Grade 12 – CHM 71

Topic 1 – Practice Questions – AK

 Subtopic 1.1 – Energy and the flow of Energy

1. Which of the following is/are a form of energy that flows from a warmer to a cooler object?
I. Temperature
II. Pressure
III. Heat

A. I only
B. II only
√ C. III only
D. I and II only

2. Which of the following is/are not a unit of temperature?

I. K
II. °C
III. J/K

A. I only
B. II only
√ C. III only
D. I and II only

3. Which of the following can be expressed in J/K.mol?

A. Entropy
B. Gibb’s free energy
√ C. Molar heat capacity
D. Specific heat capacity

4. What is the amount of heat absorbed by 5.00 g of water when heated from 2.00℃ to 22.0℃?
(Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J/g.oC)

A. 41.8 J
B. 100. J
√ C. 418 J
D. 460. J

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 1 Grade 12 – CHM 71

 Use the following information to answer questions 5 – 7.
A student mixed 10. g of calcium carbonate pebbles, CaCO3, with 50. mL of 1.0 M hydrochloric aicd
solution, HCl, in a conical flask as shown in the figure below.

5. Which of the following is/are part of the system in this experiment?

A. Conical flask and HCl

√ B. CaCO3 pebbles and HCl
C. CaCO3 pebbles only
D. Conical flask only

6. Which of the following is/are part of the surroundings in this experiment?

A. Conical flask and HCl

B. CaCO3 pebbles and HCl

√ C. Conical flask only

D. HCl solution only

7. Which of the following is/are part of the universe in this experiment?

I. Air
II. Conical flask
III. HCl solution
IV. CaCO3 pebbles

A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I, II and III only
√ D. I, II, III and IV

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 2 Grade 12 – CHM 71

8. When a reaction releases heat, the energy changes from __________ and it will be described as a(n)
______ reaction.

A. heat to chemical potential endothermic

√ B. chemical to heat exothermic

C. potential to thermal endothermic

D. heat to potential exothermic

9. When a reaction absorbs heat, the energy changes from __________ and it will be described as a(n)
______ reaction.

√ A. heat to chemical potential endothermic

B. chemical to heat exothermic

C. potential to thermal endothermic

D. heat to potential exothermic

10. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 45.00 g of water from 40.0℃ to 70.0℃?
(Specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/g℃)

A. 2.786 J
B. 10.45 J
C. 1350. J
√ D. 5643 J

11. Thermochemistry is the study of ___________________.

A. reaction rates
B. combustion reactions
C. stoichiometry relationships
√ D. heat transfer during reactions

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 3 Grade 12 – CHM 71

12. A sample of glass that has a mass of 6.0 g gives off 12 J of heat. If the temperature of the sample
changes by 4.0C during this change, what is the specific heat of the glass?

√ A. 0.50 J/g.℃
B. 1.0 J/g.℃
C. 2.0 J/g.℃
D. 3.0 J/g.℃

13. A 34.4 g sample of ethanol (Specific heat capacity 2.44 J/g.℃) increases from 25.0oC to 78.8oC. the
amount of heat absorbed by ethanol is ______________ J.

A. 1.20 × 103
B. 2.10 × 103
√ C. 4.52 × 103
D. 6.6.1 × 103

14. A 155 g sample of substance X was heated from 35.0℃ to 50.0℃. During the process, the
substance absorbed 5696 J. Answer questions a and b.

a) Calculate the specific heat capacity of substance X.

Q = m × c × ∆T
5696 = 155 × c × (50.0 – 35.0)
c = 2.45 J/g.℃

b) Which of the following chemical could be substance X? Tick one box only.

Ice, 2.03 J/g.℃

Barium, 0.204 J/g.℃

Ethanol, 2.44 J/g.℃ √

15. How much heat is absorbed by a 95 g of ethanol sample (specific heat capacity = 2.419 J/g.℃) to
raise its temperature from 25.0°C to 28.0°C?

Q = m × c × ∆T
= 95 × 2.419 × (28.0 – 25.0)
= 95 × 2.419 × 3.0 = 6.9⨯102 J

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 4 Grade 12 – CHM 71

 Subtopic 1.2 – Measuring and Expressing Energy Changes

1. A 32 grams of a piece of silver (specific heat capacity = 0.240 J/g.℃) is heated to a temperature of
92°C .The piece of silver was then immersed in an insulated cup containing 25 mL of water
(density of water 1.0 g/mL) at an initial temperature, t.
If the final temperature of the mixture is 41°C, what is the initial temperature, t, in ℃ of the sample
of water?

