GOVERNMENT FIRST GRADE COLLEGE

RAICHUR.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Certificate
Reg No: Date:

This is to certify that has satisfactorily completed the course of

practical in “CACO2P-Practical I-C-Programming Lab“ as prescribed
by Raichur University, Raichur for BCA I semester, in the lab of
Department of computer science during the academic year 2021-22.

STAFF INCHARGE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

(Smt.Ishrat Begum) (Dr.Basava Prasad)

Examiners:
1.
2.
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

INDEX
SI.No Program Name Page No Remark

PART – A
01 C Program to find area and circumference of circle
02 C  Program to find greatest in 3 numbers
03 C program to demonstrate the library functions in
math.h
04 C program to check for prime
05 C program to generate prime numbers upto n

06 C Program to read a number ,find the sum of

digits,reverse the number and check for palindrome

07 C program to read numbers from keyboard

continuosly till the user presses 999 and to find the sum
of only positive numbers.

08 C program to Find the Percentage or marks of

students. This C program is an example to use Control
statements.
09 C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation

10 C Program to Delete Duplicate Elements from an

Array

11 Program to read marks scored by N students and find

the average of marks (single dimension Array)
12 Program to perform addition & subtraction of
Matrices
PART -B
01 Program to find length of a string without using built
in functions.

02 Program to demonstrate STRING Functions

03 Program to demonstrate Pointers in C
04 Program to Check a number for prime by defining
isprime() function

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

05 Program to read, display &to find the trace of a square

matrix.

06 Program to read,display and add two m x n matrices

using functions

07 Program to read,display and multiply two m x n

matrices using functions

08 Program to read and to find the number of

alphabets,digits,vowels,consonants,spaces ,special
characters

09 Program to Reverse a string using pointers

10 Programs to Swap Two Numbers using pointer

11

12

Part-A
1] Area and circumference of circle

Algorithm for area and circumference of circle

Step1: start

Step2: input radius

Step3: calculate
Area=pi*radius*radius
Step4: calculate
Circumference=2*pi*radius
Step5: display area and circumference of circle

Step6: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart for area and circumference of circle

start

Input radius

Area=pi*radius*radius

Circumference=2*pi*radius

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Display area and

circumference of
circle

stop

1. C Program to find area and circumference of circle

#include<stdio.h>

int main() {
int rad;
float PI = 3.14, area, ci;
printf("\nEnter radius of circle: ");
scanf("%d", &rad);
area = PI * rad * rad;
printf("\nArea of circle : %f ", area);
ci = 2 * PI * rad;
printf("\nCircumference : %f ", ci);
return (0);
}

Output:
Enter radius of a circle : 1
Area of circle : 3.14
Circumference : 6.28

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

2] Find greatest number in 3 numbers

Algorithm for find greatest number in 3 numbers

Step1: start

Step2: input a,b,c

Step3: if((a>b)&&(a>c))
Print a is greatest
if ((b>c&&(b>a))
print b is greatest
if ((c>a)&&(c>b))
print c is greatest
Step4: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart to find greatest in 3 numbers

start

Input a,b,c

no
If ((a>b)&&(a>c))

yes

If
no
Print a is greatest ((a>b)&&(b>a))

yes

If ((c>a)&&(c>b))

P¥Àpprint
yes

Print c is Preatest

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

stop

2. C  Program to find greatest in 3 numbers

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int a, b, c;
printf("\nEnter value of a, b & c : ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &a, &b, &c);
if ((a > b) && (a > c))
printf("\na is greatest");
if ((b > c) && (b > a))
printf("\nb is greatest");
if ((c > a) && (c > b))
printf("\nc is greatest");
return(0);
}

OUTPUT
Enter value for a,b & c : 15 17 21
c is greatest

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

3] Demonstrate the library functions in math.h

Algorithm for demonstrate the library functions in math.h

Step1: start

Step2: input dvaluex=5.0, dvaluey=5.0

Step3: calculate
result=pow(dvaluex,dvaluey)

Step4: display result

Step5: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart for demonstrate the library functions in math.h

start

Input dvaluex=5.0
dvaluey=5.0

Calculate
result=pow(dvaluex,dvaluey)

Display result

stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

3. C program to demonstrate the library functions in math.h

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h> 
int main(void)
{
  double dValuex = 5.0, dValuey = 5.0;
  double dResult;
  result = pow(dValuex, dValuey);
  printf("%lf power %lf is: %lf\n", dValuex, dValuey, dResult);
  return 0;
}

Output:
5.000000 power 5.000000 is: 3125.000000

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

4] Check for prime number

Algorithm :- check for prime number

Step1: start

Step2: Read a “n” value to check prime or not

Step3: set i=1, count=0.

