AoPS Community 2019 AIME Problems

AIME Problems 2019

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c847267
by LauraZed, InflateGate, Vfire, phi ftw1618, P Groudon, rrusczyk, djmathman, proshi, asp211, a1b2, pop-
corn1, fatant, AOPS12142015, DeathLlama9

– I

– March 13th, 2019

1 Consider the integer

N = 9 + 99 + 999 + 9999 + · · · + 99
| .{z
. . 99} .
321 digits

Find the sum of the digits of N .

2 Jenn randomly chooses a number J from 1, 2, 3, . . . , 19, 20. Bela then randomly chooses a num-
ber B from 1, 2, 3, . . . , 19, 20 distinct from J. The value of B − J is at least 2 with a probability
that can be expressed in the form m n where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find
m + n.

3 In 4P QR, P R = 15, QR = 20, and P Q = 25. Points A and B lie on P Q, points C and D lie on
QR, and points E and F lie on P R, with P A = QB = QC = RD = RE = P F = 5. Find the
area of hexagon ABCDEF .

4 A soccer team has 22 available players. A fixed set of 11 players starts the game, while the
other 11 are available as substitutes. During the game, the coach may make as many as 3 sub-
stitutions, where any one of the 11 players in the game is replaced by one of the substitutes.
No player removed from the game may reenter the game, although a substitute entering the
game may be replaced later. No two substitutions can happen at the same time. The players
involved and the order of the substitutions matter. Let n be the number of ways the coach can
make substitutions during the game (including the possibility of making no substitutions).
Find the remainder when n is divided by 1000.

5 A moving particle starts at the point (4, 4) and moves until it hits one of the coordinate axes
for the first time. When the particle is at the point (a, b), it moves at random to one of the
points (a − 1, b), (a, b − 1), or (a − 1, b − 1), each with probability 13 , independently of its previ-
ous moves. The probability that it will hit the coordinate axes at (0, 0) is 3mn , where m and n are
positive integers, and m is not divisible by 3. Find m + n.

6 In convex quadrilateral KLM N side M N is perpendicular to diagonal KM , side KL is per-

pendicular to diagonal LN , M N = 65, and KL = 28. The line through L perpendicular to side
KN intersects diagonal KM at O with KO = 8. Find M O.

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AoPS Community 2019 AIME Problems

7 There are positive integers x and y that satisfy the system of equations
log10 x + 2 log10 (gcd(x, y)) = 60
log10 y + 2 log10 (lcm(x, y)) = 570.
Let m be the number of (not necessarily distinct) prime factors in the prime factorization of x,
and let n be the number of (not necessarily distinct) prime factors in the prime factorization
of y. Find 3m + 2n.

8 Let x be a real number such that sin10 x + cos10 x = 36

11
. Then sin12 x + cos12 x = m
n where m and
n are relatively prime positive integers. Find m + n.

9 Let τ (n) denote the number of positive integer divisors of n. Find the sum of the six least
positive integers n that are solutions to τ (n) + τ (n + 1) = 7.

10 For distinct complex numbers z1 , z2 , . . . , z673 , the polynomial

(x − z1 )3 (x − z2 )3 · · · (x − z673 )3
can be expressed as x2019 + 20x2018 + 19x2017 + g(x), where g(x) is a polynomial with complex
coefficients and with degree at most 2016. The value of
 
 X 
 

 zj zk 
1≤j<k≤673 

can be expressed in the form n,

m
where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find
m + n.

11 In 4ABC, the sides have integers lengths and AB = AC. Circle ω has its center at the incenter
of 4ABC. An excircle of 4ABC is a circle in the exterior of 4ABC that is tangent to one side
of the triangle and tangent to the extensions of the other two sides. Suppose that the excircle
tangent to BC is internally tangent to ω, and the other two excircles are both externally tangent
to ω. Find the minimum possible value of the perimeter of 4ABC.

12 Given f (z) = z 2 − 19z, there are complex numbers z with the property that z, f (z), and f (f (z))
are the vertices of a right triangle in the complex plane with a right angle at f (z). There are
√
positive integers m and n such that one such value of z is m + n + 11i. Find m + n.

13 Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 4, BC = 5, and CA = 6. Points D and E are on ray AB
with AB < AD < AE. The point F 6= C is a point of intersection of the circumcircles √ of 4ACD
a+b c
and 4EBC satisfying DF = 2 and EF = 7. Then BE can be expressed as d , where a, b,
c, and d are positive integers such that a and d are relatively prime, and c is not divisible by the
square of any prime. Find a + b + c + d.

