G-10

TLE
Quarter 1- MODULE 3
Hilot Wellness Massage NC II

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

TLE – Hilot Wellness Massage NC II for Grade 10
Quarter 1 - Module 3: IDENTIFY INFORMATION OF CLIENT/S
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Under Secretary for Curriculum: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Lanie C. Cano

Editor: Albert Nolasco
Illustrator/Layout Artist: Monalisa C. Barra

Management Team:
Gilbert T. Sadsad, Regional Director
Jessie L. Amin, Assistant Regional Director
Francisco B. Bulalacao Jr., CLMD Chief, ROV
Christie L. Alvarez, Regional EPS in EPP/TLE/TVL
Loida N. Nidea, Schools Division Superintendent
Susan S. Collano, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent (Secondary)
Lynn Z. Padillo, Division CID Chief/OIC. ASDS (Elementary)
Lalaine V. Fabricante, Division TLE/TVL Coordinator (Home
Economics)

Regional Center Site, Rawis, Legazpi City 4500

0917 178 1288
region5@deped.gov.ph
Hilot Wellness Massage
Quarter 1- Module 3
Lesson 1.1
Identify Vital Information of Clients
 Module
Identify Vital Information of
3 Client/s

Introduction:
In this module, you will develop common competencies on how to identify the vital
information of a client which include getting the vital signs of the clients, health history,
contraindications and other relevant information that relates to the health conditions of the
client. Accurate information is needed to have an authentic data that will help you to the
next activities such as in the process of the massage session.
There are varied activities that will be provided in this module which you can
perform following the given procedures and guidance of your teacher. The information and
the right attitude you have developed from these module will prepare you to proceed to
the next module.

Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. iIdentify and get the vital signs of a client;
2. accomplish the Client intake form by getting the health history of a client;
3. give the functions of each major organ of our body.

Vocabulary List

Vital Signs - Also known as cardinal signs are used to measure

the body’s basic functions.
Massage Analysis - These details will again highlight contra-indications
that will indicate whether massage would be
suitable for the client.
Contraindications - It is a condition or factor that serves as a reason to
withhold a certain medical treatment due to the
harm that it would cause the patient.
Organ system - These are group of organs that work together to a
larger, more complex functions.
Heart - A hollow muscular organ that maintain the
circulation of blood throughout the body.

Integumentary system - Composed of skin, hair, nails, oil glands, and

sweat glands.

Heart Rate The number of times a heart beats per minute

(bpm). Heart rates vary by person, and a normal
pulse can range between 60 to 100 beats per
minute.
 Pre-Test

Multiple Choice: Read the statement carefully, then choose the correct
answer from the options given. Write your answer in your TLE note book.

1. _______details that will enable to contact the client quickly.

A. Massage analysis
B. Personal details
C. Contra-indication
D. Other information
2. The lymphatic drainage system removes excess _______.
A. fats
B. fluid
C. water
D. sweat from all over the body, returning it into the bloodstream
3. Organ system – these are group of organs that work together to a larger, more
complex functions.
A. Organ
B. Organ System
C. Cell
D. Tissue
4. Is a measurement of heart rate or the number of times the heart beat per minute
A. Temperature
B. Blood pressure
C. Pulse rate
D. Respiration
5. The normal blood pressure for adults
A. 70/40 – 90/60
B. Over 90/60 – 120/80
C. Over 120/80 – 140/90
D. Over 140/90 -190/100
6. The number of breaths an adult takes per minute
A. 30 – 40 cycle per minute
B. 23 – 35 cpm
C. 20 - 30 cpm
D. 12- 28 cpm
7. Also called Cardinal Sign which is used to measure the body’s basic functions.
These measurements are taken to help assess the general health of a person.
A. Vital Signs
B. Client Intake Form
C. Pulse rate
D. Health History
8. The fluid which circulates throughout the body carrying nourishment and oxygen
to the cell and tissues, and at the same time takes away wastes matter and carbon
dioxide.
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Blood
D. Intestine
9. It is sometimes referred to as breathing rate, is the number of breaths taken per
minute
A. Respiration Rate
B. Body Temperature
C. Blood Pressure
D. Heart Rate
10. An Important organ system that provides a strong, internal framework that support
the body and protection for vital organ.
A. Digestive system
B. Skeletal system
C. Circulatory system
D. Muscular system

What’s New?

Discover

Read Info Read Information sheet 1.1 and find out how much
you can remember. Do Self- Check to know how much you
have learned.

