Práctica 5. Electrolitos e Interacciones

Name ___________________________________________ Date ______________________ Class ________________________
To classify compounds as electrolytes by testing their conductivity in aqueous solution.
You may have seen sport beverages advertising that they contain electrolytes. Sweating can reduce the
salts in your body, which can be a bad thing. However, the same word is used in science to refer to another
scenario: the ability of dissolved ions to conduct electricity. While athletes certainly don’t want to conduct
electricity through their bodies, the same chemistry principle applies!
Reagent, electrolyte, conductivity, dissociate
Electrolytes are compounds that conduct electricity in aqueous solution. When an ionic solid dissolves
in water, water molecules interact with the ions, causing them to dissociate, or come apart. The resulting
dissolved ions are electrically charged particles that allow the solution to conduct electricity. The following
chemical equations represent this phenomenon.
NaCl (s) → Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
Na2CO3 (s) → 2Na+ (aq) + CO32- (aq)
1. For a compound to be an electrolyte, what must happen when it dissolves in water?
1. Start Virtual ChemLab and select Electrolytes from the list of assignments. The lab will open in the
Titrations laboratory.
2. Click inside the Stockroom. Double-click on three reagents to move them to the stockroom counter:
NaCl, Na2CO3 (100%), and NaHCO3. Return to Lab.
3. For each salt, complete the following procedure: double-click the bottle to move it to the spotlight next
to the balance. Click the Beakers drawer and place a beaker in the spotlight next to the salt bottle. Click
on the Balance area to zoom in and open the bottle by clicking on the lid (Remove Lid). Pick up the
Scoop and scoop up some salt by dragging the scoop to the bottle and then down the face of the bottle.
Pick up the largest sample possible and place it in the beaker. Zoom Out.
Move the beaker to the stir plate. Pick up the 25 mL graduated cylinder near the sink and hold it under
the water tap until it fills. Pour the water by dragging the cylinder to the beaker. Turn on the
conductivity meter, place the conductivity probe into the beaker and record the conductivity in the
Name ___________________________________________ Date ______________________ Class ________________________
Data Table. Double-click the salt bottle to place it back on the Stockroom counter. Place the beaker in
the red disposal bucket.
4. When you have completed the three reagents, return to the Stockroom. Double-click on each bottle to
return it to the shelf. Obtain three more samples (two salts and one solution): KNO 3, NH4Cl, NH3. Return
to Lab. Use the procedure from #3 for NH4Cl, and KNO3. For the NH3 solution complete the following
procedure: Place a beaker on the spotlight left of the stir plate. Click on the Pipets drawer and double-
click a 25 mL pipet. Pick up the bottle of solution from the Stockroom shelf and pour into the beaker
until the beaker is at least 1/4 full. The solution bottle will automatically go back to the Stockroom shelf.
Click the pipet bulb to fill the pipet. Place the used beaker in the red disposal bucket. Drag a new beaker
to the spotlight under the pipet and click the pipet bulb to empty the pipet into the new beaker. Drag
the beaker to the stir plate. Place the conductivity meter probe into the beaker and record the
conductivity in the Data Table.
5. Return to the Stockroom. Double-click each bottle to return them to the Stockroom shelves. Obtain two
more samples: HCl and HCN. Measure the conductivity of each solution using the procedure in #4 and
record the conductivity in the Data Table.
NaCl Na2CO3 NaHCO3 KNO3 NH4Cl NH3 HCL HCN
Conductivity
1. Which compounds in your table are electrolytes? Which are not electrolytes?
2. Would any of these electrolytes conduct electricity in the solid form? Explain.
3. Are these ionic or covalent compounds? Classify each compound in the table as ionic or covalent.
4. Write a balanced chemical equation for each electrolyte in the data table.
Name ___________________________________________ Date ______________________ Class ________________________
5. After examining the chemical reactions for the electrolytes, why does Na2CO3 have a higher
conductivity than all of the other electrolytes?

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Name _________________ Date Class

To classify compounds as electrolytes by testing their conductivity in aqueous solution.

Reagent, electrolyte, conductivity, dissociate

1. For a compound to be an electrolyte, what must happen when it dissolves in water?

NaCl Na2CO3 NaHCO3 KNO3 NH4Cl NH3 HCL HCN

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