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AoPS Community 2019 AIME Problems

14 Find the least odd prime factor of 20198 + 1.

15 Let AB be a chord of a circle ω, and let P be a point on the chord AB. Circle ω1 passes through
A and P and is internally tangent to ω. Circle ω2 passes through B and P and is internally
tangent to ω. Circles ω1 and ω2 intersect at points P and Q. Line P Q intersects ω at X and Y .
Assume that AP = 5, P B = 3, XY = 11, and P Q2 = m n , where m and n are relatively prime
positive integers. Find m + n.

–
These problems are copyright © Mathematical Association of America (http://maa.org).

– II

– March 21st, 2019

1 Points C 6= D lie on the same side of line AB so that 4ABC and 4BAD are congruent with
AB = 9, BC = AD = 10, and CA = DB = 17. The intersection of these two triangular regions
has area mn , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find m + n.

2 Lily pads 1, 2, 3, . . . lie in a row on a pond. A frog makes a sequence of jumps starting on pad
1. From any pad k the frog jumps to either pad k + 1 or pad k + 2 chosen randomly and inde-
pendently with probability 21 . The probability that the frog visits pad 7 is pq , where p and q are
relatively prime positive integers. Find p + q.

3 Find the number of 7-tuples of positive integers (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) that satisfy the following sys-
tems of equations:

abc = 70,
cde = 71,
ef g = 72.

4 A standard six-sided fair die is rolled four times. The probability that the product of all four
numbers rolled is a perfect square is m n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers.
Find m + n.

5 Four ambassadors and one advisor for each of them are to be seated at a round table with 12
chairs numbered in order from 1 to 12. Each ambassador must sit in an even-numbered chair.
Each advisor must sit in a chair adjacent to his or her ambassador. There are N ways for the 8

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AoPS Community 2019 AIME Problems

people to be seated at the table under these conditions. Find the remainder when N is divided
by 1000.

6 In a Martian civilization, all logarithms whose bases are not specified are assumed to be base
b, for some fixed b ≥ 2. A Martian student writes down
√
3 log( x log x) = 56
loglog(x) (x) = 54

and finds that this system of equations has a single real number solution x > 1. Find b.

7 Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 120, BC = 220, and AC = 180. Lines `A , `B , and `C are
drawn parallel to BC, AC, and AB, respectively, such that the intersection of `A , `B , and `C with
the interior of 4ABC are segments of length 55, 45, and 15, respectively. Find the perimeter of
the triangle whose sides lie on `A , `B , and `C .

8 The polynomial f (z) = az 2018 + bz 2017 + cz 2016 has real coefficients not exceeding 2019, and
√ √
f ( 2 ) = 2015 + 2019 3i. Find the remainder when f (1) is divided by 1000.
1+ 3i

9 Call a positive integer n k-pretty if n has exactly k positive divisors and n is divisible by k. For
example, 18 is 6-pretty. Let S be the sum of positive integers less than 2019 that are 20-pretty.
Find 20
S
.

10 There is a unique angle θ between 0◦ and 90◦ such that for nonnegative integers n, the value
of tan (2n θ) is positive when n is a multiple of 3, and negative otherwise. The degree measure
of θ is pq , where p and q are relatively prime integers. Find p + q.

11 Triangle ABC has side lengths AB = 7, BC = 8, and CA = 9. Circle ω1 passes through B

and is tangent to line AC at A. Circle ω2 passes through C and is tangent to line AB at A. Let
K be the intersection of circles ω1 and ω2 not equal to A. Then AK = m n , where m and n are
relatively prime positive integers. Find m + n.

12 For n ≥ 1 call a finite sequence (a1 , a2 . . . an ) of positive integers progressive if ai < ai+1 and
ai divides ai+1 for all 1 ≤ i ≤ n − 1. Find the number of progressive sequences such that the
sum of the terms in the sequence is equal to 360.

13 Regular octagon A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 is inscribed in a circle of area 1. Point P lies inside the

circle so that the region bounded by P A1 , P A2 , and the minor arc A\ 1 A2 of the circle has area 7 ,
1

while the region bounded by P A3 , P A4 , and the minor arc A \3 A4 of the circle has area 9 . There
1

is a positive integer n such

√
that the area of the region bounded by P A6 , P A7 , and the minor
arc A
\ A
6 7 is equal to 1
8 − n Find n.
2
.

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AoPS Community 2019 AIME Problems

14 Find the sum of all positive integers n such that, given an unlimited supply of stamps of de-
nominations 5, n, and n + 1 cents, 91 cents is the greatest postage that cannot be formed.

15 In acute triangle ABC points P and Q are the feet of the perpendiculars from C to AB and from
B to AC, respectively. Line P Q intersects the circumcircle of 4ABC in two distinct points, X
and Y . Suppose XP = 10, P Q = 25, and QY = 15. The value of AB · AC can be written in
√
the form m n where m and n are positive integers, and n is not divisible by the square of any
prime. Find m + n.

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