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Dear readers, these Java Interview Questions

have been designed especially to get you
acquainted with the nature of questions you
may encounter during your interview for the
subject of Java Programming Language. As per
my experience, good interviewers hardly
planned to ask any particular question during
your interview, normally questions start with
some basic concept of the subject and later
they continue based on further discussion and
what you answer −

What do you know about Java?

Java is a high-level programming language
originally developed by Sun Microsystems and
released in 1995. Java runs on a variety of
platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the
various versions of UNIX.

What are the supported platforms

by Java Programming Language?

Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as

Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of
UNIX/Linux like HP-Unix, Sun Solaris, Redhat
Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, etc.

List any five features of Java?

Some features include Object Oriented,

Platform Independent, Robust, Interpreted,
Multi-threaded

Why is Java Architectural Neutral?

It’s compiler generates an architecture-neutral

object file format, which makes the compiled
code to be executable on many processors,
with the presence of Java runtime system.

How Java enabled High

Performance?

Java uses Just-In-Time compiler to enable high

performance. Just-In-Time compiler is a
program that turns Java bytecode, which is a
program that contains instructions that must be
interpreted into instructions that can be sent
directly to the processor.
 Why Java is considered dynamic?

It is designed to adapt to an evolving

environment. Java programs can carry
extensive amount of run-time information that
can be used to verify and resolve accesses to
objects on run-time.

What is Java Virtual Machine and

how it is considered in context of
Java’s platform independent
feature?

When Java is compiled, it is not compiled into

platform specific machine, rather into platform
independent byte code. This byte code is
distributed over the web and interpreted by
virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it
is being run.

List two Java IDE’s?

Netbeans, Eclipse, etc.

List some Java keywords(unlike C,

C++ keywords)?

Some Java keywords are import, super, finally,

etc.

What do you mean by Object?

Object is a runtime entity and it’s state is stored

in fields and behavior is shown via methods.
Methods operate on an object's internal state
and serve as the primary mechanism for object-
to-object communication.

Define class?

A class is a blue print from which individual

objects are created. A class can contain fields
and methods to describe the behavior of an
object.

What kind of variables a class can

consist of?

A class consist of Local variable, instance

variables and class variables.

What is a Local Variable?

Variables defined inside methods, constructors

or blocks are called local variables. The variable
will be declared and initialized within the
method and it will be destroyed when the
method has completed.

What is a Instance Variable?

Instance variables are variables within a class

but outside any method. These variables are
instantiated when the class is loaded.

What is a Class Variable?

These are variables declared with in a class,

outside any method, with the static keyword.

What is Singleton class?

Singleton class control object creation, limiting
the number to one but allowing the flexibility to
create more objects if the situation changes.

What do you mean by

Constructor?

Constructor gets invoked when a new object is

created. Every class has a constructor. If we do
not explicitly write a constructor for a class the
java compiler builds a default constructor for
that class.

List the three steps for creating an

Object for a class?

An Object is first declared, then instantiated and

then it is initialized.

What is the default value of byte

datatype in Java?

Default value of byte datatype is 0.

What is the default value of float

and double datatype in Java?

Default value of float and double datatype in

different as compared to C/C++. For float its
0.0f and for double it’s 0.0d

When a byte datatype is used?

This data type is used to save space in large

arrays, mainly in place of integers, since a byte
is four times smaller than an int.
 What is a static variable?

Class variables also known as static variables

are declared with the static keyword in a class,
but outside a method, constructor or a block.

What do you mean by Access

Modifier?

Java provides access modifiers to set access

levels for classes, variables, methods and
constructors. A member has package or default
accessibility when no accessibility modifier is
specified.

What is protected access

modifier?

Variables, methods and constructors which are

declared protected in a superclass can be
accessed only by the subclasses in other
package or any class within the package of the
protected members' class.

What do you mean by

synchronized Non Access
Modifier?

Java provides these modifiers for providing

functionalities other than Access Modifiers,
synchronized used to indicate that a method
can be accessed by only one thread at a time.

According to Java Operator

precedence, which operator is
 considered to be with highest
precedence?

Postfix operators i.e () [] . is at the highest

precedence.

Variables used in a switch

statement can be used with which
datatypes?

Variables used in a switch statement can only

be a string, enum, byte, short, int, or char.

When parseInt() method can be

used?

This method is used to get the primitive data

type of a certain String.

