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    Colligative Properties

    Uploaded by

    Joana Domingo
    This document discusses four colligative properties of solutions: 1. Vapor pressure lowering and boiling point elevation - Adding a solute lowers vapor pressure and raises the boiling point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the effect. 2. Freezing point depression - Adding a solute lowers the freezing point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the freezing point depression. 3. Osmotic pressure - The pressure required to prevent osmosis, or diffusion of solvent into the solution. Higher solute concentrations yield higher osmotic pressures. 4. A sample problem calculates the boiling point and freezing point of a sucrose solution using the concepts of boiling

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    Colligative Properties

    Uploaded by

    Joana Domingo
    92 views1 page
    This document discusses four colligative properties of solutions: 1. Vapor pressure lowering and boiling point elevation - Adding a solute lowers vapor pressure and raises the boiling point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the effect. 2. Freezing point depression - Adding a solute lowers the freezing point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the freezing point depression. 3. Osmotic pressure - The pressure required to prevent osmosis, or diffusion of solvent into the solution. Higher solute concentrations yield higher osmotic pressures. 4. A sample problem calculates the boiling point and freezing point of a sucrose solution using the concepts of boiling

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    Grade 12 - STEM General Chemistry 2

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    This document discusses four colligative properties of solutions: 1. Vapor pressure lowering and boiling point elevation - Adding a solute lowers vapor pressure and raises the boiling point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the effect. 2. Freezing point depression - Adding a solute lowers the freezing point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the freezing point depression. 3. Osmotic pressure - The pressure required to prevent osmosis, or diffusion of solvent into the solution. Higher solute concentrations yield higher osmotic pressures. 4. A sample problem calculates the boiling point and freezing point of a sucrose solution using the concepts of boiling

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    92 views1 page

    Colligative Properties

    Uploaded by

    Joana Domingo
    This document discusses four colligative properties of solutions: 1. Vapor pressure lowering and boiling point elevation - Adding a solute lowers vapor pressure and raises the boiling point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the effect. 2. Freezing point depression - Adding a solute lowers the freezing point of a solvent. The higher the solute concentration, the greater the freezing point depression. 3. Osmotic pressure - The pressure required to prevent osmosis, or diffusion of solvent into the solution. Higher solute concentrations yield higher osmotic pressures. 4. A sample problem calculates the boiling point and freezing point of a sucrose solution using the concepts of boiling

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Colligative Properties Tb = Kbm b.

    Calculate the boiling point  The higher the concentration of


     Properties of solutions elevation the solution the higher is the
     They are dependent on the Tb = boiling point elevation Tb = Kbm osmotic pressure
    number of solute particles that = (0.52oC/m) (0.058m) Osmosis
    are dissolved in a given quantity Kb = boiling point elevation constant = 0.03oC  A Greek word meaning “push”
    of the solvent and not in their (0.512oC/m)  A process in which the solvent
    identity. c. Calculate the boiling point moves through a semipermeable
    m = molal concentration Tb = boiling point of water + Tb membrane into the solution
    1. Vapor Pressure Lowering = 100oC + 0.03oC
     The presence of a solute lowers 3. Freezing point depression = 100.03oC Semipermeable membrane
    the vapor pressure of the solvent  The presence of solute  Allows certain types of molecules
     The presence of the solute with lowers the freezing point of Freezing point elevation to pass through while preventing
    exert attraction on the solvent the solvent a. Calculate the molality the passage of other species in
    molecules, thus decreasing their mole of solute solution.
    m=
    rate of escape Tf = Kfm kg of solvent
     Higher concentration of the
    solute added, the greater is Tf = freezing point elevation 4g
    m=
    decrease of vapor pressure 0.2 kg
    Kf = freezing point constant m = 0.058 m
    2. Boiling Point Elevation (1.86oC/m)
     The boiling point of the solution b. Calculate the freezing point
    is higher than the boiling point of m = molal concentration elevation
    a pure solvent Tf = Kfm
     The addition of a solute Sample Problem for boiling point = (1.86oC/m) (0.058m)
    increases the boiling point of the elevation and freezing point depression = 0.11oC
    solution
     To bring the solution to its Find the boiling point and freezing point c. Calculate the freezing point
    boiling point more heat is of a solution containing 4 g sucrose Tf = freezing point of water + Tf
    o o
    needed (C12H22O11) dissolved in 200 g of H2O. = 0 C + 0.11 C
    = -0.11oC
    Boiling point of a liquid Boiling point elevation
     Is the temperature at which the a. Calculate the molality 4. Osmotic pressure
    vapor pressure of the liquid and mole of solute  The pressure needed to prevent
    m=
    its atmospheric pressure are kg of solvent osmosis from the pure solvent to
    equal the solution
     Boling point is directly 4g  Related to the molar concentration
    m=
    proportional to the amount of 0.2 kg of the solution
    solute added m = 0.058 m

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