8

Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 8 – Module 8.1
Illustrating System
of Linear Equations in Two
Variables – M8AL-Ih-1
\
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1– Module 8.1: Illustrating System of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment
of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: RIGOR B. BUENO I

Editors: NERISSA A. MORTEGA

EFLEDA C. DOLZ
HILDA J. CARLET
DIOLETA B. BORAIS

Reviewer: LILLI ANN HERMOGENES

Illustrator/ Layout Artist: MARISOL B. BOSEO

 GRADE 8 (QUARTER 1)
Module 8.1

ILLUSTRATING SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

IN TWO VARIABLES

I. Introduction
This module will help you understand the System of Linear
Equations and their graphs. As you go through this module, think of
the following important question, “How is the system of linear
equations in two variables used in solving real – life problems and in
making decisions?” To find the answer, perform each Practical Task.
If you find difficulty in answering the practical tasks, seek the
assistance of your teacher or your peers or refer to the modules you
have gone over earlier. To check your work, refer to the answer key
provided at the end of this module.

II. Objective
In this learning module, the students must be able to illustrate
a system of linear equations in two variables.

III. Vocabulary List

Coinciding Lines – overlapping lines

Consistent and Dependent System - a system of linear equation
having infinitely many solutions. The slopes of the lines defined by
the equations are equal and their y – intercepts are also equal and
their graphs coincide.
Consistent and Independent System - a system of linear
equations having exactly one solution. The slopes of the lines
defined by the equations are not equal, their y – intercepts could
be equal or unequal, and their graphs intersect at exactly one
point.
Inconsistent System - a system of linear equation having no
solution. The slopes of the lines defined by the equations are equal
or both lines have no lines, their y – intercepts are not equal, and
their graphs are parallel.
Intersecting Lines – lines that meet at exactly one point.
Parallel Lines – coplanar lines that do not intersect.
Solution - the coordinates of all points of intersection of the graphs
of the equations in the system whose coordinates must satisfy all
equations in the system.

1
 System of Linear Equations – also called as simultaneous
linear equations. A set or collection of linear equations, all of
which must be satisfied.

IV. Pre-Test
Read each item carefully and encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is a system of linear of linear equations in
two variables?
a. 2x – 7y = 8 c. 4x + 1 <3

3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −2 𝑥 + 9𝑦 = 2
b. { d. {
𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 9 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 > 12

2. How do you call a system of linear equation in two variables

having exactly one solution?
a. System of inconsistent equations
b. System of consistent equations
c. System of consistent and independent equations
d. System of consistent and dependent equations

3. How many solutions do systems of equations has/have if their

graphs are parallel?
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. infinite

4. How will you describe the graph of an inconsistent system of

linear equations?
a. coinciding lines c. half- planes
b. intersecting lines d. parallel lines

5. In the graph of a consistent and independent system of linear

equations, where can you find the solution?
a. At the intersection point. c. At a random point on each line.
b. At the slope of each line. d. It can’t be determined.

V. Learning Activities:

Learning Situation #1

Equations like 𝑥– 𝑦 = 7 and 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8 are called Simultaneous

Linear Equations or a System of Linear Equations if we want them
to be true for the same pair of numbers.

The solution of such equations is an ordered pair of numbers that

satisfies both equations. The solution set of a system of linear
equations in two variables is the set of all ordered pairs of real

2
numbers that makes every equation in the system true. The given
𝑥−𝑦=7
system of linear equation can be written as: {
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 8.

Let us understand systems of linear equations in two variables by

illustrating examples.

4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1 This is an example of a linear equation in two

{
7𝑥 − 𝑦 = −2 variables since both are linear equalities.

x + 3y = 2 This is not a system of linear equation in two

variables since it is only one equation.

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 This is not a system of linear equation in two

{
3𝑥 − 𝑦 > 8 variables since 3x – y > 8 is a linear inequality.

2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 5 This is not a system of linear equation in two

{ variables since 2x + y + z = 5 involves three
3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 8
variables.

Learning Situation #2

The solution of a system of linear equations can be

determined algebraically or graphically. To find the solution
graphically, graph both equations on a Cartesian plane then find
the point of intersection of the graphs, if it exists. The solution to a
system of linear equations corresponds to the coordinates of the
points of intersection of the graphs of the equations.

The solution of a system of linear equations can be

determined algebraically or graphically. To find the solution
graphically, graph both equations on a Cartesian plane then find
the point of intersection of the graphs, if it exists. The solution to a
system of linear equations corresponds to the coordinates of the
points of intersection of the graphs of the equations.