Lesson Information 1.-1

Identify the Vital Information of Client/s

I. PERSONAL DETAILS - These details will enable you to contact the client
quickly should you need to cancel or change an appointment or for any other
reason. They will also enable you to seek advice from his/her doctor should this
be necessary.
• Name
• Address
• Date of birth
• Status
• Home and work telephone numbers
• Occupation
• Doctor‘s name, address and telephone number
• Vital signs/ BP Temperature
II. MASSAGE ANALYSIS - These details will again highlight contra-indications
that will indicate whether massage would be suitable for the client. They will
also provide information regarding the client‘s previous experience of massage.
Did s/he find it beneficial; are there any preferences, likes and dislikes that
should be recorded?

• contra-indications
• has client received massage in the past?
• how long ago?
III. OTHER INFORMATION - This information will help you formulate the best
treatment plan to meet the needs of the client. The plan should then be fully
explained to the client; s/he must be given the opportunity to ask questions and
given full answers to allay any concerns or fears. The long term objective, the
cost and timing must be agreed and a consent form signed by the client
reasons for requesting massage expectations from the treatment any concerns
or worries
• number of sessions
• did client benefit from the massage?
• reasons for requesting massage

CLIENT’S DATA REPORT SAMPLE

Personal Information:
Name: _________________________ __Contact Number: ___________
Address: _________________________ Date of Birth:______________
Sex: _____ Email Address: __________Occupation: _______________
Contact Person: ___________________Contact Number: ___________

The following information will be used to help plan safe and effective massage
sessions.
Please answer the questions to the best of your knowledge.

( ) Yes ( ) No
Have you had a professional massage before? When?____
( ) Yes ( ) No
do you have difficulty lying on your back or side? _________
( ) Yes ( ) No
Do you have any allergies to oil, lotion, or ointment? ______
( ) Yes ( ) No
Do you have tension, soreness, or sensitivity to pressure?
( ) Yes ( ) No
Have you had surgery in the past 5 years?
What? Explain __________________________________
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you under medical supervision or taking any medication?
Maintenance medicine?
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you wearing contact lenses, artificial pacemaker, hearing aid
or implants?
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you pregnant? (For female client only)

Subjective Symptoms: Location/ Intensity/ Frequency/ Duration/ Onset

_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

Objective
BP: ______________mmHg PR: __________bpm
RR: ______________cpm BT: __________ C

Assessment
Hilot Therapist Impression:
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Plan Future treatment/ Frequency

__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Signature of client: ____________________Date: ___________________
Name and signature of massage Therapist: ________________________
Date: ______________________________________________________
 VITAL SIGNS

Vital signs, or vitals for short, are used to measure the body’s basic functions.
These measurements are taken to help assess the general health of a person, give clues
to possible diseases, and shows progress towards recovery. This is also known as
cardinal sign. This includes body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and blood
pressure. They are collected and recorded over time, giving providers information on how
vital organs, such as the heart and lungs, are functioning.
Purpose:
1. To observe the general condition of the client.
2. To prevent possible injury and complications to the client.

The important vital signs to monitor in patients are:

1. Heart Rate (Pulse)

2. Respiration Rate
3. Body Temperature
4. Blood Pressure

HOW TO TAKE VITAL SIGNS

One of the very first practical skills that wellness massage students should know
is to learn how to take vital signs. Measuring vital signs is important. This information
shows healthcare practitioners how the body is functioning and alert to possible medical
conditions, many of which are present without signs or symptoms.

1. PULSE RATE (HEART)

Heart rate, or pulse, is the number of times a heart beats per minute (bpm).
Heart rates vary by person, and a normal pulse can range between 60 to 100 beats per
minute. An individual’s heart rate can fluctuate considerably due to fitness level, illness,
injury, emotional state— even the temperature of the room can affect heart rate. Highly
trained athletes, for example, may have a normal resting heart rate closer to 40 beats per
minute, and this is still considered acceptable.
With some exceptions, patients with vitals outside of the 60 to 100 beats per
minute range will very likely be sent for additional testing. Especially if these patients have
other symptoms such as dizziness or shortness of breath. Most often, an investigation into
the heart starts with an electrocardiogram, or EKG, a relatively simple cardiac
measurement tool.
AVERAGE PULSE RATE

• Newborns up to 1 month old: 70 to 190 bpm

• Infants 1 to 11 months old: 80 to 160 bpm
• Children 1 to 2 years old: 80 to 130 bpm
• Children 3 to 4 years old: 80 to 120 bpm
• Children 5 to 6 years old: 75 to 115 bpm
• Children 7 to 9 years old: 70 to 110 bpm
• Children 10 years and older, and adults (including seniors): 60 to 100 bpm
• Well-trained athletes: 40 to 60 bpm