Step4: if <=n if true go to step 5, else go to step 8.

Step5: check the condition n%i==0 if true evaluate step 6, false go to step 7.

Step6: set count =count+1.

Step7: i=i+1 go to step 4.

Step8: check count, if count =2 display prime, if not display it is not prime

Step9: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart :- check for prime number

start

N=5
Read n

Set i=1
Count=0

no yes
i <=n

yes
yes Count n% ==0
==2

Display not
Display n Count=count+1
Is prime prime no

i=i+1
stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C program to check for prime.

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int num, i, count = 0;
printf("Enter a number:");
scanf("%d", &num);
for (i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0)
{
count++;
break;
}
}
if (count == 0)
printf("%d is a prime number", num);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number", num);
return 0;
}

Output:
Enter a number : 4
4 is not a prime number
Enter a number : 2
2 is a prime number

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

5. Algorithm and flowchart to generate prime number upto

n.
Step-1: start
Step-2: input j, k
Step-3: i=2
Step-4: if(i<=n) if true
Then i++
Else goto step-5
Step-5: c=0 , j=1
if (j<=i) if true
Then j++
Else go to step-6
Step-6: check the condition i%j==0
Print c++
Else goto step-7
Step-7: if(c==2) if true
Print i
Else goto step-8
Step-8: stop.

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:-
start

Input j,k

I=2

No

If(j<=n)

No Yes
If(c==2)
C=o

J=1
yes

Print i

If(j<=n)

yes

If(i%j==0)

Yes
C++

stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C program to generate prime numbers upto n

void main()
{
int i,j,n;
printf("Enter the number till which you want prime numbers\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Prime numbers are:-\n");
for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
{
int c=0;
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
if(i%j==0)
{
c++;
}
}

if(c==2)
{
printf("%d ",i);
}
}
}
Output:
Enter the numbers till which you want prime numbers 25
Prime numbers are:23571113171923

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

6] Algorithm and flowchart to read a number find the sum

of digits, reverse the number and check for palindrome.

Algorithm:
Step-1: start
Step-2: input n
Step-3: reversed=0
Original=n
Step-4: while(n!=0)
Then remainder=n%10
Reversed=reversed*10+remainder
n/=10
step-5: if(original==reversed)
print original is palindrome
else
print original is not palindrome
step-6: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:-
start

Input n

Reversed=0

Original=n

No
While
(n!=0)

yes

Remainder=n%10

Reversed=reversed*10+remainde
r

No
If(Original==
reversed)

Print original is not

yes palindrome

Print original is
palindrome

stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C Program to read a number ,find the sum of digits,reverse the

number and check for palindrome
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, reversed = 0, remainder, original;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
original = n;
// reversed integer is stored in reversed variable
while (n != 0) {
remainder = n % 10;
reversed = reversed * 10 + remainder;
n /= 10;
}
// palindrome if orignal and reversed are equal
if (original == reversed)
printf("%d is a palindrome.", original);
else
printf("%d is not a palindrome.", original);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter an integer: 1001
1001 is a palindrome.

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

7] Read numbers from keyboard countinuously till the

user presses 999 and to find the sum of only positive
numbers

Algorithm:
Step1: start
Step2: input num=1,pos=-1,
Neg=0, zero=0
Step3: while (num!=999) then
Pos+=num>0
neg+=num<0
zero+=num==0
print pos,neg,zero

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:-

start

Num=1, pos=-1, neg=0,

zero=0

yes
While num!
=999

no
Pos+=num>0
neg+=num<0
zero+=num==0

Print pos, neg, zero

stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C program to read numbers from keyboard continuosly till the

user presses 999 and to find the sum of only positive numbers.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
long num = 1, pos = -1, neg = 0, zero = 0;
while(num != 999) {
pos += num > 0;
neg += num < 0;
zero += num == 0;
scanf("%d", &num);
}
printf("%d %d %d", pos, neg, zero);
return 0;
}

Output:
33
12
6
74
0
999
400

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

8]Algorithm and flowchart to find the percentage or

marks of students.

