Institute of Science and Technology

Tribhuvan University

Mount Annapurna Campus

Parshyang-Pokhara, 05

Case Study

On

E-Governance (CSC-366)

(Social Security Allowance)

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Department of BSC.CSIT Pushpa Regmi

Mount Annapurna Campus, Mabisha Koirala
Parshyang-Pokhara, 05 Poonam Bhandari
Anita Lamichhane
Binay Adhikari

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are really grateful because we managed to complete our case study of E-Governance on
‘Social Security Allowance’ within the time given by our lecturer Mr. Drigha Thapa. This
case study cannot be completed without the effort and corporation from our group members,
Pushpa Regmi, Binay Adhikari, Poonam Bhandari, Mabisha Koirala and Anita
Lamichhane. We would like to thank to the department of BSC.CSIT Mount Annapurna
Campus for the guidance and encouragement in this case study. Similarly, we also sincerely
thank to the members of the ‘Pokhara Metropolitan IT Department’ for the guidance and
providing the data and information in finishing this case study. Last but not the least, we would
like to express our gratitude to our friends and respondents for the support and willingness to
spend some time with us to fill in the questionnaires.

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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................. 2
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... 5
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 8
1.1 Introduction to E-Governance ........................................................................... 8
1.2 Objective of e-governance ....................................................................................... 9
1.3 Features of e-governance .................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................ 10
2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Objective .............................................................................................................. 11
2.3 Social Security Funding...................................................................................... 12
2.4 History of Social Security Funding: .................................................................. 12
2.5 Initial Objectives of Social Security Funding.................................................... 12
2.6 Target Audience .................................................................................................. 12
2.7 Materials and technologies used ........................................................................ 13
CHAPTER 3: SOCIAL SECURITY FUNDING IN NEPAL ……............................ 14
3.1 History of SSF in Nepal .............................................................................. 14
3.2 Current legal/policy framework of social security: ........................................ 14
3.3 Structural provision of Social Security: ........................................................ 16
3.4 Social Security Scenario ............................................................... 16
3.5 Social Security Arrangement in Formal Sector: .................................... 18
3.6 Universal Social Security Schemes........................................................... 18
3.7 Beneficiaries of Universal SS Scheme........................................................ 19
3.8 Annual budget and social Security Expenditure................................................ 20
3.9 Inter-organizational Relationship & process of Social Security………………..21

CHAPTER 4 : The Social Security Act, 2075 (2018)...............………………………...................... 22

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CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION........................................................................................ 36
5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 36
5.2 Limitation ........................................................................................................... 36
5.3 Future improvement ......................................................................................... 37
References ......................................................................................................................... 38

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Structural provision of Social Security........................................................ 16

Figure 2: Social Security Arrangement in Formal Sector..................................... 18

Figure 3:Beneficiaries of Universal SS Scheme ................................................ 19

Figure 4:Annual Budget and Social Security Exp.................................................... 20

Figure 5:Inter-organizational Relationship & Process of social-security. ........................ 21

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS :

ICT: Information and communication Technology

FY: Fiscal Year
SS: Social Security
HIB: Health Insurance Board
IEC/BCC: Information Education Communication/Behaviour Change Communication
MIS: Management Information System
IT: Information Technology
ILO: International Labour Organization
SSF: Social Security Fund

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction to E-governance

Electronic governance or e-governance can be defined as the usage of information and communication
technology (ICT) by the government to provide and facilitate government services, exchange information,
communication transactions and integration of various standalone systems and services. A new paradigm
shift has been developed in the field of governance by the application of ICT in the processes of
governing called Electronic-

Governance or E-Governance. Successful implementation of e-Governance practices offers better

delivery of services to citizens, improved interactions with business and industry, citizen empowerment
through access to information, better management, greater convenience,

revenue growth, cost reductions etc. One of the most modern initiatives to establish good
governance is e-governance. At present, the features of e-governance are observed in almost all developed
or underdeveloped and developing countries for fostering their developmental

process. So, its importance in today’s world is immense.

E-governance raises the transparency, accountability, efficiency, and effectiveness and inclusiveness in
the governing process in terms of reliable access to the information within government, between
government, national, state, municipal, and local level governments, citizens, and businesses and
empowers business through access and use of information.

