli VAT 8% P & P 450 1A. L1 SO, 30p PIP
159 3000 79.94 OA FORMERS 2" 0-501.4A 45 Ire 4" 0-30µA
'State Volts required 115V or 240V. 240V cable in 115V USAP fact pin outlRefet 0-500/1A ES 56 0-500µA ACTS BRIDGE RECITIFIERS Ref 30 240-240
VA P 0-1rnA L5 54 0-1mA MN 50V 25A 121118 Isolator 200VA
15 4 IN 0 96 113W 0-50V L5 NI 0-50y OTIS 200V 2A LO41 L4.20 P 6 P 96p.
HIGH VOLTAGE ISOLATOR 150 141 14 0-1004A 1.5. SI 0-100/AA 400V 4A Al SI Ref. 62
Prim 200/220V or 400.'440V
1
OTTO 240-240
200 952 145 65W VU Ind. Panel 48 x 45rnrn 250/xa FSD 400V 6A 11.118 Isolator 250VA
Sec 110/120V CT or 200/240CT 250 11 49 1211111
Ye Ref L PIP 1 45 59W VU Ind. Edge 54 i< 14mm 250us FSD L2 N 500V 10A 42115. 4520 P 6 P 962
50 243 5 94
500 15.73 154 67W 65p Carriage 8% VAT. VAT '71" 'In P A P V AT ge,
1.32 750 18.55 1.76 83W
350
1000
2000
247
250
252
1411
4176
58 63
1.84
OA
OA
1000
1500
2000
22 NI
2652
37 55
OA
OA
OA
84W
93W Prices correct 17-8-78. Please add Barrie Electronics Ltd.
95W VAT after Pl P. 3, THE MINORIES, LONDON EC3N 1BJ
Our wide range of transformers are too numerous to list, please call (open lam-Spm Mon -Fri) or send your requirements. TELEPHONE: 01-488 3316/7/8
Electrosli and semiconductor stockists. Audio accessories.
NEAREST TUBE STATIONS AL DGA TE 6 LIVERPOOL ST
GREENWELD Electronic Air Freshener Kit

This novel kit contains everything you need to make one of the most
advanced air fresheners of its kind. Styled to take its place in any room
in your home and do its job quietly and unobtrusively
ONLY £7.95 + 5,
uP POSTAGE
& PPCI(11:
The automatic timing circuit switch. -:s on a fan for a few seconds at replar
intervals to send an odour neutralising fragrance into every corner of your room.
The kit includes components for EITHER a 4 or 15 minute timing circuit,

miniature D.C. motor and moulded parts in high impact styrene to provide an
easily maintained, elegant appearance.
As featured in this issue

Send To Please send (I/O air freshener kit(s)
GREENWELD ELECTRONICS with 4/15 minute timer at £8.50 (inc. p. & p.)
443, MILLBROOK ROAD KIT INCLUDES A SUITABLE GEL FRESHENER FREE
SOUTHAMPTON I enclose a cheque/P.O. for £ payable
SO1 OHX to Greenweld Electronics. NAME
ADDRESS

The kits & bits show for the
home electronics enthusiast
SeymourHall SeymourPlace LondonW1
21-25 November 1978

Seventy stands packed with the gear that the home electronics Watch the Demonstrations in adjoining halls - electronic projects
constructor needs. From kits for keen youngsters just starting brought to life by the experts - and a chance for you to try for
- to components for the dedicated enthusiast intent on building yourself the latest ideas from manufacturers and journals.
his own computer, it can all be seen and bought on the spot in Competitions - Win a microprocessor kit - a frequency counter -
the Seymour Hall this November. Browse through the range of a 'starter' kit for the kids - and many other daily prizes throughout
instrumentation, test gear, components and circuit boards. Kits the show.
for making everything from an electric grandfather clock to an
electronic organ. Build your own microprocessor, construct your Open 10 a.m. - 7 p.m. daily.
own television games and choose hi-fi audio modules for the Entrance £1.00 adults, 70p students.
ultimate in sound!
Organised by Trident Conferences and Exhibitions Limited, Abbey
Mead House, 23a Plymouth Road, Tavistock, Devon. PL19 BAU.
Tel: 0822 4671 Telex: 45412 TR ITAV.
TrnIstors OF 198 17 Diodes 7409 17 BARGAIN PANS