Why is String class considered

immutable?

The String class is immutable, so that once it is

created a String object cannot be changed.
Since String is immutable it can safely be
shared between many threads ,which is
considered very important for multithreaded
programming.

Why is StringBuffer called

mutable?

The String class is considered as immutable, so

that once it is created a String object cannot be
changed. If there is a necessity to make alot of
modifications to Strings of characters then
StringBuffer should be used.

What is the difference between

StringBuffer and StringBuilder
class?

Use StringBuilder whenever possible because it

is faster than StringBuffer. But, if thread safety
is necessary then use StringBuffer objects.

Which package is used for pattern

matching with regular
expressions?

java.util.regex package is used for this purpose.

java.util.regex consists of which

classes?

java.util.regex consists of three classes −

Pattern class, Matcher class and
PatternSyntaxException class.

What is finalize() method?

It is possible to define a method that will be

called just before an object's final destruction
by the garbage collector. This method is called
finalize( ), and it can be used to ensure that an
object terminates cleanly.

What is an Exception?

An exception is a problem that arises during the

execution of a program. Exceptions are caught
by handlers positioned along the thread's
method invocation stack.

What do you mean by Checked

Exceptions?

It is an exception that is typically a user error or

a problem that cannot be foreseen by the
programmer. For example, if a file is to be
opened, but the file cannot be found, an
exception occurs. These exceptions cannot
simply be ignored at the time of compilation.

Explain Runtime Exceptions?

It is an exception that occurs that probably

could have been avoided by the programmer.
As opposed to checked exceptions, runtime
exceptions are ignored at the time of
compliation.

Which are the two subclasses

under Exception class?

The Exception class has two main subclasses :

IOException class and RuntimeException Class.

When throws keyword is used?

If a method does not handle a checked

exception, the method must declare it using the
throwskeyword. The throws keyword appears at
the end of a method's signature.

When throw keyword is used?

An exception can be thrown, either a newly
instantiated one or an exception that you just
caught, by using throw keyword.

How finally used under Exception

Handling?

The finally keyword is used to create a block of

code that follows a try block. A finally block of
code always executes, whether or not an
exception has occurred.

What things should be kept in

mind while creating your own
exceptions in Java?

While creating your own exception −

All exceptions must be a child of

Throwable.

If you want to write a checked exception

that is automatically enforced by the
Handle or Declare Rule, you need to extend
the Exception class.

You want to write a runtime exception, you

need to extend the RuntimeException
class.

Define Inheritance?

It is the process where one object acquires the

properties of another. With the use of
inheritance the information is made
manageable in a hierarchical order.

When super keyword is used?

If the method overrides one of its superclass's
methods, overridden method can be invoked
through the use of the keyword super. It can be
also used to refer to a hidden field.

What is Polymorphism?

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take

on many forms. The most common use of
polymorphism in OOP occurs when a parent
class reference is used to refer to a child class
object.

What is Abstraction?

It refers to the ability to make a class abstract

in OOP. It helps to reduce the complexity and
also improves the maintainability of the system.

What is Abstract class?

These classes cannot be instantiated and are

either partially implemented or not at all
implemented. This class contains one or more
abstract methods which are simply method
declarations without a body.

When Abstract methods are used?

If you want a class to contain a particular

method but you want the actual implementation
of that method to be determined by child
classes, you can declare the method in the
parent class as abstract.

What is Encapsulation?
It is the technique of making the fields in a
class private and providing access to the fields
via public methods. If a field is declared private,
it cannot be accessed by anyone outside the
class, thereby hiding the fields within the class.
Therefore encapsulation is also referred to as
data hiding.

What is the primary benefit of

Encapsulation?

The main benefit of encapsulation is the ability

to modify our implemented code without
breaking the code of others who use our code.
With this Encapsulation gives maintainability,
flexibility and extensibility to our code.

What is an Interface?

An interface is a collection of abstract

methods. A class implements an interface,
thereby inheriting the abstract methods of the
interface.

Give some features of Interface?

It includes −

Interface cannot be instantiated

An interface does not contain any
constructors.

All of the methods in an interface are

abstract.

Define Packages in Java?

A Package can be defined as a grouping of
related types(classes, interfaces, enumerations
and annotations ) providing access protection
and name space management.

Why Packages are used?