The main focus of the E-Governance or electronic governance is to provide transparent, equitable, and
accountable service delivery to the citizens. The aim of the e-governance facilitates and improves the
quality of governance and ensures people’s participation in the governing process through electronic
means like e-mail, websites, SMS connectivity, and others.

1.2 Objective of e-governance

 One of the basic objectives of e-governance is to make every information of the
government available to all in the public interest.
 One of its goals is to create a cooperative structure between the government and
the people and to seek help and advice from the people, to make the government
aware of the problems of the people.
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  To increase and encourage people’s participation in the governance process.
 e-Governance improves the country’s information and communication
technology and electronic media, with the aim of strengthening the country’s
economy by keeping governments, people and businesses in tune with the
modern world.
 One of its main objectives is to establish transparency and accountability in the
governance process.
 To reduce government spending on information and services.

1.3 Features of e-governance

It has been proven from the concept of e-governance that it is a powerful means of public service in the
present era. Some of its features can be found by observing the functioning of e- governance. [3]

 De bureaucratization: Due to e-governance, the gap between the people and the
government in all the services of the government is narrowing and the
dependence of the people on the bureaucracy is also greatly reduced.
 E-Services: Its main feature is the provision of services through the Internet. As
a result, we get G2C, G2B, G2E, etc. services. This is already discussed in the
section of ‘types of governance’.
 International Services: through e-governance, all the essential services can be
delivered to the citizens who are living outside of their country for job purposes
or any other reasons.
 It enhances the right to express to the citizens. Using the means of e-governance
anyone can share their views with the government on any bill or act or decision
taken by the government.
 Economic Development: With the introduction of e-governance, various
information like import-export, registration of companies, investment situations,
etc. are available through the internet. As a result, time is saved, procrastination
decreases, and economic dynamism increases.
 Reduce inequality: using e-governance tools everyone can gather information
and empower themselves. In this globalized world, knowledge is power, and
means of e- governance empower us by providing relevant information at
minimal cost, effort, and time.

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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction
The Government of Nepal has introduced social security protection to provide coverage for the valuable
human resources in the country. The coverage is based on participation of the social partners through a
contribution payment system. This introduction is a major step forward in the government’s planned
approach to reducing poverty that could result from contingencies affecting the workforce as well as
supporting workers and their families. The schemes provide financial guarantees to employees and their
families in the event of a contingency as well as cover their medical needs.

Social security protection is provided for maternity, sickness, employment injury, old age and
retrenchment in accordance with internationally accepted principles. A medical scheme in addition cover
payments for treatment of medical conditions. The schemes will initially cover the formal sector and will
be extended to the other sectors gradually. The vision of the government is to provide comprehensive
social security coverage to the population.

The maternity scheme covers prenatal and postnatal medical needs of female employee. Maternity
benefits for 98 days paid under the scheme supports the female employee financially while relieving the
employer of paying wages for the period. Male employees receive a paternity benefit as well as a
maternity grant when the spouse delivers. Medical benefit to the newly born for a three-month period is
designed to develop a healthy new generation.

A sickness scheme coupled with the medical scheme reduces the financial burden of families and
supports early recovery. Inpatient and outpatient treatment in government hospitals covers all forms of
treatment assisting to returning the employee to the workplace.

Occupational Health and Safety measures are put into place to prevent accidents. However, employment
related accidents do occur and the employment injury schemes provides full coverage. The scheme covers
all medical costs, replacement of earnings, rehabilitation, provision of artificial limbs and retraining of the
injured employee. Dependents receive benefits for life in the event of a fatality.

An old age pension scheme would provide monthly pensions to retirees ensuring their financial
independence. The scheme also covers dependents in the event of death of the pensioner. Invalidity or
10
permanent disablement due to serious illnesses or death before retirement would be considered to ensure
the protection of the families of the employee.

A gratuity scheme recognizes the contribution made by the employee to economic development and
provides coverage in the event of retrenchment.

The labor force and their families through these schemes are provided with both financial and non-
financial support. Social security coverage improves productivity, promotes industrial harmony and
supports the government policy of poverty prevention. The employee receives efficient services from the
Social Security Fund that guarantees the payment of benefits. Employers by complying with the
requirements of the schemes transfer all their liabilities of benefit payments to the Social Security Fund
and are empowered to pursue developmental human resource policies leading to greater national
prosperity.