A. 25
B. 27
√ C. 37
D. 41

2. Which of the following reactions represents the enthalpy of combustion of ammonia gas, NH3?

A. N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) → 2 NH3 (g)

B. 2 NH3 (g) → N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)

C. NH4Cl (s) → NH3 (g) + HCl (g)

5 3
√ D. NH3(g) + O2 (g) → NO (g) + H2O (g)
4 2

3. Nitrogen and oxygen gases react to produce nitrogen dioxide gas according to the given
thermochemical equation:

N2 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → 2 NO2 (g) ∆Ho= + 67.6 kJ

Which of the following reactions has an enthalpy of – 33.8 kJ?

A. N2 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → 2 NO2 (g)

1
B. N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g)
2
1
√ C. NO2 (g) → N2 (g) + O2 (g)
2

D. N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g)

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 5 Grade 12 – CHM 71

4. Given the below thermochemical reaction:

4 NO (g) + 6 H2 (g) → 4 NH3 + 2 O2 (g) ∆Ho = +1170 kJ

What is the quantity of heat associated with the consumption of three moles of hydrogen gas?

A. − 585 kJ
B. +117 kJ
√ C. + 585 kJ
D. − 1170 kJ

5. Given the thermochemical equation below, the quantity of heat associated with the formation of
two moles of NH3 (g) is ____________.

4 NO (g) + 6 H2O (g) → 4 NH3 + 5 O2 (g) ∆Ho= + 1170 kJ

A. − 585 kJ
B. + 117 kJ
√ C. + 585 kJ
D. − 1170 kJ

6. Nitrogen and oxygen gases react to produce nitrogen dioxide gas according to the given
thermochemical equation:

N2 (g) +2 O2 (g) → 2 NO2 (g) ∆Ho = + 67.6 kJ

1
What is the enthalpy of the reaction: N2 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g)?
2

A. − 67.6 kJ
√ B. + 33.8 kJ
C. + 65.6 kJ
D. + 67.6 kJ

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 6 Grade 12 – CHM 71

7. The reaction below shows the formation of hydrogen bromide gas form hydrogen and bromine
gases.
H2 (g) + Br2 (g) → 2 HBr (g) ∆Ho= −72 kJ

When three moles of HBr gas decompose to produce hydrogen and bromine gases, ______________ kJ
are __________________.

A. 36 absorbed

B. 36 released

C. 72 released

√ D. 108 absorbed

8. The reaction below shows the formation of hydrogen bromide gas form hydrogen and bromine
gases.
H2 (g) + Br2 (g) → 2 HBr (g) ∆Ho= −72 kJ

When one mole of HBr gas decomposes to produce hydrogen and bromine gases, ___________ kJ are
__________________.

√ A. 36 absorbed

B. 36 released

C. 72 released

D. 72 absorbed

9. How much energy is released when 34.80 g CH4 completely reacts with O2(g) according to the
following reaction?
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O + 890.2 kJ

A. 409.3 kJ
√ B. 1931 kJ
C. 1939 kJ
D. 14240 kJ

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 7 Grade 12 – CHM 71

10. A 25 gram block of an unknown metal X was heated to 95°C then immersed in 13 mL of water
(density = 1.0 g/mL) at 25°C. When the two substances reach equilibrium, the final temperature is
32°C. Answer questions a and b.

a) On the diagram above, draw an arrow showing the direction of the heat transfer.

b) Calculate the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal.

q metal = − q water

𝑚 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 × 𝐶 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 = −( 𝑚 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐶 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × ∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟)

mass of water = density × volume = 1.0 × 13 = 13 g

25 × Cmetal × (32 – 95) = − (13 × 4.184 × (32 – 25))

Solve for Cmetal

Cmetal = 0.24 J/g.℃

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 8 Grade 12 – CHM 71

11. A 100. g block of gold heated to 78℃ is placed in a calorimeter containing 40.0 g of water at initial
temperature of 21℃. If the specific heat capacity of gold is 0.129 J/g.℃, calculate the final
temperature of the mixture.

q metal = − q water

𝑚 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 × 𝐶 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 × ∆𝑇𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑙 = −( 𝑚 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐶 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × ∆𝑇𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟)

100. × 0.129 × (Tfinal –78) = − (40.0 × 4.184 × (Tfinal – 21))

Solve for Tfinal

Tfinal = 25℃

12. The data below shows the thermochemical reaction of the combustion of ethene gas, C2H4.

C2H4 (g)  3 O2 (g)  2 CO2 (g)  2 H2O (l) H   1411 kJ

Deduce the value of enthalpies, in kJ, for each of the following thermochemical equations.