To take heart rate:

1. Wash your hands.

2. Make sure that individual is at rest before you begin.
3. The easiest place to find a pulse to measure is the radial artery found on
the inside of the wrist closest to the thumb. Alternatively, you can find
the pulse on the inside of the elbow (brachial artery), behind the knee
(popliteal artery) or neck (carotid artery).
4. Use first and second fingertips (never the thumb) to press firmly but
gently on the wrist (or otherwise) until you feel a pulse.
5. With an analog clock or watch, wait until the second hand is on the 12.
6. Begin counting the beats of the pulse.
7. Count pulse for 60 seconds until the second-hand returns to the 12 (you
may also count for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to calculate beats per
minute).
8. When counting, do not watch the clock continuously, but concentrate on
the beats of the pulse.

2. RESPIRATION RATE

Respiration rate, sometimes referred to as breathing rate, is the number of breaths taken
per minute. This measurement is always taken when the individual is at rest. A single
respiration count is equal to the chest rising (inhalation) and falling (exhalation) once. The
normal range for an adult is 12 to 28 respirations per minute.

0-1 ----------------30-40 Cycles per minute

1-3 ----------------23-35/cpm
3-6 ----------------20-30/cpm

To take respiration rate:

1. Wash your hands.
2. Place your fingers on the individual’s wrist (either side).
3. Count breaths (inhale + exhale = 1 respiration) for one minute.
4. Document respiration rate.
 3. BODY TEMPERATURE
Body temperature is the amount of heat in the body. Core body temperature is
controlled by a process called thermoregulation. No individual has the exact same
temperature reading throughout the day as body temperature naturally fluctuates.

Temperature is considered normal at 98.6 degrees F (37 degrees C), although

anything between 97.6 degrees F (36.4 degrees C) to 99.6 degrees F (37.5
degrees C) is acceptable. A temperature over 100.4 degrees F (38 degrees C)
indicates a fever caused by illness or injury. Hypothermia (low temperature) occurs
when the body temperature dips below 95 degrees F (35 degrees C).

Thermometers are the tools we use to collect body temperature, and there are
multiple options available to healthcare providers, such as glass thermometers,
digital thermometers, tympanic (ear) thermometers, and rectal thermometers. Your
thermometer of choice will ultimately depend on the needs of your organization.
Although healthcare practitioners must know how to work with all types, today we
most commonly use digital thermometers.

You can use a digital thermometer in 3 ways:

1. Oral (in the mouth).

2. Rectal (in the bottom).
3. Axillary (under the arm).
Do not use the same thermometer for both oral and rectal readings. Be sure
to label your thermometer either “oral” or “rectal” to know the difference.

To take body temperature using a digital thermometer:

 1. Wash your hands.
2. Cover thermometer mouth tip with a clean plastic shield (or clean before and after
use for glass).
3. Press button to set the thermometer.
4. Place thermometer under tongue and instruct individual to close mouth.
5. Wait several minutes, remove thermometer when beeping indicates the reading is
complete.
6. Document temperature, including the date, time and method used as follows: “O”
for oral, “R” for rectal, “E” for ear, “A” for axillary.
7. Clean and sterilize the thermometer.

4. BLOOD PRESSURE

Blood pressure is a reading of how effectively the oxygenating blood is moving

through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Blood pressure is expressed
in two parts: systolic pressure (the pressure created when the blood pumps from
the heart into the arteries) over diastolic pressure (the pressure inside the artery
as the heart rests between beats). This is a measurement with two numbers,
recorded as mm Hg (millimeters of mercury) and written as systolic/diastolic.

Blood pressure chart for adults

70/40 – 90/60 low blood pressure
Over 90/60 – 120/80 normal bp
Over 120/80 – 140/90 pre high bp
Over 140/90 – 190/100 high bp

Low blood pressure is called hypotension and high blood pressure is

called hypertension.

Instruments used to take blood pressure include a stethoscope, blood pressure

cuff with inflatable balloon (sphygmomanometer), and numbered pressure gauge
called a digital monitor or aneroid monitor.