This page was created with the purpose of linking the materials available on the socialprotection.org
platform related to government work of Nepal. The page does not represent an official communication
channel of the country.

2.2 Objective
Social security protection is provided for maternity, sickness, employment injury, old age and
retrenchment in accordance with internationally accepted principles. A medical scheme in addition cover
payments for treatment of medical conditions. The schemes will initially cover the formal sector and will
be extended to the other sectors gradually. The vision of the government is to provide comprehensive
social security coverage to the population.
The maternity scheme covers prenatal and postnatal medical needs of female employee. Maternity
benefits for 98 days paid under the scheme supports the female employee financially while relieving the
employer of paying wages for the period. Male employees receive a paternity benefit as well as a
maternity grant when the spouse delivers. Medical benefit to the newly born for a three-month period is
designed to develop a healthy new generation.
A sickness scheme coupled with the medical scheme reduces the financial burden of families and
supports early recovery. Inpatient and outpatient treatment in government hospitals covers all forms of
treatment assisting to returning the employee to the workplace.
Occupational Health and Safety measures are put into place to prevent accidents. However, employment
related accidents do occur and the employment injury schemes provides full coverage. The scheme covers
all medical costs, replacement of earnings, rehabilitation, provision of artificial limbs and retraining of the
injured employee. Dependents receive benefits for life in the event of a fatality.
An old age pension scheme would provide monthly pensions to retirees ensuring their financial
independence. The scheme also covers dependents in the event of death of the pensioner. Invalidity or
permanent disablement due to serious illnesses or death before retirement would be considered to ensure
the protection of the families of the employee.
A gratuity scheme recognizes the contribution made by the employee to economic development and
provides coverage in the event of retrenchment.
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2.3 Social Security Management system

The social security Fund of Government of Nepal use sosys.ssf.gov.np website which provide the interface
for Employer registration , Employer portal and contributor portal. The various instruction for Employer
registration, contributor portal Employer portal are provided on the site.

2.4 History of Social Security Funding

The first social security programme based on compulsory insurance were established in Europe in the
late-19th century. It was during the 20th century, however, that national social security programs
developed more widely around the globe, not least as a result of decolonization and the institution of new
independent states after World War Two. The development of social security has also been supported by
various international conventions and instruments, and the recognition of social security as a basic human
right was enshrined in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In a few countries, for example
Germany and Brazil, social security is a right guaranteed by the Constitution. Today, most countries have
some type of social security system. Worldwide, the most common type of programme is for old-age,
disability, and survivors' pensions, followed by programmes for benefits for work injuries and
occupational diseases, sickness and maternity, family allowances and unemployment.

2.5Initial Objectives of IMIS

Reduce poverty and impoverishment, by including a broader and poorer segment of the
population in the social protection system.

2.6 Target Audience

1. Entire population
2. Insurance mutual project staff and health authorities under the Ministry of Health and
4 Welfare.

2.7 Materials and technologies used

Smartphone
12
 Computer
Internet
Mobile app (Android, iOS, Windows Phone, HTML5, etc.) or web browser

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 CHAPTER 3: Social Security Funding in Nepal
3.1 History of Social Security in Nepal

• Army Provident Fund (Sainik Drabya Kosh) –1934 (BS1991)

• Non Contributory Pension Schemes for Government Employees –

1936 (BS1993)

• Civil Servant Provident Fund –1944 (BS 2001)

• Employees Provident Fund –1962 (BS 2019)

• First appeared in planning documents in 1985.

• Citizen Investment Trust – 1990 (BS 2047)

• Social Security Allowance to Elder Citizen –1994 (BS 2051)

• Concept of Retirement Fund by Income Tax Act –2001 (BS 2058)

• Social Security Tax –2009 (BS 2066)

• Social Security Fund – 2009 (BS 2066)

3.2 Current Legal/Policy Framework of Social

Security

• Constitution of Nepal – 2015 (BS 2072)

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• Employees Provident Fund Act –1962 (BS 2019)

• Citizen Investment Trust Act – 1990 (BS 2047)

• Civil Servant Act – 1993 (BS 2049)

• Civil Servant Regulation – 1993 (BS 2049)

• Labor Act and Regulation – 1991/92 (BS 2048/49)

• Bonus Act – 1974 ( BS 2030)

• Income Tax Act –2001 (BS 2058)

• Senior Citizen Act – 2006 ( BS 2063)

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3.3 Structural provision of Social Security

3.4. Social Security Scenario

• Coverage - around 2.7 percent of the Population between

the age of 15 – 60 years

• Contingency and Structured of benefits

– Formal Sector (Gov. Employee, PE, etc.)