ACY 20 34 BF 200 N AA 111 S 7413
AST 66 96 BF 257 N °BY 127 19 7420 Is NEW
MARKED
BC 107
BC 108
BC 147 A
'BC 148
151 258/9
BF 324
°BF 330
BF 337
24 IN 914
U IN 4001/2
N 1N4004/5
N IN 4000/7
4 7425
4 7427
7430
1
0 7440
2s
17
11
15
PAK 1
100 Gen. purpose
Transistors Inclu-
For your Guidance
EIC 149,C BFR 80 its 1111 44 4 7445 N ding 130149,
BC 158
'BC 171A
BC 2040
1
1
BM' 50
BSX 19120
01 108
1 10940
11 111$ 941
IN
4 7472
4 7473
7474
N
57 tO
2143703. etc.
N PAK I
Translate,' In-
15
Value Added Tax
BC 2070 1 *SU 205 IN 7470 N cluding, 80115.
BC 349 °SU 201 155 Linear I.C.'s 74410 4$ 00131, etc. 15 PI
IC 351
70
1
1 13U NIA
MJE 340
170 741 OP
43 NM OP
IIICY
so 7483
74112 90 PAK 3
75 100 Mixed WiW
Unless otherwise shown, all prices in
advertisements are inclusive of VAT.
1
8CY 71 I MJE 520 43 7488 N Resistors Inclu-
BCY 72 I OC 201 TO
7515Regulators
7490 ding, 2 SW, SW,
80 115 43 TIP 31A N 80
7491 IOVV, etc. U 16
BD 131 33 TIP 421, N 7493 N PAK 4
80
BO 139
135 14
33
ZTX 1112/1
ZTX 302
11
11
7115
7495
7498
N 100 off 74 serles
$7 with preformed Where prices are exclusive, readers should
BD 8951,
BD 1314.4
115 ZTX 502
LI IN 930
11 TTL
11 7400
74100
15 74107
N pins Including,
7410, 7430, etc. 14 ensure that they have added the correct
13F it5 II 114 3053 N 7401 15 74121 ts °PAK II
100 Gen. purpose amount of VAT before ordering.
BF 185 14 IN 3055 NI 7404 14 74123 48
BF 194 II 1114 3703 I 7405 14 74151 44 Diodes Including,
15F 195 S 2N 3705 I 7408 17 741N IN 1N914. 1344. cell
IIF 197 11
COUNTS AVAILABLE
Q U ANTITY DI PSLEASE
Export orders are not subject to the addition
MIN. ORDER 1200, p 1 p 30p. VAT, ADO 1% EXCEPT THOSE MARKED
WHICH ARE 12 5%. S.A.E. FOR LISTS. EXPORT, WHOLESALE AND INDUSTRIAL of Value Added Tax.
ENQUIRIES WELCOME.
K A A DISTRIBUTORS
55 SARKBY ROAD, SYSTON, LEICESTER, Lff7 1A11. Tel. 0533 401391
David George Sales ... 770 Magenta Electronics .. 833

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Denco (Clacton) Ltd. ... 836 Maplin Coy IV
Dewtron Elect. Ltd. ... 774 Marshall A. ... ... 828
Ace Mailtronix ... 834
Alcon Instruments ... ... 775 Doram 769, Cov Ill P.B. Electronics ... 816
Amtron . 776 E.D.A. ... 827 Radio & TV Components ... 824
Antex Cov II Electroni-Kit ... 834
S. & R. Brewster ... ... 770
Electrovalue ... 837
Science of Cambridge 815, 823
Barrie Electronics ... 839 Greenwald ... 836, 839 Selray Book Co. ... ... 827
B.I,E,T. ... 772 Silicon Chip ... 769
Bi-Pak ... 831 Heath -Kit ... ... 833
Stirling Sound ... 776
Birkett J. .. ... 816 Home Radio... ... 774
Swanley Electronics ... 772
B,N.R,E.S.
Bull ).
774, 835, 836
... 773
I.L.P. Elect. Ltd.
lntertext (ICS) .
... 821
769 Tamtronlk
Trident Conference & Exhibitions 840
772
K. & A. Distributors ... 840 Tuac .. 817

