LECTURE03

CP 313: MOBILE APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT
Contents
oActivities
● Defining an activity
● Starting a new activity with an intent
● Passing data between activities with extras
● Navigating between activities
What is an Activity?
oAn Activity is an application component
● Represents one window, one hierarchy of views
● Typically fills the screen, but can be embedded in other
activity or a appear as floating window
● Java class, typically one activity in one file
What is an Activity?
oAn activity represents a single screen with a user interface
just like window or frame of Java.
oAndroid activity is the subclass of ContextThemeWrapper
class.
Activity Life Cycle
If you have worked with C, C++ or Java programming language then
you must have seen that your program starts from main() function.
Very similar way, Android system initiates its program with in an
Activity starting with a call on onCreate() callback method.
 There is a sequence of callback methods that start up an activity and
a sequence of callback methods that tear down an activity as shown in
the next slide.
Activity Life Cycle
Activity Life Cycle
onCreate(): This is the first callback and called when the activity is first created.
onStart(): This callback is called when the activity becomes visible to the user.
onResume(): This is called when the user starts interacting with the application.
onPause(): The paused activity does not receive user input and cannot execute any
code and called when the current activity is being paused and the previous activity is
being resumed.
onStop(): This callback is called when the activity is no longer visible.
onDestroy(): This callback is called before the activity is destroyed by the system.
onRestart(): This callback is called when the activity restarts after stopping it.
What does an Activity do?
Represents an activity, such as ordering groceries, sending
email, or getting directions
● Handles user interactions, such as button clicks, text entry,
or login verification
● Can start other activities in the same or other apps
● Has a life cycle—is created, started, runs, is paused,
resumed, stopped, and destroyed
Examples of Activities
Apps and activities
Activities are loosely tied together to make up an app
● First activity user sees is typically called "main activity"
● Activities can be organized in parent-child relationships in
the Android manifest to aid navigation
Layouts and Activities
An activity typically has a UI layout
● Layout is usually defined in one or more XML files
● Activity "inflates" layout as part of being created
Implement new activities
1.Define layout in XML
2. Define Activity Java class
○ extends AppCompatActivity
3. Connect Activity with Layout
○ Set content view in onCreate()
4. Declare Activity in the Android manifest
1. Define layout in XML
2. Define Activity Java class
3. Connect activity with layout
package com.example.myapplication10;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText FirstName,LastName, Results;
private Button Submit;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
FirstName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextFName);
LastName =(EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextLName);
Results =(EditText) findViewById(R.id.tvResults);
Submit =(Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSubmit);
Submit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
int num1=Integer.parseInt(FirstName.getText().toString());
int num2=Integer.parseInt(LastName.getText().toString());
int sum=num1+num2;
Results.setText("The Answer is "+sum);
});
}
4. Declare activity in Android manifest
4. Declare main activity in manifest
Intents
What is an intent?
An intent is a description of an operation to be performed.
An Intent is an object used to request an action from another
app component via the Android system.
What can intents do?
oStart activities
◦ A button click starts a new activity for text entry
◦ Clicking Share opens an app that allows you to post a photo
● Start services
◦ Initiate downloading a file in the background
● Deliver broadcasts
◦ The system informs everybody that the phone is now charging
Types of Intents
Explicit Intent
Implicit Intent
Types of Intents (Explicit Intent)
We can also pass the information from one activity to another using explicit intent.
Types of Intents (Implicit Intent)
We can also pass the information from one activity to another using explicit intent.
Starting Activities
Start an Activity with an explicit intent
To start a specific activity, use an explicit intent
1. Create an intent
○ Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActivityName.class);
2. Use the intent to start the activity
○ startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
public void Activity2(){
Intent myIntent = new Intent(this,HomeActivity.class);
startActivity(myIntent);
}
}
Sending and Receiving Data
We can send data while calling one activity from another activity
using intent.
 All we have to do is add the data to Intent object using putExtra()
method.
The data is passed in key value pair.
The value can be of types like int, float, long, string, etc.
Sending Data
Submit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
Activity2();
}
});
}
public void Activity2(){
int num1=Integer.parseInt(FirstName.getText().toString());
int num2=Integer.parseInt(LastName.getText().toString());
//int sum=num1+num2;
// Results.setText("The Answer is "+sum);
Intent myIntent = new Intent(this,HomeActivity.class);
myIntent.putExtra("numberOne:",num1);
myIntent.putExtra("numberTwo:",num2);
startActivity(myIntent);
}
}
Receiving Data
public class HomeActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextView n1,n2;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_home);
n1=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.tvNumber1);
n2=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.tvNumber2);
Intent intent =getIntent();

int number_one = Integer.parseInt(intent.getStringExtra("numberOne"));
int number_two = Integer.parseInt(intent.getStringExtra("numberTwo"));
n1.setText(number_one);
n2.setText(number_two);
}
}
Intents can be used for broadcasting a
message
Suppose that the battery of your mobile phone is low and
the message is sent to different android applications to your
phone alerting that the battery is low
Your Turn
Services
Broadcast Message
Implicit Intents
END

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CP 313: MOBILE APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT

public void onClick(View v) {

Results.setText("The Answer is "+sum);

Intent intent =getIntent();

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