• Universal schemes

– General people
» Old Age
» Disable
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» Widow etc.

• No social security schemes

–Informal sector and self employees

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3.5. Social Security Arrangement in Formal Sector

3.6 Universal Social Security Schemes

Promotional Social Security for Citizen

• Senior Citizen (70+ ) – NRs 1000 /Month

• Widow Women - NRs 500 / Month

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• Marginalized Citizen - NRs 1000 / Month

• Full Differently able - NRs 1000/Month

• Partially Differently able - NRs 300 /Month

• Pregnant women who give child birth
(in Govt. Hospital) - NRs 1000

• Child Protection - NRs 200 /Month

(Karnali Zone and Dalit (Lower Cast) of other Zone)

3.7. Beneficiaries of Universal SS Scheme

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3.8 Annual Budget and Social Security Exp.

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 onal Relationship & Process of social-security.

3.9. Inter-
organizati Chapter 4
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 The Social Security Act, 2075 (2018)
Date of Authentication:
2075.06.02 (18 September 2018)

An Act Made to Provide for Social Security

Whereas, it is expedient to make necessary provisions on the protection of the right

to social security of the indigent citizens, incapacitated and helpless citizens, helpless single
women, citizens with disabilities, children, citizens who are unable to take care themselves
and citizens belonging to the tribes on the verge of extinction, in accordance with the
Constitution;

Now, therefore, be it enacted by the Federal Parliament.

Chapter-1
Preliminary
1. Short title and commencement: (1) This Act may be cited as the "Social Security
Act, 2075 (2018).”
(2) This Act shall commence immediately.
2. Definitions: Unless the subject or the context otherwise requires, in this Act, -
(a) "Incapacitated and helpless" means those persons who are indigent
economically and incapacitated to make labor physically or mentally, and have
no family members for maintaining and taking care of them.
(b) "Citizens with disabilities" means those persons referred to in Section 8,
who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory disabilities or
functional impairments or existing barriers that may hinder their full and
effective participation in social life on an equal basis with others.
(c) "Helpless single women” means the women referred to in Section 7, who
have no basis, income source or property for making the life, are
incapacitated and helpless having income less than that specified by the
Government of Nepal by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette.
(d) "Indigent" means those persons who earn income less than that specified
by the Government of Nepal by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette.
(e) "Citizens unable to take care themselves” means the persons who are certified
by the medical doctor that they are in a condition of being unable to take care

22
 themselves due to suffering from diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's,
spinal cord injury, brain hemorrhage, mental retardation, paralysis, sickle cell
anemia, mental unsoundness and autism.

(f) "Prescribed" or "as prescribed" means prescribed or as prescribed in the

rules framed under this Act.
(g) “Tribes on the verge of extinction” means the tribes referred to in the
Schedule.
(h) “Persons entitled to social security” means the Nepali citizens who are
entitled to social security allowance pursuant to this Act.
(i) “Social security” means cash, allowance or support to be provided to
thecitizens entitled to social security pursuant to this Act.
(i) “Local Level” means the Rural Municipality or Municipality.

Chapter-2
Social Security
3. Entitlement to social security: (1) The following Nepali citizens shall have the
right to get the social security allowance:
(a) Senior citizens,
(b) Indigent,
(c) Incapacitated and helpless persons,
(d) Helpless single women,
(e) Citizens with disabilities,
(f) Children,
(g) Citizens unable to take care themselves.
(2) The allowances to be distributed pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be
distributed in the name of social security.

4. Senior citizen allowance: (1) The Dalit and single women senior citizens, after
completing the age of sixty years, and other senior citizens, after completing the age
of seventy years, shall get the senior citizen allowance as prescribed by the
Government of Nepal, as the social security allowance.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the Government of
Nepal may, by specifying any certain area, provide such allowance also the senior
23
 citizens who are living in such area and have not completed the age referred to in sub-
section (1).

