LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

SCIENCE 7(Q4 – Week3)

Name: _______________________ Score____________________________

Section: _____________________________ Date: ___________________________

Lesson 1
I. Introduction
The atmosphere is a thick gaseous envelope which surrounds the Earth and is attached to the earth’s surface
by gravitational force. It acts as a blanket which do not only distributes the heat received from the sun but
also tends to prevent the escape of heat from the Earth. The presence of the atmosphere is necessary to
sustain all types of life on earth.

II. Learning Competencies

Discuss how energy from the sun interacts with the layers of the atmosphere. (S7ES-IVd-5)

III. Objectives
After going through this Learning Activity Sheets, you are expected to:
1. Identify the layers of the atmosphere
2. Discuss how energy from the sun enters the atmosphere
3. Describe how the Earth’s natural greenhouse effects work

IV. Discussion
Different atmospheric layer
The troposphere is the layer closest to Earth’s surface. The temperature just above the ground is hotter than
the temperature high above. Weather occurs in the troposphere because this layer contains most
of the water vapor. Remember the water cycle? Without water, there would be no clouds, rain, snow or
other weather features. Air in the troposphere is constantly moving. As a result, aircraft flying through the
troposphere may have a very bumpy ride – what we know as turbulence. People who have used the airplane
for travelling have experienced this especially when there is a typhoon in areas where the plane passes
through.
The stratosphere is the layer of air that extends to about 50 km from Earth’s surface. Many jet aircraft fly in
the stratosphere because it is very stable. It is in the stratosphere that we find the ozone layer. The ozone
layer absorbs much of the Sun’s harmful radiation that would otherwise be dangerous to plant and animal
life.
The layer between 50 km and 80 km above the Earth’s surface is called the mesosphere. Air in this layer is
very thin and cold. Meteors or rock fragments burn up in the mesosphere.
The thermosphere is between 80 km and 110 km above the Earth. Space shuttles fly in this area and it is also
where the auroras are found.
Auroras are caused when the solar wind strikes gases in the atmosphere above the Poles.
The upper limit of our atmosphere is the exosphere. This layer of the atmosphere merges into space.
Satellites are stationed in this area, 500 km to 1000 km from Earth.
Solar Energy and its Interaction with Earth’s Atmosphere

Solar energy from the Sun makes its way to Earth and passes through the atmosphere into the earth’s
surface. Some of the heat from the ground are reflected back into the atmosphere and absorbed by the
ozone layer. The ozone layer located in the upper part of the stratosphere shields us from much of the sun’s
ultraviolet radiation. It contains greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous
oxide, ozone and some artificial chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are responsible for the
absorption of heat coming from the Sun. They occur both naturally and through human activities. At the top
of the troposphere, ozone acts as a greenhouse gas and adds to global warming.
The greenhouse gases are the main components that exhibit a phenomenon or an event called the
greenhouse effect. It is a natural process that keeps the earth’s climate warm enough to support life. It is
named “greenhouse” because of the effects that keeps greenhouses warm. Greenhouse is a structure with
walls and roof made of transparent materials like glass or fiber. The concept of a greenhouse and the
atmosphere undergo the same process. However, Earth’s greenhouse effect is enhanced as some human
activities contribute to the increase amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere causing the earth’s
temperature to rise.

V. Activities
Task 1

In which layer of the atmosphere can we find these things? Choose from the word bank the correct answer
and write it on your answer sheet.

Mesosphere troposphere exosphere stratosphere thermosphere

1. The ozone layer protects us from sunlight rays. It is in the _______________

2. Planes flight in this layer to avoid turbulence. It is in the _______________
3. Satellites orbits the Earth. It is in the____________
4. Shooting stars are meteors are burn up when they reach the Earth. It is in the _____________
5. Northern and Southern lights are beautiful phenomena. It is in the ________________
6. Weather phenomena occur in this layer. It is in the ___________
7. The International Space Station orbits the Earth. It is in the __________________
Task 2

Directions: Draw the layers of the atmosphere in your answer sheet and write the name of the pictures on
the layer where it belongs.

Layers of the Atmosphere

Task 3
1. List at least five (5) phenomenon or events happened because of global warming.