2CO2(g)  2H2O(l)  C2H4(g) 3O2(g) __________________ 1411 kJ

1 3
CO2(g)  H2O(l)  C2H4(g)  O2(g) __________________ 7055 kJ
2 2

1 3
C2H4(g)  O2(g)  CO2(g)  H2O(l) __________________ 7055 kJ
2 2

13. The data below shows the thermochemical reaction of the Haber process for the production of
ammonia.
N2 (g)  3 H2 (g)  2 NH3 (g) H   918 kJ

Deduce the value of enthalpies, in kJ, for each of the following thermochemical equations.

2 N2 (g)  6 H2 (g)  4 NH3 (g) __________________  184

1 3
NH3 (g)  N2 (g)  H2 (g) __________________  459
2 2

1 3
N2 (g)  H2 (g)  NH3 (g) __________________  459
2 2

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 9 Grade 12 – CHM 71

14. Consider the energy profile below to answer questions a – d.

a) According to the above diagram, is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Justify your answer.

Endothermic
The enthalpy of product is greater than of enthalpy of the reactant

b) What is the value of the enthalpy of product?

300 kJ

c) A student wanted to find the activation energy of the above reaction so he found the difference
between M and N. Is he correct? Justify your answer?

No
Since M is the activation energy of the activated complex or it will represent the activation energy
of the revers (backward) reaction.

d) Write the letter that best identifies each of the following.

 Reactant: ___________ X

 Product: ___________ 𝑍

 Activated complex: ___________ Y

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 10 Grade 12 – CHM 71

15. Use the energy diagram below to identify the letter(s) that correctly fits each of the following.

Description Letter

a) The enthalpy of reaction (∆𝐻) X

b) Activation energy of the reversed reaction W

c) Enthalpy of activated complex Z

d) Enthalpy of product for the forward reaction S

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 11 Grade 12 – CHM 71

 Subtopic 1.3 – Heat in Change of State

 Use the graph below represents the cooling curve of substance Z in a gaseous state to answer
questions 1 and 2.

1. Which line segment shows that all of substance Z is in a liquid state?

A. S−T
B. T−U
√ C. U−V
D. V−W

2. Which line segment shows that all of substance Z is in a solid state?

A. S−T
B. T−U
C. U−V
√ D. W−X

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 12 Grade 12 – CHM 71

 Subtopic 1.4 – Calculating Enthalpy Change

1. Which of the following reactions represents the enthalpy of formation of ethyne gas, C2H2?

√ A. 2 C (s) + H2 (g) → C2H2(g)

B. C2H2 (g) + 2 Cl2 (g) → C2H2Cl4 (g)
C. C2H2 (g) + 2 Cl2 (g) → 2 C (s) + 2 HCl (g)
5
D. C2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
2

2. According to the standard enthalpy of formation values and the equation below, the enthalpy of
combustion in kJ/mol of ethane gas, C2H6 , is ____________________.
7
C2H6 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l)
2

species C2H6(g) CO2(g) H2O(l)

𝐻𝑓𝑜 − 84.7 − 394.5 − 285.8

A. − 3123.4
√ B. − 1561.7
C. − 595.6
D. + 1561.7

3. According to the standard enthalpy of formation values and the equation below, the enthalpy in
kJ/mol for the thermal decomposition of solid sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, is ____________.
2 NaHCO3 (s) → Na2O(s) +H2O(l)+ 2CO2(g)

species NaHCO3(s) Na2O (s) CO2(g) H2O(l)

𝐻𝑓𝑜 − 950.8 − 416.0 − 394.5 − 285.8

A. − 410.8

B. − 205.4

C. + 100.0
√ D. + 410.8

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 13 Grade 12 – CHM 71

4. Use the following data that shows the standard enthalpies of formation of different substances to
answer questions a and b.

Standard enthalpy of formation, , ∆𝐇𝒇𝒐

Substance
kJ/mol
NO2 (g) +33.9
HNO3(aq) −173.2
NO (g) +90.2
H2O (l) −285.8

a) Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction below:

2 HNO3(aq)+ NO(g) → 3 NO2(g) + H2O(l)

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = ∑ ∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 − ∑ ∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠

∑ ∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠 = (3 × 𝐻𝑓 𝑁𝑂2 ) + 𝐻𝑓 𝐻2 𝑂 = (3×33.9) + (− 285.8) = − 184.1 kJ

∑ ∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠 = (2 × 𝐻𝑓 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 ) + 𝐻𝑓 𝑁𝑂 = (2×(−173.2)) + (90.2) = − 256.2 kJ

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = + 72.1 kJ

b) Is the reaction above endothermic or exothermic? Explain your answer.