Step-1: start
Step-2: input m1, m2, m3
Step-3: calculate
Total=m1+m2+m3
Per=total*100/300
Step-4: if(per>=60&&per<=100) if true
Then print you are 1st
Else if (per>=50&&per<=60) if true
Then print you are 2nd
Else if (per>=40&&per<=50) if true
Then print you are 3rd
Else
Print you are fail
Step-5: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:-

start

Input m1, m2,

m3

Calculate

Total=m1+m2+m3

Per=total*100/300

If(per>=60
&&per<=1
00

If(per>=60
yes
&&per<=1
Print you are 1st 00

else if
(per>=40&&
Print you are per<=50)
2nd

Print you are

3rd

Print you
are fail

stop
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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C program to Find the Percentage or marks of students. (Else –if

ladder)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
         int m1,m2,m3,total;
         float per;
         clrscr();
         printf("Enter 3 Nos.");
         scanf("%D%D%D",&m1,&m2,&m3);
         total=m1+m2+m3;
         per=total*100/300;
         if(per>=60&&per<=100)
                 printf("You are 1st :");
        else if(per>=50&&per<=60)
                 printf("You are 2nd");
        else if(per>=40&&per<=50)
                 printf("You are 3rd");
        else
                 printf("You are Fail");
        getch();
}

output:
Enter 3 Nos
40
50
60
You are 2nd

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

9. Algorithm and flowchart to find the roots of a

quadratic equation.
Step-1:Start
Step-2:input a,b,c
Step-3:dis=b2-4a*c
Step-4:if(discM<0) then write roots are imaginary
Stop
Endif
Step-5: if (disc==0)then write roots are real and equal
X1=-b/(2*a)
Write roots are x1,x1
Stop
Endif
Step-6: if (dis>0)
Write roots are real and unequal
X1=(-b+sqrt (disc))/(2*a)
X2=(-b+sqrt (disc))/(2*a)
Write roots are X1,X2
Stop
Endif
Step-7: Stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:-

Start

Count=c

Sum=0

Input a,b,c

Disc=b*b-4.0*a*c

Write roots Write roots are

?
Are imaginary real and equal
Dis c

Write roots are X1=-b1(2*a)

real and equal

X1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a) Roots are

X1,X1
X2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a)

Stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h> /* Used for sqrt() */
int main()
{
float a, b, c;
float root1, root2, imaginary;
float discriminant;
printf("Enter values of a, b, c of quadratic equation (aX^2 + bX + c): ");
scanf("%f%f%f", &a, &b, &c);
discriminant = (b * b) - (4 * a * c);
switch(discriminant > 0)
{
case 1:
/* If discriminant is positive */
root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

printf("Two distinct and real roots exists: %.2f and %.2f",

root1, root2);
break;

case 0:
/* If discriminant is not positive */
switch(discriminant < 0)
{
case 1:

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

/* If discriminant is negative */
root1 = root2 = -b / (2 * a);
imaginary = sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a);

printf("Two distinct complex roots exists: %.2f + i%.2f and %.2f - i%.2f",
root1, imaginary, root2, imaginary);
break;
case 0:
/* If discriminant is zero */
root1 = root2 = -b / (2 * a);
printf("Two equal and real roots exists: %.2f and %.2f", root1,
root2);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
Output
Enter values of a, b, c of quadratic equation (aX^2 + bX + c): 4 -2 -10
Two distinct and real roots exists: 1.85 and -1.35

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

10]Algorithm and flowchart to read marks scored by

N students and find the average of marks.(single
dimension array).

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

C Program to read marks scored by N students and

find the average of marks.(single dimension array).