To take blood pressure using a stethoscope, cuff and aneroid monitor:

1. Wash your hands.
2. Disinfect stethoscope earpieces and diaphragm (round disk).
3. Check to make sure that the blood pressure monitor is in good working
order.
4. Place fingers on the underside of the elbow to locate pulse (called the
brachial pulse).
5. Wrap and fasten deflated cuff snugly around the upper arm at least one
inch above where you felt the strong and steady brachial pulse.
6. Insert stethoscope earpieces and position diaphragm directly over the
brachial pulse.
7. Turn the knob on the air pump clockwise to close the valve.
8. Pump air, inflating the arm cuff until the dial pointer reaches 170.
9. Gently turn the knob on the air pump counter-clockwise to open the valve
and deflate the cuff.
10. As the dial pointer falls, watch the number and listen for a thumping sound.
11. Note the number shown where the first thump is heard (systolic pressure).
12. Note the number shown where the last thump is heard (diastolic pressure).
13. Deflate and remove cuff.
14. Document the reading, written as systolic/diastolic, and note any unusual
observations.
Blood pressure is considered to be the most difficult of the vital signs to learn how to
measure.

Precautions

• Aneroid and digital manometers may require periodic calibration.

• Use a larger cuff on obese or heavily muscled subjects.
• Use a smaller cuff for pediatric patients.
• For pediatric patients a lower blood pressure may indicate the presence of
hypertension.
• Don't place the cuff over clothing.
• Flex and support the patient's arm.
• In some patients the Korotkoff sounds will disappear as the systolic pressure is bled
down. After an interval, the Korotkoff sounds reappear. This interval is referred to as
the "auscultatory gap." This pathophysiologic occurrence can lead to a marked under-
estimation of systolic pressure if the cuff pressure is not elevated enough. It is for this
reason that the rapid inflation of the blood pressure cuff to 180mmHg was
recommended above. The "auscultatory gap" is felt to be associated with carotid
atherosclerosis and a decrease in arterial compliance in patients with increased blood
pressure.

Whats more?
Activity 1.1
 Assume that you parents or any family member is your client fill up the sample
Client’s Data Report below. Make sure to give the correct data of your client.

CLIENT’S DATA REPORT SAMPLE

Personal Information:
Name: _________________________ __Contact Number: ___________
Address: _________________________ Date of Birth:______________
Sex: _____ Email Address: __________Occupation: _______________
Contact Person: ___________________Contact Number: ___________

The following information will be used to help plan safe and effective massage sessions.
Please answer the questions to the best of your knowledge.

( ) Yes ( ) No
Have you had a professional massage before? When?____
( ) Yes ( ) No
do you have difficulty lying on your back or side? _________
( ) Yes ( ) No
Do you have any allergies to oil, lotion, or ointment? ______
( ) Yes ( ) No
Do you have tension, soreness, or sensitivity to pressure?
( ) Yes ( ) No
Have you had surgery in the past 5 years?
What? Explain __________________________________
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you under medical supervision or taking any medication?
Maintenance medicine?
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you wearing contact lenses, artificial pacemaker, hearing aid or
implants?
( ) Yes ( ) No Are you pregnant? (For female client only)

Subjective Symptoms: Location/ Intensity/ Frequency/ Duration/ Onset

_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Objective
BP: ______________mmHg PR: __________bpm
RR: ______________cpm BT: __________ C

Assessment
Hilot Therapist Impression:
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Plan Future treatment/ Frequency

__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Signature of client: ____________________Date: ___________________

Name and signature of massage Therapist: ________________________
Date: ______________________________________________________
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

To be an effective and skillful Hilot Massage Therapist, one must have knowledge on
anatomy and physiology, to understand its structures and functions in order to work
effectively within the framework as relevant to massage. Hilot Massage Therapist
becomes more aware and more conscious in implementing a massage plan that will truly
benefit the client, hence, giving the best of client care.

Anatomy – the study of the structure of the body, from the whole organism down to the
cell level

Physiology – the study of the normal functioning of the body

Cell – the basic structural and functional unit of most living organism. It is the smallest
unit of a multi – cellular organism and the building block of life.

Organ - the tissues of different kinds are organized into organs to perform specific
functions.

Organ system – these are group of organs that work together to a larger, more complex
functions.

Tissues – refers to the cells of similar origin which are organized into groups to carry out
specific functions.

Anatomical position:

Superior – above or towards the head.

Ex: the brain is superior to the heart.

Inferior – below, or toward the lower part of the body

Anterior – towards the front of the body.

Ex: breast are on the anterior surface.

Posterior – towards the back of the body

Ex: buttocks are on the posterior surface.

Medial – nearer to the center plane or inner side of the body.

Ex: the mouth is medial to the ears.

Lateral – away from the center plane of the body

Ex: the lungs lie lateral to the heart.

Proximal – nearer to the center of the body.

Ex: the hip proximal than to the knee.

Distal – further the center of the body.