VI. Assessment
Choose the best answer. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer on the blank provided before
each number.
1. Which of the following is a blanket of air that protects the Earth from ultraviolet radiation and
meteors?
A. atmosphere B. water C. vapor clouds D. wind
2. What is the correct sequence of the layers of the atmosphere from the ground up to the space?
A. Exosphere – Mesosphere – Thermosphere – Stratosphere – Troposphere
B. Exosphere – Thermosphere – Mesosphere – Stratosphere – Troposphere
C. Troposphere – Stratosphere – Mesosphere – Thermosphere – Exosphere
D. Troposphere – Stratosphere – Thermosphere – Mesosphere – Exosphere
3. What are the two most common gases in the atmosphere?
A. carbon dioxide and nitrogen C. nitrogen and trace gases
B. nitrogen and oxygen D. oxygen and trace gases
______4. Which of the following activities is a way to reduce greenhouse gas emission?
A. Burning dried leaves C. Riding private car in the way to school
B. Using aerosol sprays D. Using reusable bags when buying things
5. What is the process of trapping the sun’s heat in the atmosphere that keeps the planet's climate
warm enough to support life?
A. Carbon emission C. Global warming
B. Climate change D. Greenhouse effect
6. The gradual rise in the atmospheric temperature due to the increase in greenhouse gases is known
as _____.
A. climate change C. greenhouse effect
B. global warming D. ozone depletion
 7. Why is the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere an environmental
problem?.
A. It leads to more factories.
B. It can lead to a major increase in greenhouses.
C. It causes a major decrease in human population.
D. It causes climate change and increase in global temperature.
______8. Which of the following help improve the amount of “good” ozone in the
Atmosphere?
A. Burning of wood B. Use of fluorocarbons C. Planting of trees D. Rampant usage of plastics
______9. This protects Earth from meteors.
A. Mesosphere B. exosphere C. troposphere D. thermosphere
10. It is where we live and most weather occurs.
A. Mesosphere B. exosphere C. troposphere D. thermosphere

VII. Reflection
Direction: Briefly answer the following questions. Write it in your answer sheet.
1. Why are greenhouse gases like the glass in the greenhouse?
2. How does a greenhouse work?
3. What do you think will happen if there is increasing emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide into
the atmosphere?

Lesson 2. ITZC, Land Breeze and Sea Breeze and Monsoon

I. Introduction
We learn from the past lessons that air moves from high pressure areas to low pressure areas. In
other words, it moves when warm air rises. As it moves, it picks up moisture from bodies of water causing
seasonal rainfall.
II. Learning Competencies
Account for the occurrence of land and sea breezes, monsoons, and Intertropical Convergence Zone
(ITCZ). (S7ES-IVf-7)
III. Objectives
After going through this Learning Activity Sheets, you are expected to:
1. Describe the occurrence of land and sea breeze and monsoon
2. Explain the occurrence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCCZ)

IV. Discussion

The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a region characterized by belt of clouds encircling the
Earth near the equator. Temperature near the equator is warmer compared to regions of higher altitude as
sun’s rays directly hit areas near the equator on noontime. As air becomes warmer, it rises causing low
pressure. The surrounding air moves in as a result. As the surrounding cooler air from north and south areas
moves near the equator, they meet and converge. The result of which is the ITCZ.
Meanwhile, the rising warm air humidifies as it collects moisture. As it rises, it cools and expands,
thereby formation of clouds along this region results to thunderstorms. Because of this event, ITCZ is often
associated with heavy downpour of rain. Since ITCZ is prominent in tropical regions such as in the Philippines,
we experience more rains than the other parts of the region throughout the year.
 Figure 1 illustrates how ITCZ occurred based on the behavior of the air near the equator and its
interaction with surrounding winds. (Source: Spark Erl E. Balicog)

Warm air rises. As it cools, it expands

and forms clouds.

As dense clouds formed,

thunderstorm occurs.

Surrounding winds
move near the equator.