#include <stdio.h> 
int main()
{
int i, num;
float total = 0.0, average;
printf ("Enter the number of students \n");
scanf("%d", &num);
int array[num];
printf("Enter %d students marks \n", num);
  for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i]);
} 
printf("Input Marks as array elements \n");
for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
printf("%+3d\n", array[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
total+=array[i];
}
average = total / num;
printf("\n Sum of all marks = %.2f\n", total);
printf("\n Average of all input marks= %.2f\n", average);
}

Enter the number of students

5
Enter 5 students marks
10
20
30
40
50
 

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Input students marks as array elements

10
20
30
40
50
Sum of all numbers = 150 
Average of all input numbers = 30

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

11] Algorithm and flowchart to delete duplicate

elements from an array

Algorithm:
Step-1: start
Step-2: input size
Step-3: for(i=0;i<size;i++)
Step-4: display arr[i]
Step-5: for(i=0;i<size;i++)
Step-6: for(j=0;j<size;j++)
Step-7: if(arr[i]==arr[j])
Step-8: for(k=j;k<size;k++)
Step-9: arr[k]=arr[k+1]
Step-10: size—
j—
step-11: stop.

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:
start

Input size

i=0;i<size;i++

Arr[i]

i=0;i<size;i++

j=0;j<size;j++

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Arr[i]==arr[j]

k=j;k<size;k++

Arr[k]=arr[k+1]

Size--

j--

stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

11.C Program to Delete Duplicate Elements from an Array

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10], i, j, k, Size;
printf("\n Please Enter Number of elements in an array : ");
scanf("%d", &Size);
printf("\n Please Enter %d elements of an Array \n", Size);
for (i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
for(j = i + 1; j < Size; j++)
{
if(arr[i] == arr[j])
{
for(k = j; k < Size; k++)
{
arr[k] = arr[k + 1];
}
Size--;
j--;
}
}
}

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

printf("\n Final Array after Deleteing Duplicate Array Elements is:\n");

for (i = 0; i < Size; i++)
{
printf("%d\t", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}

OUTPUT:
Please Enter Number of elements in an array : 5

Please Enter 5 elements of an Array

4
5
6
7
6

Final Array after Deleteing Duplicate Array Elements is:

4 5 6 7

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

11]Algorithm to perform Addition & subtraction of

two matrices
Algorithm:
Step-1: start
Step-2: input n, m, first[10][10], second[10][10]
Step-3: input elements of first matrix
for(c=0;c<m;c++)
for(d=0;d<n;d++)
Step-4: display first[c][d]
Step-5: input elements of second matrix
for(c=0;c<m;c++)
for(d=0;d<n;d++)
Step-5: display second[c][d]
for(c=0;c<m;c++)
for(d=0;d<n;d++)
Step-6: sum[c][d]=first[c][d]+second[c][d]
Step-7: display sum[c][d]
for(c=0;c<m;c++)
for(d=0;d<n;d++)
Step-8: diff[c][d]=first[c][d]-second[c][d]
Step-18: display diff[c][d]
Step-19 stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

12.Program to perform addition and subtraction of matrices.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{

int n, m, c, d, first[10][10], second[10][10], sum[10][10], diff[10][10];

printf("\nEnter the number of rows and columns of the first matrix \n\n");
scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
printf("\nEnter the %d elements of the first matrix \n\n", m*n);
for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
scanf("%d", &first[c][d]);

printf("\nEnter the %d elements of the second matrix \n\n", m*n);

for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
scanf("%d", &second[c][d]);
printf("\n\nThe first matrix is: \n\n");
for(c = 0; c < m; c++) // to iterate the rows
{
for(d = 0; d < n; d++) // to iterate the columns
{
printf("%d\t", first[c][d]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n\nThe second matrix is: \n\n");

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

for(c = 0; c < m; c++)

{
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
{
printf("%d\t", second[c][d]);
}
printf("\n");
}
for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
sum[c][d] = first[c][d] + second[c][d];
printf("\n\nThe sum of the two entered matrices is: \n\n");
for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
{
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
{
printf("%d\t", sum[c][d]);
}
printf("\n");
}
for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
diff[c][d] = first[c][d] - second[c][d];
printf("\n\nThe difference(subtraction) of the two entered matrices is: \n\n");
for(c = 0; c < m; c++)
{
for(d = 0; d < n; d++)
{

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

printf("%d\t", diff[c][d]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:
4 5
The second matrix is:
4 3
2 1
The sum of the two entered matrices is:
6 6
6 6
The difference(subtraction) of the two entered matrices is:

-2 0
2 4

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

PART-B

1. Algorithm and flowchart to find length of a string without using

built in functions.

