Sources of Energy

Energy is the capacity to do some physical
activities or work, such as running, jumping,

etc., while power is defined as the rate at
which the energy is transferred, or the work
is completed. The unit used to measure
energy is joules, ergs and calories. Power is
measured in watts.
What is power and energy in electrical?
• Electric power is the rate at which a
device changes electric current to another
form of energy. The SI unit of power is the
watt. Electric power can be calculated as
current times voltage. Electrical energy
use equals the power of the appliance
multiplied by the amount of time the
appliance is used.
Why is power and energy important?
• We use energy to not only heat our
human-made structures but we use it to
cool them as well. Energy is necessary for
getting up out of bed, walking down the
street, or even lifting your finger. It's also
necessary in abundance for all types of
modern conveniences, from light bulbs to
appliances to vehicles.
Forms of energy
Many forms of energy exist, but they all fall

into two basic categories:
Potential energy
Potential energy is stored energy and the
energy of position.
Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the motion of waves,
electrons, atoms, molecules, substances,
and objects.
Biomass
• Biomass includes the use of food and wood.
Energy stored in non-fossil organic materials
such as wood, straw, vegetable oils and wastes
from the forest, agricultural and industrial
sectors. Biomass is captured from forest
industries. To capture energy from biomass is to
burn it, to make heat, steam, and electricity.
Fossil Fuels
• Fossil Fuels include different types of oil, gas
and jet fuel. They are normally ‘natural
resources’ and are extracted from the earth
itself. Non-renewable resources. Fossil Fuels
may also be associated with mineral fuels. The
resources may be crushed, burnt, or turned into
steam.
• Fossil Fuels form from the organic remains of
prehistoric plants and animals.
Hydroelectric Energy
• Hydroelectric Energy produces energy
through power plants, some such as; Micro-
scale, small-scale and “run-of-the-river.” A dam
is built to trap water, usually in a valley where
there is an existing lake. Water is allowed
to flow through tunnels in the dam, to turn
turbines and thus drive generators. Notice that
the dam is much thicker at the bottom than at
the top, because the pressure of the water
increases with depth.
• Hydro-electric power stations can produce a
great deal of power very cheaply.
Nuclear Energy
• Nuclear Energy work by thermal nuclear
reactors and fast reactors. The thermal ones use
a moderator to slow down the neutrons
produced by fission. The moderator can be
normal water, heavy water, or graphite. The
normal water types are the Pressurized Water
Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor. Fast reactors
don't have a moderator, and therefore cannot
be built with a water filled core, so have used
liquid metal, usually sodium, as coolant.
Solar Energy
• Solar Energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, has
been harnessed by humans since ancient times using a
range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar powered
electrical generation relies on heat engines and
photovoltaic. Solar energy's uses are limited only by
human ingenuity.
A partial list of solar applications includes space heating
and cooling through solar architecture, potable water via
distillation and disinfection, day lighting, solar hot water,
solar cooking, and high temperature process heat for
industrial purposes. To harvest the solar energy, the
most common way is to use solar panels.
Wind Energy
• Wind energy is energy obtained from moving
air. is the conversion of wind energy into a
useful form of energy. Some such as using wind
turbines to make electricity, wind mills for
mechanical power, wind pumps for pumping
water or drainage, or sails to propel ships.
• The motion results from the heating and cooling
of the Earth.
• Flowing wind can be used to
turn turbines for the
generation of electricity.
• A typical wind tower consists
2 to 3 blades which turn a
shaft increasing rotation
speed and converting into
electrical energy.
Geothermal Energy
• Geothermal Energy is power extracted from
heat stored in the earth. Geothermal power is
cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and
environmentally friendly, but has historically
been limited to areas near tectonic plate
boundaries.
• This geothermal energy originates from the
original formation of the planet, from radioactive
decay of minerals, and from solar energy
absorbed at the surface.
Bio Fuel
• Biofuel, alternative
source of energy, has
been used to replace
conventional fuels.
• Biofuels are renewable
sources of energy
produced from
biological materials
such as sugarcane,
corn, cellulose or
vegetable oils.
Bio Fuel
Ethanol and biodiesel are
common biofuels.
Ethanol can be used as a
direct source of energy and
combined with gasoline to
produce effective results.
• Biodiesel is a
biodegradable fuel which
can replace traditional
diesel fuel.
• Technology has been
developed to use algae
as a biofuel.

Sources of Energy

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Sources of Energy

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Energy is the capacity to do some physical

activities or work, such as running, jumping,

Many forms of energy exist, but they all fall

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