Packages are used in Java in-order to prevent

naming conflicts, to control access, to make
searching/locating and usage of classes,
interfaces, enumerations and annotations, etc.,
easier.

What do you mean by

Multithreaded program?

A multithreaded program contains two or more

parts that can run concurrently. Each part of
such a program is called a thread, and each
thread defines a separate path of execution.

What are the two ways in which

Thread can be created?

Thread can be created by: implementing

Runnable interface, extending the Thread class.

What is an applet?

An applet is a Java program that runs in a Web

browser. An applet can be a fully functional
Java application because it has the entire Java
API at its disposal.

An applet extend which class?

An applet extends java.applet.Applet class.

 Explain garbage collection in
Java?

It uses garbage collection to free the memory.

By cleaning those objects that is no longer
reference by any of the program.

Define immutable object?

An immutable object can’t be changed once it is

created.

Explain the usage of this() with

constructors?

It is used with variables or methods and used to

call constructer of same class.

Explain Set Interface?

It is a collection of element which cannot

contain duplicate elements. The Set interface
contains only methods inherited from
Collection and adds the restriction that
duplicate elements are prohibited.

Explain TreeSet?

It is a Set implemented when we want elements

in a sorted order.

What is Comparable Interface?

It is used to sort collections and arrays of

objects using the collections.sort() and
java.utils. The objects of the class
implementing the Comparable interface can be
ordered.

Difference between throw and

throws?

It includes:

Throw is used to trigger an exception

where as throws is used in declaration of
exception.

Without throws, Checked exception cannot

be handled where as checked exception
can be propagated with throws.

Explain the following line used

under Java Program −
public static void main (String args[ ])

The following shows the explanation

individually −

public − it is the access specifier.

static − it allows main() to be called

without instantiating a particular instance
of a class.

void − it affirns the compiler that no value

is returned by main().
main() − this method is called at the
beginning of a Java program.

String args[ ] − args parameter is an

instance array of class String
 Define JRE i.e. Java Runtime
Environment?

Java Runtime Environment is an

implementation of the Java Virtual Machine
which executes Java programs. It provides the
minimum requirements for executing a Java
application;

What is JAR file?

JAR files is Java Archive fles and it aggregates

many files into one. It holds Java classes in a
library. JAR files are built on ZIP file format and
have .jar file extension.

What is a WAR file?

This is Web Archive File and used to store XML,

java classes, and JavaServer pages. which is
used to distribute a collection of JavaServer
Pages, Java Servlets, Java classes, XML files,
static Web pages etc.

Define JIT compiler?

It improves the runtime performance of

computer programs based on bytecode.

What is the difference between

object oriented programming
language and object based
programming language?

Object based programming languages follow all

the features of OOPs except Inheritance.
JavaScript is an example of object based
programming languages.

What is the purpose of default

constructor?

The java compiler creates a default constructor

only if there is no constructor in the class.

Can a constructor be made final?

No, this is not possible.

What is static block?

It is used to initialize the static data member, It

is excuted before main method at the time of
classloading.

Define composition?

Holding the reference of the other class within

some other class is known as composition.

What is function overloading?

If a class has multiple functions by same name

but different parameters, it is known as Method
Overloading.

What is function overriding?

If a subclass provides a specific

implementation of a method that is already
provided by its parent class, it is known as
Method Overriding.
 Difference between Overloading
and Overriding?

Method overloading increases the readability of

the program. Method overriding provides the
specific implementation of the method that is
already provided by its super class parameter
must be different in case of overloading,
parameter must be same in case of overriding.

What is final class?

Final classes are created so the methods

implemented by that class cannot be
overridden. It can’t be inherited.

What is NullPointerException?

A NullPointerException is thrown when calling

the instance method of a null object, accessing
or modifying the field of a null object etc.

What are the ways in which a

thread can enter the waiting state?

A thread can enter the waiting state by invoking

its sleep() method, by blocking on IO, by
unsuccessfully attempting to acquire an
object's lock, or by invoking an object's wait()
method. It can also enter the waiting state by
invoking its (deprecated) suspend() method.

How does multi-threading take

place on a computer with a single
CPU?
The operating system's task scheduler
allocates execution time to multiple tasks. By
quickly switching between executing tasks, it
creates the impression that tasks execute
sequentially.

What invokes a thread's run()

method?

After a thread is started, via its start() method

of the Thread class, the JVM invokes the
thread's run() method when the thread is
initially executed.