Step-1: Start
Step-2: Declare i and initialize length=0
Step-3: Input a string
Step-4: i ―›0
Step-5: Repeat upto step-6 until str(i)!=10
Step-6: i++
Step-7: length=length+1
Step-5: output length of string
Step-6: stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart:

Start

Declare i,length=0

gets(string)

for(i=0;string[i]!=10;i++)

length++

Output length

Stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

1. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
Void main()
{
char string[50];
int i,length=0
printf(“Enter a string\n”);
gets(string);
for(i=0;string[i] != ‘\0’; i++)
{
length++;
}
Printf(“The length of a string is the number of characters in it\n ”);
Primtf(“So, the length of %S=%d\n”, string, length);
}
OUTPUT:

Enter a string
renuka is good girl
:the length of a string is the number of characters in it so,
The length of renuka is a good girl = 21

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

2) Algorithm and flowchart to demonstrate string functions.

Step-1: Start
Step-2: input string1[25], string2[25]
Step-3: Calcute
L=Strlen(string1)
Step-4: if (Strcmp(string1, String2)==0&
True then print strings are equal
Else
Print strings are not equal
Step-5: strcpy(string1,String2)
Step-6: Stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart

Start

Input String1[25]

String[25]

If

(Strcmp(String1
String2)==0)

Print Strigs are

not equal

Print (String1,string2)==0)

Strcpy(String1,String2)

Stop

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

2. Program to demonstrate STRING Functions.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
Void main(){
Char string1[25],string2[25];
int l;
Clrscr();
Printf(“***** performing string length ******\n”);
Printf(“enter only one string \n”);
Scanf(“%s”,string1);
l = strlen(string1);                   
printf(“the string length is %d\n\n”,l);
printf(“**** performing string concatenation ****\n”);
printf(“enter two strings\n”);
scanf(“%s%s”,string1,string2);
printf(“the concatenated string is %s\n\n”,strcat(string1,string2)); 
printf(“***** performing string compare *****\n”);
printf(“enter two strings \n”);
scanf(“%s%s”,string1,string2);
if(strcmp(string1,string2) = = 0) 
printf(“strings are equal\n”);
else
printf(“strings are not equal\n”);
printf(“*** performing string copy ****\n”);
printf(“enter the two strings\n”);
scanf(“%d%d”,string1,string2);
printf(“the first string is %s and second string is %s\n”,string1,string2);
strcpy(string1,string2);         
printf(“the first string is %s and second string is %s\n”,string1,string2);
getch(); 
}
Output:
Enter only one string A
Enter string length 1
Enter two string BC
Enter string length 2

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

3. Check a number for prime by defining isprime() function

Algorithm:-
Step1: start
Step2: input num [positive numbers]
Step3:[call function]
If[is prime(num)]
Step a: print “prime number”
else
Step b: print “not prime number”;
Return 0;
Step4: exit

Called function
Step1: isprime(int num)
Step2:For (i=2,i<(num/2);i++)
Step a:if (num%i==Ø)
return 0;
else
return 1;
Step3: Exit

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Start
Flow chart:

Input num

If

(is prime(num))?

Is a prime num Not a prime num

stop

Isprime(intnum)

For (7=2;7<=(num/2);7++)

Is

Num%7==0

Return 0 Return 1

End function

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
3. Program to check a number for prime by defining isprime() function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int isPrime(int num);
int main()
{
int num;
clrscr();
printf("Enter a positive number\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(isPrime(num))
printf("%d is a Prime Number",num);
else
printf("%d is NOT a Prime Number",num);
return 0;
}
int isPrime(int num)
{
int i;
for(i = 2; i <=(num/2); ++i) {
if(num%i==0) {
return 0;
}
}
getch();
return 1;
}

Output:
Enter a positive number = 40
40 is not a prime number

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

5) Program to read, display &to find the trace of a square

matrix.