Ex: the foot is distal to the hip.
BODY REGION (4 PARTS)
 1. HEAD AND NECK REGION – head houses the brain and major sense organ
also form the framework of the face. The head is held upright by the muscles and
bones of the neck, which connects the head to the trunk.
2. TRUNK – The trunk or torso forms the central part of the body and has 2
sections. The thorax forms the upper trunk; from the neck to the diaphragm and
the abdomen which is the lower part of the trunk.
3. UPPER EXTREMITIES – is divided into 3 region; the arm, the forearm, and the
hand. The hallow part just below the connection between the upper extremity and
the trunk is the axilla or armpit.
4. LOWER EXTREMITIES – is divided into thigh, leg and the foot.

THE MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEM:

1. SKELETAL SYSTEM – composed of bones, joints, cartilage and ligaments.

FUNCTIONS – shape and support body framework; protects vital organ.
2. MUSCULAR – composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
FUNCTIONS – movement, produce heat
3. INTEGUMENTARY – composed of skin, hair, nails, oil glands, and sweat glands.
FUNCTION – for protection, regulates body temperature, sensory
reception
4. CIRCULATORY – composed of heart, blood, and blood vessel.
FUNCTION – distributes nutrients to the body.
5. LYMPHATIC – composed of spleen
FUNCTION – protects the body from disease.
6. NERVOUS – composed of brain and spinal cord.
FUNCTION – regulatory and communicating system.
7. RESPIRATORY – upper and lower Respiratory tract, lungs, and accessories.
FUNCTION – exchange of gases
8. DIGESTIVE – composed of alimentary canal and accessory digestive organ.
FUNCTION – for digestion and absorption of food.
 9. URINARY – composed of kidney, bladder and urethra.
FUNCTION – eliminates metabolic wastes.
10. ENDOCRINE – composed of glands and hormones
FUNCTION – release hormones.

SKELETAL SYSTEM

SKELETAL SYSTEM

The skeleton provides a strong, internal framework that support the body and
protection for vital organ. These bones meet at joints, the majority of which are freely
moveable, making the skeleton flexible and mobile.

The skeleton also contain cartilage and ligaments. Cartilage is a tough, flexible
connective tissues that forms the framework of the ear and nose, links the ribs to the
sternum, and covers the ends of bones inside the joints. Ligaments are strong strips of
fibrous connective tissue that hold bones together at joints, thereby stabilizing the skeleton
during movement.

The nervous system coordinates with muscles movement. Without our skeleton,
we would not be able to stand and walk and move around.
MAJOR BONES AND BONE GROUPS OF THE BODY:

1. Bones of the head – skull – 29

FUNCTIONS: this is the cranium, the bony framework of the head composed of
the cranial and facial bones plus the maxilla and mandible. The skull houses and
protects the brain.

2. Vertebral Column – vertebrae – 26

FUNCTIONS – the vertebrae are any of the 33 bones of the vertebral column, 7
cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. The sacral and
coccygeal vertebrae are fused into single units.

3. THORACIC CAGE – Ribs 2x12

FUNCTIONS – 12 pairs of narrow curved bones that extend from the vertebra to
the sternum. The upper 7 enclose the thoracic or chest cavity and protect the heart
and lungs. The lower 5 enclose part of the abdominal cavity.

4. STERNUM – 1
FUNCTIONS – the sternum is found on the midline of the anterior chest wall. It
extends from the throat down to the upper abdominal area.

5. PECTORAL GIRDLE – CLAVICLE – 2

FUNCTIONS – this is the elongated, slender curved bones of the anterior shoulder
known as collarbone.

6. SCAPULA – 2
FUNCTIONS – the shoulder blade provides for attachment of the clavicle and the
humerus (upper arm)

7. HUMERUS – 2
FUNCTIONS – this the long bone of the upper arm

8. RADIUS – 2
FUNCTIONS – the shorter and the lateral two bones of the forearm. It attaches to
the thumb side of the wrist.

9. ULNA – 2
FUNCTIONS – the medial and longer bone of the forearm. It attaches on the little
finger side of the wrist.
10. CARPALS – 16
FUNCTIONS – the wrist bone. It allow the wrist to move and rotate.

11. METACARPALS – 5X2

FUNCTIONS – the 5 long bones of the hand. They are slightly concave on palmar
surface.

12. PELVIC GIRDLE – 2

 FUNCTIONS – Three pairs of bones. The ilium, ischium and pubis, fused to form
the pelvic girdle. It attaches to the lower spine, fused to form the pelvic girdle. It
attaches to the lower spine, provides support to the internal organs has sockets
where upper leg bones are attached.