Does it matter in what order catch

statements for
FileNotFoundException and
IOException are written?

Yes, it does. The FileNoFoundException is

inherited from the IOException. Exception's
subclasses have to be caught first.

What is the difference between

yielding and sleeping?

When a task invokes its yield() method, it

returns to the ready state. When a task invokes
its sleep() method, it returns to the waiting
state.

Why Vector class is used?

The Vector class provides the capability to

implement a growable array of objects. Vector
proves to be very useful if you don't know the
size of the array in advance, or you just need
one that can change sizes over the lifetime of a
program.

How many bits are used to

represent Unicode, ASCII, UTF-16,
and UTF-8 characters?

Unicode requires 16 bits and ASCII require 7

bits. Although the ASCII character set uses only
7 bits, it is usually represented as 8 bits. UTF-8
represents characters using 8, 16, and 18 bit
patterns. UTF-16 uses 16-bit and larger bit
patterns.

What are Wrapper classes?

These are classes that allow primitive types to

be accessed as objects. Example: Integer,
Character, Double, Boolean etc.

What is the difference between a

Window and a Frame?

The Frame class extends Window to define a

main application window that can have a menu
bar.

Which package has light weight

components?

javax.Swing package. All components in Swing,

except JApplet, JDialog, JFrame and JWindow
are lightweight components.
 What is the difference between
the paint() and repaint() methods?

The paint() method supports painting via a

Graphics object. The repaint() method is used
to cause paint() to be invoked by the AWT
painting thread.

What is the purpose of File class?

It is used to create objects that provide access

to the files and directories of a local file system.

What is the difference between

the Reader/Writer class hierarchy
and the
InputStream/OutputStream class
hierarchy?

The Reader/Writer class hierarchy is character-

oriented, and the InputStream/OutputStream
class hierarchy is byte-oriented.

Which class should you use to

obtain design information about
an object?

The Class class is used to obtain information

about an object's design and java.lang.Class
class instance represent classes, interfaces in a
running Java application.

What is the difference between

static and non-static variables?
A static variable is associated with the class as
a whole rather than with specific instances of a
class. Non-static variables take on unique
values with each object instance.

What is Serialization and

deserialization?

Serialization is the process of writing the state

of an object to a byte stream. Deserialization is
the process of restoring these objects.

What are use cases?

It is part of the analysis of a program and

describes a situation that a program might
encounter and what behavior the program
should exhibit in that circumstance.

Explain the use of sublass in a

Java program?

Sub class inherits all the public and protected

methods and the implementation. It also
inherits all the default modifier methods and
their implementation.

How to add menushortcut to

menu item?

If there is a button instance called b1, you may

add menu short cut by calling
b1.setMnemonic('F'), so the user may be able to
use Alt+F to click the button.
 Can you write a Java class that
could be used both as an applet
as well as an application?

Yes, just add a main() method to the applet.

What is the difference between

Swing and AWT components?

AWT components are heavy-weight, whereas

Swing components are lightweight. Heavy
weight components depend on the local
windowing toolkit. For example, java.awt.Button
is a heavy weight component, when it is running
on the Java platform for Unix platform, it maps
to a real Motif button.

What's the difference between

constructors and other methods?

Constructors must have the same name as the

class and can not return a value. They are only
called once while regular methods could be
called many times.

Is there any limitation of using

Inheritance?

Yes, since inheritance inherits everything from

the super class and interface, it may make the
subclass too clustering and sometimes error-
prone when dynamic overriding or dynamic
overloading in some situation.
 When is the ArrayStoreException
thrown?

When copying elements between different

arrays, if the source or destination arguments
are not arrays or their types are not compatible,
an ArrayStoreException will be thrown.

Can you call one constructor from

another if a class has multiple
constructors?

Yes, use this() syntax.

What's the difference between the

methods sleep() and wait()?

The code sleep(2000); puts thread aside for

exactly two seconds. The code wait(2000),
causes a wait of up to two second. A thread
could stop waiting earlier if it receives the
notify() or notifyAll() call. The method wait() is
defined in the class Object and the method
sleep() is defined in the class Thread.

When ArithmeticException is
thrown?

The ArithmeticException is thrown when integer

is divided by zero or taking the remainder of a
number by zero. It is never thrown in floating-
point operations.

What is a transient variable?