Endothermic since ∆H reaction is positive or greater than zero

5. Using the thermochemical reactions and their respective enthalpy values given below, calculate
the enthalpy of the reaction below.
2 CH4 (g)  2 NH3 (g) + 3 O2 (g)  2 HCN (g)  6 H2O (l)

Thermochemical equation Value of enthalpy in kJ

N2 (g)  3 H2 (g)  2 NH3 (g)  918
C (s)  2 H2 (g)  CH4 (g)  749
2 C (s)  H2 (g)  N2 (g)  2 HCN (g)  2703
2 H2 (g)  O2 (g)  2 H2O (l)  579

Reaction 1 Reverse + 918 kJ

Reaction 2 Reverse and multiply by 2 + 149.8 kJ
Reaction 3 Same  270.3 kJ
Reaction 4 Multiply by 3  1737 kJ

Enthalpy of the required reaction is: (+ 918 )  (+ 149.8)  ( 270.3) +(  1737)

 − 1225.1 kJ

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 14 Grade 12 – CHM 71

6. Read the following passage then answer questions a – d.

Phosphorus trioxide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula P4O6. Although it should
properly be named tetraphosphorus hexoxide, the name phosphorus trioxide preceded the knowledge
of the compound's molecular structure, and its usage continues today.
P4O6 undergoes combustion according to the following balanced equation:
𝑃4 𝑂6(𝑠) + 2𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝑃4 𝑂10(𝑠)

a) Use the following equation to calculate the enthalpy change, ∆𝐻, for the combustion of P4 O6(s) .

𝑃4(𝑠) + 5𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝑃4 𝑂10(𝑠) ∆𝐻 = −2940 𝐾𝐽

𝑃4(𝑠) + 3𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝑃4 𝑂6(𝑠) ∆𝐻 = −1640 𝐾𝐽

Reverse equation and Keep equation 1 the same:

Add up the two equations
𝑃4 𝑂6(𝑠) → 𝑃4(𝑠) + 3𝑂2(𝑔) ∆𝐻 = +1640 𝐾𝐽
𝑃4(𝑠) + 5𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝑃4 𝑂10(𝑠) ∆𝐻 = −2940 𝐾𝐽

𝑃4 𝑂6(𝑠) + 2𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝑃4 𝑂10(𝑠) ∆𝐻 = −1300 𝐾𝐽

b) Based on your answer to part (a), is the combustion of P4 O6(s) endothermic or exothermic?
Justify your answer.

Exothermic reaction
∆𝐻 is negative or less than zero

c) Based on your answer to part (a), compare between the energy of the formed bonds and energy
needed to break bonds.

The reaction is exothermic, so the energy released during product bond formation is greater
than the energy required to break the bonds in the reactants.

d) Calculate the enthalpy change if 110. g of P4 O6(s) completely reacts with oxygen.

𝑚 110.
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑃4 𝑂6(𝑠) = = = 0.500 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
𝑀 219.88

1 mole 1300 𝐾𝐽
0.500 mole X X = 650. 𝐾𝐽

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 15 Grade 12 – CHM 71

7. The enthalpy change for the formation of solid aluminum chloride, AlCl3, is given below.

3
Al(s)  Cl2(g) AlCl3(s) H 3193.4 kJ
2

Use the information given below to calculate the value of x.

Thermochemical equation Value of enthalpy in kJ

2Al(g)  6HCl(aq)  2AlCl3(aq) 3 H2(g) 1049.0 kJ
HCl(g) HCl(aq) x
Cl2(g)  H2(g)  2HCl(g)  18450
AlCl3(aq)  AlCl3(s) 323.0 kJ

Multiply the main equation by 2: 2 Al(s) 3 Cl2(g) 2 AlCl3(s) H  6386.8 kJ

Reaction 1 Same − 1049.0 kJ

Reaction 2 Multiply by 6 6𝑥

Reaction 3 Multiply by 3 3 × (−1845.0)kJ

Reaction 4 Multiply by 2 2 ⨯ 323.0

x 74.8 kJ

Topic 1 – Practice Questions AK 16 Grade 12 – CHM 71