For PPT Research

1st Page
THE COPING EXPERIENCES OF STUDENTS WHO OVERCOME LOW

SELF-ESTEEM
ROXAN B. CABALUNA
JOY S. CABURNAY
JERAMIE V. CAÑETE
SHELA MIE CODIZAR
KAREN M. SUAREZ
2ND and 3RD PAGE
RATIONALE
International : Özer and Korkman (2022)
Akbari & Sahibzada (2020)
National : Joaquin (2020)
Tus (2020)
Local : Moneva and Tribunalo (2020)
- In the Philippines, several studies focused on the self-esteem of college

students. However, the majority of these works looked into how they
developed to have poor self-esteem.
- These include teacher capacity, situation and context of the learner, and
efficiency of the learning environment.
- It has reached an understanding that parents, teachers, and academic
institutions should acknowledge the importance of self-image, self-
confidence, and self-worth that students of the present generation need to
improve.
- The lack of communication between parents and teachers makes it difficult
for students to feel motivated in their classes, which in turn affects their self-
esteem and behavior in class.
- considering that they are not well-exposed to participating activities that can
boost their self-confidence, especially academic activities.
- Instead of being given the chance or the encouragement to act publicly, they
rather perform or imitate the event in front of their classmates and peers.
- They were not given importance and neglected their presence due to the
reason that they cannot perform or expose themselves which will not benefit
the institution as well.
- Also, it highlights the researcher's personal experiences where they used to
live with other people’s opinions.
4TH and 5TH Slides

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Charles Horton Cooley (Looking Glass Theory) - people tend to internalize
what they imagine or think other people think of them. They are more likely to
believe they are ugly if they believe others do too. They are more likely to believe
they are kind if they believe others find them to be so.
Abraham Maslow ( Hierarchy of Needs Theory) – Esteem - To feel good about
the self, one must meet a variety of requirements, including those respect from
others, internal acceptance of the self, confidence, and success. According to
Palavan, 2017 states that students’ lack of self-confidence can cause students’
lack of motivation which as result can cause education to become compulsory
and make students show a negative attitude toward learning.
Carl Rogers (Humanistic Theory of Personality Development) - for a person
to "grow", they need an environment that provides them with genuineness
(openness and self-disclosure), acceptance (being seen with unconditional
positive regard), and empathy (being listened to and understood).
1 Charles Horton Cooley (Looking Glass Theory)
2 Abraham Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs Theory – Esteem) ESTEEM
3 Carl Roger (Humanistic Theory of Personality Development)

1- self-esteem is considered to be shaped by learning experiences, lived
throughout life, and a dynamic process, and it encompasses individual
perspectives and qualities of the self.
2- Esteem needs include self-assurance, courage, conviction in oneself, social
and personal acceptance, and respect from others. One of the most important
steps in achieving contentment or self-actualization is the fulfillment of these
requirements. Although esteem is a personal trait, it is influenced by other
forces, such as peer acceptance and approval.
3- Those with high self-esteem can cope with the situation by using their positive
characteristics alternately when they perceive a threat to their self-worth, but
those with low self-esteem can be more fragile and develop a defensive
attitude because their repertoire of positive traits is limited (Barutçu Yıldırım
& Demir, 2017).
6TH and 7th slide
REVIEW OF THE SALIENT RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES
Related Studies
The connection between children's academic achievement and self-esteem has been
the subject of various research. Self-esteem is part of our personality and is a
personal sensitivity that comes from our achievements in situations where we
challenging (Minev et al., 2018).
Low self-esteem is not only a disturbing emotion but also plays a role in the
emergence of psychopathological conditions ranging from anxiety to psychosis
(Masselink, 2018).
Moksnes (2019) stated that teenage self-esteem growth is crucial for helping them
cope with changes in their daily lives and any upsetting events that may emerge from
such changes.
(Barutçu Yldrm & Demir, 2017). Due to the limited number of positive attributes,
they possess, they become frail and overly protective
Additionally, social behavior depends on self-esteem. Self-esteem and positive
social behaviors are strongly and favorably correlated, whereas negatively correlated
social actions are significantly and adversely correlated (Cutuk, 2017).
In some studies, self-esteem was found to be associated with self-efficacy (Güler &
Bedel,2018), computer addiction (Aydıner, 2017), life satisfaction (Akcan, 2018),
social skill level and locus of control (Çutuk,2017), parent attitudes (Gürler,2017),
perceived social support (Bedel&Kutlu,2018), psychological well-being (Çelenk &
Peker,2020), social-emotional health and empathy (Petrulyte, Guogiene, and
Rimiene, 2019).
8th and 9th slide
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY/ SOP
1. SELF-ESTEEM: THE COPING EXPERIENCES OF BEED STUDENTS
WHO OVERCOME LOW SELF-ESTEEM
2. STRATEGIES OF SECOND YEAR BEED STUDENTS IN OVERCOMING
THEIR LOW SELF-ESTEEM
3. SECOND YEAR BEED STUDENTS – COLLEGE OF TEACHER
EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF CEBU – MAIN CAMPUS S.Y. 2022 –
2023
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY/ SOP
Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions.
1. What are the experiences of the informants that lead to having low self-esteem
in academics?
2. How did the informants turn an academically challenging situation into a
positive experience?
3. What are the coping strategies of the informants that boost their self-esteem?
10TH to 14th Slides
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
This qualitative study will utilize a phenomenological research design. A
phenomenological study is a research design that is commonly used to comprehend
the significance of individuals' life experiences particularly on the self-esteem of
the informants.
Research Environment
This study will be conducted at the University of Cebu-Main Campus, located at
Sanciangko St., Cebu City.
It offers different college courses and one of the programs offered in the College of
Teacher Education (CTE) is the BEED program.
Research Informants
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(capslock) The coping experiences of Second Year BEED students in overcoming
low self-esteem.
PURPOSIVE SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Research Instrument
This study will use an interview guide of instrument as tool in gathering the data.
The main instrument will focus on the following.
a. THE EXPERIENCES OF THE INFORMANTS THAT LEAD TO
HAVING LOW SELF-ESTEEM IN ACADEMICS (small letters)