A transient variable is a variable that may not be
serialized during Serialization and which is
initialized by its default value during de-
serialization,

What is synchronization?

Synchronization is the capability to control the

access of multiple threads to shared resources.
synchronized keyword in java provides locking
which ensures mutual exclusive access of
shared resource and prevent data race.

What is the Collections API?

The Collections API is a set of classes and

interfaces that support operations on
collections of objects.

Does garbage collection

guarantee that a program will not
run out of memory?

Garbage collection does not guarantee that a

program will not run out of memory. It is
possible for programs to use up memory
resources faster than they are garbage
collected. It is also possible for programs to
create objects that are not subject to garbage
collection.

The immediate superclass of the

Applet class?

Panel is the immediate superclass. A panel

provides space in which an application can
attach any other component, including other
panels.

Which Java operator is right

associative?

The = operator is right associative.

What is the difference between a

break statement and a continue
statement?

A break statement results in the termination of

the statement to which it applies (switch, for,
do, or while). A continue statement is used to
end the current loop iteration and return control
to the loop statement.

If a variable is declared as private,

where may the variable be
accessed?

A private variable may only be accessed within

the class in which it is declared.

What is the purpose of the System

class?

The purpose of the System class is to provide

access to system resources.

List primitive Java types?

The eight primitive types are byte, char, short,

int, long, float, double, and boolean.
 What is the relationship between
clipping and repainting under
AWT?

When a window is repainted by the AWT

painting thread, it sets the clipping regions to
the area of the window that requires repainting.

Which class is the immediate

superclass of the Container class?

Component class is the immediate super class.

What class of exceptions are

generated by the Java run-time
system?

The Java runtime system generates

RuntimeException and Error exceptions.

Under what conditions is an

object's finalize() method invoked
by the garbage collector?

The garbage collector invokes an object's

finalize() method when it detects that the object
has become unreachable.

How can a dead thread be

restarted?

A dead thread cannot be restarted.

 Which arithmetic operations can
result in the throwing of an
ArithmeticException?

Integer / and % can result in the throwing of an

ArithmeticException.

Variable of the boolean type is

automatically initialized as?

The default value of the boolean type is false.

Can try statements be nested?

Yes

What are ClassLoaders?

A class loader is an object that is responsible

for loading classes. The class ClassLoader is
an abstract class.

What is the difference between an

Interface and an Abstract class?

An abstract class can have instance methods

that implement a default behavior. An Interface
can only declare constants and instance
methods, but cannot implement default
behavior and all methods are implicitly abstract.
An interface has all public members and no
implementation.

What will happen if static modifier

is removed from the signature of
 the main method?

Program throws "NoSuchMethodError" error at

runtime.

What is the default value of an

object reference declared as an
instance variable?

Null, unless it is defined explicitly.

Can a top level class be private or

protected?

No, a top level class can not be private or

protected. It can have either "public" or no
modifier.

Why do we need wrapper classes?

We can pass them around as method

parameters where a method expects an object.
It also provides utility methods.

What is the difference between

error and an exception?

An error is an irrecoverable condition occurring

at runtime. Such as OutOfMemory error.
Exceptions are conditions that occur because
of bad input etc. e.g. FileNotFoundException
will be thrown if the specified file does not exist.

Is it necessary that each try block

must be followed by a catch
block?
It is not necessary that each try block must be
followed by a catch block. It should be followed
by either a catch block or a finally block.

When a thread is created and

started, what is its initial state?

A thread is in the ready state as initial state

after it has been created and started.

What is the Locale class?

The Locale class is used to tailor program

output to the conventions of a particular
geographic, political, or cultural region.

What are synchronized methods

and synchronized statements?

Synchronized methods are methods that are

used to control access to an object. A
synchronized statement can only be executed
after a thread has acquired the lock for the
object or class referenced in the synchronized
statement.

What is runtime polymorphism or

dynamic method dispatch?

Runtime polymorphism or dynamic method

dispatch is a process in which a call to an
overridden method is resolved at runtime rather
than at compile-time. In this process, an
overridden method is called through the
reference variable of a superclass.
 What is Dynamic Binding(late
binding)?

Binding refers to the linking of a procedure call

to the code to be executed in response to the
call. Dynamic binding means that the code
associated with a given procedure call is not
known until the time of the call at run-time.

Can constructor be inherited?

No, constructor cannot be inherited.