Chromasonics
Continental Specialties
... 816
776, 777 Letrokit Ltd.
Lutterworth Press ...
... 775
770
Videotone
Watford Electronics
827
771
Crescent Radio ... ... 775
Published approximately the third Friday of each month by IPC Magazines Ltd., Fleetway House, Farringdon St., London ECt 4AD. Printed in England by Index Printers Ltd.. Dunstable, Bed.. Sole Agents
for Allot:all+. and New Zealand-tiordon and Dotch (A/Sia) Ltd. South Africa --Central News Agency Ltd. Sulmeriptions:WWI
Inlandnot,
18.80. Overseas 49.50 per annum payable to IPC Services. Chddield House, Perry -
mount Road, Hayward. Heath. /Mane, Everyoay Electrode* Is sold subject to the following conditions excluding
namely that it without the written consent of thePublishers first given, be lent, resold. hired out
or otherwise disposed of by aa) of Trade at more than the recommended selling price shown on cover, Eire where the selling price is subject to V.A.T., and that It ball not be lent, resold, or hired
out or otherwise disposed of In a mutilated condition or In any =authorised cover by way of Trade. or affixed to or as part of any publication or vivertislog, literary or pictorial matter whatsoever.
Doom w,
/MODULAR AUDIO
MIXER
KITS
The new Doram Electronic

immmummmenemnip4
Hobbies Catalogue is
packed full of new exciting IM 111
II
merchandise including
MICRO PROCESSOR I ELECTRONIC
II
I
BASED KITS.
IN HOBBIES I
ELECTRONIC KITS FOR
ALL THE FAMILY I CATALOGUE I
IIName I
ELECTRONIC TOOLS AND
BOOKS II Address I
I
AUDIO & CAR
ACCESSORIES ETC. I Please send my FREE Hobbies I
For your Nights of Delight. II
iiil. Catalogue. I enclose 25p. I
Send for your copy now. contribution to p. & p.
I
(AVAILABLE LATE SEPT) Doram Electronics Ltd
I PO Box TR8 I ( I
I
Overseas customers
except for N Irelandl- Wellington Road Estate.
60p including despatch by Air Wellington Bridge.
IOr all -up post) Leeds LS12 2UF EE7 .
Dorm Eloctronics Lid
PO Bo. TR8
4iso Ism Elm= mom.
Wellington Road Estate
Wellington Bridge
Leeds LS 2UF
mamon
everything for the modern D.IY. electronics enthusiast and more.
10 CHANNEL STEREO
GRAPHIC EQUALISER
A new design with no difficult coils to
wind, but a specification that outs it in 'PE' STRING ENSEMBLE
100W RMS STEREO DISCO the top-flight hi-fi class. All this for around
A genuine 100W RMS per channel (both chan- £70 including fully Punched and printed Unbeatable prices and finest Quality
nels driven) stereo disco with auto fade on metalwork and woodwork. Send for our components only when you buy from
microphone. VU meters, full monitoring and component schedule now. Full construc- Maplin. All parts available to build
cueing facili- tion details price 25p. (All this fascinating project. Component
ties and a very
high quality orices include V.A.T and schedule available shortly (s.a.e.
light show. & P.) appreciated). Demonstration model
Complete con- in our shoo soon. Phone now and
struction
booklet MES4I
VERY compare our prices.
price 25p. LOW-
Cabinet comes DISTOR-
complete with TION
lid and carry -
handles.
AUDIO a a aa.
OSCILLATOR hAiL,AilLi411611W6 14.1\
The very low distortion sine wave (<0'01%)
outpift is suitable for testing very high quality hi-
ll audio equipment. Also includes souare wave TOUCH -SENSITIVE PIANO
output. Range 20H, to 26kHz. Output OV
to IV in three con - The revolutionary new IC AY -I-1320 first seen on
tinuously variable Tomorrow's World' is now available.
steps. Total cost Complete kit of IC's to build a 60 -note
around £21. Full con- Piano (18 x IC's) order as HC)53H price
struction details in
our catalogue. Send C36-86. Preliminary circuit details in our
the coupon below. October newsletter. Complete design.
now! (all prices in- ocb's attractive veneered wooden cabi-
clude V.A.T. and net available soon. It's the most realistic -
& o). sounding electronic piano we've ever
heard and includes simulated damping.
loud and soft Pedals. Full SWITCHES
PEDAL UNIT details in our newsletters. We stock a wide range of switches
(All prices include V.A.T. including a really low-priced high
A completely self-contained iedal unit. and o & o.)
13 -note. 2 -Octave range. 4 o ,gan stops. Quality interlocking push-button
It can be added to any °rear). A really switch system which is extremely
unusual extra is the bass giitar stop versatile. We've got toggle
which uses four envelope Shapers to switches. slide switches. push
give a real bass guitar sour*. A must switches.rotary switches-there
for the solo guitarist. Full construction are dozens to choose from, but
details in our catalogue-roost the it's only a tiny part of our fantastic
coupon below, now! range.
SYNTHESISER
The International 4600 Synthesiser. A very
comprehensive unit. Over 400 sold. We
stock all the parts costing less than £500
1,1'0111 including fully Punched ind printed metal-
work and a smart teak cabinet. Far less
than half what you'd Pay for a ready made
synthesiser of equal quality. SPecifiration
on request. Full construction details in
INTEGRATED our construction book CI .50. (All prices
CIRCUITS include V.A.T and p & v.)
Our bi-monthly newsletter keeps you up to date with latest
Over 35 pages in our catalogue devoted guaranteed pric - our latest special offers -
to hundreds of useful IC's. All with details of new projects and new hoes. Send 30p
data, pin connections and many with for the next six issues 10p discount voucher with each copyl.
applications circuits and projects to
build. Post the coupon now!
POST THIS COUPON NOW FOR YOUR COPY OF OUR

