Steel Staircase

STEEL
STAIRCASE
07.03.2022
Prepared by – Ar. Madhuri

STAIRS
• A series of steps suitably arranged to connect different floors of a building.
Or
• An arrangement of treads, risers, stringers, newel posts, handrails and baluster
constructed to provide an easy and quick access to different floors.
• The space occupied by the arrangement of these above components is termed as
stairway and the enclosure or room containing the stairway is staircase.
• Can be made from different materials or combination of different materials like
timber, stones, bricks, steel, plain concrete or reinforced concrete.
• Material selection depends upon aesthetics, durability, funds available & fire
resisting qualities.
LOCATION OF STAIRCASE
As they are the connectors between the two floors and incase of fire, staircase are
used to evacuate the premises, they are located –
• In public buildings, near main entrance
• In residential buildings, placed centrally to provide easy access and maintain
privacy at the same time
• As per the building codes, in housings, hospitals, institutional buildings, public
buildings, office buildings – staircases are such located that the distance between
the staircase and the farthest point of the building should not be more than
30mts.
TECHNICAL TERMS
• Steps • Soffit
• Tread • Pitch or slope
• Riser • String or stringer
• Flight • Handrails
• Landing • Baluster
• Nosing • Balustrade
• Scotia • Newel
• Winder • Head room or head way
• Step - this is a portion of stair which permits
ascending or descending from one floor to
another. It is composed of a tread and a riser. A
stair is composed of a set of steps.
• Tread - It is the upper horizontal portion of a
step upon which the foot is placed while
ascending or descending a stairway.
• Riser - It is the vertical portion of a step
providing a support to the tread.
• Rise - It is the vertical distance between two
successive tread faces.
• Flight - It is a series of steps without any
platform or landing or break in their direction.
• Landing - this is a platform provided between two flights. A landing extending to
full width of staircase is known as half spaced landing and the space extending
only half across a staircase is called a quarter space landing. A landing facilitates
change of direction and provides an opportunity for taking rest during the use of
the stair.
• Going - it is the horizontal distance between two
successive riser faces.
• Nosing - this is the outer projecting edge of a tread.
This is generally made rounded to give more pleasing
appearance and makes the staircase easy to navigate.
• Scotia - It is a moulding provided under the nosing to
improve the elevation of the step and to provide
strength to nosing.
• Winders - they are tapering steps used for
changing the direction of a stair.
• Soffit - it is the underside of a stair.
• Pitch or slope - it is angle which the line of
nosing of the stair makes with the horizontal.
• Strings or stringers - these are the sloping
members which support the steps in a stair.
They run along the slope of the stair.
• Hand rail - it is a rounded or moulded member
of wood or metal following generally the slope
of stair and fixed on the top of balusters.
• Baluster - it is a vertical member of wood or
metal, supporting the hand rails.
• Balustrade - The combined framework of
handrail and baluster is known as balustrade.
This provides protection for the user of the
stair.
• Newel post - newel post is a vertical member
which is placed at the ends of flights ad at
points where balustrade changes its direction
to connect the ends of strings and hand rail.
• Head room - It is the clear vertical distance
between the tread and overhead structure (i.e.
ceiling, soffit of the flight, etc)
CALCULATION OF NUMBER OF STEPS
Floor Height/size of riser = number of steps

TYPES OF STAIRS
• Straight stair
• Dog-legged stair
• Open-well stair
• Geometrical stair
• Circular stair
• Bifurcated stair
TYPES OF STAIRS
METAL STAIRS
METAL STAIRS
• M.S., Cast iron or aluminium alloy are used for metal stairs
• Generally, metal staircases are used as emergency or escape
stairs.
• The external fire-escape stairs are generally made of metal
• Common in factories, godowns, workshops etc.
• Now days, they can be located in residential and public
buildings terraces, backyards for services, inside the
buildings for minimalist aesthetics.
• The aesthetics and components of metal stairs depends
upon its location and usage. It cannot be aesthetically
pleasing and also make lot of noise when used on terraces
or service areas.
METAL STAIRS
• They are strong and fire resistant.
• Its installation doesn’t require any formwork
making its application an advantage but the regular
maintenance like painting becomes disadvantage.
• In its simplest form, a metal staircase consists of
rolled steel stringers (mostly channel sections), to
which angle irons or steel angles are welded or
riveted and steel plates are used as treads.
• Tread and riser of a step may be of one unit or may
be of separate units.
• Commonly used metal stairs are the spiral stairs.
METAL STAIRS
• Metal stairways present light appearance and their
construction is carried out in a relatively fast
manner, for which reason they are built mainly for
factories, workshops, warehouses and emergency
exits.
• Resting places are usually made of non- skid metal
sheets or metallic grates allowing the passage of
water and light.
• The railings of these stairways are also made of
metallic materials.

Steel Staircase

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What are the different types of stairs mentioned?

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STEEL

Prepared by – Ar. Madhuri

Floor Height/size of riser = number of steps

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