What are the advantages of

ArrayList over arrays?

ArrayList can grow dynamically and provides

more powerful insertion and search
mechanisms than arrays.

Why deletion in LinkedList is fast

than ArrayList?

Deletion in linked list is fast because it involves

only updating the next pointer in the node
before the deleted node and updating the
previous pointer in the node after the deleted
node.

How do you decide when to use

ArrayList and LinkedList?

If you need to frequently add and remove

elements from the middle of the list and only
access the list elements sequentially, then
LinkedList should be used. If you need to
support random access, without inserting or
removing elements from any place other than
the end, then ArrayList should be used.

What is a Values Collection View ?

It is a collection returned by the values()

method of the Map Interface, It contains all the
objects present as values in the map.

What is dot operator?

The dot operator(.) is used to access the

instance variables and methods of class
objects.It is also used to access classes and
sub-packages from a package.

Where and how can you use a

private constructor?

Private constructor is used if you do not want

other classes to instantiate the object and to
prevent subclassing.T

What is type casting?

Type casting means treating a variable of one

type as though it is another type.

Describe life cycle of thread?

A thread is a execution in a program. The life

cycle of a thread include −

Newborn state
Runnable state
Running state
Blocked state
 Dead state

What is the difference between

the >> and >>> operators?

The >> operator carries the sign bit when

shifting right. The >>> zero-fills bits that have
been shifted out.

Which method of the Component

class is used to set the position
and size of a component?

setBounds() method is used for this purpose.

What is the range of the short

type?

The range of the short type is -(2^15) to 2^15 -

1.

What is the immediate superclass

of Menu?

MenuItem class

Does Java allow Default

Arguments?

No, Java does not allow Default Arguments.

Which number is denoted by

leading zero in java?
Octal Numbers are denoted by leading zero in
java, example: 06

Which number is denoted by

leading 0x or 0X in java?

Hexadecimal Numbers are denoted by leading

0x or 0X in java, example − 0XF

Break statement can be used as

labels in Java?

Yes, an example can be break one;

Where import statement is used in

a Java program?

Import statement is allowed at the beginning of

the program file after package statement.

Explain suspend() method under

Thread class>

It is used to pause or temporarily stop the

execution of the thread.

Explain isAlive() method under

Thread class?

It is used to find out whether a thread is still

running or not.

What is currentThread()?

It is a public static method used to obtain a

reference to the current thread.
 Explain main thread under Thread
class execution?

The main thread is created automatically and it

begins to execute immediately when a program
starts. It ia thread from which all other child
threads originate.

Life cycle of an applet includes

which steps?

Life cycle involves the following steps −

Initialization

Starting

Stopping
Destroying

Painting

Why is the role of init() method

under applets?

It initializes the applet and is the first method to

be called.

Which method is called by Applet

class to load an image?

getImage(URL object, filename) is used for this

purpose.

Define code as an attribute of

Applet?
It is used to specify the name of the applet
class.

Define canvas?

It is a simple drawing surface which are used

for painting images or to perform other
graphical operations.

Define Network Programming?

It refers to writing programs that execute

across multiple devices (computers), in which
the devices are all connected to each other
using a network.

What is a Socket?

Sockets provide the communication

mechanism between two computers using TCP.
A client program creates a socket on its end of
the communication and attempts to connect
that socket to a server.

Advantages of Java Sockets?

Sockets are flexible and sufficient. Efficient

socket based programming can be easily
implemented for general communications. It
cause low network traffic.

Disadvantages of Java Sockets?

Socket based communications allows only to

send packets of raw data between applications.
Both the client-side and server-side have to
provide mechanisms to make the data useful in
any way.

Which class is used by server

applications to obtain a port and
listen for client requests?

java.net.ServerSocket class is used by server

applications to obtain a port and listen for client
requests

Which class represents the socket

that both the client and server use
to communicate with each other?

java.net.Socket class represents the socket that

both the client and server use to communicate
with each other.

Why Generics are used in Java?

Generics provide compile-time type safety that

allows programmers to catch invalid types at
compile time. Java Generic methods and
generic classes enable programmers to specify,
with a single method declaration, a set of
related methods or, with a single class
declaration, a set of related types.

What environment variables do I

need to set on my machine in
order to be able to run Java
programs?

CLASSPATH and PATH are the two variables.

 Is there any need to import
java.lang package?