13. FEMUR – 2
FUNCTIONS – The longest, strongest, and heaviest bone of the body located in
the thigh area.

14. FIBULA – 2
FUNCTIONS – The lateral and smaller two bones of the lower leg, or the calf bone.

15. PATILLA – 2
FUNCTIONS – The kneecap, is a large triangular sesamoid bone between the
femur and tibia, protects the knee joints.

16. TIBIA – 2
FUNCTIONS – The medial and larger two bones of the lower leg. It connects the
knee with the ankle or “shank bone.”

17. TARSALS – 14
FUNCTIONS – The bones in the ankle. It composed of 7 bones, allow the ankle to
move and rotate.

18. METATARSALS – 5X2

FUNCTIONS – the 5 long bones of the foot that are concave on the plantar or lower
surface.

19. PHALANGES – 14X2X2

FUNCTIONS – the bones of the toes and fingers. bones that connect to the metatarsal
and tarsal bones.

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 Muscles produce movement of, and inside the body. Muscle tissue is made up of
cells called fibers that have the ability to contract or shorten, in order to produce a pulling
force. Muscles are also extensible, and are elastic so that they can be stretch and recoil
and resume their normal resting length. Muscles are also electrically excitable, so that they
can be stimulated to contract by a nerve impulse. There ae 3 types of muscles in the body
– skeletal, smooth and cardiac.

TYPES OF MUSCLES DESCRIPTION WHERE FOUND

1. Skeletal muscle-----voluntary muscles------attached to the bone of skeleton

2. Smooth muscle------involuntary muscles----hollow organ like small intestine
3. Cardiac muscles----involuntary muscles-----heart

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The circulatory or cardiovascular system consists of the blood and the blood that
is pumped along them by the heart. The circulatory system plays a vital role in maintaining
homeostasis by controlling the concentration and composition of tissue fluid, by supplying
cells with essential materials and removing their wastes, by helping to keep the body warm,
and by protecting the body against attack by pathogens. A vast net work of blood vessel
carries blood from the heart to the tissues and back to the heart once again in an ending
circulation of this life-giving fluid.
BLOOD – the fluid which circulates throughout the body carrying nourishment and oxygen
to the cell and tissues, and at the same time takes away wastes matter and carbon dioxide.

FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD:

1. Transport gases, nutrient to the tissues waste products from the tissues and
hormones.
2. Protects against pathogen and blood loss.
3. Regulates the ph of the body, the amount of fluid in the tissues and body
temperature.

HEART – a hollow muscular organ that maintain the circulation of blood throughout
he body.

4 CHAMBERS OF HEART:

1. Right Atrium – upper right chamber, receive deoxygenated blood from the
body.
2. Right Ventricle – the lower right chamber, pump blood to the lungs.
3. Left Atrium – upper left chamber, receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
4. Left ventricle – the lower left chamber, pumps blood to the body.

BLOOD CIRCULATION

The deoxygenated blood from the lower portion of the body enter the inferior vena
cava and the deoxygenated blood from the upper portion of the body goes to the superior
vena cava, deoxygenated blood from superior and inferior vena cava enters the right
atrium (RA), from the right atrium, it goes down to the right ventricle RV passing the
tricuspid valve, then from RV, it will enter to pulmonic valve to the pulmonary arteries, then
to the lung, where the oxygenations takes place in the lungs. The blood is now oxygenated
and it will go down to the LV through the bicuspid valve. The oxygenated blood will go to
the aortic valve and will be pumped to the aorta then from the aorta it will delivered to all
parts of the body except lungs.

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM ORGANS, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

1. BLOOD
➢ Red blood cell – transport oxygen through hemoglobin
➢ White blood cell – antibodies that deals with foreign materials lie disease
organism
➢ Platelets – blood clotting
➢ Plasma and plasma proteins – carries food and wastes from tissues
2. BLOOD VESSELS
➢ Arteries – carries blood away from the heart (oxygenated)
➢ Capillaries – exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells
➢ Veins – carries blood towards the heart (deoxygenated)

3. HEART
➢ Arch of the aorta – carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
➢ Abdominal aorta and thoracic aorta – supplies blood to the abdominal
and thoracic area.
➢ Inferior and superior vena cava – carries deoxygenated blood from the
rest of the body to the heart.