Step-1: Start
Step-2: input a[10][10],m
Step-3: for(i=0;i<m; i++)
for(j=0;j<m;J++)
Sum=0
Step-4: for(i=0;i<m;i++)
Sum=Sum+a[i][i]
Step-5: Stop

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

Flowchart

Start

Input a[10][10],m

I=0;i<m;i++

J=0;j<m;j++

Sum=0

I=0;i<m;i++

Sum=Sum+a[i][j]

Stop

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

5. Program to read ,display and to find the trace of a Square Matrix.

# include<stdio.h>
main( )
{
int a[10][10], m,i,j, sum;
printf ("\n Enter order of the square matrix :") ;
scanf ("%d", &m);
printf ("\n Enter the matrix \n");
for( i=0; i<m;i++)
for ( j=0; j<m; j++)
scanf ("%d", &a[i ][ j ]);
/* loop to find trace of the matrix */
sum = 0;
for ( i=0; i<m; i++)
sum = sum + a[i ][ i ];
printf ("\n trace of the matrix = %d", sum);
}

OUTPUT:
Enter order of the square matrix : 2 2

Enter the matrix

5 6
3 4

trace of the matrix = 9

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
6.Program to read,display and to add two m , n matrices using
functions
  #include <stdio.h>

  int rows, columns;

  void matrixAddition(int mat1[][10], int mat2[][10], int mat3[][10]) {

        int i, j;

        for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

                for (j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
                        mat3[i][j] = mat1[i][j] + mat2[i][j];
        }
    }
        return;
 }

  int main() {
        int matrix1[10][10], matrix2[10][10];
        int matrix3[10][10], i, j;

        printf("Enter the no of rows and columns(<=10):");

        scanf("%d%d", &rows, &columns);

        if (rows > 10 || columns > 10) {

                printf("No of rows/columns is greater than 10\n");
                return 0;
    }

        /* input first matrix */

        printf("Enter the input for first matrix:");
        for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
                for (j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
                        scanf("%d", &matrix1[i][j]);
        }
    }

        /* input second matrix */

        printf("Enter the input for second matrix:");
        for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
                for (j = 0; j < columns; j++) {

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
                        scanf("%d", &matrix2[i][j]);
        }
    }

        /* matrix addtion */
        matrixAddition(matrix1, matrix2, matrix3);

        /* print the results */

        printf("\nResult of Matrix Addition:\n");
        for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
                for (j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
                        printf("%5d", matrix3[i][j]);
        }
                printf("\n");
    }
        return 0;
 }

Output:
  Enter the no of rows and columns(<=10):
 3 3
  Enter the input for first matrix:
  10 20 30
  40 54 60
  70 80 90

  Enter the input for second matrix:

  100 110 120
  130 140 150
  160 170 180

  Result of Matrix Addition:

  110  130  150
  170  194  210
  230  250  270

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
7.Program to read,display and multiply two m x n matrices using
functions
#include<stdio.h>
void multiply(int mat1[12][12],int mat2[12][12],int ,int ,int );

void main()
{
int mat1[12][12],mat2[12][12];
int i,j,k,m,n,p;
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns for 1st matrix\n");
scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
printf("Enter the elements of the 1st matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat1[i][j]);
}
}

printf("Enter the number of columns for 2nd matrix\n");

scanf("%d",&p);
printf("Enter the elements of the 2nd matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<p;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&mat2[i][j]);
}
}

printf("The 1st matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mat1[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("The 2nd matrix\n");

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<p;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mat2[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
multiply(mat1,mat2,m,n,p);
}

void multiply(int mat1[12][12],int mat2[12][12],int m,int n,int p)

{
int mul[12][12],i,j,k;
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<p;j++)
{
mul[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
{
mul[i][j]=mul[i][j]+mat1[i][k]*mat2[k][j];
}
}
}

printf("The resultant matrix formed on multiplying the two matrices\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<p;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mul[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

8.program to read a string and to find the number of

alphabets ,digits,vowels

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {

char line[150];
int vowels, consonant, digit, space;

vowels = consonant = digit = space = 0;

printf("Enter a line of string: ");

fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);

for (int i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; ++i) {

line[i] = tolower(line[i]);

if (line[i] == 'a' || line[i] == 'e' || line[i] == 'i' ||

line[i] == 'o' || line[i] == 'u') {

++vowels;
}

else if ((line[i] >= 'a' && line[i] <= 'z')) {

++consonant;
}

else if (line[i] >= '0' && line[i] <= '9') {

++digit;
}

else if (line[i] == ' ') {

++space;
}
}
printf("Vowels: %d", vowels);
printf("\nConsonants: %d", consonant);
printf("\nDigits: %d", digit);
printf("\nWhite spaces: %d", space);

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
return 0;
}

Output

Enter a line of string: C++ 20 is the latest version of C++ yet.