Land Breeze and Sea Breeze and Monsoons

The air flows from high pressure area to low pressure area. You can associate the high pressure with
sinking air and low pressure with rising air. The movement of the wind moving in a circular path is due to the
effect of earth’s rotation. The influence of the wind moving in a curved path is referred to as Coriolis Effect.
Imagine that you are walking along the seashore at daytime. You can observe that the land heats
faster than the sea. At this time, the air above the land is heated. The warm air rises and the cold air from
the sea rushes in and replaces the warm air. The movement of air from sea to land is called sea breeze
At night, the land cools faster than the sea due to the large specific heat capacity of water. At this
time, the air above the sea is warmer than the air above the land. The warm air rises and the cold air from
the land blows in and replaces the warm air above the ocean. The movement of air from land to sea is called
land breeze

Monsoons
The wind blows from the high-pressure area in the Asian continent toward the low-pressure area south of
the Philippines. The cold air that we experience from December to February is part of this wind system. This
monsoon wind is locally known as amihan. As you can see from Figure 17, the wind passes over some bodies
of water before it reaches the Philippines. The wind picks up moisture along the way and brings rain to the
eastern part of the Philippines.
Now, what happens during the warmer months? This time the wind will move from the high-pressure area
in Australia to the low-pressure area in the Asian continent. This monsoon wind is locally called habagat.

V. Activities
Task 1
Copy the illustration below in your answer sheet. Accomplish the illustration by filling the circles with the events
listed inside the box to illustrate ITCZ.

1. Warm air rises.

2. Clouds are formed.
3. The winds meet and converge.
4. The surrounding air moves near the equator.
5. Precipitation happens causing heavy rainfall.
Task 2

Direction: Read the following statement in the table below then write it in the correct column if it belongs
in land breeze or sea breeze.

Wind Cool high Happens Wind Cool high Happens A wind Warm low-
blows high pressure during the blows pressure at blows pressure
pressure air sinks daytime from land air sinks nighttime from the air
toward over the to the along the ocean to expands
low land ocean ocean the land and rises
pressure over the
land

Land Breeze Sea Breeze

VI. Assessment
Direction: Choose the best answer. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer in your answer sheet.
1. Why do breezes occur?
A. It occurs due to the differences in the composition of gases.
B. It occurs due to the uneven heating of the earth’s surface.
C. It occurs due to the presence of air pollutants.
D. It occurs due to the differences in resources.
2. Which of the following is the correct movement of air?
A. Low concentration to an area of high concentration
B. High concentration to an area of low concentration
C. High pressure to an area of low pressure
D. Low pressure to an area of high pressure
 3. Which of the following heats faster during daytime?
A. Air B. Dust C. Land D. Water
4. The movement of air is from land to sea. What type of breeze is being referred to?
A. Eastern Breeze B. Sea Breeze C. Land Breeze D. Western Breeze
5. Which of the following is warmer during nighttime?
A. Air beneath the ground B. Air above the sea C. Air above the land D. Air underwater
6 What is the meaning of ITCZ?
A. Intercontinental Convergence Zone
B. Intertropical Convergence Zone
C. Interterrestrial Conversion Zone
D. Intertropical Climatic Zone
7. How is ITCZ formed?
A. As clouds become heavier, it precipitates to rain.
B. As air near the equator rises, it cools and expands.
C. Surrounding winds meet and converge near the equator.
D. Wind from Australia passes moves from high to low pressure area.
______8. What is the possible effect of ITCZ?
A. Monsoon B. Thunderstorm C. El Niño D. Cyclone
______9. What happens to the air when it gets warmer? It ____.
A. expands B. cools C. gets heavier D. condenses
10. Why do surrounding winds move near the equator?
A. Because of the tilting of Earth’s axis.
B. warm air pushes them towards the equator.
C. the gravitational force draws them near the equator.
D. the difference in the air pressure allows them to move.

VII. Reflection
Direction: Briefly answer the following questions. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. How do sea breeze work?
2. How do land breeze work?
3. Which heats faster at day time? at nighttime?
4. Which cools faster at night time? at daytime?
5. What causes wind to move?

Prepared by:
MARY GRACE D. NOVIDA
T-I

Checked by:
ELAINE JANE G. GARINGO, Ph. D
HT- I

Noted:
MARIA GRACIA B. LEDESMA
Principal I