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 5. Destitute citizen allowance: The destitute citizens shall get the destitute citizen
allowance in a sum as specified by the Government of Nepal as the social security
allowance as prescribed.
6. Incapacitated and helpless allowance: The citizens who incapacitated and helpless
shall get the incapacitated and helpless allowance in a sum as specified by the
Government of Nepal as the social security allowance as prescribed.
7. Helpless single woman allowance: (1) The following helpless single women who have
completed the age of sixty years shall get the helpless single woman allowance in a sum
as specified by the Government of Nepal as the social security allowance as prescribed:
(a) Who have not had second marriage after getting divorced,
(b) Widows,
(c) Who are living upon getting legal separation,
(d) Unmarried.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), even the helpless
single women referred to in clauses (a), (b), and (c) of sub-section (1), who have not
completed the age of sixty years, have no source of income to make a living, have
income less than that fixed by the Government of Nepal and cannot labor shall get such
a facility.

8. Disability allowance: The citizens with total disability shall get the disability allowance
in a sum specified by the Government of Nepal as the social security allowance.
9. Child nutrition allowance: (1) The children who are extremely destitute, on the verge
of extinction and such children who have not completed the age of five years as
specified by the Government of Nepal shall get the child nutrition allowance in a sum
specified by the Government of Nepal as the social security allowance.
(2) The procedures for providing the child nutrition allowance pursuant to sub-
section (1) to the children shall be as prescribed.

10. Tribe on the verge of extinction allowance: (1) The citizens belonging to the tribes on
the verge of extinction shall get the social security allowance specified by the
Government of Nepal.
(2) The procedures for providing the allowance to the tribes on the verge of
extinction pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be as prescribed.

25
 11. Care allowance for those who are unable to take care of themselves: (1) The citizens
who are unable to take care of themselves shall get the social security allowance
specified by the Government of Nepal.
(2) The procedures for providing the allowance to the citizens who are unable
to take care of themselves pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be as prescribed.

12. Application to be made: (1) A person who is entitled to get the social security
allowance pursuant to Section 3 shall make an application to the Local Level concerned
to get the social security allowance referred to in this Act.
Provided that, on behalf of the person who cannot make application himself or
herself, his or her guardian curator or caretaker may make such application.

(2) While making an application pursuant to sub-section (1) for the social
security allowance receivable by the children pursuant to Section 9, evidence of the
record of birth registration shall also be submitted.
(3) In cases where an application is received pursuant to sub-section (1) or (2),
the Local Level shall make decision by taking necessary action within seven days.
(4) While taking action pursuant to sub-section (3), if it appears that the
applicant is not entitled to the social security allowance, information thereof in writing,
setting out the reason, shall be given to the applicant.
(5) The format of application referred to in sub-section (1) and documents to
beattached therewith shall be as prescribed.
(6) A person who does not wish to receive the social security allowance pursuant
to this Section shall make a self-declaration that he or she will not receive the social
security allowance and give information to the concerned Local Level.
(7) In cases where any citizen does not wish to receive the social security
allowance pursuant to sub-section (6), the concerned Local Level shall honor such a
person by maintaining the records thereof.
13. Not to get double social security: (1) In cases where any citizen is entitled to more
than one kind of social security allowances pursuant to Section 3 of this Act, he or she
shall get only one social security allowance chosen by him or her.
(2) In cases where any citizen is entitled to the same kind of facility pursuant to
this Act and the prevailing law, he or she may get only one of the facilities chosen by
him or her.
26
 (3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (1) and (2), the children
who have got allowances under the other prevailing laws may also get the allowance
referred to in Section 9.
14. To get facilities under the prevailing law: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in
Section 13, this Act shall not bar the person who is entitled to the social security
allowance pursuant to this Act from receiving other kinds of social security to be
receivable under the prevailing law.
(2) Except in cases where the families of the martyrs who have sacrificed their
lives, of the persons subjected to enforced disappearance, warriors of democracy,
persons with disabilities, and those injured and victims, in the course of popular
movement, armed conflict and revolution having taken place for a progressive
democratic change in Nepal have got the social security pursuant to the prevailing law,
they shall get the security or honor as prescribed.
(3) The Government of Nepal may adopt a unified system on the provision of
the social security allowance to be provided pursuant to this Act and other social
security to be provided pursuant to the prevailing law.
15. Not being entitled to social security allowance: The following persons shall not get
the social security allowance referred to in this Act:
(a) The persons who are appointed, elected, nominated for any
governmentor public offices,
(b) The persons who are receiving pension from a government fund,
(c) The persons who are regularly receiving remuneration, pension,
retirement facility and other incentives in any other manner.
16. Identity card: (1) The concerned Local Level shall give identity cards in the prescribed
format to the persons entitled to get the social security allowance pursuant to this Act.
(2) The identity of the guardian, curator or caretaker of the person entitled to
get the social security allowance shall also be set out in the identity card to be given
pursuant to sub-section (1).
(3) The Local Level shall review, and update the records of, the identity cards
relating to disabilities every year.
(4) Other provisions relating to the identity cards to be given pursuant to sub-
section (1) shall be as prescribed.