Vowels: 9
Consonants: 16
Digits: 2
White spaces: 8

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
9.Program to Reverse a String Using Pointers

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
char str[100];
char rev[100];
char *sptr = str; // sptr stores the base address of the str
char *rptr = rev; // rptr stores the base address of the reverse

int i = -1;

printf("\n\nEnter a string: ");

scanf("%s", str);

while(*sptr)
{
sptr++;
i++; // i is the index of the end location
}

while(i >= 0)
{
sptr--;
*rptr = *sptr; // storing the value in sptr in rptr
rptr++; // pointing to next location
i--; // decrementing the index
}

*rptr = '\0';
rptr = rev;
while(*rptr)
{
*sptr = *rptr;
sptr++;
rptr++;
}

printf("\n\nReverse of the string is: %s ", str);

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem
return 0;
}

Output

10.Program to swap two numbers using pointers

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int x, y, *a, *b, temp;
printf("Enter the value of x and y\n");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
printf("Before Swapping\nx = %d\ny = %d\n", x, y);
a = &x;
b = &y;
temp = *b;
*b = *a;
*a = temp;
printf("After Swapping\nx = %d\ny = %d\n", x, y);
return 0;
}

Output

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

11.Program to demonstrate student structure to read & display

records of n students

#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
    int age,roll_no,fees;
    char name[25];
}stud[100];
 
void main()
{
    int i,n;
    printf("Enter the no of students\n");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    printf("enter student info as roll_no , name , age , fees\n");
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d %s %d
%d",&stud[i].roll_no,stud[i].name,&stud[i].age,&stud[i].fees);
    }
    printf("\nROLL_NO\t\tNAME\t\tAGE\t\tFEES\n");
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        printf("%d\t\t    %s\t\t%d\t\t%d\t\t\
n",stud[i].roll_no,stud[i].name,stud[i].age,stud[i].fees);
    }
}

Out put

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 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

12. Program to demonstrate the difference between structures

& union

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
  
// declaring structure
struct struct_example
{
    int integer;
    float decimal;
    char name[20];
};
  
// declaring union
  
union union_example
{
    int integer;
    float decimal;
    char name[20];
};
  
void main()
{
    // creating variable for structure
    // and initializing values difference
    // six
    struct struct_example s={18,38,"geeksforgeeks"};
  

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

    // creating variable for union

    // and initializing values
    union union_example u={18,38,"geeksforgeeks"};
  
          
    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n"
                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
                s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
    printf("\nunion data:\n integer: %d\n"
                 "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
                u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
  
  
    // difference two and three
    printf("\nsizeof structure : %d\n", sizeof(s));
    printf("sizeof union : %d\n", sizeof(u));
      
    // difference five
    printf("\n Accessing all members at a time:");
    s.integer = 183;
    s.decimal = 90;
    strcpy(s.name, "geeksforgeeks");
      
    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n "
                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
            s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
      
    u.integer = 183;
    u.decimal = 90;
    strcpy(u.name, "geeksforgeeks");
      
    printf("\nunion data:\n integer: %d\n "
                "decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
            u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
      
    printf("\n Accessing one member at time:");
      
    printf("\nstructure data:");
    s.integer = 240;

GFGC RAICHUR
 Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

    printf("\ninteger: %d", s.integer);

      
    s.decimal = 120;
    printf("\ndecimal: %f", s.decimal);
      
    strcpy(s.name, "C programming");
    printf("\nname: %s\n", s.name);
      
    printf("\n union data:");
    u.integer = 240;
    printf("\ninteger: %d", u.integer);
      
    u.decimal = 120;
    printf("\ndecimal: %f", u.decimal);
      
    strcpy(u.name, "C programming");
    printf("\nname: %s\n", u.name);
      
    //difference four
    printf("\nAltering a member value:\n");
    s.integer = 1218;
    printf("structure data:\n integer: %d\n "
                " decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
                s.integer, s.decimal, s.name);
      
    u.integer = 1218;
    printf("union data:\n integer: %d\n"
           " decimal: %.2f\n name: %s\n",
            u.integer, u.decimal, u.name);
}

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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Programming in C For BCA Ist Sem

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