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

It is the system that serve as an accessory system for the flow of fluid from tissue
spaces into circulation. It consist of lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and tonsils. The
lymphatic system collects this fluid (called lymph) and returns it to the circulatory system.
Lymphatic vessels are thin walled vessels in close contact with most tissues. Lymph
vessels joint together to eventually form the thoracic duct which empties the lymph from
the lower part of the body into the subclavian vein. This is an essential function because
without it, the lymphatic system will die from the resulting edema (fluid accumulation) within
24 hrs.

3 MAIN FUNCTION OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM:

 1. Conservation of plasma protein and fluid.
2. Protects the body from disease.
3. Lipid absorption

Lymphatic nodes – are small, oval bodies found at interval in the course of lymphatic
vessel. Lymphocytes or white blood cells are stored here. Swelling in the lymphatic
system help to protect the body by removing foreign materials such as bacteria and
tumor cells from the lymphatic stream and by producing lymphocytes that function in the
immune response.

Spleen – is the largest organ in the lymphatic system. It lies in left upper abdomen
beneath the diaphragm and behind the lower ribs and coastal cartilage. It removes worn
out red cells. The spleen serves as reservoir for blood (blood storage) and it serve as
blood filtration.

Thymus – is a flat, pinkish gray, two-lobed organ lying high in the chest anterior to the
aorta and posterior to the sternum. It generates t-cells lymphocytes.
Tonsils – small masses off lymphoid tissue on side of the pharynx. It provides protection
against pathogens that enters body through mouth or nose.

NERVOUS SYSTEM

NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating

system in the body. It receives information from both outside and inside the body, gathered
by sensors such as the eyes and proprioceptors then sends out instruction to effectors
such as muscles and glands to make the body react. It enables a person to think, create,
remember, and fel. It is also responsible for regulation of internal events such as heart rate
or body temperature.
2 MAIN PARTS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM:

1. Central Nervous System – brain and spinal cord

2. Peripheral Nervous System – Somatic Nervous System – Somatic and
Autonomic System.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The respiratory system takes air into the body, and facilitates the entry of oxygen
into the blood stream which carries it to all body cells. At the same time the respiratory
system removes carbon dioxide which would poison the body if allowed to accumulate
and expels it from the body into the atmosphere.
 The respiratory system consists of the lungs through which oxygen enters, and
carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream, and the airways are the nose, pharynx (throat)
larynx, trachea, and bronchi that carry the air between the lungs and the atmosphere. Air
is sucked into and pushed out of the lungs by the action of breathing.

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT

1. Nose – where air passes and organ of smell

2. Pharynx – serves both digestive and respiratory system

LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT

1. Trachea – windpipe, transport air to and from lungs

2. Bronchi, bronchioles – where the air entering the lung are sent to each lung.
3. Lung – transport air to alveoli for gas exchange.

ACCESSORY

1. Diaphragm – muscular partition that separates abdominal and thoracic cavities

PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION

1. Inspiration – (inhalation) the process of taking air into the lungs.

2. Expiration – (exhalation) the process of letting air out of the lungs.

DIGESTIVE SYSYTEM

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The digestive system is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food and
water and for the elimination of solid wastes. Food contains nutrients essential for normal
cell function, growth, and repair, therefore to keep the body alive. Digestion is the breaking
down of complex nutrients into simple substances that can be absorbed by the body.
ALIMENTARY CANAL

1. Mouth – chewing and breaking down of food

2. Pharynx – swallowing mechanism of food
3. Esophagus – serves as passage of food
4. Stomach – digestion takes place
5. Small intestine – absorption takes place
6. Large intestine – food further process and ends up as feces
7. Anus – exit of waste products

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE ORGANS

1. Liver – detoxifies drugs and alcohol

2. Gall bladder – serves as reservoir of bile
3. Pancreas – produces the digestive enzyme

URINARY SYSTEM

The urinary system is one of the four excretory pathways of the body. It consist of
2 kidneys which produce urine, 2 ureters, which convey urine to the bladder, and the
urethra which discharges urine from the bladder. The kidneys are carrying out 2 major
functions, first, is excretion of unwanted and potentially poisonous metabolic wastes
produced by cells. The second, is regulation or removal of excess water and salts (such
as sodium and potassium salts) in order to maintain constant levels of water and salts in
the blood and other body fluids.

ORGANS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

1. Kidneys – are bean shaped organ lying behind the parietal peritoneum against the
muscles of the posterior abdominal wall, just above the waist line. It is a site of
urine production.
 2. Ureters – the ureters are to tubes, one for each kidney, which function to convey
urine from the kidneys to the bladder. It connects kidneys to urinary bladder.
3. Urinary bladder – serves as storage for urine. The urinary bladder and lies
posterior to the symphysispubis, it is separated from the rectum by the seminal
vesicles in the male and by the vagina and uterus in the female.
4. Urethra – for male passageway for expulsion of urine and semen. For female:
passage way for expulsion of urine from the body.