b. THE INFORMANTS TURN AN ACADEMICALLY CHALLENGING
SITUATION INTO A POSITIVE EXPERIENCE
c. THE COPING STRATEGIES OF THE INFORMANTS THAT BOOST
THEIR SELF-ESTEEM
Research Procedures
Data Collection
The data is recorded through the interview, every conversation or interview
procedure will be written down for encoding purposes and it is being recorded for
further checking of their responses.
Data Analysis
The responses from each informant will be evaluated through narrative analysis.
Ethical Considerations
The informants’ identities will be treated under confidentiality and permission will
obtain from the informants before the interviews.
Data collection and interview sessions will be conducted at the appropriate time and
location. To guarantee their safety, only the researcher knows a list of the informants'
real names.
To preserve the highest level of confidentiality, their responses were recorded in
transcripts and kept exclusively in the researcher's file.

Trustworthiness of Research
Credibility. The researcher’s study will be trustworthy to the informants'
sources data since they would be the key persons who will benefit from learning
about their engagement in overcoming their low self-esteem, and also the advantage
they will experiences, the difficulties they face and ideas for how they will overcome
their self-esteem or which aspects they will improve based on the experiences they
encountered.
Transferability. The interviews of the informants will be recorded. The
validity of this study, which deals with how well the research findings represent
reality, is the researcher’s main focus. This will offer spontaneous proof that the
findings will be transferable to the other studies and usable in other contexts that
may use by other researchers.
Dependability. The study’s persistence of the research findings will allow
relying on documentary evidence of the research process and record keeping. Data
transcription will witness being recorded. This will serve as a tactic to improve the
reliability of data collection. This study will be trustworthy because the findings and
outcomes will be true even if other researchers conduct a verification investigation
using the same informants.

Confirmability. This researcher’s study findings rely on the narratives and
words of the informants rather than any researcher biases. Throughout the study, the
researcher can record the steps taken to verify and revalidate the data.
15TH Slide
To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else the
greatest accomplishment – Ralph Waldo Emerson
You may be the only person left who believes in you, but it’s enough. It takes just
one star to pierce a universe of darkness. – Richelle E. Goodrich

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1st Page

THE COPING EXPERIENCES OF STUDENTS WHO OVERCOME LOW

- In the Philippines, several studies focused on the self-esteem of college

4TH and 5TH Slides

3 Carl Roger (Humanistic Theory of Personality Development)

2. How did the informants turn an academically challenging situation into a

(capslock) The coping experiences of Second Year BEED students in overcoming

PURPOSIVE SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The main instrument will focus on the following.

a. THE EXPERIENCES OF THE INFORMANTS THAT LEAD TO

HAVING LOW SELF-ESTEEM IN ACADEMICS (small letters)

SITUATION INTO A POSITIVE EXPERIENCE

c. THE COPING STRATEGIES OF THE INFORMANTS THAT BOOST

The data is recorded through the interview, every conversation or interview

further checking of their responses.

obtain from the informants before the interviews.

To preserve the highest level of confidentiality, their responses were recorded in

transcripts and kept exclusively in the researcher's file.

Credibility. The researcher’s study will be trustworthy to the informants'

Transferability. The interviews of the informants will be recorded. The

may use by other researchers.

Dependability. The study’s persistence of the research findings will allow

outcomes will be true even if other researchers conduct a verification investigation

using the same informants.

greatest accomplishment – Ralph Waldo Emerson

one star to pierce a universe of darkness. – Richelle E. Goodrich

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