27
 (5) The citizens who have not got the identity cards pursuant to sub-section (1)
shall not get the social security allowance.

28
 17. Distribution of social security allowance: (1) The Local Level shall distribute the social
security allowance on the basis of the identity cards referred to in Section 16.
(2) The process and modes for the distribution of social security by the Local
Level pursuant to sub-section (1) shall be as prescribed.
(3) The payment of the social security allowance shall be made only through
the banking system in such area and from such date as specified by the Government
ofNepal by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette.
18. To maintain records: (1) The Local Level shall maintain records of social security
distributed pursuant to this Act, in the prescribed format.
(2) The Local Level shall send the description of the distribution of social
security to the concerned body of the Government of Nepal in such format and with
such period as prescribed.
(3) Other provisions relating to the management of records referred to in sub-
section (1) shall be as prescribed.
19. To delete the name of person entitled to social security: (1) The Local Level shall
delete the name of a person who has got the social security allowance from its records
in any of the following conditions:
(a) Where the person entitled to the social security allowance has
migratedto elsewhere,
(b) Where the helpless single woman has got married,
(c) Where the person has been disqualified to get social security pursuant
tothis Act,
(d) Where the person has died,
(e) In such other conditions as prescribed.
(2) In cases where the person entitled to the social security allowance pursuant
to clause (a) of sub-section (1) is to migrate to another place, the Local Levelconcerned
shall mention that description in the identity card.

20. To manage budget by the Government of Nepal: (1) The Government of Nepal shall
have the obligation of the social security allowance pursuant to this Act.
(2) Additional social security allowance shall not be so distributed by the
Provincial and Local Governments under the respective headings that it is in
overlapping (duplication) with the social security allowance to be distributed by the
Government of Nepal.
29
 Chapter-3
Offences and
Punishment
21. Offences and punishment: (1) In cases where a person does any of the following acts,
he or she shall be deemed to have committed the offence under this Act:
(a) Taking the social security allowance by lying the description,
(b) Taking the social security allowance contrary to this Act or the Rules
framed under this Act,
(c) Misusing the social security allowance received by any person or using
it against his or her interest, by his or her guardian, curator or caretaker
or other person,
(d) Misusing of the social security allowance by the official who distributes
the social security allowance,
(e) Submitting a false description or making a false recommendation.
(2) In cases where a person commits any of the offences referred to in
clauses (a), (b), (c) and (e) of sub-section (1), the person shall be liable to a fine that is
equal to the claimed amount, after recovering the amount taken by him or her who
commits such offence.
(3) In cases where a person commits the offence referred to in clause (d) or
makes a false recommendation under clause (e) of sub-section (1), the concerned
official shall be punished under the prevailing law.
22. To make complaint: Any person may make a complaint on the offence under this Act
to the Judicial Committee of the concerned Local Level.
23. To try cases: (1) The Judicial Committee of the Local Level concerned shall try and
settle the cases other than that referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (1) of Section
21under this Act.
(2) The Judicial Committee shall try and settle the case referred to in sub-section
(1)) within one hundred and twenty days from the date of its filing.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (1) and (2), in cases
where a complaint related to the offence referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (1) of
Section 21 is made, such a complaint shall be sent to the body concerned for necessary
action.
30
 24. Appeal: A person who is not satisfied with the decision made by the Judicial
Committee pursuant to Section 23 may make an appeal to the District Court within
thirty-five days from the date of receipt of information of such decision.