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

The endocrine system releases chemicals known as hormones that are carried by
the blood and regulate the metabolic activities of cells thereby controlling processes such
as growth, metabolism, and reproduction, the nervous system works more slowly and has
longer lasting effects, the two system interact to control body activities. Endocrine glands
or ductless glands, release their secretion (hormones) into the bloodstream. The major
endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and adrenal. Other
organs, including the testes, ovaries, and pancreas have significant areas of endocrine
tissue and are also considered as endocrine gland.

ORGANS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:

1. Pituitary gland – master gland; regulates metabolism growth, sexual

2. Thyroid gland – influences the rate of body metabolism
3. Parathyroid – important in the control of calcium metabolism
4. Thymus – stimulate the immune system
5. Pancreas – secretes insulin when carbohydrates are being digested.
6. Adrenal gland – produces hormones that balance electrolytes and water in the
body.
7. Ovary – female organ which produce sex female hormones and spermatozoa.
 What is it?
Self-Check 1.1

IDENTIFICATION:

Direction: Identify the organ system being described. Choose the answers from the
options below. Write your answers in your answer sheets.

Endocrine System Urinary System

Muscular System Respiratory System
Digestive System Integumentary System

1. It consists of 2 kidneys which produce urine, 2 ureters, which convey urine to the
bladder, and the urethra which discharges urine from the bladder.
2. composed of skin, hair, nails, oil glands, and sweat glands.
The function of this organ system is for protection, regulates body temperature,
sensory reception.
3. It is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food and water and for the
elimination of solid wastes.
4. It releases chemicals known as hormones that are carried by the blood and
regulate the metabolic activities of cells thereby controlling processes such as
growth, metabolism, and reproduction, the nervous system works more slowly
and has longer lasting effects, the two system interact to control body activities.
5. This organ system takes air into the body, and facilitates the entry of oxygen into
the blood stream which carries it to all body cells.

Post-Test
 Multiple Choice: Read the statement carefully, then choose the correct answer
from the options given. Write your answer in your TLE note book.

1. _______details that will enable to contact the client quickly.

A. Massage analysis
B. Personal details
C. Contra-indication
D. Other information
2. The lymphatic drainage system removes excess _______.
A. fats
B. fluid
C. water
D. sweat from all over the body, returning it into the bloodstream
3. Organ system – these are group of organs that work together to a larger, more
complex functions.
A. Organ
B. Organ System
C. Cell
D. Tissue
4. Is a measurement of heart rate or the number of times the heart beat per minute
A. Temperature
B. blood pressure
C. pulse rate
D. respiration
5. The normal blood pressure for adults
A. 70/40 – 90/60
B. Over 90/60 – 120/80
C. Over 120/80 – 140/90
D. Over 140/90 -190/100
6. The number of breaths an adult takes per minute
A. 30 – 40 cycle per minute
B. 23 – 35 cpm
C. 20 - 30 cpm
D. 12- 28 cpm
7. Also called Cardinal Sign which is used to measure the body’s basic functions.
These measurements are taken to help assess the general health of a person.
A. Vital Signs
B. Client Intake Form
C. Pulse rate
D. Health History
8. The fluid which circulates throughout the body carrying nourishment and oxygen
to the cell and tissues, and at the same time takes away wastes matter and carbon
dioxide.
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Blood
D. intestine
9. It is sometimes referred to as breathing rate, is the number of breaths taken per
minute
A. Respiration Rate
B. Body Temperature
 C. Blood Pressure
D. Heart Rate
10. An Important organ system that provides a strong, internal framework that support
the body and protection for vital organ.
A. Digestive system
B. Skeletal system
C. Circulatory system
D. Muscular system

What’s more to do?

Assignment/Additional Activities

Practice, Practice, Practice!!!

Practice in getting the following vital signs:

A. Respiratory rate
B. Heart Rate
C. Body Temperature

Answer Key

Pre test/Post Test Self- Check 1.1

1. B 1. Urinary
2. B 2. Integumentary
3. B 3. Digestive
4. B 4. Endocrine
5. B 5. Respiratory
6. D.
7. A.
8. C.
9. A.
10. B

References:
• DepEd k-12 Grade 10 Learners Material Wellness massage
• https://pixabay.com
• https://www.shutterstock.com
• https://www.123rf.com
• CBLM- Grade 10