1979-80 CATALOGUE PRICE 75p
* Come and see all our projects* Please rush me a copy of your 280 page catalogue
* on display at the Electronics * as soon as it is published (8th January 1979). I enclose
hobby show 'Breadboard' at * 75p, but understand that if I am not completely satisfied I
* Seymour Hall, London W1 ** may return the catalogue to you within 14 days and have
**** stands E7 -E9. ** my 75p refunded immediately.
E.**
********- NAME
MAPLIN ELECTRONIC SUPPLIES
P.O. BOX 3 RAYLEIGH ESSEX SS6 8LR ADDRESS
Telephone Southend (0702) 715155 EE/II
Shop: 284, London Road, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex
(Closed on Monday) Telephone Southend 1070217,5157

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r

Easy to build projects for everyone

...I've just built the

COMBINATION LOCK GOOD GAME,

A general purpose iron also with a ceramic and steel

inclusive of VAT and PAP Range of 4 other bits

Model CX- 17 watts

a miniature iron with the element enclosed first in a

Model SK3 Klt

House, Armada Way, ots"

City and Guilds Certificates:

. Name E OTHER GAMES AVAILABLE

DarAM SEE THE

Educate yourself and your children by

THIS IS JUST A SAMPLE OF THE

Doram Electronics Ltd

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 769

From your I octal Dealer or Direct from Manufacturers

&R. BREWSTER lirP

David George Sales

COMPRESSION TRIMMERS DO IT DIGITALLY

1 *BRIDGE 3A400V Ill BC100

N4004/5* 11 2A/4130V 45 8A400V 70 5C142* 25 BDYI7* IN MPSA12 48 TIP2955* 63 2N2904A* 22 40360* 43

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 771

Nov. 78 Audio Effects Oscillator

ENGINEER L4-52. u-DeCB L673. 16dil or 10705

British National Radio & Electronic School

THIS is the Catalogue you ne BUILD A

h Over 20 different electronic modules to select what YOU want to

774 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

CRESCENT RADIO LTD.

and your pocket S/ZES

SAVE, SAVE, SAVE! 228.5

PRICE incl VAT & P+ P

776 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

Quick Test Series.

3 Solderless breadboards with built-in 10% regulated

5 Ultra -low cost IC clips in

My cheque/postal order No for £ is enclosed

LMy Access/American Express/Barclaycard no. is All I want is data, please.

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 777

ASSISTANT EDITOR Projects...Theory...

778 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

Back issues of EVERYDAY ELECTRONICS June 1977 onwards (October

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 779

780 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

COUNTER AND DISPLAY

The counter/display section is

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 781

PRESET POTENTIOMETERS Capacitors

782 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

The front panel before mounting the facia

(1) Select rate

a.. -R6 RI1 is.- RO RIB 0

Everyday Electronics, November 1978 783

784 Everyday Electronics, November 1978

For timing, individually set VR1 prove worthwhile on overseas calls