Figure 1 shows the graph of a

system of linear equation that are
intersecting lines. Notice that it has a
point of intersection. It is called the
solution of the system of linear equations.
Therefore for figure 1, point A is the
solution.

Figure 1 3
Figure 2 shows the graph of system
of linear equations that are parallel
lines. Observe that the lines do not
intersect, therefore, the given system
of linear equation has no solution.

Figure 2

Figure 3 illustrates the graph of a

system of linear equations that are
coinciding lines. The points on the first
line are also the points on the second
line. Therefore for figure 3, it has
infinitely many solutions. Points A, B, C,
D, E and F are some of the solution set
of the given system.

Figure 3

In summary:
A system of linear equations has:
a. only one solution if their graphs intersect
b. no solution if their graphs do not intersect
c. infinitely many solutions if their graphs coincide.

Learning Situation #3
There are three (3) kinds of system of linear equations in two variables
according to the number of solutions.
1. System of Consistent and Independent Equations
2. System of Consistent and Dependent Equations
3. System of Inconsistent Equations

Let us differentiate the 3 kinds by illustrating examples.

4
 1. System of Consistent and Independent Equations

This is a system of linear equations having

exactly one solution and their graphs
intersect.

Example: The system of equations

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
{
3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 9
is consistent and independent.

2. System of Consistent and Dependent Equations

This is a system of linear equations having

infinitely many solutions and their graphs
coincide.

Example: The system of equations

𝑥−𝑦=5
{
2𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 10
is consistent and independent.

3. System of Inconsistent Equations

This is a system of linear equations having

no solution and their graphs are parallel.

Example: The system of equations

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = −6
{
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 10
is consistent and independent.

VI. Practice Exercises:

Practice Task 1:

Tell whether the following illustrate a system of linear equations in two

variables. Write S if yes and NS if not.

𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −2
1. {
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 12

5
 3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 2
2. {
3𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ −9

𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −7
3. {
𝑥 − 5𝑦 < 8

4𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0
4. {
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 6

5. -2x + y = 14

Practice Task 2:
Describe the solution set of the system of linear equations in two
variables as shown by the following graphs.

Practice Task 3
Complete the table.

Number of
Kind of System Graph
Solutions

1. Consistent and Independent

2. Consistent and Dependent

3. Inconsistent

6
VII. Post Test:

Read each item carefully and encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is a system of linear equation in two variables?
𝑥 − 11𝑦 < 3 3𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 4
a.{ c. {
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≤ 1 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 9

b. x + y = 4 d. 7x - 5y > -6

2. How do you call a system of linear equation in two variables having

no solution?
a. System of inconsistent equations
b. System of consistent equations
c. System of consistent and independent equations
d. System of consistent and dependent equations

3. How many solutions do systems of equations has/have if their

graphs coincide?
a. no solution c. infinitely many
b. exactly one d. two solutions

4. How will you describe the graph of consistent and independent

system of linear equations?
a. coinciding lines c. half- planes
b. intersecting lines d. parallel lines

5. In the graph of a consistent and independent system of linear

equations, where can you find the solution?
a. At the intersection point. c. At a random point on each line.
b. At the slope of each line. d. It can’t be determined.

6. Describe the solution of the system of linear equations as shown by

the given graph.
a. no solution
b. exactly one
c. infinite/many
d. two solutions

7. All are systems of linear equations except,

𝑥 − 11𝑦 = 3 3𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 4
a.{ b. {
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≤ 1 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 9

𝑥+𝑦=1 𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 16
c. { d. {
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 0 8𝑥 − 𝑦 = 21

8. Which of the following graphs of a system of linear equation has no

solutions?
a. coinciding b. concurrent c. intersecting d. parallel

7
 9. All can be the number of solutions of a system of linear equation
except,
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. infinite

10. How will you describe the graph of an inconsistent system of linear
equations?
a. coinciding lines c. half- planes
b. intersecting lines d. parallel lines

VIII. Assignment:

Give 3 examples of system of linear equations in two variables.

ANSWER KEY:
Pre -Test
1. b 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. a
Practical Task 1
1. S 2. NS 3. NS 4. S 5. NS
Practical Task 2
1. Exactly one solution
2. Infinitely many solution
3. No solution
4. Exactly one solution
Practical Task 3

Kind of System Number of Graph

Solutions

1. Consistent and Independent 1 Intersecting Lines

2. Consistent and Dependent 0 Coinciding Lines

3. Inconsistent Infinite Parallel Lines

Post -Test
1. c 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. a
6. c 7. a 8. d 9. c 10. d

8
References:

Detailed Daily Lesson Plan in Math 8 , pp. 200-211.

Mathematics 8 Learner’s Material for Open High School Program, pp. 120-122