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    (MAI 2.16) EXPONENTIAL MODEL - Solutions

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    This document contains solutions to exponential model exercises. It includes 9 problems with multi-part questions involving exponential growth and decay models. The models relate various quantities like population, volume, value over time. The solutions involve setting up and solving exponential equations to find unknown parameters like growth/decay rates and time values.

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    (MAI 2.16) EXPONENTIAL MODEL - Solutions

    Uploaded by

    afakf
    73 views3 pages
    This document contains solutions to exponential model exercises. It includes 9 problems with multi-part questions involving exponential growth and decay models. The models relate various quantities like population, volume, value over time. The solutions involve setting up and solving exponential equations to find unknown parameters like growth/decay rates and time values.

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    [MAI 2.16] EXPONENTIAL MODEL_solutions

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    This document contains solutions to exponential model exercises. It includes 9 problems with multi-part questions involving exponential growth and decay models. The models relate various quantities like population, volume, value over time. The solutions involve setting up and solving exponential equations to find unknown parameters like growth/decay rates and time values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    73 views3 pages

    (MAI 2.16) EXPONENTIAL MODEL - Solutions

    Uploaded by

    afakf
    This document contains solutions to exponential model exercises. It includes 9 problems with multi-part questions involving exponential growth and decay models. The models relate various quantities like population, volume, value over time. The solutions involve setting up and solving exponential equations to find unknown parameters like growth/decay rates and time values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    EXERCISES [MAI 2.

    16]
    EXPONENTIAL MODEL
    SOLUTIONS
    Compiled by: Christos Nikolaidis

    A. Paper 1 questions (SHORT)

    1. (a) N = 10
    (b) At t = 2, N = 10e0.4(2)
    N = 22.3 (3 sf) Number of leopards = 22
    (c) If N = 100, then solve 100 = 10e0.4t
    10 = e0.4t hence ln10 = 0.4t
    ln 10
    t= ~ 5.76 years (3 sf)
    0.4
    ln 2
    (d) t= ( = 1.73 years)
    0.4

    2. (a) p = 100e0 = 100

    (b) 200 = 100e0.05t,, so 2 = e0.05t


    ln2 = 0.05t
    t = ln2/ 0.05=13.9

    3. (a) Initial mass ⇒ t = 0, mass = 4


    (b) 1.5 = 4e–0.2t (or 0.375 = e–0.2t)
    ln 0.375 = –0.2t
    t = 4.90 hours
    (c) When m = 2 (half of the initial value)
    ln 0.5
    t= ( = 3.47 years)
    − 0.2

    4. 10 000e− 0.3t = 1500


    Taking logarithms − 0.3t ln e = ln 0.15
    ln 0.15
    t= = 6.32 7 (years)
    − 0.3
    Note: You may use a graphical method.

    5. (a) 1 = (1/e)e5k , so e = e5k so 5k=1 so k = 0.2


    1 0.2t ln 100 + 1
    (b) 100 = e t= (= 28.0)
    e 0.2

    1
    6. (a) A = 10
    ln 2
    (b) 20 = 10 e 2 k ⇔ e 2 k = 2 ⇔ 2 k = ln 2 ⇔ k = = 0.347
    2
    (c) P = 10 e 0.347 t

    7. (a) P0 e k = 10 and P0 e 2 k = 20 .
    Divide the two relations

    P0 e 2 k 20
    k
    = ⇔ e k = 2 ⇔ k = ln 2 (= 0.693)
    P0 e 10

    Hence 2 P0 = 10 ⇔ P0 = 5

    (b) P = 5e 0.693 t [OR P = 5e (ln 2 ) t = 5 × 2 t ]

    8. (a) P0 e k + c = 20 , P0 e 2 k + c = 30 , P0 e 3 k + c = 50
    2nd – 1st : P0 e − P0 e = 10
    2k k
    (b)
    3rd – 2nd: P0 e − P0 e = 20
    3k 2k
    (c)
    (d) Divide the two relations:

    P0 e 3 k − P0 e 2 k 20 P0 e 2 k (e k − 1)
    = ⇔ = 2 ⇔ ek = 2
    P0 e − P0 e
    2k k
    10 P0 e (e − 1)
    k k

    k = ln 2 , so

    P0 e 2 k − P0 e k = 10 ⇒ 4 P0 − 2 P0 = 10 ⇒ 2 P0 = 10 ⇒ P0 = 5

    P0 e k + c = 20 ⇒ 10 + c = 20 ⇒ c = 10

    (e) P = 5e (ln 2 ) t + 10
    9. (a) P0 e k + c = 75 .50 , P0 e 2 k + c = 63 .63 , P0 e 3 k + c = 53 .90
    2nd – 1st : P0 e − P0 e = −11 .87
    2k k
    (b)
    3rd – 2nd: P0 e − P0 e = −9.73
    3k 2k

    Divide the two relations:

    P0 e 3 k − P0 e 2 k − 9.73 P0 e 2 k (e k − 1)
    = ⇔ = 0.81971 ⇔ e k = 0.81971
    P0 e − P0 e
    2k k
    − 11.87 P0 e (e − 1)
    k k

    k = 0.19880 , so k = −0.2 to 1dp

    (c) P0 e 2 k − P0 e k = −11 .87 ⇒ P0 e −0.4 − P0 e −.02 = −11 .87


    ⇒ P0 = 80

    P0 e −0.2 + c = 75 .50 ⇒ 80 e −0.2 + c = 75 .50 ⇒ 80 e −0.2 + c = 75 .50


    ⇒ c = 10

    (d) P = 80 e ( −0.2 t + 10

    2
    B. Paper 2 questions (LONG)

    10. (a) (i) 2420


    (ii) 1420 + 100n > 2000 ⇒ n > 5.8
    1999 (accept 6th year or n = 6)
    (b) (i) 1 200 000(1.025)10 = 1 536 101 (accept 1 540 000 or 1.54(million))

    1 536 101 − 1 200 000


    (ii) × 100 28.0% (accept 28.3% from 1 540 000)
    1200 000

    (iii) 1 200 000(1.025)n > 2 000 000 (accept an equation)


    EITHER directly by GDC n > 20.69 n = 21
     2 
    OR n log 1.025 > log   ⇒ n > 20.69
     1.2 
    2014 (accept 21st year or n = 21)
    1 200 000
    (c) (i) = 845
    1420
    1 200 000(1.025) n
    (ii) < 600 ⇒ n > 14.197 15 years
    1420 + 100n

    11. (a) (i) n=5 T = 280 × 1.125 T = 493


    (ii) 280 × 1.12n = 560, 1.12n = 2
    n = 6.116... in the year 2007
    2560000
    (b) (i) P= = 39 635.993... P = 39 636
    10 + 90 e −0.1(5 )
    2560000
    (ii) P= = 46 806.997...
    10 + 90 e −0.1(7 )
    not doubled P < 51200
    25600
    (c) (i) . , OR , 91.4 OR , 640 : 7
    280
    (ii) 9.31.... after 10 years

    12. (a) V(5) = 10000 × (0.9335) = 7069.8 … = 7070 (3 sf)


    (b) We want t when V = 5000
    5000 =10000 × (0.933)t ⇒ 9.9949 = t
    After 10 minutes 0 seconds, to nearest second (or 600 seconds).
    (c) 0.05 = 0.933t ⇒ t = 43.197 minutes ≈ 3/4 hour
    (d) (i) 10000 – 10000(0.933)0.001 = 0.693
    dV 0.693
    (ii) Initial flow rate = = = 693 = 690 (2 sf)
    dt 0.001
    dV
    OR Later on we may use derivatives to find this rate: = 690 (when t = 0)
    dt

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