31
 25. Punish imposable under the prevailing law: In cases where any act deemed to be an
offence under this Act is also deemed to be an offence under the prevailing law, nothing
contained in this Act shall be deemed to bar from instituting and proceeding the case
under the prevailing law on such an offence.

Chapter-4
Miscellano
us
26. Provision relating to monitoring: The provisions relating to the management of
records of the persons who get social security and monitoring of the distribution of
allowances shall be as prescribed.
27. Power to establish care center: The Government of Nepal, Provincial Government or
Local Level may establish and operate care centers, as prescribed, for taking care of the
orphan children, incapacitated and helpless persons, persons with disabilities and
seniorcitizens.
28. To make report: Every Local Level shall provide description of the distributed social
security allowance to the Government of Nepal and the concerned Provincial
Government on a four-monthly basis.
29. Power to frame Rules: The Government of Nepal may frame necessary Rules in order
to implement this Act.
Provided that nothing herein contain shall prevent the provision of such social
security allowances as being distributed by the Government of Nepal until the Rules
have been framed under this Act.

30. To make directives and procedures: The Ministry of the Government of Nepal looking
after the matters relating to federal affairs may make necessary directives and
procedures, subject to this Act and the Rules framed under this Act, on the distribution
of the social security allowance.
31. Power to alter the Schedule: The Government of Nepal may make necessary
alteration in the Schedule, by publishing a notice in the Nepal Gazette.

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 32. This Act to prevail: The matters contained herein shall be governed by this Act, and
the other matters shall be governed by the prevailing law.

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 Schedule
Relating to clause (g) of Section 2
Tribes on the verge of extinction

 Kusunda
 Raute
 Hayu
 Kisan
 Meche
 Bankariya
 Surel
 Raji
 Lopcha
 Kuswadiya (Pattharkatta, Silkat, Kushbadhiya and Kuchbadhiya)

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 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusion of the Case Study
It was a wonderful and learning experience while working on this case study. This case study took
us through the various phases that take place while registering for social security and the use of
electronic governance in this field.
Through this study we were able to study the problems taking place in complete digitization and
registration. Also as the students of BSC CSIT we are able to find the solutions to some of those
problems.

The resources, documents, guidelines, and information about this study have been collected from
various sources and are intended for informational purposes only. Information published on this
report does not represent the intention, plan, or strategies of an organization that the initiator
associated with in professional or personal capacity, unless explicitly indicated. Primary data are
collected directly from the field visit at the Pokhara Metropolition city office, Gandaki Province,
Pokhara with the help of IT officer Er.Ashok Dware.

5.2 Limitation
1. Sometimes we have to face server error which last for about 5 mins to 1 hour causing problems
in emergency situations.
2. The form is not digital making it lengthier and time-consuming process.
3. The registration helpers have to visit individual homes to collect data of the people and again
fill the details digitally in the server.
4. The digital photo gets uploaded without permission when the device is connected to network.
Hence the photos should be taken through offline device.
5. The renewal process is not digital hence takes lot of effort like the first registration process.
6. Digital payment system is not available.

5.3 Future improvement

1. Online form fill-up method should be available.
2. Digital payment system should be approved.
3. The renewal process should also be digital.

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5.4 Future Strategy:

• National SS Policy with DC Pension system

• Umbrella Act for SS Management
• Integrated Central Personnel Record Department
• Enhancing institutional capacity
• A contributory SS system will be implemented for all public authority and civil servants to be
appointed after the commencement of the coming Fiscal Year to provide SS and gratuity.
• Retirement age of civil servants will be reviewed: increasing liabilities for pension payment
and increased life expectancy.
• Social Security Schemes required for civil servants operated through establishing contributory
welfare fund .
• Reduce the financial burden of the state.

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References:
[1] “Cleartax,” 28 July 2021. [Online]. Available: https://cleartax.in/s/e-
governance.
[2] A. Biswas, SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, 23 March 2022 . [Online].
Available: https://schoolofpoliticalscience.com/author/avijit-biswas/.
[3] S. (. Kumar, E-Governance and Decentralized Planning in Kerala. , 25
February 2018. [Online]. Available: http://hdl.handle.net106038482..
[4] (PDF) Social Security & Pension System in Nepal (researchgate.net)
[5] Social Security Fund (ssf.gov.np)
[6] The-Social-Security-Act-2075-2018.pdf (lawcommission.gov.np)

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