No, there is no need to import this package. It is

by default loaded internally by the JVM.

What is Nested top-level class?

If a class is declared within a class and specify

the static modifier, the compiler treats the class
just like any other top-level class. Nested top-
level class is an Inner class.

What is Externalizable interface?

Externalizable is an interface which contains

two methods readExternal and writeExternal.
These methods give you a control over the
serialization mechanism.

If System.exit (0); is written at the

end of the try block, will the finally
block still execute?

No in this case the finally block will not execute

because when you say System.exit (0); the
control immediately goes out of the program,
and thus finally never executes.

What is daemon thread?

Daemon thread is a low priority thread, which

runs intermittently in the back ground doing the
garbage collection operation for the java
runtime system.
 Which method is used to create
the daemon thread?

setDaemon method is used to create a daemon

thread.

Which method must be

implemented by all threads?

All tasks must implement the run() method

What is the GregorianCalendar

class?

The GregorianCalendar provides support for

traditional Western calendars

What is the SimpleTimeZone

class?

The SimpleTimeZone class provides support

for a Gregorian calendar .

What is the difference between

the size and capacity of a Vector?

The size is the number of elements actually

stored in the vector, while capacity is the
maximum number of elements it can store at a
given instance of time.

Can a vector contain

heterogenous objects?
Yes a Vector can contain heterogenous objects.
Because a Vector stores everything in terms of
Object.

What is an enumeration?

An enumeration is an interface containing

methods for accessing the underlying data
structure from which the enumeration is
obtained. It allows sequential access to all the
elements stored in the collection.

What is difference between Path

and Classpath?

Path and Classpath are operating system level

environment variales. Path is defines where the
system can find the executables(.exe) files and
classpath is used to specify the location of
.class files.

Can a class declared as private be

accessed outside it's package?

No, it's not possible to accessed outside it's

package.

What are the restriction imposed

on a static method or a static
block of code?

A static method should not refer to instance

variables without creating an instance and
cannot use "this" operator to refer the instance.
 Can an Interface extend another
Interface?

Yes an Interface can inherit another Interface,

for that matter an Interface can extend more
than one Interface.

Which object oriented Concept is

achieved by using overloading and
overriding?

Polymorphism

What is an object's lock and which

object's have locks?

An object's lock is a mechanism that is used by

multiple threads to obtain synchronized access
to the object. A thread may execute a
synchronized method of an object only after it
has acquired the object's lock.

What is Downcasting?

It is the casting from a general to a more

specific type, i.e. casting down the hierarchy.

What are order of precedence and

associativity and how are they
used?

Order of precedence determines the order in

which operators are evaluated in expressions.
Associatity determines whether an expression
is evaluated left-to-right or right-to-left.
 If a method is declared as
protected, where may the method
be accessed?

A protected method may only be accessed by

classes or interfaces of the same package or by
subclasses of the class in which it is declared.

What is the difference between

inner class and nested class?

When a class is defined within a scope of

another class, then it becomes inner class. If
the access modifier of the inner class is static,
then it becomes nested class.

What restrictions are placed on

method overriding?

Overridden methods must have the same name,

argument list, and return type. The overriding
method may not limit the access of the method
it overrides.

What is constructor chaining and

how is it achieved in Java?

A child object constructor always first needs to

construct its parent. In Java it is done via an
implicit call to the no-args constructor as the
first statement.

Can a double value be cast to a

byte?
Yes, a double value can be cast to a byte.

How does a try statement

determine which catch clause
should be used to handle an
exception?

When an exception is thrown within the body of

a try statement, the catch clauses of the try
statement are examined in the order in which
they appear. The first catch clause that is
capable of handling the exception is executed.
The remaining catch clauses are ignored.

What will be the default values of

all the elements of an array
defined as an instance variable?

If the array is an array of primitive types, then all

the elements of the array will be initialized to
the default value corresponding to that primitive
type.

What is Next?
Further, you can go through your past
assignments you have done with the subject
and make sure you are able to speak
confidently on them. If you are fresher then
interviewer does not expect you will answer
very complex questions, rather you have to
make your basics concepts very strong.

Second it really doesn't matter much if you

could not answer few questions but it matters
that whatever you answered, you must have
answered with confidence. So just feel
confident during your interview. We at
tutorialspoint wish you best luck to have a good
interviewer and all the very best for your future
endeavor. Cheers :-)

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